by Larry Tagg
350: Only one soldier in ten: Bell Irvin Wiley, The Life of Billy Yank (Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1952), p. 40-43.
350 “with many boldly stating”: Guelzo, Emancipation Proclamation, p. 188.
350 “officers and men swore”: ibid.
350 “The president’s proclamation”: Henry Livermore Abbott, Fallen Leaves: The Civil War Letters of Major Henry Livermore Abbott, Ed. Robert G. Scott (Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 1991), p. 161.
350 “I would like to see”: Letter of February 7, 1863, A. Norton to homefolks, from Wiley, p. 42.
350 Hundreds of deserters a day: Nevins, 1862-1863, p. 367. The monthly desertion rate for 1863 averaged 4,650, and was greatest in January.
350 “getting disgusted”: Letter of January 25, 1863, Joseph Miller to Pvt. William Wilmoth, from Guelzo, Emancipation Proclamation, p. 188.
350 “Military affairs look dark here”: Rhodes, p. 221-2n.
352 “he had not expected much”: Don E. and Virginia E. Fehrenbacher, p. 120.
352 “he doubted”: ibid., p. 356.
352 “My proclamation was to stir the country”: Rice, p. 235-6.
352 “stumbling, faithless, uncertain”: Sandburg, The War Years, p. II: 172.
352 “growing feeble”: Benjamin Brown French, Witness to the Young Republic: A Yankee’s Journal, 1828-1870, Ed. Donald B. Cole and John J. McDonough (Hanover and London: University Press of New England, 1989), p. 417.
352 “Lincoln looks completely worn out”: Letter of January 20, 1863, Roswell Lamson to “Kate”, Roswell H. Lamson, Lamson of the Gettysburg: The Civil War Letter of lieutenant Roswell H. Lamson, U. S. Navy, Ed. James M. McPherson and Patricia R. McPherson (NY: Oxford University Press, 1997), p. 76.
352 “I observe”: Entry of February 6, 1863, from Donald, Lincoln, p. 426.
353 “criticism, reflection”: Albert Gallatin Riddle, Recollections of War Times: Reminiscences of Men and Events in Washington, 1860-1865 (NY: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1895), p. 218.
353 “The lack of respect”: Letter of February 23, 1863, Richard Henry Dana to Thornton K. Lothrop, from Rhodes, p. 210n.
353 “As to the politics of Washington”: Letter of March 9, 1863, Richard Henry Dana to Charles Francis Adams, ibid., p. 210-11n.
353 “the fire in the rear”: Letter of January 17, 1863, Charles Sumner to Francis Lieber, from Donald, Lincoln, p. 419.
Chapter 27: The Rise of the Copperheads
354 “Where, then” and “We are on the eve of civil war”: Letter of January 2, 1863, from Oliver P. Morton, Lincoln, Papers.
355 “They will fight for the flag”: Letter of May 18, 1863, John Sherman to William Sherman, from Voegeli, p. 82.
355 “I am advised”: Rawley, p.121-2.
Page 356 “Resolved”: January 7, 1863, Illinois State Register.
356 “All the [D]emocratic members”: Letter of January 11, 1863, Mercy Conkling to Clinton Conkling, from Guelzo, Emancipation Proclamation, p. 189.
356 “Treason is everywhere”: Gray, p. 126.
357 “There is but one way”: Dubuque Herald, reprinted in January 10, 1863, Davenport Daily Gazette, ibid., p. 122.
357 “You perceive”: Dubuque Herald, reprinted in February 4, 1863, Davenport Daily Gazette, ibid.
357 “Since the war” and all other quotes from county meetings: ibid., p. 123, 125.
358 “It is quite certain”: Letter of January 1, 1863, Benjamin Curtis to Greenough, ibid., p. 130.
358 “My apprehension is”: Samuel S. Cox, Eight Years in Congress (NY: D. Appleton and Company, 1865), p. 283.
358 “At night called to see Mr & Mrs corning”: Entry of January 21, 1862, Browning, p. I: 617.
359 “There is a change”: Letter of February 8, 1863, Murat Halstead to William Sherman, from Williams, Lincoln and the Radicals, p. 281.
359 “It is important”: Telegram of January 31, 1863, from Oliver P. Morton, Lincoln, Papers.
359 “misconstrued a thousand ways”: Lincoln, Works, p. VI: 87.
359 “The Democratic scheme”: Letter of February 9, 1863, from Oliver P. Morton, Lincoln, Papers.
360 “respecting the existance [sic]”: Letter of January 14, 1863, from Henry B. Carrington, ibid.
360 “The few union men”: Letter of January 22, 1863, from W. Holmes, ibid.
361 “it has now Become a Settled fact”: Letter of February 8, 1863, Daniel F. Coffey to John G. Nicolay, ibid.
361 “at least 4 regiments”: Letter of January 30, 1863, from Richard Yates, ibid.
