by Tim Elfrink
and legacy of the Biogenesis scandal, 392
and sexual impropriety allegations, 227, 300–301, 352, 367
Nazir, Carlos Diuana, 89
New York Mets, 11, 225
New York Post, 348
New York Times, 67, 68, 109, 119, 121, 143
New York Yankees, 386
contracts with Rodriguez, 69
and Galea’s treatment of Rodriguez, 132–33, 137
opt-out saga of 2007 season, 68–69
and Rodriguez’s confessions to using PEDs, 120–21
signing Rodriguez, 64–65
suspension/ban discussions, 328, 331–32
Nieto, Adrian, 341–42
Norberto, Jordan, 184, 279, 339
Novitzky, Jeff, 92, 110, 112–13, 390–91
Nunez, Juan Carlos, 175–76, 181, 184, 231, 233, 237–39, 246–47, 280–81, 388
Obama, Barack, 120
O’Connell, Andrew, 314, 348, 351
Operation Equine, 103
O’Rourke, Kevin, 298, 299
Ortiz, David, 109, 119, 143
Orza, Gene, 106, 112, 121
Otero, Alfonso “Flaco,” 194
Palmeiro, Rafael, 23, 44, 62, 111, 116
Papadakis, Maxine, 80
Park, Chan Ho, 63
Parker, Dave, 37
Paublini, Cesar, 182, 183–84
Paulino, Ronny, 228, 341
Payne, Terrance, 297–98
Pelegri, Frank, 51
Peralta, Jhonny, 270–71, 278, 280, 339, 342, 387–88, 394
Perkins, Dan, 47
Perls, Thomas, 82
Persaud, Lincoln Daniel, 53, 54–55
Pettitte, Andy, 114, 118
Philadelphia Phillies, 34–37
Philippon, Marc, 132, 268
Pie, Felix, 270, 341
Pittsburgh Pirates, 37–40
platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections, 396
Players Association, 64
Posada, Jorge, 118
Prouty, David M., 359
Puello, Cesar, 183, 184, 238, 279, 339
Pujols, Albert, 392–93
Radomski, Kirk, 91–92, 112–13, 115, 177–81, 192, 247–48, 337, 382, 390, 392
Ramirez, Manny, 109, 119, 142–45, 164, 167–68, 192, 251, 279
and Bosch, 144–45, 166, 173, 236, 253, 316
and Department of Investigations, 229
drug-testing policy, 394
suspension of, 228
Ramirez, Wilkin, 341
Randall, Bill, 94–95, 97
Ratcliff, Frankie, 194
Reagan, Ronald, 94
Reich, Sam, 38
Reilly, Tom, 247, 285, 287, 289, 291, 292, 299
Reisinger, Jay, 177, 181, 247, 249, 281
Rengifo, Joel, 219
Reyes, Bruli Medina, 352, 367
Reynolds, Don, 51–52
Ridge, Houston, 33, 41
Ripken, Cal, Jr., 60
Rivera, Mariano, 68, 118
Roberts, Selena, 17, 48, 50–51, 121, 135
Rodriguez, Alex “A-Rod”
accomplishments and honors, 61, 62, 65, 135–36, 170, 172
admissions of PED use, 119–23
antics of, 67–68
arbitration proceeding of, 2–4, 351–52, 353, 355–71
banned substances used by, 58, 119–23, 331–32, 337
and “biologic medicine” treatments, 395–96
and Bosch, 167–69, 172–73, 182–83, 239, 260–62, 264–66, 269, 273–74, 286, 305–6, 310–11, 312, 323, 330, 337
business dealings of, 63
and Cabrera, 230
and Canseco, 60–61
cocaine use of, 241
contract negotiations, 56
and drug testing, 62–63, 118, 119, 135, 143, 174, 267, 346, 397
and Elfrink’s story, 253, 256
family history and youth of, 15–18, 22–27
and financial impact of PED use, 385–86, 388
forty–forty of, 59, 61
foundation of, 57
Galea’s treatment of, 128, 132–33, 137, 138, 139–40, 141, 170, 365
home runs of, 61, 62, 170, 171–72, 173–74
