The Battles that Made Abraham Lincoln
Page 71
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Williams, Kenneth. Lincoln Finds a General. 5 vols. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1985.
Williams, T. Harry. Lincoln and the Radicals. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1965.
Lincoln and His Generals. NY: Alfred A. Knopf, 1952.
Wilson, Douglas L. Lincoln’s Sword: The Presidency and the Power of Words. NY: Alfred A. Knopf, 2006.
Winik, Jay. April 1865: The Month That Saved America. NY: Harper Collins, 2001.
Zornow, William Frank. Lincoln & the Party Divided. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1954.
Index
1861 Annual Message to Congress, 239
1862 Annual Message to Congress, 333
1862 elections, 329-331
1863 Annual Message to Congress, 385-386, 392, 508n
1864 Annual Message to Congress, 443
1864 elections, 437-438
1864 Republican nomination, 388, 395-396, 399-400, 402-403, 412-417
Abbot, Henry, 350
abolition, 34, 37, 40, 44, 77, 83-84, 86, 218, 241, 254, 286, 291, 321, 328, 357-358, 382, 400, 407, 410
Abolitionism, 73, 211, 321
abolitionist, 12, 43-48, 50, 73-75, 77-78, 83-84, 115, 147, 166, 204, 208, 210, 212, 226, 238, 240, 260, 263, 267, 278, 291-293, 296, 298-301, 306, 315, 319, 323, 326, 328, 334, 343-345, 352, 355, 361-362, 389, 399, 411, 425, 430, 464
Adams, Charles Francis, 135, 155, 158, 163, 171, 353
Adams, Jr., Charles Francis, 109-110, 136, 143
Adams, Henry, 90, 99, 101-102, 138, 143, 152, 155-157
Adams, President John, 14, 18, 36, 41
Adams, President John Q., 19
“Age of Jackson,” 9, 24-25, 28, 30, 40, 43, 50-51, 58
Albany Atlas and Argus, 69, 75
Albany Evening Journal, 56, 115, 147
Alexandria (Virginia) Gazette, 181
Alien and Sedition Acts, 11
American Party (see also “Know-Nothing Party”), 75
American Revolution, 34
Ames, Mary Clemmer, 127
Amnesty and Reconstruction Proclamation, 406-407
“Anaconda Plan,” 203
Anderson, Maj. Robert, 160, 168, 170
Andrew, Governor John A., 295-296, 310, 314, 333, 388, 416
Anthony, Susan B., 286, 444
Antietam, Battle of, 311, 323, 332, 380, 425
Anti-Masonic Party, 75
Anti-Slavery Society, 224, 241
Appomattox Court House, Virginia, 453
Ariel, USS, 280
Army Board, 267
Army of the Potomac, 245, 262-264, 267, 269-271, 273, 276, 278, 306, 309, 311, 322, 332, 334, 349, 350, 364, 366, 373, 404, 409, 425, 452
Army of Virginia, 281
Arnold, Isaac, 389, 353
Aspinwall, William, 425
Association of the Democratic Editors of the State of New York, 250
Astor, John Jacob, 425
Atlanta Campaign, 406, 428, 439
Atlanta Southern Confederacy, 84
Atlantic Monthly, 11, 315, 385
Bagehot, Walter, 41
Baker, Col. Edward, 236
Baldwin, John B., 177
Ball’s Bluff, Battle of, 236-237, 243
Baltimore American, 69
Baltimore Convention, 398, 401-403, 437
Baltimore Exchange, 144, 251
Baltimore Riots, 187, 189-192, 195-197, 199-201, 248
Baltimore Sun, 3-4, 111, 118, 196; “Mobtown,” 1; Lincoln smuggled through, 1-3, 16; plan to assassinate Lincoln, 2
Bancroft, George, 278, 331
