11. See the work of Victoria Brehm, Cheryl Torsney, and Sharon Dean, among others, as well as Joan Myers Weimer, ed., Women Artists, Women Exiles: “Miss Grief” and Other Stories (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1988). It was this anthology that first introduced me to CFW when I was a graduate student.
12. JH to SM, Jan. 31, 1894, Mather Family Papers, WRHS.
13. Benedict III, 290.
Index
Page numbers listed correspond to the print edition of this book. You can use your device’s search function to locate particular terms in the text.
Page numbers in italics refer to illustrations.
Page numbers beginning with 332 refer to endnotes.
Abbey, Edwin A., 209
abolitionism, 6, 40, 41, 44, 89, 105
Adams, Clover Hooper, 40, 182
Adams, Henry, 40, 163, 182
Agassiz, Louis, 40, 53
alcoholism, as literary theme, 232, 235–36, 242
Alcott, Louisa May, 72–73
Little Women, 72–73
Alden, Henry Mills, 62, 139, 247, 252, 255–56, 279, 298–99
God in His World, 255–56
Aldrich, Thomas Bailey, 155
Appletons’ Journal, 62, 71, 74, 77, 84, 103, 128, 141, 172
Archer, Isabel (char.), xvi–xvii, 133, 144, 153, 159, 177
Arey, Harriet Grannis, 23–24, 37
Household Songs and Other Poems, 24
Arnold, Matthew, 224, 266
“The Scholar Gipsy,” 266
“Thyrsis,” 266
Asheville, N.C., CFW’s residence in, 98–99, 104, 121, 141, 158, 279
Astor, William Waldorf, 186
Astor family, 66, 106
Athenaeum, 241
Atlantic Monthly, 61, 71, 75–76, 80, 81, 82, 95, 96, 103, 104, 109, 125–26, 138, 141–42, 144, 152, 154, 155, 158, 164, 202, 241
“Contributors’ Club,” 109, 126, 127, 130, 131, 225, 342
Austen, Jane, 158, 320
Baden-Baden, Germany, 157, 167–68
Baldwin, William Wilberforce, 186, 212–13, 215, 228, 237, 255, 256, 264, 266, 268–69, 287–89, 296, 297, 298, 302, 303, 309, 311, 312, 313, 363
Balestier, Wolcott, 266, 267, 269, 279
Balzac, Honoré de, 126
Père Goriot, 201
Bartram, May (char.), xiii, xvi, 314–16
Bashkirtseff, Marie, 275–76
Bellosguardo, Italy, 165, 189, 204, 207, 226, 229–30, 256, 265, 273, 293
CFW and HJ’s living arrangements at, 212–19, 214, 273, 355
CFW’s departure from, 237–42, 245
community of artists in, 187–98
as scene of CFW’s happiest times, 187–205, 213, 217, 228, 230, 259–60, 269, 284, 290
Benedict, Clara Woolson (sister), 4–5, 8, 17, 18, 30, 32, 42–44, 51, 60, 61, 65, 66, 68, 69–70, 72–74, 79, 98, 106–7, 114–15, 127, 142, 230, 245, 267, 280, 306, 309, 312, 313, 322
CFW’s relationship with, 17–19, 31, 51, 71, 74, 97, 115–16, 121–23, 157, 216, 253, 258, 300, 302
death of, 325
One Year at Our Boarding School, 74
travels of, 84, 119, 132–33, 140, 143, 157, 161, 173, 178, 179–80, 237, 240, 245, 247–49, 249, 263, 271–72, 295
Benedict, Clare “Plum” (niece), 8, 19, 69, 71, 84, 96, 98, 114, 115, 119, 120, 123, 132, 133, 140, 142, 143, 157, 161, 173, 178, 179–80, 216, 237, 240, 245, 245, 248, 249, 263, 267, 271–72, 294, 295, 312, 313, 323, 325
Benedict, George A., 61, 71, 114