injuries of, 259, 268, 328, 329–30, 335–36
lawsuits filed by, 363–64
leaked 2003 testing results of, 109
and legacy of the Biogenesis scandal, 399
and Levine, 328–29, 347, 363, 367
lifestyle of, in Seattle, 57–58
litigious nature of, 48
mentors of, 23
MLB’s investigation of, 329, 330, 331, 336, 338, 351–54
performance of, 124, 135–36, 169, 170, 257–60, 267–68, 353
physical transformations of, 49, 60
reputation of, 59, 124
signed to the Mariners, 56
60 Minutes appearance, 116–17
and Sucart, 55, 57, 118, 169, 263, 283
success of, 61
suspension appeal, 343–51
suspension of, 328, 331–32, 337, 338, 343
teams of (see New York Yankees; Seattle Mariners; Texas Rangers)
and the union, 64, 346
and University of Miami, 200, 207
and Velazquez, 268
and Weiner, 345–46
wife and marriage of, 57, 67, 68
and Woods, 128
youthful baseball of, 22–23, 25–27, 46–52
Rodriguez, Cynthia Scurtis, 57
Rodriguez, Eduardo “Eddie,” 23–24, 26, 49, 61
Rodriguez, Ivan “Pudge,” 44, 62
Rodriguez, Jose Luis, 89
Rodriguez, Ryan, 26
Rodriguez, Tiki, 19
Rogers, Mark, 228
Romanowksi, Bill, 265
Romero, J. C., 228
Rose, Pete, 35–36, 225, 390
Rost, Peter, 81
Rudman, Daniel, 78, 79
Russo, Chris, 345
Ruth, Babe, 41, 395
Sanchez, Gaby, 199, 200, 201–5, 340
Sandomir, Richard, 68
San Francisco Chronicle, 109
Sano, Miguel Angel, 226–27
Santos, Fautino de los, 184, 278, 339
Santos, Fautino de los, 278, 339
Saunders, Tony, 106–7
Saunooke, Robert, 224
Schembechler, Bo, 92–93
Schmidt, Mike, 35
Scott, Jeff, 102
Scott, Rick, 293, 320–21, 391
Scurry, Rod, 38, 39
Seattle Mariners, 56, 58, 61
Segui, David, 59, 391
Selig, Allan “Bud” H., 6, 97–100, 101, 103, 217, 226, 227, 231, 235, 302, 322, 327, 333–34, 345, 346, 356–57, 358, 363–64, 367–68, 369–71, 376, 378–80
and arbitration proceeding, 369, 370
and BALCO case, 110
and Bosch investigation, 286, 311
and Braun, 209
and the Brewers, 209, 210–11
and Department of Investigations, 220–21, 222, 224–25
drug prevention policies of, 342–43
and home run record chase, 105, 108
and legacy of Biogenesis scandal, 385, 390, 398–401
and Mitchell Report, 115
on Nunez, 246
players suspended by, 338, 340–41
and prevalence of steroid use, 107
and protesters, 3
and Rodriguez, 116
suspension of Rodriguez, 331–32, 337–38
Tacopina’s criticism of, 349
Senok Management Group LLC, 58
Shaughnessy, Dan, 106
Signature Pharmacy, 115
Sinclair, Hugh, 53
Sitrick, Michael, 273–74, 276, 277, 347, 349–50, 363
60 Minutes, 116–17, 121, 188, 346–47, 375, 377–78, 379
Smith, Bryan W., 66, 70
Smith, Randy, 104
Snurkowski, Nancy, 140
Sosa, Sammy, 62, 69, 104–5, 109, 119, 400
Sports Illustrated, 60, 62, 108–9
, 118, 119, 394
Staiano, Butch, 25–26
Stanton, Mike, 179, 181
Stargell, Willie, 39
Steinberg, Mark, 130
Steinbrenner, George, 64, 170, 400
Steinbrenner, Hank, 68, 69
Stejskal, Greg, 93–95, 97, 103–4, 221, 393
Steroid Era, 4–6, 58–59, 62, 100, 102, 221
steroids, 33, 40–42, 172
and Bosch’s drug regimen, 154, 155