361 “I am sorry that you are engaged”: Gray, p. 133.
361 “come home” ibid., p. 133.
362 “As soon as I get my money”: Letter of January 31, 1863, Stephen A. Miller to his sister, from Wiley, p. 112.
362 “I have just read”: Alan D. Gaff, On Many a Bloody Field: Four Years in the Iron Brigade (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1996), p. 214.
362 5,000 desertions per month in 1863: Klement, p. 75.
362 “A party of soldiers sent to Rush County”: Sandburg, The War Years, p. II: 156.
363 “Since I have lived in Illinois”: Letter of March 5, 1863, from Joseph Medill, Lincoln, Papers.
363 “I can assure you”: Letter of March 6, 1863, from Oliver Morton, ibid.
363 “obliterate state lines”: March 7, 1863, Chatfield Democrat, from Klement, p. 77.
363 “part and parcel”: Smith, Trial by Fire, p. 476.
364 “this law converts the Republic”: ibid., p. 476.
364 “more rigid treatment”: Marvel, Burnside, p. 227.
364 “The habit of declaring sympathy” “General Order No. 38” found at http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=1481
365 “Not a man or a dollar for the war”: Joseph H. Barrett, The Life of Abraham Lincoln (Cincinnati: Moore, Wilstach & Baldwin, 1865), p. 451.
365 “defeat, death, taxation, sepulchres”: Nicolay and Hay, A History, p. VII: 330.
366 “I shall never forget”: Brooks, Washington, D.C., p. 60-61.
Page 366 “You saw those mighty legions, Abe”: Geoffrey Stone, Perilous Times: Free Speech in Wartime from the Sedition Act of 1798 to the War on Terrorism (NY: W.W. Norton & Co., 2004), p. 131.
367 “the tyranny of military despotism”: Donald, Lincoln, p. 420.
367 “a series of fatal steps”: ibid., p. 421.
367 “the man who occupied the Presidential chair”: ibid., p. 420-1.
367 “[Vallandigham’s arrest] interfered”: Nicolay and Hay, A History, p. 342.
367 “every Republican paper”: May 20, 1863, The Crisis, from Harper, p. 244.
367 “the ablest and most influential champions”: ibid., p. 245.
367 “arbitrary and injudicious”: Garrison, p. 199.
368 “I enclose herewith”: Letter of April 7, 1863, from William B. Thomas, Lincoln, Papers.
368 “not by street fighting”: Sidney David Brummer, Political History of New York State During the Period of the Civil War (NY: AMS Press, 1967), p. 313.
369 “Now, if, as is thus proven”: Gray, p. 147.
369 “Freemen, awake!”: Stephenson, p. 310.
369 “men deprived of the right of trial by jury,” etc.: Horace Greeley, The American Conflict: Its Causes, Incidents, and Results (Hartford: O.D. Case & Co., 1866), p. 500.
370 “profoundly repugnant”: July 13, 1863, New York World, ibid., p. 502.
370 “The miscreants at the head,” etc.: July 13, 1863, New York Daily News, ibid.
370 “If a quarter one hears be true”: Entry for July 13, 1863, Strong, p. III: 336.
371 “fitfully from far breaks” and “Red Arson”: Allan Nevins, The War for the Union: The Organized War, 1863-1864 (NY: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1971), p. 123.
371 “The people are waking up”: Entry for July 14, 1863, Strong, p. III: 337.
371 “Everywhere throughout the city”: Nevins, 1863-1864, p. 123.
371 “The law-abiding citizen hangs his head
”: July 14, 1863, New York World.
373 “I cannot, in words, tell you my joy”: Entry of July 7, 1863, Welles, p. I: 364.
Chapter 28: Lincoln Addresses the Nation
374 “[I]f [Lincoln] don’t go forward”: Letter of August 11, 1863, Jesse M. Fell to Lyman Trumbull, from Gray, p. 149.
374 “that the constitution is not in it’s [sic] application”: Lincoln, Works, p. VI: 267.
375 “Must I shoot a simple-minded soldier boy”: ibid., p. VI: 266.
375 “than I am able to believe”: ibid., p. VI: 267.
375 ‘There are those who are dissatisfied”: ibid., p. VI: 406.
375 “[T]he emancipation policy”: ibid., p. VI: 408-9.
375 “Even the Copperhead gnaws upon it”: Sandburg, The War Years, p. II: 382.
375 “the Father of Waters” and “Uncle Sam’s Web-feet”: Lincoln, Works, p. VI: 409.
376 “[Lincoln,] like many of his countrymen”: September 17, 1863, London Evening Standard, from Bloom, p. 46.
376 “You cannot refine Mr. Lincoln’s taste”: Douglas L. Wilson, Lincoln’s Sword: The Presidency and the Power of Words (NY: Alfred A. Knopf, 2006), p. 197.
