by Carla Kaplan
Auden, W. H., 328
authenticity:
meanings of, 18
of race, 150
in theater, 22, 245
Baker, Ella:
and George Schuyler, 114, 144, 147
and Josephine Schuyler, 138, 142, 148
and Young Negroes’ Cooperative League, 144, 147
Baker, Josephine, 301, 302
Bankhead, Tallulah, 34
Banting, John, 283, 283, 284, 328
Barnard College:
Hurston as student in, 172, 265
Meyer as founder of, 170, 177–78, 191
Barnes, Djuna, 294
Barnes Collection, “Negro Art and America,” 215
Barrett, Edna Harriet, “To a Pickaninny,” xv, xix, xxv, 312
Barrymore, Ethel, 24, 33
Barrymore, John, 52
Barthé, Richmond, 252
Basie, Count, 144
Bassett, Theodore, 317
Bates, Ruby, 55, 56, 175, 316, 325–27, 326
Beaton, Cecil, 284, 294, 308
Beckett, Samuel, 304, 306, 332
Bedford, Sybille, 294
Beecham, Thomas, 291
Beggans, Mary, 248
Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University, 90
Belgian Congo, art from, 216
Benedict, Ruth, 209
Benét, William Rose, 38
Bennett, Gwendolyn, xviii
“Heritage,” 14–15
Berlin Ethnological Museum, 215
Berry, Abner, 317
Berry, Faith, 234
Bethune, Mary McLeod, xviii
Bhogwan (Indian), 102
Biddle, Frances, 347, 401n203, 402n203, 407n212, 416n252
Biddle, Francis, 212, 225, 246, 251, 252
Biddle, Katherine, see Chapin, Katherine Garrison (Biddle)
Biddle, Stephen, 347, 401n203, 402n203, 407n212
black culture:
celebration of, 11
emblems of achievement, 42
romanticized by whites, 17, 18, 20, 54
white culture as bland compared to, 29–30, 48–49
white patrons’ support of, 31
blackness:
classification of, 11, 311
as contagion, 11, 297
measures of, 10
qualities of, 17
“strange longing” for, 46–56
superiority of, 160
volunteering for, xxvi, xxix, 13, 48–49, 297, 299, 310
white expectations of, 36, 44-45, 218, 230, 265, 272, 297, 331
white love of, xxxi, 12, 18, 48, 54, 120–21, 196–296
see also Negroes
Blake, Eubie, 21
Bledsoe, Jules, 113
Block, Harry, 38, 241
Blondiau-Theatre Arts Collection, 216
Blum, Edward, 66
Boas, Franz, xviii, 209, 229, 241, 267
bohemians:
in Harlem, xxix, 111–12
in the Jazz Age, xviii
and New Woman, 101–2, 104
in New York, 111–12
in San Francisco, 100–102, 111
Boni & Liveright, 38, 188, 241
award sponsored by, 31
Bontemps, Arna, 39, 89
Booth, John Wilkes, 91
Bourne, Dorothea, 61
Boyle, Kay, 294
Bradford, Roark, xviii
Brancusi, Constantin, 216, 294
Braque, Georges, 216
Brawley, Benjamin, “My Hero,” 405n208
Breton, André, 294
British Scottsboro Defense Fund, 318
British Union of Fascists, 312
Brooklyn Museum, 216
Brooks, Van Wyck, xxv
Broun, Heywood, 33
Brown, John, xxi
Brown, Sterling, 20, 259, 272, 273, 331–32
Bryant, Louise, 38
Bryher (Annie Winifred Ellerman), 294
Buck, Pearl, 24
Buñuel, Luis, 312
Burkhart, Charles, 286
Burlin, Natalie Curtis, see Curtis, Natalie
Burlin, Paul, 213–14
Butler, Judith, 44
Butler, Nell, 61
Butler, Nicholas Murray, 184
Bynner, Witter, 35
Campbell, Grace, 317
Cardozo, Benjamin, 176
Carter, Dan, 55
Cézanne, Paul, 216
Chapin, Cornelia:
and “The Friends,” 237
and Mason, 202, 212–13, 216, 224, 227, 236, 237, 240, 246, 248, 263
and Mason’s death, 251, 252
Chapin, Katherine Garrison (Biddle):
and Francis Biddle, 212, 225, 251, 252
and “The Friends,” 237
and Mason, 202, 212–13, 216, 224, 227, 236, 237, 239, 240, 246, 248
and Mason’s death, 251, 252–53
poetry of, 251
sons of, 216