Caminiti’s defense of, 108–9
and Canseco’s allegations, 60–61
federal investigation and prosecution of, 94–95, 97, 115 (see also Mitchell Report)
and Goldman, 77–78
in high school athletes, 48–53, 93, 191
injuries related to, 106–7
prevalence of steroid use, 107
and Radomski, 91–92
and Roberts exposé, 135
Rodriguez’s use of, 65–67, 69–70, 172
and Selig’s commissioner tenure, 100
Stewart, Wayne, 48
Strong, Rickey, 140–41
Strouse, Chuck, 287
Sucart, Yuri, 269, 271, 273, 360
and arbitration proceeding, 367
bankruptcy of, 263, 283
and banned substances used by Rodriguez, 58, 63, 118, 169, 352
and Bosch, 169–70, 172–73, 174–75, 193, 260–61, 303, 314
business ventures of, 71, 123, 263–64
felony conviction of, 53–55, 71
lifestyle of, in Seattle, 57–58
MLB ban on, 123, 135, 263, 264
Rodriguez’s relationship with, 16, 57, 58, 63, 71–72, 118, 121–23, 169, 263, 283, 347
and Yankees championship ring, 169, 282–83
Sun Sentinel, 271
Sullivan, Mark, 287
Tacopina, Joe, 348–50, 355–56, 357–58, 367, 368, 384, 385, 401
Taylor, William Nathaniel, Jr., 52–53
Taylor Hooton Foundation, 123–24
teenagers, 48–53, 93, 187, 188–93, 388
Tejada, Betty, 87, 155
Tejada, Nelson, 226, 299, 317
testing for drug use
and Bosch’s drug regimen, 164–65, 168, 182, 211, 232, 249, 267
Braun’s failed test, 211–17
Cabrera’s failed test, 231, 232, 233, 237–38, 239
carbon isotope testing, 143, 165, 232, 233, 393, 394
drug testing in 2003, 63, 109, 118, 119, 228
in high schools, 52
improving methods of, 232–33
by MLB, 62
and players union, 40, 106, 109
Rodriguez’s failed drug test, 62–63, 118, 119, 135, 143, 174
at University of Miami, 201–2, 208
weaknesses of, 232–33
testosterone, 43, 66–67, 69
and Bosch’s drug regimen, 86, 88, 154, 155, 164–65, 166, 173, 187
permitted use of, 386, 391, 399
Rodriguez’s use of, 119, 120, 173
testing for, 393
Texas Rangers, 44–45, 61, 63, 64, 120, 172
therapeutic use exemptions, 65–67, 69–70
Thomas, Frank, 102, 104
Thompson, Ryan, 107
Tierney, John, 66
Torre, Joe, 23, 67, 142, 258
Turley, Howard (later Lazarus Long), 82–83
Tygart, Travis, 164, 165, 215, 233, 343, 399
Ueberroth, Peter, 39, 98, 100
union, players
congressional investigation and the Mitchell Report, 111, 112, 113, 115
and drug reform, 39, 107, 110, 111, 112
and drug testing, 40, 106, 109
and legacy of the Biogenesis scandal, 389
and Mitchell Report, 115
Rodriguez’s relationship with, 64, 119, 366
and Selig, 99–101
and therapeutic use exemptions, 65
and urine samples from 2003 drug testing, 63, 109, 119
and Vincent, 99
University of Miami, 47, 56, 194–96, 197–204
US Anti-Doping Agency (USADA), 164, 215, 233, 399
Valdespin, Jordany, 184, 278, 339
Valencia, Danny, 274, 339
Vaughn, Mo, 114
Velazquez, Jorge “Oggi,” 152–53, 167, 172–73, 260, 268–70, 274, 360, 373
and Bosch investigation, 288, 300, 313–14
and Bosch’s notebooks, 254, 255, 268, 269, 276
and death threats, 314–15
payment of Bosch, 262
and Rodriguez’s counterattack, 351