Bangor (Maine) Democrat, 247, 250, 366
Banks, Gen. Nathaniel, 253, 267, 273-274, 281, 305
Barbour, James, 151
Barlow, Francis, 205
Barlow, Samuel L.M., 269, 275, 306, 425-426
Barnard, Gen. John G., 263
Barnwell, William H., 34
Barton, Clara, 141
Bates, Edward, 57-61, 64-65, 67, 69-70, 169, 224, 232, 235, 237, 255, 261, 309, 402; picked for Lincoln’s cabinet, 166-167; Baltimore riots, 191; Lincoln is unequal to his duties, 245-246; McClellan restored to command, 310; Emancipation Proclamation, 314, 342; Chase wants to run for President, 391
Bayard, Senator James A., 479n
Beecher, Henry Ward, 34, 54, 287, 308, 387, 391, 414, 460, 464-465
Bell, John, 77, 82
Belmont, August, 99, 424-425
Bennett, James Gordon, 27, 248, 400, 402, 412, 427
Bigelow, John, 204-205, 218
Birney, James, 399
“Black Easter,” 461, 465, 467
“Black Republican Party,” 16, 34, 73, 77
Blackford, William W., 182
Blair, Governor Austin, 8, 71
Blair, Sr., Francis P., 179, 220
Blair, Jr., Frank, 219, 289, 292
Blair, Montgomery, 158, 169, 179, 219, 259, 260, 271, 292, 310, 406, 413, 417; picked for Lincoln’s cabinet, 166-167; gagging of Democratic newspapers, 251-252; Emancipation Proclamation, 314, 342; Com mittee of Nine meeting, 338; resigns, 429
Blenker’s division, 265-266
Booth, Edwin, 159
Booth, John Wilkes, 457, 468-469
Border States, 57, 82, 138, 144, 150, 156, 158-159, 166, 179, 180-182, 184, 198, 201, 203, 211, 218, 241, 254, 291, 293, 296-297, 299, 302, 340, 342, 379
Boston Advertiser, 156
Boston Courier, 69, 96
Boston Evening Courier, 467
Boston Pioneer, 415
Boston Post, 69
Botts, John, 180
Bowles, Samuel, 110, 145
Brady, Matthew, 80
Breck, Lt. George, 322
Breckinridge, John C., 77, 82
British Spectator, 11
Brodhead, John, 101
Brooklyn Daily Eagle, 8, 249, 251, 272, 279, 288, 295, 380, 432
Brooks, James, 324, 338
Brooks, Noah, 366, 404-406, 408-409, 412, 417, 437-438, 444-445, 447, 451-452, 454-455, 459-460
Brooks, Preston, 75
Brough, John, 377, 379
Brown, John, 50, 56-57, 77, 83, 88, 164, 179-181, 296
Brown, Mayor George W., 191-192, 201, 213, 253
Browning, Senator Orville, 224-225, 261, 277, 294, 324, 327, 337-338, 346-347, 350, 352, 358, 389
Brownson, Orestes, 340, 396-397
Bryant, William Cullen, 52, 55, 226, 329, 396
Buchanan, President James, 27, 29, 33, 41, 51, 76, 80, 103, 118, 139-140, 146, 153, 155, 157, 162, 166, 171, 188-190, 208, 241, 412
Bull Run, First Battle of, 210, 216-218, 222, 227, 239, 243, 249, 260, 281, 291, 307
Bull Run, Second Battle of, 307-309
Burnham, J. H., 122
Burnside, Gen. Ambrose, 272, 332-334, 337, 364-365
Bushnell, Horace, 31
Butler, Gen. Benjamin, 248, 278, 390, 396, 413, 416, 426, 437, 446, 452, 457
Calhoun, John C., 12, 21, 27, 45
Cameron, Simon, 58, 61-62, 64, 67, 158, 169, 213, 237, 251; picked for Lincoln’s cabinet, 166-167; poor choice as Secretary of War, 202; McClellan, 232; inadequate as Sec. of War, 238; orders arrest of Baltimore police board, 248, 253; absent from war councils, 256-257; replaced by Lincoln, 257, 259; 1864 Republican nomination, 394, 419; replaced as party boss, 436