376 “Thanks for your true and noble letter”: Sandburg, The War Years, p. II: 385.
376 “Sooth to say, our own politicians”: Wilson, p. 195-6.
377 “The Tycoon is in fine whack”: Entry of August 6, 1863, Hay, Lincoln and the Civil War, p. 76.
378 “It is now no longer a question”: August 7, 1863, The Crisis.
378 “Lincoln to Be Declared Perpetual President”: Sandburg, The War Years, p. II: 449.
378 “Thus the mad fanatics”: ibid.
Page 379 “Glory to God”: Waugh, p. 13.
380 “This state has really been carried”: Letter of October 15, 1863, Alfred Denny to John Sherman, from Williams, Lincoln and the Radicals, p. 293.
380 “if it had not been”: Letter of October 24, 1863, V.H. Painter to John Sherman, ibid.
380 “The Democracy fail”: October 14, 1863, Brooklyn Daily Eagle.
“it did not seem to occur”: Angle, p. 444.
“imposing and solemnly impressive”: Letter of November 2, 1863, from David Wills, Lincoln, Papers.
381 “the President in a fine, free way”: Entry of November 20, 1863, Hay, Lincoln and the Civil War, p. 121.
381 “So short a time”: Wilson, p. 226-7.
382 “The President at Gettysburg”: November 23, 1863, Chicago Times, Mitgang, p. 361.
382 “The cheek of every American”: Wilson, p. 229.
382 “We pass over the silly remarks”: Sandburg, The War Years, p. II: 472.
382 “the ceremony was rendered ludicrous”: ibid., p. 474.
383 “a perfect gem”: ibid.
383 “while I remain”: Lincoln, Works, p. VII: 51.
383 “the effect of this paper”: Entry of December 9, 1863, Hay, Lincoln and the Civil War, p. 131.
Part Four: Lincoln’s Reelection
Chapter 29: The 1864 Republican Nomination
385 Sumner’s outburst on House floor: Brooks, Washington, D.C., p. 151.
385 Sumner’s “State Suicide” theory: October 1863, Atlantic Monthly, Charles Sumner, “Our Domestic Relations: Power of Congress over the RebelStates,” The Works of Charles Sumner, 17 vols. (Boston: Lee and Shepard, 1900) p. VII:541.
386 “a silly performance”: Letter of December 19, 1863, William Fessenden to his family, from Williams, Lincoln and the Radicals, p. 302.
387 “[A]t this moment”: August 29, 1863, Harper’s Weekly.
“a comprehensive policy”: September 17, 1864, The Independent, from Williams, Lincoln and the Radicals, p. 292.
“Let the dead bury the dead”: Carpenter, p. 38.
“Conservatives & traitors”: Letter of November 15, 1863, from Zachary Chandler, Lincoln, Works, p. VII: 24.
387 “I am very glad”: Lincoln, Works, p. VII: 24.
388 “There is a strong feeling”: Letter of September 18, 1864, Sumner to Richard Cobden, Charles Sumner, Memoirs and Letters of Charles Sumner, Ed. Edward L. Pierce (NY: Oxford University Press, 1878), p. 199.
388 “infatuation”: Entry of February 12, 1864, Adam Gurowski, Diary, 1863, ‘64, ‘65 (Washington: WH & OH Morrison, 1866), p. 99-100.
388 “taken in” by the “great shifter”: Entry of January 3, 1864, ibid., p. 60.
388 “The best men”: Entry of January 12, 1864, ibid., p. 69.
388 “The people sends”: Entry of April 4, 1864, ibid., p. 159.
388 “It is only just to say”: Sanburg, The War Years, p. II: 566
389 “I am personally attached”: Letter of September 6, 1864, Orville Browning to Edgar Cowan, from Randall, Lincoln the Liberal Statesman, p. 81.
Page 389 “The nation cannot live”: Reprinted in May 18, 1864, The Crisis.
389 “Mr. Lincoln had only one fast friend”: William Frank Zornow, Lincoln & the Party Divided, (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1954), p. 19
389 “Here is a man”: Sandburg, The War Years, p. II: 561-2
389 “The opposition to Mr. Lincoln”: ibid., p. 564
389 “I talked with numerous Representatives”: Shelby Collum, Fifty Years of Public Service (Chicago: A.C. McClurg & Co., 1911), p. 98
390 “I have not yet met one”: Entry of February 4, 1864, Gurowski, 1863-1865, p. 91.
390 “Not a single Senator”: Sandburg, The War Years, p. II: 561.
390 “everybody thinks”: Letter of March 16, 1864, Al Denny to John Sherman, from Donald, Lincoln, p. 494.
390 “The feeling for Mr. Lincoln’s reelection”: Letter of February 6, 1864, Trumbull to H.G. Pike, from Williams, Lincoln and the Radicals, p. 310.
