Field Museum, 2.1, 3.1, 8.1
Fifty Years of Science (Lubbock)
fish, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3
Fletcher, James, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 7.1
food plants, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 2.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 6.1, 7.1
“Fossil Butterflies of Florissant, The” (Scudder)
fossils, 1.1, 8.1
of butterflies, 1.1, 1.2, 3.1, 4.1
Foulks, Andrew
Frail Children of the Air (Scudder)
Franck, George
Frank, Kenneth
Fraser’s swamp, 1.1, 5.1, 5.2, 7.1, 7.2
Frederic R. Grote and Sons
French, George, 4.1, 7.1
Freud, Sigmund, epi.1, 3.1
fritillaries, 1.1, 2.1, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 7.1
Fruhstorfer, Hans, 6.1, 6.2, 8.1, 8.2
Fuller, Arthur, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3
gas lamps
gas wells, 6.1, 7.1
genera, as term
Genera of Diurnal Lepidoptera, The (Doubleday and Westwood)
Genesis I–II (Grote)
genitalia, 1.1, 1.2, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 8.1, 8.2
Geology of the Wisconsin Survey
Gerhard, William
German-American butterfly collectors, 1.1, 2.1, 7.1
Germans
collecting by, itr.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6
technological inventiveness of
Girl of the Limberlost, A (Stratton-Porter)
Glenwood Springs, Colo., 7.1, 7.2
Glover, Townsend
Godeffroy, Hans
Godman, Frederick, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 8.1
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, itr.1, 2.1
Gortyna
Gould, John, 1.1, 1.2
Graef, Edward, 2.1, 3.1, 4.1, 8.1
grasshoppers
Gray, Asa
great spangled fritillaries (Cybele)
“Green Butterflies” (Doherty)
Grinnell, Fordyce, Jr., 4.1, 7.1
Gross-Smith, Henley, 6.1, 8.1
Grote, Anna Radcliffe, 2.1, 2.2
Grote, Augustus Radcliffe, itr.1, itr.2, itr.3, 1.1, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 6.1, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 8.1
academic contributions of
acclaim for
on beauty
classification system of
collection of, 2.1, 3.1
C. Robinson and, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3
daughters of, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2
death of, 8.1, 8.2
early years of
in Europe, 8.1, 8.2
and evolving perception of Darwinism, 2.1, 3.1, 5.1
in feud with Strecker, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 8.1, 8.2
on killing of specimens
on mimicry, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4
moths as preference of, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1
as multifaceted, 2.1, 2.2, 4.1
and Papilio
personal misfortunes of, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 3.1, 3.2
poetry of
publications of, 2.1, 4.1
resentful nature of
Grote, Frederic, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.1
Grote, Julia Blair, 2.1, 2.2, 8.1
Guenée, Achille
guidebooks, 2.1, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 7.1
see also specific books
Guide to the Study of Insects (Packard)
Guild, Clarissa
Haeckel, Ernst
Hagen, Hermann, itr.1, 1.1, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 5.1
hairstreaks, 1.1, 5.1
halftone, 7.1, 8.1
Hampson, George, 8.1, 8.2
Handbook of Nature Study (Comstock)
Handbuch für Schmetterlingsliebhaber (Meigen), 2.1, 2.2
Hard Green (Huber)
Harris, Moses
Harris, Thaddeus, 1.1, 4.1, 4.2
Hartert, Claudia
Hartert, Ernst, 6.1, 6.2, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4
Harvard, 1.1, 1.2, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3
harvester butterfly (Feniseca tarquinius)
Hatch Act
hawk moths (sphinxes), 2.1, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 7.1
Hawk Moths of North America, The (Grote)
Heine, Heinrich
heliconians, 5.1, 5.2
Heliconius humboldt
Henshaw, Samuel, 5.1, 6.1, 8.1
hermaphrodites
Herrich-Schaeffer, Gottlieb, 2.1, 4.1, 8.1
Hesperia catullus
Hesperia massasoit
Hewitson, William, 2.1, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3
hibernacula (nests)
hibernation, 5.1, 5.2
Higginson, Thomas Wentworth, itr.1, 1.1, 4.1
Hill, W. W.
