No Beast So Fierce
Page 25
Corbett lead of, 157–58
Corbett’s arrival in, 184–87, 194
Corbett’s departure from, 230–31
history of, 184–85
as “home base” of tiger, 158, 192–93
Champawat Tiger, 1–2
Corbett’s bad dreams about, 200–201
death tally, 1, 28–29, 30–32, 245–46, 248–54
death tally estimates of Corbett, 24, 30, 31, 179
documentary evidence of, 24–26, 28–29, 28n, 49–50, 245–46
factors determining, 4–5
first taste of flesh, 21, 22–24
“home base” of, 82–83, 158, 192–93
hunt for. See Champawat Tiger hunt
kills
Champawat environs, 169, 170–71, 204–6
Pali environs, 134, 137–38, 139–40, 148
Premka Devi, 201–9, 202n
Rupal, 49–50, 192–93
patterns of killing, 37–38, 168–70, 189–90
reasons for killing, 37, 77–78, 82–83
skin of, 229–31, 253–54
territorial range, 51–52, 77–78, 82–83, 168, 169, 191–94
Champawat Tiger hunt, 125–254
Corbett and the beat (bagh shikar), 212–13, 215–22
Corbett devises a plan to track, 211–13
Corbett face-to-face with tiger, 224–25
Corbett first learns of, 89–92
Corbett request to kill the tiger, 126–28
Corbett request accepted, 128, 133–34
Corbett’s arrival in Champawat, 184–87, 194
Corbett’s arrival in Pali, 137–41
Corbett’s encounter with travelers, 170–72
Corbett sets out for hunt, 134, 135–37
Corbett’s false leads about tiger, 195–97
Corbett’s firearms, 202–3
Corbett’s first encounter and chase, 209–11
Corbett’s first night watch in Pali, 141–45
Corbett’s ghooral hunt, 149–52
Corbett’s gunshots, 209, 221–24, 225
Corbett’s knowledge of tigers, 140–41, 145–46, 153–54
Corbett’s preconditions for hunt, 128–29
Corbett’s procession display of tiger, 228–30
Corbett’s search for leads, 156–58
Corbett’s second night in Pali, 145
death of tiger, 224–25, 227–28
map, xi
Pali kill site, 151–58, 190–91
Corbett’s inspection of, 154–56, 190–91
Rana large-scale hunt attempt, 82–86
Wildblood’s attempt, 123, 127, 246–47
Champion, F. W., 238
Chand dynasty, 184–85
Chandni Chauk, 159–60
Charan, Ram, 33
Chastel, Jean, 29
Chaudhari, 67, 69, 73
Chicago Field Museum, 29
China trade, 98, 166, 241–42
Chital deer, 18, 21, 117–18, 162
Chitwania Tharu, 55
Chitwan National Park
creation of, 34, 36n
reasons for tiger attacks, 5, 34–37
tiger attacks, 5, 34–37, 42–43, 77
tiger range, 75
Chola dynasty, 95
Chowgarh Tigers, 234
Chuka Man-Eater of 1937, 234
Churails, 159
Churaini, 26
CIE (Companion of the Indian Empire), 236
“Civilization,” 104
Climate change, 5
Colonialism. See also British in India
attitudes toward tigers, 104–8
post-colonial ecologies, 3
role in man-eaters, 4–5
Colonial narratives, 183–84
Columbus, Christopher, 97
Continental collision, 52–53
Corbet, Peter, 121
Corbett, Christopher William, 175–79, 179n
Corbett, Edward James “Jim,” 3–4, 89–93
bachelorhood of, 240
background of, 173–83
Berthoud and, 126–28, 134, 199–200, 251
celebrated hunts of, 234–35
conservation of Indian wildlife and, 3, 238–39, 241
death of, 241
departure from India, 239–40
early life of, 92, 93, 129, 133–34, 150, 183
first gun of, 159, 161, 181
the hunt. See Corbett, Edward James “Jim,” the hunt
in Kenya, 239–40
knowledge of tigers, 76, 93, 140–41, 145–46, 153–54, 233–34
Knowles and, 89–92
Kunwar’s tutelage of, 159–67, 181
legacy of, 241–43
legend of, 233–37
