100 Nasty Women of History

by Hannah Jewell

  ‘Star Wars Episode III: Hedy Lamarr (YMRT #29)’, You Must Remember This. Accessed July 29, 2017; http://www.youmustrememberthispodcast.com/episodes/youmustrememberthispodcastblog/2015/1/14/star-wars-episode-iii-hedy-lamarr-ymrt-29.

  Hildegard von Bingen

  ‘Hildegard Von Bingen’, Series 25, Great Lives, BBC Radio 4. Accessed July 29, 2017; http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b014q00c.

  Hypatia

  ‘Hypatia Biography’. Accessed July 30, 2017; http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Biographies/Hypatia.html.

  Zielinski, Sarah, ‘Hypatia, Ancient Alexandria’s Great Female Scholar’, Smithsonian. Accessed July 30, 2017; http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/hypatia-ancient-alexandrias-great-female-scholar-10942888/.

  ‘Hypatia | Mathematician and Astronomer’, Encyclopedia Britannica. Accessed July 29, 2017; https://www.britannica.com/biography/Hypatia.

  Ida B. Wells-Barnett

  Giddings, Paula J., Ida: A Sword Among Lions: Ida B. Wells and the Campaign Against Lynching, Reprint edition (New York: Harper Paperbacks, 2009).

  Giddings, Paula J., When and Where I Enter: The Impact of Black Women on Race and Sex in America (New York: W. Morrow, 1984).

  Wells-Barnett, Ida B., Southern Horrors: Lynch Law in All Its Phases, 1892; http://archive.org/details/southernhorrors14975gut.

  Irena Sendler

  Mazzeo, Tilar J., Irena’s Children: The Extraordinary Story of the Woman Who Saved 2,500 Children from the Warsaw Ghetto, Reprint edition (New York; London; Toronto: Gallery Books, 2017).

  Jang-geum

  ‘Jungjong of Joseon – New World Encyclopedia’. Accessed July 29, 2017; http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Jungjong_of_Joseon.

  Myung-ho, Shin., ‘Annals of the Joseon Dynasty Brought to Life by the Digital Era’, Koreana: A Quarterly on Korean Art & Culture, 2008; http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2008/2008_AUTUMN_E022.pdf.

  Jayaben Desai

  Dromey, Jack, ‘Jayaben Desai Obituary’, Guardian, December 28, 2010; http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2010/dec/28/jayaben-desai-obituary.

  ‘Grunwick: Chronology of Events | Striking Women: Voices of South Asian Women Workers from Grunwick and Gate Gourmet’. Accessed July 29, 2017; http://www.leeds.ac.uk/strikingwomen/grunwick/chronology.

  ‘Jayaben Desai’, WCML. Accessed July 29, 2017; http://www.wcml.org.uk/our-collections/activists/jayaben-desai/.

  Jean Batten

  ‘Jean Batten | NZHistory, New Zealand History Online’. Accessed July 29, 2017; https://nzhistory.govt.nz/people/jean-batten.

  ‘Jean Batten – The Garbo of the Skies | Television | NZ On Screen’. Accessed July 29, 2017; https://www.nzonscreen.com/title/jean-batten-the-garbo-of-the-skies-1988.

  Taonga, New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu, ‘Batten, Jean Gardner’ web page. Accessed July 29, 2017; /en/biographies/4b13/batten-jean-gardner.

  Jean Macnamara

  Zwar, Desmond, The Dame: The Life and Times of Dame Jean Macnamara, Medical Pioneer, 1st edition (South Melbourne: Macmillan, 1984).

  Jind Kaur

  Matthew, H. C. G., and Harrison, B., eds. Bance, Bhupinder Singh, ‘Jind Kaur (1817–1863)’, First Published 2004; Online Edition, Jan 2006, 854 Words, in The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004).

  Josephine Baker

  Baker, Jean-Claude, Josephine Baker: The Hungry Heart (New York: Cooper Square Press, 2001).

  Jovita Idár

  Gonzalez, Gabriela, ‘Jovita Idár: The Ideological Origins of a Transnational Advocate for La Raza’, in Texas Women: Their Histories, Their Lives (Athens, Georgia: University of Georgia Press, 2015).

  Juana Azurduy

  ‘Azurduy de Padilla, Juana (1781–1862) – Dictionary Definition of Azurduy de Padilla, Juana (1781–1862) | Encyclopedia.com: FREE Online Dictionary’. Accessed July 29, 2017; http://www.encyclopedia.com/women/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/azurduy-de-padilla-juana-1781-1862.

  Julia de Burgos

  Pérez Rosario, Vanessa, Becoming Julia de Burgos: The Making of a Puerto Rican Icon (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2014).