Chapin, Paul and Leila, 245–46
Chapin, Schuyler, 409–10n224
Chattanooga Times, 51
Chesnutt, Charles, 273
Chicago Defender, xxv, 39
Chisholm, Anne, 323, 335
Christie, Margaret, 185, 190
Churchill, Lady Randolph (former Jennie Jerome), 291
Cincinnati Union, 145
Civic Club dinners (1924; 1925), xxiii-xxiv, xxvi
civil rights, 160, 314, 316, 317
Civil War, U.S., 201, 202
Clam House, Harlem, 34
Clark, Gwyn, 390–91n151
Clinton, Hillary Rodham, 339
Clotilda (slave ship), 240
Cobb, Irvin S., 265
Cogdell, Buster, 98
Cogdell, D. C., 87, 92–94, 98, 126, 141
Cogdell, Gaston, 98
Cogdell, Josephine, see Schuyler, Josephine Cogdell
Cogdell, Lucy Duke, 93–94, 96–97
Cogdell family, 87–88, 127, 131
in Granbury, 91, 92–95
house and estate of, 92–93, 93, 94, 98, 151
and Josephine’s life, 103, 104, 109, 134–35, 145, 152, 177
Josephine’s visits with, 108–9, 126–27
servants of, 92, 96–97, 97, 134, 152, 382n96
Colebrooke, A. A., 328
Collins, Jeanne, “The Church of the Green Pastures,” xv
color-blindness; race-blindness, xxvii, 89, 277
Colored American, The, xxv
Comanche tribe, 91
Communist Party: and arrests, 160
and Cunard, 284, 314, 316, 317, 318
and Harlem, 161, 316–17
and identity politics, 318
“The Internationale,” 104
International Labor Defense (ILD), 314, 315, 325–26
and NAACP, 317–18
and Scottsboro case, 55–56, 160, 284, 314–17, 325–26
Connelly, Marc, xviii
Green Pastures, 179, 189, 321
Connie’s Inn, Harlem, 34, 150
Conrad, Joseph, 216
Cook, Gerald, 30
Cooke, Marvel Jackson, 144
Cooper, Billie B., “The Lost Heart,” xv
Costigan-Wagner Anti-Lynching Bill, 190
Cotton, Pansy, 291
Cotton Club Orchestra, 41, 112
Covarrubias, Miguel, 36, 43
illustration by, 25, 253
and Mason, 221, 246, 252
Cowley, Malcolm, 101
Crawford, Joan, 34
Crisis, The, 104
awards sponsored by, 31, 222
Cunard’s essay in, 312
Josephine Schuyler’s pseudonymous work in, 390–91n151
“The Negro in Art,” 22–23
“The Poet’s Page,” xv, xvi, xix, xxv, 60, 136, 152, 312, 333
as “Poet’s Corner,” 60
Crockett, Davy, 91
Croute, Helen, 85
Crowder, Henry, 328
and Cunard, 281, 302–8, 311, 320–22, 327
Henry
Music, 306
and Negro anthology, 333
As Wonderful as All That? 426–27n304
Cruickshank, Alfred M., “To Miss Nancy Cunard,” 286–87
Cullen, Countée, xviii, 21, 35, 89, 193, 221
early years of, 300
“Heritage,” 15–16, 17–18, 215, 233
and Negro anthology, 329
Cunard, Sir Bache, 281, 288, 423n289
Cunard, Edward, 302
Cunard, Lady Maud Alice Burke, a.k.a. Emerald, 281, 288–89, 311–12, 319, 323–25, 335
Cunard, Nancy, 43, 80, 141, 187, 279–337, 280, 283, 292, 309
African art collection of, 295, 298, 303, 306, 331, 335
“The American Moron and the American of Sense—Letters on the Negro,” 285
“becoming” African, 14, 49, 287–88, 295, 296–301, 303, 304, 308, 309–11, 332, 341
birth and childhood of, 288–91, 309
“Black Man and White Ladyship,” 323–25
and black men, 52, 57, 258
and Communist Party, 284, 314, 316, 317, 318
comparisons to, 49–50, 51, 105, 111, 153, 161, 177, 182, 184, 185, 218, 277, 299, 343
correspondence of, 331, 333
and Crowder, 281, 302–8, 311, 320–22, 327
and Cunard family/estate, 281, 284, 288–91, 289, 296, 311–12, 314, 319, 323–25, 335
death of, 334, 335
“Does Anyone Know Any Negroes?,” 311–12, 323
dreams of Africa, 288
and feminism, 326
fund-raiser sponsored by, 318–19
