The Oath: The Obama White House v. The Supreme Court
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1 “make constitutional law on his own”: Jack Beatty, Age of Betrayal: The Triumph of Money in America, 1865–1900, p. 176. Beatty points out that Davis’s credibility was suspect because Karl Marx (!) complained that Davis had misquoted him in a report. On Santa Clara, see also Morton J. Horwitz, The Transformation of American Law, 1870–1960, pp. 66–71.
2 “ ‘the government is best which governs least’ ”: Horwitz, The Transformation of American Law, p. 33.
3 “then he did not stay bought”: Frick made the comment to the journalist Oswald Garrison Villard, who recounted it in his book Fighting Years, p. 181.
4 required extensive disclosure of campaign contributions and expenditures: Samuel Issacharoff, Pamela S. Karlan, and Richard H. Pildes, The Law of Democracy, p. 334.
5 Warren Burger, Potter Stewart, Lewis Powell, and William Rehnquist: Seth Stern and Stephen Wermiel, Justice Brennan: Liberal Champion, p. 442.
6 Congress had tried to set up a tightly controlled system for financing campaigns: Frank J. Sorauf, Inside Campaign Finance: Myths and Realities, pp. 238–39.
CHAPTER 12: SAMUEL ALITO’S QUESTION
1 named Bossie his “chief researcher” and the pair narrowed their focus to the personal and financial affairs of Bill and Hillary Clinton: Joe Conason and Gene Lyons, The Hunting of the President: The Ten-Year Campaign to Destroy Bill and Hillary Clinton, pp. 72–75.
2 various Washington journalists who printed or broadcast his accusations: Sidney Blumenthal, The Clinton Wars, pp. 76–77.
3 he had doctored certain transcripts to eliminate exculpatory information about Hillary Clinton: Howard Kurtz, “Some Reporters Heard Unedited Tapes,” Washington Post, May 11, 1998. See also Blumenthal, The Clinton Wars, pp. 443–44.
4 “conspiring against my husband since the day he announced for president”: Jeffrey Toobin, A Vast Conspiracy: The Real Story of the Sex Scandal That Nearly Brought Down a President, pp. 254–56.
CHAPTER 13: THE ROOKIE
1 social studies to fifth and sixth graders: For the reflection of one former Gloria Kagan student, see Blake Eskin, “The Ghost of Mrs. Kagan,” http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/newsdesk/2010/05/the-ghost-of-mrs-kagan.html.
CHAPTER 14: THE NINETY-PAGE SWAN SONG OF JOHN PAUL STEVENS
1 embezzled funds from the insurance company to prop up the hotel: Bill Barnhart and Gene Schlickman, John Paul Stevens: An Independent Life, p. 31.
2 one of the boys was forced to open a safe in the first-floor library: Barnhart and Schlickman, John Paul Stevens, pp. 32–33.
CHAPTER 15: “WITH ALL DUE DEFERENCE TO SEPARATION OF POWERS”
1 spotty at best in recent years: Pete Williams of NBC News compiled the statistics: http://firstread.msnbc.msn.com/_news/2011/01/25/5914956-will-chief-justice-roberts-be-in-attendance-after-all. See also Adam Liptak, “For Justices, State of the Union Can Be a Trial,” New York Times, Jan. 23, 2012, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/24/us/state-of-the-union-can-be-a-trial-for-supreme-court-justices.html.
2 “juvenile spectacle”: Adam Liptak, “Six Justices to Attend State of the Union,” Jan. 25, 2011, New York Times, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/26/us/politics/26justices.html?_r=3.
CHAPTER 16: THE RETIRED JUSTICES DISSENT
1 “and have them all over”: http://www.abajournal.com/news/article/oconnor_lawyers_judges_need_to_wake_up_to_judicial_funding_threat_prep_for_/.
2 call meant that he had died: http://www.lvrj.com/news/robocall-mishap-shows-nevadans-dont-want-any-questions-at-1-a-m—105738278.html?ref=278.
3 “So forget it. It’s over!”: Jeffrey Rosen, “Why I Miss Sandra Day O’Connor,” July 1, 2011, http://www.tnr.com/article/politics/91146/sandra-day-o-connor-supreme-court-alito.
4 “It’s not always positive”: Joan Biskupic, “O’Connor Says Rulings Being ‘Dismantled,’ ” Jan. 5, 2010, http://www.usatoday.com/news/washington/judicial/2009-10-05-sandra-day-oconnor_N.htm.
CHAPTER 17: SOFTBALL POLITICS
1 laying out the absurdities of contemporary confirmation hearings: Elena Kagan, “Confirmation Messes, Old and New,” 62 University of Chicago Law Review 919 (1995), http://lawreview.uchicago.edu/archive/Front%20Page/Kagan/ConfirmationMessesOldAndNew.pdf.
2 “I know it when I see it”: Jacobellis v. Ohio, 378 U.S. 164, 197 (1964) (Stewart, J., concurring).
CHAPTER 18: THE TEA PARTY AND THE JUSTICE’S WIFE
1 “their belief in citizen activism”: Theda Skocpol and Vanessa Williamson, The Tea Party and the Remaking of Republican Conservatism, p. 53.
2 “minimize the risk of another monarchy”: Glenn Beck, The Original Argument, p. xxv.
3 “in academia claim it to mean”: Mark R. Levin, Liberty and Tyranny: A Conservative Manifesto, pp. 57, 60.