  Julie D’Aubigny

  Gardiner, Kelly, ‘Swordswoman, Opera Singer, Runaway: “Goddess” Chronicles A Fabled Life’, NPR.org. Accessed July 29, 2017; http://www.npr.org/2015/10/03/445032371/swordswoman-opera-singer-runaway-goddess-chronicles-a-fabled-life.

  Khayzuran

  Mernissi, Fatima, The Forgotten Queens of Islam, Translated by Mary Jo Lakeland (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1993).

  Kosem Sultan

  Rank, Melissa, and Rank, Michael, The Most Powerful Women in the Middle Ages: Queens, Saints, and Viking Slayers, From Empress Theodora to Elizabeth of Tudor (CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2013).

  Lakshmibai, Rani of Jhansi

  Mukhoty, Ira, Heroines: Powerful Indian Women of Myth and History (Aleph Book Company, 2017).

  Laskarina Bouboulina

  ‘Bouboulina, Laskarina (1771–1825) – Dictionary Definition of Bouboulina, Laskarina (1771–1825) | Encyclopedia.com: FREE Online Dictionary’. Accessed July 29, 2017; http://www.encyclopedia.com/women/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/bouboulina-laskarina-1771-1825.

  Gammell, Caroline, ‘Greek Woman “Sets Fire” to Briton’s Genitals: Laskarina Bouboulina the Heroine’, Telegraph, August 7, 2009; http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/greece/5989510/Greek-woman-sets-fire-to-Britons-genitals-Laskarina-Bouboulina-the-heroine.html.

  Laura Redden Searing

  Luck, Jessica Lewis, ‘Lyric Underheard: The Printed Voice of Laura Catherine Redden Searing’, Legacy: A Journal of American Women Writers, 30, no. 1 (2013): 62–81.

  Lilian Bland

  Bol, Rosita, ‘Lilian Bland, the First Woman to Fly an Aircraft in Ireland’, The Irish Times. Accessed July 30, 2017; http://www.irishtimes.com/life-and-style/people/lilian-bland-the-first-woman-to-fly-an-aircraft-in-ireland-1.2765782.

  McIlwaine, Eddie, ‘Journalist, Photographer, Crackshot and the First Woman to Fly an Aeroplane … the Amazing Lilian Bland’, BelfastTelegraph.co.uk. Accessed July 30, 2017; http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/life/features/journalist-photographer-crackshot-and-the-first-woman-to-fly-an-aeroplane-the-amazing-lilian-bland-28552187.html.

  ‘Women’s Museum of Ireland | Articles | Lilian Bland’. Accessed July 30, 2017; http://womensmuseumofireland.ie/articles/lilian-bland.

  Lillian Ngoyi

  Freeman, Cathy L. Relays in Rebellion: The Power in Lilian Ngoyi and Fannie Lou Hamer (Georgia State University, 2009); http://search.proquest.com/openview/71a114e383d1d4aac5cc517ea60de12e/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y.

  Joseph, Helen, Tomorrow’s Sun: A Smuggled Journal from South Africa (Hutchinson, 1966).

  Möller, Pieter L., ‘They Also Served: Ordinary South African Women in an Extraordinary Struggle: The Case of Erna de Villiers (Buber)’, 2010; http://repository.nwu.ac.za/handle/10394/5227.

  Lotfia Elnadi

  Cooper, Ann, ‘Lotfia El Nadi – The First Woman Pilot in Egypt’, Ninety-Nine News: Magazine of the International Women Pilots, November 1991, Vol. 17, No. 9 edition.

  Louisa Atkinson

  Chisholm, A. H., ‘Atkinson, Caroline Louisa (1834–1872)’, in Australian Dictionary of Biography (Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, n.d.); http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/atkinson-caroline-louisa-2910.

  Clarke, Patricia, Pioneer Writer: the Life of Louisa Atkinson: Novelist, Journalist, Naturalist (Allen & Unwin, 1990).

  Louise Mack

  Phelan, Nancy, The Romantic Lives of Louise Mack (St. Lucia, Qld.: University of Queensland Press, 1991).

  Lozen

  Aleshire, Peter, Warrior Woman: The Story of Lozen, Apache Warrior and Shaman (St. Martin’s Press, 2015).

  Ball, Eve and Kaywaykla, James (narrator) In the days of Victorio: Recollections of a Warm Springs Apache (Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1970).

  Lucy
Hicks Anderson

  ‘Lucy Hicks Anderson’, We’ve Been Around website. Accessed July 29, 2017; http://www.wevebeenaround.com/lucy/.