Benedict, George S., 45, 61–62, 65, 68–71, 69, 92
Birrell, Augustine, 223–24
Obiter Dicta, 223–24
Bone, John H. A., 61–62
Booth, Edwin, 67
Boott, Elizabeth (Lizzie), see Duveneck, Elizabeth Boott
Boott, Francis, 187–88, 190–93, 191, 195, 200, 203, 205, 213, 215, 217, 224, 226–28, 229, 230, 231, 234, 236, 237, 238, 240, 256, 257, 259, 261–62, 264–65, 269, 272, 273, 284, 287, 289, 290, 292, 298, 300, 308, 310, 311
Bosanquet, Theodora, 218
Boston, Mass., 6, 72, 75, 125, 141, 192, 195, 224
botany, CFW’s interest in, 39, 86–87, 96, 105
Bowker, R. R., 94, 129
Bronson, Edith, 287, 295, 297, 298, 299–300, 312, 364
Bronson, Katherine de Kay, 213, 287, 298, 299, 310, 364
Brontë, Charlotte, 22, 95, 158, 320
Jane Eyre, 112
Brontë, Emily, 112, 158, 320
Broughton, Rhoda, 224, 267
Brown, John, 44, 100
Browning, Elizabeth Barrett, 93–95, 124, 149, 193, 203, 227, 287
Aurora Leigh, 124, 203
Browning, Pen, 287
Browning, Robert, 193, 287
Burnett, Frances Hodgson, 109, 175, 183, 215, 225, 262
Little Lord Fauntleroy, 215, 225
That Lass O’Lowrie’s, 109
Byron, Lord, 143
Cairo, Egypt, xv, 247–55, 256, 262, 284
California, 76, 122, 132, 140, 168, 279
Carter, Averell, 167–68
Carter, Emma Woolson (sister), 3, 12, 13, 24, 38, 41, 301
marriage and death of, 27–32, 35, 52
Carter, George, 33–34, 45
Carter, Grace, 167–68, 173, 178, 284, 301–3, 305–8, 309, 315, 317, 365
Carter, Henry, 33
Carter, Jane Averell, 33, 54, 105, 116, 167–69, 173, 179, 235, 284
Carter, Lawson (Reverend), 28, 32, 53
Carter, Lawson (son), 33, 54, 55, 168, 232, 235, 301
Carter, Mary, 167–68, 173, 178, 179, 205, 301
Carter, T. Jarvis, 27–29, 32–33
Casa Biondetti, Venice, 286, 289, 312
Casa Molini, Florence, 132–34, 163, 185, 188
Casa Semitecolo, Venice, CFW’s residence in, 289–96, 291, 312, 314
Cather, Willa, 319
Century, The, 147, 153–54, 172
Chadwick, French Ensor, 170–71
Charleston, S.C., 99, 101, 103–4
Cheltenham, England, 255–58, 280, 296
Cherbuliez, Victor, Samuel Brohl et Cie, 110
Chicago, Ill., 13, 106, 114
childbearing, 12, 17, 30, 31, 38, 51, 195, 196, 197, 198, 224, 233
children’s literature, 72–74, 75, 76, 275
Chopin, Kate, 323
Cini, Dr., 300–301, 303, 305–6, 308, 365
Civil War, U.S., xiv, 1, 44–47, 46, 111, 196, 232
aftermath of, 49–52, 60, 85, 99–100, 102–5, 187, 193
Claremont, N.H., 3, 5–8, 9, 11–12, 30, 116
Clark, Emily Vernon, 108, 142
Cleveland, Ohio, 134, 161, 207, 235, 248
Woolson family and connections in, 12–16, 28, 30, 42, 44–51, 55, 60–61, 65, 69–74, 75, 85, 86, 98, 100, 107, 114, 126–27, 143, 164, 258–59, 279
Cleveland Female Seminary, 38–41, 45, 72
Cleveland Herald, 24, 48, 59–61, 65–67, 71, 85, 104
Cleveland Leader, 47, 48
Coolidge, Susan (Sarah Woolsey), 72–73
What Katy Did, 72–73
Cooper, Elizabeth, 8
Cooper, Hannah, 10
Cooper, James Fenimore, 8–9, 10, 14, 24, 30, 62, 63–64, 71, 165, 192, 265
The Last of the Mohicans, The, 62
Leatherstocking novels, 8