Man-Eaters of Kumaon, 198–99, 200–201, 223–24, 235–36, 237, 246, 252
marksman skills of, 150
paternalism of, 132–33
“politics” in writing of, 183–84
railway job of, 115, 125–26, 235
titles and accolades, 236–37
Corbett, Edward James “Jim,” the hunt, 183–231
arrival in Champawat, 184–87, 194
arrival in Pali, 137–41
bad dreams about hunt, 200–201
the beat (bagh shikar) and, 212–13, 215–22
death of tiger, 224–25, 227–28
death tally of tiger, 24, 30, 31, 179
departure from Champawat, 230–31
devises a plan to track, 211–13
encounter with travelers, 170–72
face-to-face with tiger, 224–25
false leads about tiger, 195–97
firearms for hunt, 202–3
first encounter and chase, 209–11
first learns of tiger from Knowles, 89–92
first night watch in Pali, 141–45
ghooral hunt, 149–52
gunshots, 209, 221–24, 225
inspection of Champawat kill site, 204–6
knowledge of tiger, 168–70
map, xi
Nainital hunt companions of, 141, 147–48, 149, 153–54, 171, 183–84, 196, 196n, 215, 230–31
Pali kill site, 151–58
inspection of, 154–56, 190–91
preconditions for hunt, 128–29
procession display of tiger, 228–30
pugmarks of tiger, 10, 145, 147, 154, 198
request to hunt tiger, 126–28
request accepted for hunt, 128, 133–34
search for leads, 156–58
second night in Pali, 145
sets out for hunt, 134, 135–37
skinning of tiger, 229–31
Corbett, Harriet, 173–75
Corbett, Joseph, 173–75
Corbett, Maggie, 197, 236, 239
Corbett, Mary Jane Doyle, 177–79
Corbett, Thomas Bartholomew, 159, 177, 179
Cordite, 202, 203, 209, 222
Creation myths, 94–95
Crocodiles, 19, 30
Cummings, Gordon, 109
Dabidhura, 136–37
Da Gama, Vasco, 9, 97
Dansay, 159
Day, John, 100–102
Dease, Stephen, 159
Deer, 18, 21, 116–17, 117–18, 162
Deer and the Tiger, The (Schaller), 18, 75, 189–91, 192
Defensive attacks, 10–12, 40–41, 164, 203, 233–34
Deforestation, 5, 52, 72, 80, 114–17
Devi, Premka, 201–9, 202n
Dhari, 136
Dhunaghat, 170
Doti kingdom, 173
Dudhwa Tiger Reserve, 19
Durga, 15, 94
Dutch India, 98
Dwyer, Michael, 173–74
Eardley-Wilmot, Sainthill, 127–28
East India Company
in India, 64, 98–100, 102–4, 110–13, 129–30
Joseph Corbett and, 173, 175, 176
in Nepal, 64–66, 70
Ecological disaster, 2, 4–5. See also Habitat destruction
Edward
I of England, 121
Elephant grass, 54, 81
Elephant gun, 202–3
Elephant husbandry, 61–64
Elephants, 19, 61–64
Elephant stable (hattisar), 22–24, 34, 63–64, 74
Elephas maximus, 61–64
Elizabeth I of England, 98
Elizabeth II of England, 70–71, 235
Environmental disaster, 2, 4–5. See also Habitat destruction
Eurasian Plate, 52
Eurocentrism, 3, 104
Extinction, 5, 13, 14, 120–21, 225, 242
Felids, 13
Felinae, 13
Firearms, 130–32
Firearms ban, 130–31, 180–83, 217–18
First Anglo-Afghan War, 175
Fitch, Ralph, 97–98
Forensic Science International, 39
Funeral rites, 26–27, 45, 148
Gandaki River, 61–62
Ganges River, 54, 125, 133, 239–40
Gaur bison, 12, 21, 190
George V of England, 71
George VI of England, 236–37
Ghar gurau, 58
Ghonghi snails, 56
Ghoorals, 149–52, 184
Gir National Park, 13
Gorkha Kingdom, 53–54, 61, 64–66, 112–13
Grass husbandry, 56
Grasslands, 117–18
Grazing restrictions, 36, 116
Grendel, 171–72, 201
Guinness Book of World Records, 2
Gun laws, 130–31, 180–83, 196n, 217–18