  Luisa Moreno

  Johnson, Gaye Theresa, ‘Constellations of Struggle: Luisa Moreno, Charlotta Bass, and the Legacy for Ethnic Studies’, Aztlán: A Journal of Chicano Studies 33, no. 1 (2008): 155–72.

  Ruiz, Vicki, ‘Una Mujer Sin Fronteras’, Pacific Historical Review 73, no. 1 (2004): 1–20.

  Margery Kempe

  Kempe, Margery, The Book of Margery Kempe (DS Brewer, 2004); https://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&lr=&id=LypF-lv_ZXgC&oi=fnd&pg=PR6&dq=margery+kempe&ots=GNkTQe1xas&sig=_j1wq6Av80JEVww65jrxSj5pRZk.

  Temple, Liam Peter, ‘Returning the English “Mystics” to Their Medieval Milieu: Julian of Norwich, Margery Kempe and Bridget of Sweden’, Women’s Writing, 23, no. 2 (2016): 141–58.

  Tuthill, Janet, ‘Margery Kempe: A Mirror of Change in Late-Medieval England’ (State University of New York at Stony Brook, 2016); http://search.proquest.com/openview/2ad6495aad62d5f57511c35da5865277/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y.

  Marie Chauvet

  Glover, Kaiama L., ‘“Black” Radicalism in Haiti and the Disorderly Feminine: The Case of Marie Vieux Chauvet’, Small Axe 17, no. 1 40 (March 1, 2013): 7–21; doi:10.1215/07990537-1665407.

  Glover, Kaiama L., ‘Daughter of Haiti: Marie Vieux Chauvet’, in Toward an Intellectual History of Black Women (Chapel Hill, North Carolina: UNC Press Books, 2013).

  Mary Wollstonecraft

  Gordon, Charlotte, Romantic Outlaws: The Extraordinary Lives of Mary Wollstonecraft and Mary Shelley (London: Hutchinson, 2015).

  Taylor, Barbara, ‘Wollstonecraft, Mary (1759–1797)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford University Press, 2014).

  Mercedes de Acosta

  Schanke, Robert A., ‘That Furious Lesbian’: The Story of Mercedes de Acosta, Theater in the Americas (Carbondale, Ill.; London: Southern Illinois University Press; Eurospan, 2003).

  Mirabal Sisters

  Robinson, Nancy, ‘Women’s Political Participation in the Dominican Republic: The Case of the Mirabal Sisters’, Caribbean Quarterly, 52, no. 2–3 (June 1, 2006): 172–83; doi:10.1080/00086495.2006.11829706.

  ‘The Assassination of the Mirabal Sisters’, Witness, BBC World Service. Accessed July 29, 2017; http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p04h454t.

  Miriam Makeba

  Allen, Lara, Remembering Miriam Makeba: (4 March 1932–10 November 2008) (Taylor & Francis, 2008); http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.2989/JMAA.2008.5.1.6.789.

  Bordowitz, Hank. Noise of the World: Non-Western Musicians in Their Own Words (Brooklyn, NY: Soft Skull Press, 2005).

  Ewens, Graeme, ‘Obituary: Miriam Makeba’, Guardian, November 11, 2008; http://www.theguardian.com/music/2008/nov/11/miriam-makeba-obituary.

  Kaurismäki, Mika, Mama Africa, Documentary, 2011; http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1543029/.

  Murasaki Shikibu

  ‘Beyond The Tale of Genji: Murasaki Shikibu as Icon and Exemplum in Seventeenth- and Eighteenth-Century Popular Japanese Texts for Women’, ResearchGate. Accessed July 29, 2017; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/279315379_Beyond_The_Tale_of_Genji_Murasaki_Shikibu_as_Icon_and_Exemplum_in_Seventeenth-_and_Eighteenth-Century_Popular_Japanese_Texts_for_Women.

  ‘Murasaki Shikibu | Japanese Courtier and Author’, Encyclopedia Britannica. Accessed July 29, 2017; https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shikibu-Murasaki.

  Nana Asma’u

  Azuonye, Chukwuma, ‘Feminist or Simply Feminine? Reflections on the Works of Nana Asmā’u, a Nineteenth-Century West African Woman Poet, Intellectual, and Social Activist’, Meridians: Feminism, Race, Transnationalism, 6, no. 2 (2006): 54–76.

  Dangana, Muhammad, ‘The Intellectual Contribution of Nana Asma’u to Women’s Education in Nineteenth-Century Nigeria’, Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs 19, no. 2 (1999): 285–90.

  Nancy Wake

  Bailey, Roderick, ‘Wake, Nancy Grace Augusta (1912-2011)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford University Press, 2015).