on Harlem’s interracial appeal, 32, 282
hate mail to, 51, 285–86, 297, 333
health problems of, 305, 321, 334, 335, 336
and The Hours press, 303, 304, 305, 306, 313, 426n303
and Hurston, 246, 329, 332
influence of, xxx, 258, 280
in Italy, 302
marriage to Fairbairn, 291, 292
media stories about, 51, 279–86, 291, 294, 296, 299, 328, 330
“The Negress at the Brothel,” 330
Negro: An Anthology, 149, 184, 255, 258, 281, 284, 303, 320, 322, 327, 328–34
as New Woman, 282, 286, 299, 309, 336
“1930”/“Equatorial Way” (poem), xv, xix, 45, 308, 312
in Paris, 293–94, 301–2, 303–5, 330–31
“Pedestal” (poem), xv
personal traits of, 291–92, 304–5, 307, 336
and politics, 312–13, 314, 324–25, 334
public image of, xxix, 277, 279–80, 281, 284, 291, 294, 303, 334–37, 339, 340
“Rape” (poem), 313–14
recklessness of, 286, 298–99, 305–6, 313, 316, 324–25
“Remorse” (poem), 293
response to Cruickshank poem, 286–87
and Scottsboro case, 55, 175, 281, 284, 313–16, 318–20, 322, 323, 324, 325–27
scrapbooks of, 280, 293, 333
“Soldiers Fallen in Battle” (poem), 292–93
and Spanish Civil War, 335
travel to Harlem and U.S., 279–86, 320–22, 328–34
work ethic of, 300
as writer, 292–93, 294, 308, 335
Cunard, Victor, 302
Curb Market, Harlem, 113, 120
Curtis, Anna Shaw, 208
Curtis, George William, 208
Curtis, Natalie:
and Burlin, 213–14
death of, 214
and Mason, 202, 208–14, 222, 224, 237
Negro Folk-Songs, 213
Songs and Tales from the Dark Continent, 213
and The Indians’ Book, 210–11
Dabney, W. P., 145–46
Dalí, Salvador, 301, 312
Danielson, Jacques, 262, 267
Dark Tower salon, 31, 112, 113
Darwin, Charles, 101
Davis, John, xviii
Davis, Sammy, Jr., 162
Day, Dorothy, 101
Decker, Todd, 43
Depression, see Great Depression
Dismond, Geraldyn, 29, 37, 39, 43, 141
Domingo, W. A., “The New Negro,” xxi
“Don’t buy where you can’t work,” 317
Dos Passos, John, 175, 294
Douglas, Aaron, xviii, 144, 221, 252
NAACP program by, 44
The Spirit of Africa, 215
Douglas, Alta, 252
Douglas, Ann, xix, 335
Douglas, Norman, 335, 371–72n55, 426n303
Douglass, Frederick, 42, 61
Draper, Muriel, 24, 35, 39, 89
Dreiser, Theodore, 89, 329, 332
Dreisinger, Baz, Near Black: White-to-Black Passing in American Culture, xix-xx, 277
Du Bois, W. E. B., xviii, 72, 89, 144, 219, 300
antilynching statements of, 74
and Black No More, 159
on the color line, 360n4
Communist Party attacks on, 317
and Cunard, 316, 322
on education, 185
interracial marriage frowned upon by, 12, 54
and media sensationalism, 6
and Negro anthology, 329, 332
on Negro theater, 22
and Ovington, xxvii, 79
on race pride, 11
“Returning Soldiers,” xxi
The Souls of Black Folk, 59
on white schoolmarms, 62
on whites writing as blacks, 20
Duchamp, Marcel, 294
Dunbar, Paul Laurence:
“Robert Gould Shaw,” 405n208
“We Wear the Mask,” 307
Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, 39
Dunham, Stanley Ann, 71
Durante, Jimmy, 41
Duryea, Etta, 8–9, 9
Dyer, Leonidas, 73–74
Eagles, Jeanne, 34
Eastman, Crystal, 262
Eastman, Max, xviii, 104, 212
Eaton, Walter Pritchard, 183
Eatonville, Florida, 266–67
Edwards, Gloss, 189–90
Eliot, T. S., 216, 290, 294
Ellerman, Annie Winifred (Bryher), 294
Ellington, Duke, 41, 112
Ellis, Havelock, 294
Ellison, Ralph, The Invisible Man, 359nxxviii, 366n26
Emancipation Proclamation, 332
Embree, Edwin, xviii
