In Search of the Lost Testament of Alexander the Great

by David Grant

  89.Archaeologists note its ‘cheap’ construction and believe the tumulus could have in no way supported the 25-foot-tall Lion of Amphipolis found nearby some decades ago in the Strymon River; but recently the mound has been judged natural and not manmade which may change opinion.

  90.See chapter titled Babylon: the Cipher and Rosetta Stone for the cancellation of plans including Hephaestion’s funeral pyre.

  91.Arrian Indike 18.4 listed Nearchus as from Amphipolis; chapter titled The Silent Siegecraft of the Pamphleteers and Hierarch Historians and Alexandrian Alchemy for Nearchus’ career under Antigonus and his possible death at Gaza and other generals linked to Amphipolis. Laomedon was also associated with the city; his brother, Erygius, died in Sogdia in 328/7 BCE.

  92.For Eumenes’ treatment of Craterus see Plutarch Eumenes 7.6-13, Nepos 4.4, and Diodorus 19.59.3 suggests that by the time Craterus’ bones were finally returned to Phila by Ariston she was married to Demetrius Poliorketes but her whereabouts were not stated. Hammond Tombs (1991) p 70 for the Tomb of Palatitsia at Vergina.

  93.Euripides Alcestis line 419.

  BIBLIOGRAPHY

  The English titles of ancient works are often the result of a very liberal translation process. I have used the most popular and accepted names.

  ABBREVIATIONS – ANCIENT AUTHORS

  Aelian : Historical Miscellany (Varia Historia).

  Ammianus Marcellinus : Historical Events (Res Gestae).

  Arrian : The Campaign of Alexander (Anabasis Alexandrou).

  Athenaeus : The Dinner Philosophers (Deipnosophistae).

  Aulus Gellius : Attic Nights (Noctes Atticae).

  Cassius Dio : Roman History (Historia Romana).

  Curtius : History of Alexander the Great (Historiae Alexandri Magni).

  Dexippus : précis by Photius of Dexippus’ epitome of Arrian Events After Alexander.

  Diodorus : Library of World History (Bibliotheke).

  Diogenes Laertius : Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers (Bioi kai Gnomai ton en Philosophia Eudokimesanton).

  Eusebius : Ecclesiastical History (Historia Ecclesiastica).

  Herodian : History of the Empire From the Death of Marcus Aurelius (Historia de Imperio post Marcum Aurelium).

  Herodotus : The Histories (Historiai).

  Josephus : Jewish Antiquities (Antiquitates Iudiacae).

  Justin : Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus (Epitoma Historiarum Philippicarum).

  Juvenal : Satires (Satirae).

  Livy : The Early History of Rome (Ab Urbe Condita Libri).

  Metz Epitome : (Epitoma Rerum Gestarum Alexandri Magni et Liber de Morte Eius).

  Nepos : Eumenes; Lives of Eminent Commanders (Vitae Excellentium Imperatorum).

  Orosius : Seven Books of History Against the Pagans (Historiarum Adversum Paganos).

  Ovid : Transformations (Metamorphoses).

  Pausanias : Guide to Ancient Greece (Hellados Periegesis).

  Pliny: Natural History (Naturalis Historia).

  Plutarch : The Life of Alexander from his Parallel Lives (Vitae Parallelae).

  Plutarch Fortune : On the Fortune or the Virtue of Alexander The Great (De Alexandri Magni Fortuna aut Virtute).

  Polyaenus : Stratagems of War (Stratagemata).

  Polybius : Histories (Historiai).

  Quintilian : Institutes of Oratory (Institutio Oratoria).

  Romance : The Greek Alexander Romance or Pseudo-Callisthenes (probably first circulated as Istoria tou Megalou Alexandrou, better known by its early Latin name Historia Alexandri Magni).

  Strabo : Geography (Geographika hypomnemata).

  Suetonius : About the Life of the Caesars (De Vita Caesarum).

  Tacitus : Annals (Annales originally, Ab excessu divi Augusti).

  Thucydides : History of The Peloponnesian War (Historiai Peloponnesiakos Polemos).

  Valerius Maximus : Nine Books of Memorable Deeds and Sayings (Factorum ac Dictorum Memorabilium).

  Xenophon : The Education of Cyrus (Cyropaedia, Kyrou Paideía).

  MODERN ABBREVIATIONS

  FGrH : Fragmente der griechischen Historiker, F Jacoby (1926-1958) Leiden.

  BIBLIOGRAPHY

  Where more recent editions of older works have been used, I have, nevertheless, cited the original publication date in the footnotes, and referenced the edition being used in this bibliography. This seems more respectful than referencing, for example, ‘Gibbon (1996)’ for the History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire first published between 1776 and 1789. For clarity, only the publication being referred to in the book is italicised, though convention would also italicise the journal or publication in which the article appeared.

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