Vincent, Fay, 99, 100
Vindicated (Canseco), 60, 224
Volquez, Edinson, 228
Washington Times, 302
Wehling, Peter, 395–96
Weiner, Michael, 280–81, 339, 344–46, 389
Wells, David, 228
Wenzlaff, Curtis, 95–97, 221
White, Rondell, 179–80, 248
White Sox, 4
Williams, Lance, 111
Wilson, Willie, 37
Winstrol, 41, 42
Woliner, Kenneth, 89
Woods, Tiger, 125, 128–32, 134, 136, 139, 140–41, 365
World Anti-Doping Agency, 66, 126, 128, 261, 396, 399
World Series of 2007, 68
Yahoo! Sports, 274–75, 276, 277, 339, 346–47, 363
Yankees, 4
Yesalis, Charles, 36–37, 165
Young, Cy, 35
Youth Service League (YSL), 176, 181
Zeile, Todd, 178
Ziegler, John “Montana Jack,” 40, 78
Zimmerman, LeRoy, 36
Zitter, Mel, 176, 177, 181
PHOTOGRAPHS
* * *
© KeithAllisonPhoto.com
New York Yankees third baseman Alex Rodriguez
© Key Biscayne Police Department
Biogenesis founder Anthony Bosch
© Tim Elfrink
The University of Miami’s home field, Alex Rodriguez Park
© Tim Elfrink
The tanning salon where Bosch and Jorge Velazquez ran an anti-aging clinic
© Tim Elfrink
Biogenesis was housed on the first floor of this Coral Gables office building.
© New York County District Attorney’s Office
A 1993 mug shot of Yuri Sucart, Rodriguez’s cousin
© Coral Gables Police Department
Jorge “Oggi” Velazquez, Bosch’s former business partner
© KeithAllisonPhoto.com
Outfielder Nelson Cruz, then playing for the Texas Rangers
© X Wad, public license through Creative Commons: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/11/Melky_Cabrera_Giants_2012.jpg
Outfielder Melky Cabrera, then playing for the San Francisco Giants
© The Dana Files, Flickr, public license through CreativeCommons: http://www.flickr.com/photos/thedanafiles/2696377554/
Milwaukee Brewers outfielder Ryan Braun
© Marta Xochilt Perez
Biogenesis whistle-blower Porter Fischer
© Boca Raton Police Department
Porter Fischer’s rental car after the Boca Raton theft of Biogenesis records
© EPA/Mike Theiler
Major League Baseball commissioner Allan “Bud” Selig (left) and current chief operating officer Rob Manfred
© AP Photo/Seth Wenig
MLB vice president of investigations Dan Mullin
© Courtesy Joyce Fitzpatrick/Fitzpatrick Communications
Tony Bosch enters MLB headquarters for Alex Rodriguez’s arbitration hearing.
In 1864, E. P. Dutton & Co. bought the famous Old Corner Bookstore and its publishing division from Ticknor and Fields and began their storied publishing career. Mr. Edward Payson Dutton and his partner, Mr. Lemuel Ide, had started the company in Boston, Massachusetts, as a bookseller in 1852. Dutton expanded to New York City, and in 1869 opened both a bookstore and publishing house at 713 Broadway. In 2014, Dutton celebrates 150 years of publish
ing excellence. We have redesigned our longtime logotype to reflect the simple design of those earliest published books. For more information on the history of Dutton and its books and authors, please visit www.penguin.com/dutton.