4 family prominent in Republican politics: Jane Mayer and Jill Abramson, Strange Justice: The Selling of Clarence Thomas, pp. 144–45.
5 “And you pay a penalty if you don’t”: Quoted in Paul Starr, Remedy and Reaction, p. 87.
6 unless there was a mandate: Starr, Remedy and Reaction, pp. 87–88.
7 the conservative Heritage Foundation: The plan was created by Stuart Butler and Edmund Haislmaier. See http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204618704576641190920152366.html.
8 repeated his support for the idea as recently as 2005: Josh Hicks, “Newt Gingrich’s Changing Stance on Health-Care Mandates,” Dec. 12, 2011, http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/fact-checker/post/newt-gingrichs-changing-stance-on-health-care-mandates-fact-checker-biography/2011/12/09/gIQAVl0lkO_blog.html.
9 “Constitutional Implications of an ‘Individual Mandate’ in Health Care Reform”: See http://www.fed-soc.org/publications/detail/constitutional-implications-of-an-individual-mandate-in-health-care-reform.
10 translating the Urbanowicz-Smith article into more colloquial language: David B. Rivkin Jr. and Lee A. Casey, “Constitutionality of Health Insurance Mandate Questioned,” Washington Post, Aug. 22, 2009, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/08/21/AR2009082103033.html.
CHAPTER 19: THE THOMAS COURT
1 Crow who made the $500,000 contribution to Liberty Central: Kenneth P. Vogel, Marin Cogan, and John Bresnahan, “Justice Thomas’s Wife Virginia Thomas Now a Lobbyist,” Politico, Feb. 4, 2011, http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0211/48812.html; Mike McIntire, “Friendship of Justice and Magnate Puts Focus on Ethics,” New York Times, June 18, 2011, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/06/19/us/politics/19thomas.html?pagewanted=all.
2 who are leading benefactors of the Tea Party movement: Eric Lichtblau, “Common Cause Asks Court about Thomas Speech,” New York Times, Feb. 14, 2011, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/15/us/politics/15thomas.html. The circumstances of the appearances by Thomas and Scalia at the Koch brothers’ event are not clear. In his financial disclosure statement, Thomas listed reimbursement for a Federalist Society event at the time and place of the Koch event.
3 “price to pay today for standing in defense of your Constitution”: The audiotape of this speech was first disclosed by Politico. Kenneth P. Vogel, “Defiant Clarence Thomas Fires Back,” Politico, Feb. 27, 2011, http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0211/50277.html.
4 “He does not believe in stare decisis, period”: Ken Foskett, Judging Thomas: The Life and Times of Clarence Thomas, pp. 281–82.
5 “the perversion of the Constitution to
ok off during the presidency of Franklin Delano Roosevelt”: Kate Zernike, Boiling Mad: Inside Tea Party America, p. 70.
CHAPTER 20: “DEMOCRACY IS NOT A GAME”
1 his speech to raise money for the Spectator would have been inappropriate: On Alito’s speeches for the Spectator, see Lee Fang, “Exclusive: Supreme Court Justice Sam Alito Dismisses His Profligate Right-Wing Fundraising as ‘Not Important,’ ” Nov. 10, 2010, http://thinkprogress.org/politics/2010/11/10/129395/sam-alito-republican-fundraiser/. See also http://lawprofessors.typepad.com/conlaw/2010/11/alito-and-ethics.html.
CHAPTER 21: “YOU SHOULD DO IT”
1 “the Court will accept that judgment”: John Q. Barrett, “Wickard v. Filburn (1942),” http://www.stjohns.edu/media/3/638cd994e8484fd3bdb841f31b11952f.pdf?d=201.
2 sweeping the hallways: Nina Totenberg, profile of Donald Verrilli, NPR, http://www.npr.org/2012/03/22/148947199/the-man-behind-the-defense-of-obamas-health-law.
CHAPTER 22: BROCCOLI
1 “you can make people buy broccoli”: For a history of the broccoli example in the health care case, see James B. Stewart, “How Broccoli Landed on Supreme Court Menu,” New York Times, June 14, 2012, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/14/business/how-broccoli-became-a-symbol-in-the-health-care-debate.html?pagewanted=all.
CHAPTER 23: THE “EFFECTIVE” ARGUMENT
1 “Some might consider the change trivial”: Stevens, Five Chiefs, p. 212.
2 he thought Congress had exceeded its powers under the commerce clause in creating the individual mandate: In addition to my own reporting, I relied on the following sources in my account of the Court’s deliberations: Jan Crawford, “Roberts Switched Views to Uphold Health Care Law,” July 1, 2012, http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-3460_162–57464549/roberts-switched-views-to-uphold-health-care-law/?tag=contentMain;contentBody; Paul Campos, “Roberts Wrote Both Obamacare Opinions,” Salon, July 3, 2012, http://www.salon.com/2012/07/03/roberts_wrote_both_obamacare_opinions/. See also http://www.volokh.com/2012/07/03/so-now-we-have-supreme-court-leaks-disagreeing-with-supreme-court-leaks/; http://www.volokh.com/2012/07/03/more-on-the-supreme-court-leak/.
3 “a little bit up in the air”: Quoted at http://www.volokh.com/2012/07/03/more-on-the-supreme-court-leak/.
4 “changing the relation between the citizen and the federal government”: Jan Crawford first made this connection. See http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-3460_162-57464549/roberts-switched-views-to-uphold-health-care-law/?tag=contentMain;contentBody.
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