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The Marshall Plan

Page 59

by Benn Steil


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  ARTICLES

  Adams, Frank S. “Stassen Plea Wins Legion Convention to Marshall Plan.” New York Times. September 1, 1947.

  Agnew, John. “The Eurozone Crisis and the Marshall Plan Metaphor.” openDemocracy. August 6, 2012. https://www.opendemocracy.net/john-agnew/eurozone-crisis-and-marshall-plan-metaphor.

  Albright, Madeleine. “Why Bigger Is Better.” The Economist. February 15, 1997.

  Albright, Robert C. “House Bill Would Okay Greek-Turk Loan, Grant.” Washington Post. March 19, 1947.

  ———. “Junkets Might Alter Next Session’s Votes.” Washington Post. September 7, 1947.

  Alsop, Joseph, and Stewart Alsop. “Hoover a Godsend to ERP Foes.” Washington Post. January 25, 1948.

  Asmus, Ronald D. “Europe’s Eastern Promise: Rethinking NATO and EU Enlargement.” Foreign Affairs. January/February 2008.

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  ———. “What Will NATO Enlargement Cost?” Reprints. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 1997. [Originally published in Survival, Vol. 38, No. 3 (Autumn 1996): 5–26.]

  Asmus, Ronald D., and F. Stephen Larrabee. “NATO and the Have-Nots: Reassurance After Enlargement.” Foreign Affairs. November/December 1996.

  Augusta Chronicle. “Grave Decision.” March 13, 1947.

  Bacha, Edmar L. “A Three-Gap Model of Foreign Transfers and the GDP Growth Rate in Developing Countries.” Journal of Development Economics. Vol. 32, No. 2 (April 1990): 279–96.

  Barber, Chris. “The Herter Committee: Forging RN’s Foreign Policy.” April 9, 2014. Nixon Library. https://www.nixonfoundation.org/2014/04/herter-committee-forging-rns-foreign-policy/.

  Barnes, Bart. “Financier Robert A. Lovett, 90, Former Secretary of Defense, Dies.” Washington Post. May 8, 1986.

  Barnes, Julian E., and Laurence Norman. “European Union Backs Plan to Expand Military Coordination.” Wall Street Journal. November 15, 2016.

  BBC. “1999: Putin Takes Over as Yeltsin Resigns.” On This Day 1950–2005. http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/december/31/newsid_4102000/4102107.stm.

  BBC. “Ukraine Crisis: Russia Demands Guarantees from Nato.” November 18, 2014. http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-30107520.

  Beevor, Antony. “Eisenhower’s Pit Bull.” Wall Street Journal. October 23, 2010.

  Belair, Felix, Jr. “Truman Assumes Lead in Fight on Communism.” New York Times. March 16, 1947.

  ———. “Snyder Bars a Cut in Taxes Till Cost of Europe Aid Is Set.” New York Times. October 30, 1947.

  Belair, Felix, Jr. “ERP’s Domestic Phases Cause Capital Concern.” New York Times. November 16, 1947.

  ———. “Election Year Politics Held a Threat to ERP.” New York Times. November 23, 1947.

  ———. “Delay Looms on ERP Action Despite Appeal for Speed.” New York Times. January 8, 1948.

  ———. “Draft, Great Costs ERP Alternatives, Say Defense Heads.” New York Times. January 16, 1948.

  ———. “Marshall Plan Attacked by Weir.” New York Times. February 26, 1948.

  ———. “Way for the ERP Bill Has Now Been Cleared.” New York Times. February 29, 1948.

  ———. “Senators Rebuff Taft on ERP Cut.” New York Times. March 13, 1948.

  ———. “Martin’s Warning: Speaker Tells Majority Steering Group of ‘Grave Crisis.’ ” New York Times. March 17, 1948.

  ———. “Omnibus Bill Carries $5,300,000,000 ERP and Funds for East.” New York Times. April 1, 1948.

  ———. “ECA Bill Is Voted; Taft Shifts Plans for 10% Cut in Fund.” New York Times. April 15, 1949.

  Berger, Marilyn. “Former Ambassador Charles E. Bohlen Dies at 69.” Washington Post. January 2, 1974.

  Birnbaum, Michael. “Wary of Russia, Europe Now Tiptoes When It Comes to Expansion.” Washington Post. May 22, 2015.

  Blair, Raymond J. “State Dept. Paper Pictures in Detail Growing Threat of Red Domination,” Washington Post. September 7, 1947.

  Blair, William M. “European Aid Tops Interest in Iowa.” New York Times. February 16, 1948.

  Blome, Nikolaus, Kai Diekmann, and Daniel Biskup. “Putin—The Interview: ‘For Me, It Is Not Borders That Matter.’ ” Bild. January 11, 2016.

  Bloomberg View. “Arab Spring Needs a Mini–Marshall Plan.” January 13, 2013. https://www.bloomberg.com/view/articles/2013-01-13/arab-spring-needs-a-mini-marshall-plan.