Histoire naturelle (Buffon)
“hod carriers” (amateur aids), itr.1, 1.1, 2.1, 4.1
Holland, Carrie Moorhead, 6.1, 7.1
Holland, Daniel
Holland, William, 6.1, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3
and Carnegie, 5.1, 7.1, 7.2
collection of, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 8.1
as commercial collector, 5.1, 6.1, 8.1
death of
disparaging and critical approach of
opportunistic, self-serving nature of, itr.1, 6.1, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 8.1
parsimonious nature of, 4.1, 6.1, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4
religious background of
wealth and power of, 7.1, 8.1
Holle, William
Honrath, Eduard, 6.1, 6.2
Hopkins, Mark, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3
Horsfield, Thomas, 6.1, 6.2
Houghton, Mifflin and Company, 4.1, 4.2, 8.1
Howard, Leland O., 5.1, 7.1
How to Know the Butterflies (A. Comstock)
Hoy, Philo Romayne
Huber, Peter
Hübner, Jacob, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 3.1, 4.1
Hudson, George L.
Hulst, George, itr.1, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 4.1, 7.1
Humboldt, Alexander, itr.1, itr.2, itr.3, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1
views on nature of, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 4.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 6.1
hummingbirds, 1.1, 1.2
Huxley, Thomas
“Hypermetamorphosis in Butterflies” (Scudder)
hyperparasites (secondary parasites)
ichneumon wasps, 1.1, 2.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 7.1, 7.2
Icones Ornithopterorum (Rippon), 6.1, 6.2
Illustrated Essay on the Noctuidae of North America, An (Grote)
illustration, illustrators, 1.1, 1.2, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 7.1, 8.1
black and white, itr.1, 8.1
color, itr.1, 1.1, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 6.1, 6.2
importance of, 2.1, 4.1, 4.2
photography vs., itr.1, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 8.1, 8.2
plates in, itr.1, 1.1, 2.1, 2.2, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 6.1, 8.1
of Strecker, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 4.2, 7.1, 7.2, 8.1
woodcuts, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3
see also photographs, photography; specific artists
Illustrations of Exotic Entomology (Drury)
Illustrations of Natural History (Drury)
imago (adult form), itr.1, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 3.1, 4.1
imperialism, itr.1, 6.1
evils of, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5
showcased at Chicago Fair
India, 1.1, 3.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 8.1
Insect Life, 4.1, 7.1
“Insect Life on Coney Island” (Schaupp)
Introduction to Entomology (Comstock)
Introduction to Entomology (Kirby and Spence), 1.1, 5.1, 7.1
“Iron and Its Relation to Civilization” (H. Edwards)
Ishikawa, Charles
James, William, 2.1, 3.1, 5.1
Janson, Edward
Janson’s (store), 3.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3
Jefferson, Thomas, itr.1, 1.1
Jesup, Morris
John Muir’s hairstreak (Callophyrs muiri)
Jordan, Karl, 4.1, 8.1
Judaism, Jews, 2.1, 2.2, 6.1,
6.2, 6.3, 8.1
Kanawha River, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 5.1, 5.2, 7.1, 7.2
Kanchu (Lepcha)
Karner blue, (Lycaeides melissa samuelis)
Kearfott, William
Kellicott, D. S.
Kern, Benjamin
Kern, Edward
Kern, Richard
Ketterer, Edward
killing, in collecting, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 6.1, 7.1
Kirby, William F., 1.1, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 7.1
Klages, Edward
Klapperthal Glen
Knab, Fred
Kohler, Robert E.
Kramer, John
Kumaon
“Laborer in Politics, The” (Grote)
Lacey Act (1900), 7.1, 8.1
LaFarge, John
Lamarck, Jean-Baptiste
Landis, H.