English Speaking Union, 246
erotics of race, 13, 29–56
black culture vs. white, 29–30
and Cunard, 282, 307
and Harlem as racial laboratory, 29–40
NAACP extravaganza, 40–45
passing, and strange longing, 46–56, 274, 420n274
and primitivism, 44, 48
and Schuylers, 88, 112–24, 142, 151, 152, 180
Erskine, Helen Worden, 24
essentialism; essentialist, xxvii, 48, 89, 220, 230–31
antiessentialism; antiessentialist 13, 88, 152, 158, 230
Estes, Dr. St. Louis, Raw Food and Health, 384n103
Fairbairn, Sydney, 291, 292
Farrar, John, xxv, 22–23
Fauset, Arthur Huff, 182, 183, 221, 252
Fauset, Jessie, xviii, 48–49, 182, 273
“The Sleeper Wakes,” 49
Federal Writers Project, 147
feminism; feminist(s), xxviii
and Cunard, 326
and Hurst, 262–63, 271
and interracialism, 135, 142
and Mason, 207
and Meyer, 142, 170, 184, 191, 207
and New Woman, 50, 101
and Ovington, 50
“The personal is political,” 312
and Schuyler, Josephine, 93-94, 101, 106, 130, 135, 137–8, 145, 154
and suffrage, 263
and traditional roles, 63, 93, 94
Ferber, Edna, 197
Fields, Dorothy, 24
Fifth Avenue Restaurant, New York, xxiv
Finkelstein, Fred, 110
Fire!!, xviii
Fisher, Rudolph, 24, 342–43
�
�The Caucasian Storms Harlem,” 35
Fisk College, 10
Fitzgerald, Ella, 162
Fitzgerald, F. Scott, 38
Fitzgerald, William, 317
Fitzgerald, Zelda, 34, 38
Flanagan, Hallie, 24
Flanner, Janet, 262, 294, 302, 335
flappers, xviii
folklore, public interest in, 17
Fonda, Jane, xxviii
Ford, Ford Madox, 290
Ford, James W., 317
Forrest, Laura E., 390–91n151
Forster, Guido Frederick, 252
Frank, Waldo, xviii, 19, 89
Frankfurt museum, 215
Franklin, Benjamin, 288
Franklin sisters, 77
Freedmen’s Aid Society, 208
Freedmen’s Bureau, schoolteachers for, 62
freedom and identity; as freedom from identity, xxvii–xxviii, 90
French, Samuel, 185
Freud, Sigmund, 117, 135
“Friends of Africa,” 70–71
“friend(s) of the Negro,” 17, 75, 263, 363n17, 376n75, 425n297
Fulton, Andrew F., 71
Galbraith, Frederic, 8
Garland Foundation, 31
Garretson, Johanna, 202
Garrison, William Lloyd, xxi, 176
Garth, John, 106–8, 106, 110, 114, 125–26, 130–31, 144
Garvey, Marcus, 119–20, 328
and “back to Africa,” 119, 317
and Ku Klux Klan, 11–12
and NAACP, 11
and UNIA, 11, 12, 119
Gates, Henry Louis, Jr., 257
Gauguin, Paul, 216
Gelhorn, Sarah N., xxv
Gershwin, George, 33
Gibson Girl, xviii
Gilman, Charlotte Perkins, 262
Gilmore, Glenda, 55, 75
Gilpin, Charles, xviii, 21, 188
Gilpin Players of Cleveland, 234
Gilroy, Paul, 273
Gish, Lillian, 89
Glaspell, Susan, 263
Glyn, Elinor, 95
Gold, Michael, 332
Goldman, Emma, 101, 339
Goldsby, Jacqueline, 74
Goldwater, Barry M., 160
Gone with the Wind (film), 258
Goodman, Edward, 188
Gordon, Asa H., 130
Gordon, Eugene, 159, 160
Gordon, Lois, 335
Gordon, Taylor, 35, 43, 283, 334
Grampion Hotel, Harlem, 279, 281, 282, 285, 320
Granbury, Texas:
Cogdell family in, 91, 92–95, 381n93
lynching tree in, 91
Grant, Madison, 190
Graves, Robert, 304
Great Depression, 55, 87, 188, 231, 241, 282, 305, 320
and Communist Party, 316–17
and Harlem, 146–47, 176, 316–17
and stock market crash, xxix, 40, 236, 267
Great Migration, 16, 66, 73, 185
Green, Paul, xviii, 19, 181, 186, 276
In Abraham’s Bosom, 21
Greenwich Village, New York, xxiv, xxix, 25, 109–12
Gregory, Montgomery, 22, 398–99n189
Grimké, Angelina Weld, 61, 181