The Pioneers, The, 10, 14
Cooper, Richard, 7, 13
Cooper, Susan Fenimore, 24
Rural Hours, 24
Cooper, William (Hannah Woolson’s cousin), 10, 12
Cooper, William (judge), 8, 10
Cooperstown, N.Y., Woolson family and connections in, 8–12, 14, 33, 54, 63, 103, 105, 116, 205, 292, 293
Critic, The, 151, 152
Curtis, Ariana, 239, 284, 287, 291, 292, 295, 297, 312
Curtis, Daniel, 239, 284, 287, 292, 295, 296, 297, 298
Dana, Richard Henry, 144
Two Years Before the Mast, 144
death:
CFW’s experiences with and thoughts on, 3, 17, 20, 27, 29–30, 33–36, 115, 143–44, 167, 284, 297–98, 308
CFW’s preparation for, 300–304
religious longing for, 35
telepathic communication after, 288, 299, 313
Deir el-Bahri, 250, 252
depression, 6, 27, 55, 101–2, 107, 114, 122, 132, 162, 171, 230, 288, 343
body and mind linked in, 186, 260, 289, 363
of CFW, see Woolson, Constance Fenimore, depression of
of HJ, 283, 289, 310
suicide and, 54, 101, 168, 308, 310
de Staël, Madame, 125, 142, 147–48
Corinne, 125, 148
Dickens, Charles, 21–22, 68, 106, 143, 173, 259, 298
A Christmas Carol, 259, 298
Dickinson, Emily, 129
D. Lothrop, 72–73
Dodge, Mary Mapes, 96
dogs, CFW’s relationship to, 22, 73, 237, 259, 269, 280, 292, 297, 298, 299, 300, 312
domestic abuse, as literary theme, 232, 235–36, 242
Dostoevsky, Fyodor, 186
Dumas, Alexandre, 22
The Three Musketeers, 22
Du Maurier, George, 266
Duomo, unveiling of new façade of, 215, 223
Duveneck, Francis, 224, 226–27, 231, 233, 237, 269
Duveneck, Frank, 188, 190, 193, 195–98, 195, 200, 203, 213, 215, 224, 225–27, 231, 233, 237, 238, 269, 290
Duveneck, Elizabeth (Lizzie) Boott, 170, 173, 187, 190–98, 194, 195, 197, 199, 200, 203, 205, 213, 215, 217, 224, 225–29, 229, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 238, 240, 256, 269, 270, 352
Eaton, Daniel Cady, 86
Edel, Leon, 323–24, 355
Egypt, CFW’s trip to, xiv, xv, 238, 245–55, 249, 257
El Azhar University, 252–53
electrotherapy, 180, 186, 223
Eliot, George, 22, 89, 95, 149–50, 154, 158, 160, 178–79, 200, 275, 283
Adam Bede, 78, 279
CFW influenced by, 76–78, 87, 178
Daniel Deronda, 110, 150
George Eliot’s Life as Related in Her Letters and Journals, 178
The Mill on the Floss, 22, 77–78, 112
Emerson, Helen Tucker, 40
Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 75, 87, 222, 224, 283
“Poetry and Imagination,” 283
Engelberg, Switzerland, 145, 147, 161, 167
England, 120, 143, 151, 241, 255, 320
imperialism of, 249–50
influenza epidemic in, 268, 285
English Illustrated Magazine, 265
English Library series, 267
Epictetus, 239–40, 261, 308
The Teaching of Epictetus, 239–40
Episcopal Church, 33, 80, 306
Erie Canal, 12
Europe, 53, 54, 84, 85, 106, 160, 263, 279, 296
CFW’s wanderings in, xvi, xvii, 36, 116, 117–39, 161–82
see also specific locations
expatriates, 161–82, 204–5, 249–51, 259
feminism, 282–83, 319, 323–24
Fern, Fanny, 25, 65
Field, Kate, 65, 67