  Boggs, S. W. “Cartohypnosis.” Scientific Monthly. Vol. 64, No. 6 (June 1947): 469–76.

  Bohemia Band. “Stalin, Czechoslovakia, and the Marshall Plan: New Documentation from the Czechoslovak Archives.” Vol. 32, No.1 (1991): 139–44.

  Borba [Beograd]. “An Interview with Josip Broz Tito.” August 26, 1947.

  Bossuat, Gérard. “Le poids de l’aide américaine sur la politique économique et financière de la France en 1948.” Relations internationales. Vol. 37 (Spring 1984).

  Brzezinski, Zbigniew. “A Geostrategy for Eurasia.” Foreign Affairs. September/October 1997.

  Busch, Noel F. “Paul Hoffman.” Life. April 4, 1949.

  Byrnes, Mark S. “ ‘Overruled and Worn Down’: Truman Sends an Ambassador to Spain.” Presidential Studies Quarterly. Vol. 29, No. 2 (June 1999): 263–79.

  Callender, Harold. “Paris Parley to Open Today: Molotov and 89 Aides Arrive.” New York Times. June 27, 1947.

  ———. “Bid Open to Soviet.” New York Times. July 4, 1947.

  ———. “Marshall Gives Pledge to France.” New York Times. July 24, 1947.

  ———. “Americans Meet in Paris.” New York Times. August 13, 1947.

  ———. “French Heads Fear a General Strike.” New York Times. November 18, 1947.

  ———. “Schuman Premier as Paris Assembly Backs Him, 412–184.” New York Times. November 23, 1947.

  ———. “E.R.P. Council Asks 50% Cut in Curbs on Mutual Trade.” New York Times. November 3, 1949.

  Cameron, Rob. “Police Close Case on 1948 Death of Jan Masaryk—Murder, Not Suicide.” Radio Prague. January 6, 2004.

  http://www.radio.cz/en/section/curraffrs/police-close-case-on-1948-death-of-jan-masaryk-murder-not-suicide.

  Casey, Nicholas, Jay Solomon, and Joshua Mitnick. “Cease-Fire Brokers Grapple with How to Rebuild Gaza.” Wall Street Journal. July 25, 2014.

  Catledge, Turner. “Our Policy Stated: Welles Says Defeat of Hitler Is Greatest
Task.” New York Times. June 24, 1941.

  Centre Virtuel de la Connaissance sur l’Europe (CVCE). “From the Schuman Plan to the Paris Treaty, 1950–1952.” http://www.cvce.eu/en/unit-content/-/unit/5cc6b004-33b7-4e44-b6db-f5f9e6c01023/678ed16c-b497-41e0-a1b6-d8cb0594f2ef.

  Chabris, Christopher. “When Diplomacy Leads to Betrayal.” Wall Street Journal. February 19, 2016.

  Chenery, Hollis B., and Michael Bruno. “Development Alternatives in an Open Economy: The Case of Israel.” Economic Journal. Vol. 72, No. 285 (March 1962): 79–103.

  Chicago Tribune. “Confirm Fifth U.S. Flyer Died in Yugoslavia.” August 27, 1946.

  Chicago Tribune. “French Strike Spreads; New Cabinet Acts.” November 25, 1947.

  CNN. “Sec. of State Madeleine Albright Press Conference, March 18, 1997.” 1997. http://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/1997/03/18/fdch.albright/.

  Cohen, Roger. “The Case for the Euro: Unshackling Europe to Take on the U.S.” New York Times. September 18, 1997.

  Cormac, John Mac. “Swift Soviet Dash Liberates Prague.” New York Times. May 10, 1945.

  Cortesi, Arnaldo. “Hunt for Plane On.” New York Times. August 20, 1946.

  ———. “Communists Urge Italians to Enlist in a Class War.” New York Times. October 28, 1947.

  ———. “Rome.” New York Times. November 16, 1947.

  ———. “Fear Rises in Italy After Arms Blast.” New York Times. November 17, 1947.

  ———. “Sforza Twits Reds Who Deride U.S. Aid.” New York Times. January 18, 1948.

  Crafts, Nicholas. “Saving the Eurozone: Is a ‘Real’ Marshall Plan the Answer?” The CAGE-Chatham House Series. No. 1 (June 2012).

  ———. “On a ‘Real’ Marshall Plan for Greece.” The Economist. July 2, 2012.

  Crider, John. “Nonpartisan Vote.” New York Times. July 14, 1946.

  Dales, Douglas. “Harriman: Tenacious, Resolute, Public Spirited.” New York Times. October 26, 1954.

  Daly, KerryLynn. “Supporting Corruption and Dictatorship: U.S. Relations with Spain Under Francisco Franco, 1945–1955.” Working paper. Siena College, 2009.

  Daniel, Clifton. “Our Ambassador Behind the Iron Curtain.” New York Times. July 24, 1955.

 

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