Campbell, John A., 174, 177, 181, 453
Campbell, Lewis D., viii, 440
Carlyle, Thomas, 11
Carpenter, Francis, 132, 485n-486n
Carr, Clark E., 380-381
Carrington, Henry B., 360, 364
Cass, Lewis, 27
Cedar Creek, Battle of, 430, 437
Chancellorsville, Battle of, 310, 366, 383
Chandler, William E., 394
Chandler, Zachariah, 115, 204, 213, 218, 223, 228, 235-237, 242-243, 257, 265, 336, 387, 391, 407, 428-430, 446, 462
Charleston Courier, 73, 170
Charleston Mercury,
29, 39, 73, 82-83, 87, 111, 144, 170
Charleston, South Carolina, 88, 163-164, 167, 170, 174-175, 178-181, 366
Chase, Salmon P., 67, 69, 135, 137, 158, 164, 171, 196-197, 202, 207, 222, 256, 259; radical anti-slavery wing of the Republican Party, 57; picked for Lincoln’s cabinet, 166-167; Baltimore riots, 192; Treasury is broke, 246; recommends Stanton as Sec. of War, 257; trying to get McClellan to move, 260; public losing respect for Lincoln, 278; Emancipation Proclamation, 299, 304, 315, 342-343; Second Bull Run, 308; working on regime change, 308; McClellan restored to command, 309; plotting coup against Lincoln, 309-310; anti-Seward stance, 337; Committee of Nine meeting, 338-339; offers resignation, 339; Lincoln declines resignation, 340; 1864 Republican nomination, 388, 411, 416; wants to run for President, 390-393, 395-396; Pomeroy Circular, 392-393; offers resignation, 406 Chattanooga, Battle of, 383, 404-405
Chesnut, Mary, 87, 113
Chicago Democratic Convention, 416
Chicago Evening Journal, 289
Chicago Times, 144-145, 223, 226, 238, 253-254, 318, 345, 357, 382, 400-402, 450, 467
Chicago Tribune, 7, 52, 59, 61, 89, 105, 137, 144, 186, 210, 222, 240, 243, 299, 334, 349, 411, 414, 468
Child, Lydia Maria, 286, 440
Cincinnati Commercial, 62, 239, 331
Cincinnati Daily Enquirer, 54, 128, 200, 249, 378, 402
Cincinnati Daily Times, 171
Cincinnati Gazette, 226, 359, 414
City Point, Virginia, 451-453
Clay, Cassius, 188
Clay, Henry, 12, 22, 27-28, 218, 289, 292, 301, 399
Clemens, Sherrard, 134
Cleveland Four Hundred, 399
Cobb, T.R.R., 143
Cochrane, John, 329, 398
Cold Harbor, Battle of, 403, 405
Colfax, Schuyler, 224
Collamer, Jacob, 67
Collum, Shelby, 389
Columbus Crisis, 357, 377
Columbus Daily Capital City Fact, 171
Combe, George, 25, 40
Committee of Nine, 337-338
Commodore, 268
Compromise of 1850, 37, 88
Confiscation Act, 217-218, 221, 225, 238, 250, 254, 297, 299, 302
Conkling, Edgar, 413
Conkling, James C., 375
Conscription Act of March 3, 1863, viii, 363-364, 370
Constitutional Convention, 36
Constitutional Union Party, 77
Cooper Union, 55, 80, 90, 93, 141, 226, 369, 380, 398, 426
“Copperheads,” 356-357, 361, 365, 367-369, 372-373, 375, 377-378, 382, 387, 427, 465, 467
Corning Democrats, 374
Corning, Erastus, 374-375
Corwin, Tom, 67-68
Cotton States, 83, 88, 94, 97, 115, 150-152, 157, 170, 175-176, 183-184, 355
Cox, Samuel “Sunset,” 358
Crawford, Martin J., 169-170
The Crisis, 291-293, 319, 340, 345, 367, 378, 411, 443, 468