financial crises, 5, 12–13, 27, 84, 295–96, 302
Fiske, Daniel Willard, 230–31, 238, 248, 250
Flagler, Henry, 237–38, 279
Florence, Italy, 180, 189, 189, 197, 203, 204, 212, 215, 223, 239, 268, 284, 289, 290, 296, 302
CFW in, xv, xvii, xviii, 117, 132–39, 140, 157, 160, 166, 170, 182, 185–86, 206, 250, 285, 306
social scene in, 163–65, 186, 215, 224–25, 230, 237, 238, 259
Florida, xv, 85–97, 91, 98, 101, 106, 108, 120, 141, 175, 178, 189, 205, 221, 231, 237, 271, 276, 293
Freeman, Mary Wilkins, 267, 279, 320, 323
Freud, Sigmund, 289
Fuller, Margaret, 148
Fusato, Angelo (gondolier), 287, 289, 297, 305
Gallia, 120
Geneva, Switzerland, 142, 147, 148, 188, 191, 223, 228–30
Gettysburg battlefield, 100
Gilded Age, 16, 279, 281
Gilder, Richard Watson, 92
Glasgow Herald, 320
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 142, 147
Goodrich, Caspar, 144, 164, 167, 170
Goodrich, Wolseley, 164, 167
Goshen, Va., 100–101, 109
Gosse, Edmund, 250
Grace Episcopal Church (Cleveland), 27–28, 32–33, 54, 70, 79
Gramsci, Antonio, 325–26
Grant, Ulysses S., 85
Great Lakes region, CFW’s stories of, 14, 36, 75–77, 82–84, 128
Greece, 245, 247, 248, 256
Greenough, Louisa, 165, 188, 352
Greenough, Richard, 207, 306
Guilford, Linda, 39–40, 61
Hamilton, Gail, 65
Harper, J. Henry, 49
Harper, Joseph, 201
Harper & Brothers, 62–63, 103, 113, 141, 158, 174, 175, 180, 185, 225, 228, 241–42, 251, 279, 285, 296, 300, 312, 321
CFW’s exclusive relationship with, 151, 154, 155, 157, 201, 262, 272
Harper’s New Monthly Magazine, 25–26, 60–63, 69, 139, 206, 209–12
CFW’s work published in, xv, 25, 62–63, 74, 103, 111, 121, 150, 151, 152, 231, 245, 270, 279
“Editor’s Study” column, 200–202
Harper’s Ferry, W.Va., 44, 100
Harrison, William Henry, 10
Harte, Bret, 76–77, 79, 82, 89, 92, 110
Luck of Roaring Camp and Other Stories, 82
Hawaii, 16, 50–51, 231, 238
Hawthorne, Nathaniel, 25, 75, 92, 143, 146, 188, 193, 237, 324
The Marble Faun, 146
Hay, Clara Stone, 127, 161–62, 164, 166, 170, 182, 201, 306
Hay, John, 126–27, 126, 135, 161–62, 164, 166, 170–73, 174, 177, 178, 182, 200, 206, 207, 224, 250, 254, 306, 310, 324
The Bread-Winners, 126, 172
Castilian Days, 126
Hayne, Paul Hamilton, 95, 96, 100, 101–2, 105, 109, 125, 171
Heinemann, William, 267
Hibernia plantation, Fla., 108–9, 114
Higginson, Thomas Wentworth, 129
Holas, Marie, 300–304, 306, 307–8
Holy Land, 248–49, 251
homosexuality, 217, 277, 287, 355–56; see also lesbianism
Horner, Miss, 224–25, 237
Horner sisters, Walks in Florence, 224–25
Howe, Edgar Watson, 283
“A Story of a Country Town,” 283
Howe, Julia Ward, 25
Howells, William Dean, 76–77, 80, 81–84, 104, 109, 127, 133, 138, 139, 154, 161, 162, 170, 172, 174, 206, 207, 267, 272, 283, 323, 324
CFW’s friendship with, 163–66, 164
CFW’s rift with, 76, 95, 125, 141–42, 200–202, 212, 222, 242
HJ’s essay on, 209–12
Indian Summer, 174
A Modern Instance, A, 147