Gurau, xiii, 26, 27, 57–59
relationship to tigers, 26–27, 58–59
Gurkhas, 1, 65–66, 70–71, 85, 91–92
Gurney House, 179n, 252–53
Gurung, Bhim Bahadur, 35, 37
Gustave (crocodile), 30
Habitat destruction, 4–5, 11, 13, 36–38, 46–47, 51–52, 74, 80, 113–17, 234, 237–38, 242
Hailey National Park, 238, 241
Harappan dynasty, 95
Hasinger, David, 15
Hattisar, 22–24, 34, 63–64, 74
Hemingway, Ernest, 51
Henry VIII of England, 97
Hewett, J. P., 231, 247
Hieun-Tsang, 95
Himalayas
culture of, 53–61
map, xi
name of, 53
origins and geology of, 52–53
Hinduism
creation myths, 94–95
divinity of tiger, 15, 94–95
funeral rites, 148
Sanskrit and, 53
Holland & Holland Magnum .375, 132
Human predation, 29–30, 32–34
Human-tiger conflict, 2, 9–11, 20. See also Tiger attacks
Rana and, 74–75
stigma of attacks, 26–28
Tharu belief system, 25–27
Ibbotson, William “Ibby,” 253
India, British in (British Raj), 18, 97–116
attitude and mentality, 129–31
attitudes toward tigers, 104–8
“civilizing” mission, 104, 113, 130
mandate to “tame” the wilderness, 120–21
tiger hunts, 100–106, 109–10, 128–29, 130–31
Indian Arms Act of 1878, 180–83, 217–18
Indian Forest Act of 1878, 115–16, 160
Indian independence, 238–39
Indian Rebellion of 1857, 113, 129–30, 131, 176–81, 186, 239
Indian tectonic plate, 52–53
Indo-Aryan peoples, 53–54
Indochinese tigers, 14
Inglis, James, 191–92, 215–16
Ireland, 173–74, 184
Irish Rebellion of 1798, 173
Irish Rebellion of 1799, 174
Irish Rebellion of 1803, 174
Irrigation, 54, 56, 114
Jahangir, 96–97, 98, 109
Javan tigers, 13, 242
Jersey Shore shark attacks of 1916, 29–30
Jhansi, 177
Jim Corbett National Park, 241
tiger attacks, 19, 32–33, 251–52
Jim Corbett of Kumaon (Kala), 253
Jimidar, 73
Jogi Pothi (tiger), 45–46
John Rigby & Company, 231, 247–48
Jungle fox, 162
Jungle Lore (Corbett), 236
Kabul Expedition, 175
Kala, D. C., 253
Kaladhungi, 178–79, 240
Corbett’s early life in, 91, 92, 93, 133, 150, 160
Kalu Singh Mahara, 179–80, 218
Kamaiya, 73
Kanda Man-Eater, 234
Kanha National Park, 75
Karanth, K. Ullas, 31, 242
Kathmandu Central Zoo, 35, 43, 77
Kaziranga National Park, 11–12, 16, 19
Kenya, Corbett’s move to, 239–40
Khan, Bahadur, 196n
Kingdom of Mysore, 102–4
Kinloch, George, 65–66, 112
Kipling, Rudyard, 15, 130, 186–87
Knowles, Eddie, 89–92, 125, 127
Kochila Tharu, 55
Kodiak bears, 17
Komodo dragons, 30
Kot massacre, 69
Kumaon district, 3, 112–20
agriculture and forestry policy, 113–18, 120, 135–36, 137, 184
British Raj and, 71, 90 113–20, 135–36, 173, 174
Corbett’s early life in, 133–34, 150, 159–61
Independent India and, 179–80
map, xi
Nepalese invasion and defeat, 112–13, 173
tiger hunting, 128–29
Kumaoni language, 90, 139, 149, 213, 231
Kurmavtar, 184–85
Lal mohar, 67, 69, 73, 216
Leeds, William, 97–98
Leopards, 13, 20, 45, 58, 196–97
Leopard attacks, 30, 45, 118, 197, 234, 236
Leopard of Rudraprayag, 197, 234, 236
Licchavi (kingdom), 61–62
Linlithgow, Victor Hope, 2nd Marquess of, 235, 252
Lions, 13
Tsavo Man-Eaters, 29, 253
Lucky Bhale (tiger), 77
Lumbini, 60
McDougal, Charles, 9–10
Machairodontinae, 13
Madanpur tiger attack of 1979, 42–43
Madi Valley tiger attack, 45–46
Mahabharata, 93–94
Malabar Coast, 97
Malaria, 52, 54–55, 55, 60, 64, 68–69