Crittenden Compromise, 101-102, 149, 155
Crittenden Resolution, 241
Crittenden, John J., 101-102, 182, 217
Crook, William, 458, 460
Cross Keys, Battle of, 274
Curtin, Andrew, 64
Curtis, Benjamin R., 347, 358
Curtis, George W., 315
Cutler, William P., 349
Dahlgren, Adm. John, 246, 352
Daily Chicago Herald, 66
Dallas Herald, 468
Dana, Charles, 409, 436, 438
Dana, Richard Henry, 353
Davenport Democrat, 145
Davis, David, 59, 62, 64
Davis, Garrett, 218, 407-408
Davis, Henry Winter, 158, 240, 333, 347, 406-407, 412-413, 416, 418, 422, 429-430, 440, 443-444, 462
Davis, Jefferson, 3, 46, 107, 114, 164, 177, 187, 192, 208, 228, 235-236, 242, 244, 252, 300, 360, 370, 420-422, 463-464, 466
Dawes, Henry, 8, 34
de Tocqueville, Alexis, 20, 39-40, 116, 285-286
Declaration of Independence, 6, 200
Delahay, M.W., 424
Democracy in America, 20
Democratic National Committee, 424
Democratic Convention of 1860, 33, 424, 426-427
Democratic Party, 21-22, 26, 32, 38, 44, 51, 54, 77, 138, 166, 179, 355, 425, 427, 464
Democratic Standard, 250
Democratic Union Association, 324
Detroit Free Press, 324, 357, 390
Dicey, Edward, 11, 122-123, 127, 279, 287-288
Dickens, Charles, 15, 24, 26
Dix, Gen. Jacob, 253
Dix, Gen. John, 102, 205
Dodge, William L., 117
Donaldson, Capt. Francis, 128
Doniphan, Alexander, 134
Doolittle, Senator James R., 347
Douglas, Stephen A., 12, 51-54, 75, 77, 82, 88, 126, 155-156, 170, 380
Douglass, Frederick, 216, 287, 289-290, 296, 300-301, 303, 314, 344-345, 449
Dow, Neal, 170
Dred Scott decision, 37, 43, 76, 83, 200, 288, 347
Dummer, Henry E., 132
Early, Gen. Jubal A., 144, 408-410, 430, 437
Election of 1864, 424, 426-432, 435-438
Elements of Military Art and Science, 305
Ellis, John W., 182
Ellsworth, Col. Elmer, 205
Emancipation Proclamation, viii, 225, 282, 285, 291-292, 311, 313-319, 321-323, 326-328, 333-334, 337, 340-358, 365, 375, 381, 383, 420-421, 444
Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 40, 71, 344, 376
Everett, Edward, 110, 380
Ewing, Thomas, 326, 347, 350
Farnsworth, John, 443
Federal Militia Act, 324
Federalist Party, 18
Fell, Jesse, 65
Fessenden, Senator William Pitt, 162-163, 265, 324, 386, 406, 464
Field, David Dudley, 329, 416, 422, 426
Fillmore, President Millard, 29, 41
Fisher, Sidney George, 71
Fitzhugh, George, 48
Forbes, J.M., 340
Ford’s Theatre, 460
Forsyth, John, 169-170
Fort Delaware, Delaware, 468
Fort Donaldson, Tennessee, 271
Fort Hamilton, New York, 249
Fort Henry, Tennessee, 271
Fort Jefferson, Florida, 160
Fort Lafayette, New York, 324, 432
Fort McHenry, Maryland, 199-200, 248, 253
Fort Monroe, Virginia, 265-266, 306
Fort Pickens, Florida, 160, 170, 175-176
Fort Stevens, Maryland, 409
Fort Sumter, South Carolina, viii, 88, 160, 165, 167-171, 173-175, 177, 239, 248, 281, 346, 408, 460
Fort Sumter, fall of, 151, 178-179, 181-182, 185, 211-212, 216
Fort Taylor, Florida, 160
Fort Warren, Massachusetts, 365
Founding Fathers, vii, 10, 17-19, 23, 36, 43, 82, 93, 382
Fox, Gustavus, 175-176, 261
Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper, 364
Franklin, Benjamin, 36
Franklin, Gen. William B., 256, 259
Fredericksburg, Battle of, 334, 337, 349, 364
Free Soil Party, 75
Frémont, Gen. John C., 67, 220-224, 238, 244, 267, 272, 274, 281, 305, 311, 333, 390, 396-399, 411, 429-430, 452; replaced by Lincoln, 225-227; McClellan’s contempt for, 234; Lincoln repudiates his emancipation proclamation, 254; Mountain Department, 265-266; emancipation proclamation, 291, 296
French, Benjamin B., 352
Fugitive Slave Law, 12, 37-39, 83
Fuller, Reverend R.F., 196, 456
Gadsden Purchase, 98
Garfield, Gen. James A., 114, 349
Garrison, William Lloyd, 43-44, 46, 73, 224, 240, 293, 296, 301, 304, 334, 344-345
Gettysburg Address, 381-383, 387, 449
Gettysburg, Battle of, 369, 373-374, 380-381
Giddings, Joshua, 212
Gilmer, John A., 103, 144, 180
Gilmore, Governor Joseph A., 394
God
win, Parke, 416
Goldwater, Barry, 82
Gould, Jay, 101
Grant, Gen. Ulysses S., 261, 271-272, 276, 305, 373, 390, 396, 403-405, 409, 426, 436, 442, 451-454
Greeley, Horace, 52, 55, 57, 63, 65, 79, 94-95, 102, 129-130, 138, 141, 179, 205-206, 209, 213, 221-222, 236, 240, 242, 244, 278, 289, 301-304, 315, 348, 374, 391, 396, 398, 402, 411-412, 414-416, 428, 450-451, 472-473
Grimes, Senator James W., 239, 411, 427, 462
Grinnell, Moses, 99, 116
Gurowski, Count Adam, 165, 196, 204, 206, 216, 228, 235, 245, 260, 278, 293-295, 299, 310, 314, 333, 388-389, 401, 422, 427-428, 440, 462, 465
Hale, John P., 349
Halleck, Gen. Henry, 225, 239, 272, 322, 364, 409; ordered to Washington, 281; Elements of Military Art and Science, 305; promoted to Generalin-Chief, 305-306; Halleck orders McClellan to leave the Peninsula, 306-307
Halstead, Murat, 62-63, 65-68, 359, 391
Hamilton, Gen. Schuyler, 417
Hamlin, Hannibal, 137, 157, 316, 336, 345
Hampton Roads Conference, 445-446
Hancock, John, 11
Hanks, John, 60
Harpers Ferry, Virginia, 57, 188, 206, 408
Harper’s Weekly, 4, 33, 86, 186, 216, 270, 272, 335, 387, 435, 465
Harris, Isham G., 183
Harrisburg Daily Patriot and Union, 110
Harrison, President William H., 22-23, 38, 79
Harrison’s Landing Letter, 425-426
Harrison’s Landing, Virginia, 276-277, 280, 282, 305
Hartford Convention, 11
Hartford Times, 144
Hawthorne, Nathaniel, 123-124, 127, 211
Hay, John, 14, 132, 135, 174, 190, 193-194, 198, 202-203, 233, 237, 265, 291, 321, 328, 377, 383, 393, 408, 413-414, 437-438, 485n, 508n
Heintzelman, Gen. Samuel, 233, 263, 270
Henry, Patrick, 12
Herbert, J.K., 412-413, 429
Herndon, William, 104, 109, 123-125, 130, 133-134, 179, 222, 485n
Hickman, John, 294
Hitchcock, Gen. Ethan Allen, 267-268
Hoadly, George, 222
Hoar, Rockwood, 204
Hodges, Albert G., 444
Holden, William, 180
Holmes, Oliver Wendell, 229, 344, 462
Holmes, Jr., Capt. Oliver Wendell, 349, 409
Holmes, W., 360
Holt, Joseph, 324
Hood, Gen. John B., 405
Hooker, Gen. Joseph, 333, 366
Hoover, President Herbert, 82
Houston Telegraph, 469
Howard, F. Key, 251, 253
Howard, Jr., Joseph, 4
Howe, Julia Ward, 237