Langtry, Lillie
lappet moths
larva (caterpillar form) itr.1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 6.1, 6.2, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3
collection of, 1.1, 2.1
in identification, 1.1, 1.2, 3.1, 5.1, 8.1
parasites of, 2.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5
Latimer, Adrian, epi.1, 2.1, 6.1
Latrielle, Pierre, itr.1, 1.1, 3.1
Le Conte, John
Leidy, Joseph
Lepchas
Lepidoptera of Ceylon (Moore)
“Lepidoptera of the Adirondack Region, The” (Lintner)
Lepidoptera: Rhopaloceres et Heteroceres (Strecker), 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1
Leslie, Mrs., 1.1, 8.1
Lewis, Ronald L., 7.1, 7.2
libraries
Lichenee blue
life cycles, life histories, itr.1, itr.2, itr.3, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 5.1
in identification, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 3.1, 3.2, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3
Life of a Butterfly, The (Scudder)
limelight
limited transmutation
Linnaeus, Carl, itr.1, 1.1, 1.2, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 6.1, 7.1
binomial nomenclature system of, itr.1, itr.2, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 6.1
Linnean Society of New England, 1.1, 6.1
Lintner, Joseph, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3
“List of Butterflies Taken in Kumaon, A” (Doherty), 5.1, 6.1
literature, butterfly, itr.1, 4.1
affordability of, 4.1, 7.1
for children, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 7.1
instructional
lists in
magazines and journals, 4.1, 4.2
publication costs in, 1.1, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 7.1, 8.1
see also catalogs; guidebooks; illustration, illustrators; specific works
lithography, itr.1, 2.1, 4.1, 4.2, 8.1, 8.2
“Local Butterflies” (Scudder)
Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth
Lord Jim (Conrad)
Lorquin, Pierre, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1
Lorquin’s admiral (Limenitis lorquini)
Lorquin Society
Lubbock, John
lumber industry
“lumpers”, 1.1, 1.2, 4.1
luna moth, 1.1, 6.1, 8.1
Lycaenidae, 1.1, 2.1, 4.1, 5.1, 6.1, 7.1, 8.1
Lyman, Henry
Malaysia, 3.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, 8.1
Man and Nature (Marsh)
Mann, Helen
Manual of British Butterflies and Moths (Stainton)
Manual of Entomology, A (Burmeister)
Marsh, George Perkins, 1.1, 7.1
Marshall, G. F. L., 5.1, 8.1
Maynard, Charles
McGlashan, Charles
Mead, Sam, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1
Mead, Theodore “Ted”, 1.1, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3
death of
and Papilio
and Strecker, 3.1, 3.2
and W. H. Edwards, 1.1, 1.2, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 8.1
and Willie Edwards, 1.1, 7.1
meadow fritillary (Boloria bellona)
Meigen, Johann, 2.1, 2.2
Melville, Herman
Merian, Maria Sibylla, itr.1, 2.1
Meske, Otto
metamorphosis, itr.1, 1.1, 5.1, 5.2, 6.1
see also life cycles, life histories
Meyer, Julius
microlepidoptera, 6.1, 8.1
microscope, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 8.1
migration, 2.1, 2.2, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1
Milbert’s tortoiseshell
milkweed butterflies
mimicry, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 6.1, 7.1, 6.2
“Mimicry and Protective Resemblance” (Scudder)
mimics (Hypolimnas misippus)
monarchs (Danaus plexippus; Anosia plexippus), itr.1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 7.1, 8.1
Monongahela National Forest
Montúfar, Carlos
Moore, Frederic
Moorhead, John
morphos, 2.1, 2.2, 6.1, 6.2
M. achilles
M. cypris, 6.1, 6.2
M. menelaus, 2.1, 3.1, 6.1, 6.2
M. sulkowski
Morris, John, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.1, 3.2, 6.1, 7.1, 8.1
in nomenclature debate
Morrison, Herbert
Morton, Emily, 3.1, 5.1, 6.1
Mother Jones
moths, 1.1, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 5.2, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3
butterflies compared to
Grote’s preference for, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1
snaring of, 2.1, 2.2, 6.1, 7.1, 7.2
swallowtailed
Moths and Butterflies (Ballard)
“Moths and Moth-Catchers” (Grote)
Moths of the Limberlost (Stratton-Porter)
mountaineering, 1.1, 4.1
mourning cloak (trauermantel), 2.1, 4.1, 4.2
Muir, John, 1.1, 3.1
multibrooding, 5.1, 5.2