Malayan tigers, 14
Malla dynasty, 53
Manadeva, 61–62
Mandua, 114
Man-Eater of Champawat. See Champawat Tiger
Man-Eaters of Kumaon (Corbett), 198–99, 200–201, 223–24, 235–36, 237, 246, 252
Man-eating Leopard of Rudraprayag (Corbett), 236
Mannlicher rifle, 132
Marlowe, Christopher, 98
Martini-Henry rifles, 34, 135, 150, 179, 196, 202, 238
Martuki, 26
Masine matwali, 72–73
Miacids, 12–13, 52
Milton, John, 98
Mishra, Hemanta, 42–46
Mohan Man-Eater, 234
Mohumad, Jamal, 47–48
Mokameh Ghat, 125, 235
Monsoon, 54, 114, 153
Mornaula, 136
Mount Kilimanjaro, 51
Mughal Empire, 62, 95–99, 102, 109, 186
Muluki Ain, 72–73
Munro, Hugh, 103, 106
Muskets, 131–32
Muzzle velocity, 203
My India (Corbett), 236
Nagpur tiger attack, 39–41
Nainital
Christopher Corbett in, 178
Corbett’s business investments in, 126, 128
Corbett’s hunt companions from, 141, 147–48, 149, 153–54, 171, 183–84, 196, 196n, 215, 230–31
Narayani River, 77
Narmada River Valley, 109
National Basketball Association (NBA), 29
Nepal
history of, 64–75, 112–13
map, xi
Nepal Terai Arc Landscape (TAL), 241
Nightingale, Geoffrey, 109
“Noble savage,” 90
Northern Ireland, 173–74, 184
Northwest Provinces, 71, 113
OBE (Order of the British Empire), 236
Opium, 166
Oriental Field Sports, 105, 110–11
Oxford University Press, 235–36
Pack animals, 205
Pagari, 63–64
Pahari cuisine, 145
Pahari people, 80–81, 112
architecture, 134n
Corbett’s early life and, 93
forestry policy and, 116, 135–36
malaria and terai, 54–55
map, xi
tigers and, 119–20, 144
Paleocene Epoch, 52
Pali, 134n, 137–48
Corbett’s arrival in, 137–41
Corbett’s first night watch in, 141–45
Corbett’s ghooral hunt, 149–52
Corbett’s return with skin to, 230–31
Corbett’s search for leads, 156–58
Corbett’s second night in, 145
Pali kill, 134, 137–38, 139–40, 148
Pali kill site, 151–58, 190–91
Corbett’s inspection of, 154–56, 190–91
Palm oil plantations, 242
Panjiar Collection, 25, 67, 68
Pant, Pandit Sri Kishan. See Tahsildar of Champawat
Panthera tigris, 13, 14. See also Bengal tigers
Patharithiya gurau, 58
Phanet, 22
Phungar, 187, 202n, 254
Pioneer, The (journal), 185, 200, 204, 210, 246, 249, 250
Plains Indians, 116
Plate tectonics, 52–53
“Poacher,” 160
Portuguese discoveries, 97
Post-colonial ecologies, 3
Predation, 11, 18–20
Project Tiger, 241
Pugmarks, 10, 145, 147, 154, 198
Puja, 26, 34, 58, 94
Railroads, 114–15
Rajendra of Nepal, 69
“Raj Guru,” 59
Rakshi liquor, xiii, 56, 58, 59
Ramsay, Henry, 113–14, 115–16, 178, 180
Rana, Chandra Shumsher Jang Bahadur, 83–84
Rana, Jung Bahadur, 9, 69–70
Rana dynasty, 9, 34, 52, 69–75, 83–84, 216
Rana Tharu, 55
Ranthambore National Park, 47, 78, 108
Rebsch, B. A., 92, 127–28
Réunion Island shark attack, 5
Revolution of 1951, 84
Rhinoceroses, 19, 34
Rice, 71–72, 114
Rice, William, 109
Rigby rifle, 231, 247–48
Rinderpest, 116–17
“Ring” hunts, 63–64, 71, 85–86
Robin Hood, 121, 160
Royal Bengal tigers, 15–20, 50–51. See also Bengal tigers
Royal Chitwan National Park
creation of, 34, 36n
reasons for tiger attacks, 5, 34–37
tiger attacks, 5, 34–37, 42–43, 77
tiger range, 75
Royal tiger hunts, 50, 74
of the British, 70–71, 100–106, 109–10
methods, 34–35, 63–64, 71, 85–86
of Mughals, 96–97, 104, 109