Their Wedding Journey, 78
Howells, Winnie, 166, 167, 206
Hulton, William Stokes, 295
Hulton, Zina, 295, 299, 312, 364
Hume, David, 6
immortality, 34–35, 298
Independent, The, 202
influenza, 264, 268, 285, 289, 301, 363
Jackson, Stonewall, 100
James, Alice (sister of H. and W. James), 133–34, 167, 181, 186, 199, 212, 213, 219, 229–30, 232, 233, 281–82
breast cancer of, 264, 266, 269–70
CFW and, 180–82, 269–71, 354
death of, 269–70, 270, 273, 277, 303
mental illness and depression of, 101, 180, 181, 256–57, 260, 261, 264, 310
James, Alice (W. James’s wife), 214, 266, 288
James, Henry, 50, 65, 67, 95, 127, 136, 164, 170, 186, 195–96, 198, 206, 207, 214, 232, 233, 235, 239, 250, 257, 261, 264, 266, 267, 283
“The Altar of the Dead,” 314
The American, 260–61, 266
appearance and personal style of, 135–36
“The Art of Fiction,” 131
&
nbsp; “The Aspern Papers,” 212, 229
as bachelor, 147, 162, 213
“The Beast in the Jungle,” xiii, 314–16, 316
The Bostonians, 180, 199, 256, 283, 342
CFW’s critique of work of, 130–31, 152–53, 156, 176
CFW’s initial interest in, 127–32
CFW’s work critiqued by, 102, 110, 172, 175, 200, 201, 203, 206, 208–12, 213, 219–22, 233
as character source, 125–26, 128, 130, 136–39, 147, 149
commercial vs. artistic success for, 272, 273, 277–78
critical reception for, 129–31, 152–53, 261–62, 266, 323
“Daisy Miller,” 127
depression of, 283, 289, 310
as disdainful of women writers, 149–50, 151–52, 160, 209–10
The Europeans, 130–31
fear of failure in, 152–53
Hawthorne, 153
Howells’s promotion of, 125, 127
illnesses and ailments of, 212, 217, 264, 268, 283, 289, 306, 309, 354
“The Lesson of the Master,” 273–74
literary prominence of, 317, 323
“The Middle Years,” 277–78
“Miss Woolson,” 200, 201, 205, 208–12, 213, 219, 320
Partial Portraits, 219–22, 320
Portrait of a Lady, The, xvi–xviii, 65, 67, 133, 139, 144, 150, 152–53, 157, 159, 160, 165, 175, 187, 220
The Princess Casamassima, 199
Roderick Hudson, 78, 146
as sexually attracted to men, 217, 277, 355–56
Washington Square, 151
The Wings of the Dove, 320
James, Henry, CFW’s relationship with, xiii–xvi, 78, 117, 139–41, 144, 145, 152, 153, 155–57, 159–60, 162–64, 166–67, 170–74, 181–83, 187–88, 190–92, 198–203, 224, 225, 228–30, 237, 241, 255, 256–58, 260–63, 264–65, 268, 270, 271, 288, 289, 290–92, 295, 302
correspondence in, 151, 156, 160, 161, 166–67, 170, 182, 216, 269, 291, 297, 298
developing closeness in, 271–78, 283–85, 298, 309, 350, 355, 367
early encounters in, xvi–xviii, 133–39, 274
literary rivalry in, xviii, 84, 128, 129–30, 139, 152–54, 158–60, 221, 323–24
in response to CFW’s death, 306, 309–17
shared living arrangements in, 212–19, 273, 355
tensions in, 219–22
James, Wilky, 171
James, William, 171, 180, 181, 186, 214, 230, 257, 266–67, 285, 288, 311
The Principles of Psychology, 266
Jamison, Kay Redfield, 308
Jefferson, Joseph, 67
Constance Fenimore Woolson Page 41