Museum of Comparative Zoology, itr.1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 5.1, 6.1, 8.1, 8.2
Mycalesis mineus
Nabokov, Vladimir, 1.1, 4.1, 4.2, 6.1, 7.1
National Park Service
natural history, itr.1, 2.1, 3.1
expanding interest in, 5.1, 5.2
as motivation for collecting
Natural History Museum (Indian Museum; Calcutta), 5.1, 6.1
Natural History Museum (London), 6.1, 6.2
Natural History of Selbourne (White)
Natural History of the Rarer Lepidopterous Insects of Georgia (Abbot and J. Smith)
Naturalist (Wilson)
Naturalist’s Directory, The
natural selection, itr.1, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4
beauty and, 5.1, 5.2
nature
accessibility of
and art, 1.1, 7.1
beauty as elemental to, itr.1, itr.2, itr.3, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.1, 3.2, 5.1, 5.2, 7.1
for benefit of human beings, itr.1, 7.1
economic impact on, itr.1, itr.2, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3
environmental damage to, 1.1, 1.2
as evolving and unstable, itr.1, 1.1
featured at Chicago Fair
opposition to human abuse of
passionate response to, 3.1, 7.1
and religion
Romantic tradition in
spirituality of, 1.1, 5.1, 7.1
as unified and interdependent, itr.1, itr.2, itr.3, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2, 4.1, 5.1
utilitarian uses of, 1.1, 5.1, 7.1, 7.2
see also ecology
Naturphilosophie
nest-building
nets, itr.1, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 6.1
Neumoegen, Berthold, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 7.1, 8.1, 8.2
death of, 6.1, 8.1
financial setbacks of, 3.1, 6.1, 8.1, 8.2
and Papilio
and Strecker, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 6.1, 8.1
Neumoegen, Rebecca
Neversink Mountain, 2.1, 6.1
New Infidelity, The (Grote), 2.1, 3.1, 4.1
Newman, George
Newton, Isaac, 1.1, 1.2
New York Entomological Society, 3.1, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3
New York State Museum of Natural History
Nicéville, Lionel de, 5.1, 5.2, 6.1, 8.1
Noctuidae, 2.1, 2.2, 6.1, 8.1
Nokomis fritillary (Argynnis nokomis)
Nomenclator Zoologicus (Scudder)
nomenclature, 4.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 7.1, 8.1, 8.2
binomial, itr.1, 1.1, 2.1, 4.1
debate over, itr.1, 1.1, 1.2, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3
distribution in
importance of, 3.1, 4.1
native
North American Entomologist
Novak, Jakub
Nymphalidae, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1
Oberthür, Charles, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 8.1, 8.2
obliterative coloration
observation, itr.1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 5.1, 5.2, 7.1
ocelli (eye spots), 3.1, 5.1
Oeneis semidea, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1
Olmsted, Frederick Law
On the Origin of Species (Darwin), 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 3.1
“Origin of Ornamentation in the Lepidoptera, The” (Grote)
Orinoco River, itr.1, 1.1, 2.1
Ornithoptera
O. brookiana (Troides brookiana)
O. croesis, 2.1, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 6.1
O. dohertyi (Troides dohertyi)
O. paradisea
O. priamus, 2.1, 2.2, 4.1
see also birdwings
orthochromatic process
Oslar, Ernest
Packard, Alpheus, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 5.2
Paint Creek, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 2.1, 4.1, 7.1, 7.2
painted ladies (Vanessa cardui), itr.1, 1.1, 6.1
palearctics, 6.1, 8.1
pale swallowtail
palpi, 4.1, 4.2
Pambu (Lepcha), 6.1, 6.2, 6.3
Papaipema, 7.1, 8.1
Papilio
P. antenor
P. antimachus, 2.1, 6.1, 6.2
P. hospiton
P. jacksoni E. Sharpe
P. machaon, 3.1, 6.1
P. marchandii, 4.1, 4.2
P. neumoegeni
P. rex
Papilio (journal), 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 6.1, 6.2, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3
Papillons Exotiques (Cramer)
parasites, 1.1, 2.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3
parasitoids, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5
Paris Exposition (1878)
parnassians, 3.1, 8.1
pasture species
Peabody, Cecil
Peabody, Selim, 3.1, 7.1, 7.2
Peale, Charles Willson
Peale, Titian, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 6.1
pearl crescent (Phyciodes tharos), 1.1, 4.1, 5.1
Peart, John
Peart, Mary, 1.1, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 7.1, 8.1, 8.2
Butterfly People Page 53