391 “I have seen a great deal”: Letter of May 21, 1862, Chase to Horace Greeley, from Chase, Correspondence, p. III: 203.
391 “The whole state of things”: Letter of May 24, 1862, Chase to Murat Halstead, ibid., p. 204.
391 “There is no cabinet”: Letter of September 20, 1862, Chase to Zachariah Chandler, ibid. , p. 276.
391 “useless”: Entry of September 29, 1863, Chase, Diaries, p. 207.
391 “Chase is a good man”: Entry at beginning of 1863, Hay, Lincoln and the Civil War, p. 53.
391 “I could take no part”: Entry for October 3, 1863, Chase, Diaries, p. 208.
391 “the greatest, the strongest, the boldest”: October 15 and November 5, 1863, from Williams, Lincoln and the Radicals, p. 296.
391 “I’m afraid Mr. Chase’s head”: Entry for October 17, 1863, Bates, p. 310.
391 “There is nothing fixed”: Maihafer, p. 170.
392 “there is an active movement”: Entry of December 28, 1863, Welles, p. I: 498.
392 “You are head and shoulders”: Letter of December 8, 1863, M.F. Conway to Chase, ibid., p. 95.
392 “my opinion”: Letter of December 18, 1863, J.R. Freese to Chase, ibid.
392 “The Next Presidential Election”: Chase, Diaries, p. 24-5.
392 “With an army”: Hedrick, p. 414.
393 “First, that even were the reelection”: Nicolay & Hay, A History, p. VIII: 320.
393 “seems much amused”: Entry of October 28, 1863, Hay, Lincoln and the Civil War, p. 110.
393 “The President fears Chase”: Entry of February 15, 1864, Welles, p. I: 525.
393 “carefully veiled his keen and sometimes bitter resentment”: McClure, p. 136.
394 “A glance at the list of delegates”: May 27, 1864, Albany Atlas and Argus, from Maihafer, p. 210.
394 “the people’s choice”: Donald, Lincoln, p. 480.
394 Indiana state convention: J.G. Randall and Richard Current, Lincoln the President: The Last Full Measure (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1999), p. 122-3.
395 “the fact that the patronage”: Reprinted in February 24, 1864, The Crisis.
395 “Even his honesty”: March 17, 1864, London Times, from Bloom, p. 51.
395 “more dangerous in its
recoil”: Entry of February 22, 1864, Welles, p. I: 529.
396 “while every energy,” etc.: February 24, 1864, New York Tribune, Mitgang, p. 381-384.
396 “Lincoln has some very weak and foolish traits”: Waugh, p. 118.
396 “I regret very much”: ibid., p. 119.
Page 396 “not out of the woods”: Letter of February 28, 1864, Greeley to Beman Brockway, from Williams, Lincoln and the Radicals, p. 312-313.
397 “The Next President”: Brownson’s Quarterly Review (April 1864). For more information, see http://orestesbrownson.com/index.php?id=361
398 “the imbecile and vacillating policy”: Nicolay and Hay, A History, p. IX: 30.
398 “We propose before ostracizing honest Abe”: Sandburg, The War Years, p. III: 71-2.
399 “This is not an ordinary election”: Nicolay and Hay, A History, p. IX: 41-2.
400 “proved a failure”: Randall & Current, p. 43.
400 “Mr. Lincoln is a joke incarnated”: Randall, Mr. Lincoln, p. 303.
401 “Better cringe under the sternest despotism”: Sandburg, The War Years, p. II: 579.
401 “In the knots of two or three”: ibid., p. 581.
401 “No influence except compulsion”: May 18, 1864, New York Daily News, from Harper, p. 117.
401 “wire-pullers and bottle-washers”: Sandburg, The War Years, p. II: 70.
401 “that self-constituted and irresponsible gathering”: Waugh, p. 145.
401 “What a chill”: Entry of June 9, 1864, Gurowski, Diary, 1863-1865, p. 251.
402 “The Baltimore Convention”: Entry for June 10, 1864, Bates, p. 374-5.
402 “I, A. Lincoln”: June 11, 1864, Chicago Times, from Sandburg, The War Years, p. II: 100.
402 “The politicians”: June 10, 1864, from Maihafer, War of Words, p. 179.
402 “The age of statesmen is gone”: ibid., p. 183.
402 “We’re coming Father Abraham”: Reprinted in June 19, 1864, The Crisis.
402 “We cannot but feel”: June 9, 1864, New York Tribune, Mitgang, p. 402.
403 “The Baltimore Convention was largelya mob”: Sandburg, The War Years, p. II: 101.
Chapter 30: The Fall and the Temptation
404 “show business”: Sandburg, The War Years, p. IV: 262.
404 “is pervaded with a feeling”: Furgurson, p. 299.
404 “All Washington is a great hospital”: ibid.