  Leech, Graeme, ‘Fearless Matriarch of Resistance’, The Australian, August 8, 2011; http://at.theaustralian.com.au/link/04b8b68e785a9578e2db9dd19d17b702?domain=theaustralian.com.au.

  Stafford, David, ‘Nancy Wake Obituary’, Guardian, August 8, 2011; http://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/aug/08/nancy-wake-obituary.

  Nell Gwynn

  Beauclerk, Charles, Nell Gwyn: A Biography (Thistle Publishing, 2015).

  Nellie Bly

  Bly, Nellie, Ten Days in a Mad-House (New York, NY: CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2011).

  ‘Nellie Bly | American Journalist’, Encyclopedia Britannica. Accessed July 29, 2017; https://www.britannica.com/biography/Nellie-Bly.

  Njinga of Angola

  Heywood, Linda M., Njinga of Angola: Africa’s Warrior Queen (Cambridge, Massachusetts; London, England: Harvard University Press, 2017).

  Noor Inayat Khan

  Basu, Shrabani, Spy Princess: The Life of Noor Inayat Khan, 1st edition (New Lebanon, NY: Omega Publications, Inc., 2007).

  Olympe de Gouges

  Brown, Gregory S., ‘The Self-Fashionings Of Olympe De Gouges, 1784-1789’, Eighteenth-Century Studies, 34, no. 3 (20010301): 19.

  Gouges, Olympe de, Déclaration des droits de la femme et de la citoyenne (Autrement, 2011); http://www.cairn.info/combats-de-femmes-1789-1799--9782746703971-page-223.htm.

  Mousset, Sophie, Women’s Rights and the French Revolution: A Biography of Olympe de Gouges (Transaction Publishers, 2011).

  Rivas, Joshua, ‘The Radical Novelty of Olympe de Gouges’, Nottingham French Studies, 53 (2014): 345–58.

  Pancho Barnes

  Japenga, Ann, ‘Pancho Barnes: An Affair With the Air Force: Ex-Socialite, Stunt Pilot, Club Owner Had the Right Stuff’, Los Angeles Times, November 17, 1985; http://articles.latimes.com/1985-11-17/news/vw-6714_1_pancho-barnes.

  Tate, Grover ‘Ted’, The Lady Who Tamed Pegasus: The Story of Pancho Barnes (Aviation Book Co, 1984).

  Phillis Wheatley

  Carretta, Vincent, Phillis Wheatley: Biography of a Genius in Bondage (University of Georgia Press, 2014).

  Frund, Arlette, ‘Phillis Wheatley, a Public Intellectual’, in Toward an Intellectual History of Black Women (Chapel Hill, North Carolina: UNC Press Books, 2013).

  Wheatley, Phillis, The Collected Works of Phillis Wheatley (Oxford University Press, 1988).

  Policarpa Salavarrieta

  Adams, Jerome R., Notable Latin American Women: Twenty-Nine Leaders, Rebels, Poets, Battlers, and Spies, 1500-1900 (McFarland, 1995).

  Queen Liliuokalani

  Borch, Fred L., ‘The Trial by Military Commission of Queen Liliuokalani’, Army Lawyer, August 2014.

  Queen Nanny of the Maroons

  Gottlieb, Karla, The Mother of Us All: A History of Queen Nanny, Leader of the Windward Jamaican Maroons (Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, 1998).

  Qutulun

  May, Timothy, The Mongol Empire: A Historical Encyclopedia, (ABC-CLIO, 2016).

  Raden Ajeng Kartini

  Kartini, Ibu, On Feminism and Nationalism: Kartini’s Letters to Stella Zeehandelaar, 1899-1903, Translated and with an Introduction by Joost Coté (Clayton, Vic.: Monash Asia Institute, 1995).

  Wargadiredja, Arzia Tivany, ‘Kartini Was a Feminist Hero. So Why Is Her Holiday All About Beauty Pageants and Cooking Classes?’ Vice. Accessed July 30, 2017; https://www.vice.com/en_id/article/aem7zp/kartini-was-a-feminist-hero-so-why-is-her-holiday-all-about-beauty-pageants-and-cooking-classes.

  Rani Chennamma

  Wodeyar, Sadashiva S., Rani Chennamma (National Book Trust, India, 1977).

  Rosa Luxemburg

  Evans, Kate, Red Rosa: A Graphic Biography of Rosa Luxemburg, Edited by Paul Buhle (Brooklyn, NY: Verso Books, 2015).

  ‘Rosa Luxemburg’, In Our Time, BBC Radio 4, Accessed July 29, 2017; http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b08lfc77.

  Sappho
r />   Mendelsohn, Daniel, ‘How Gay Was Sappho?’, The New Yorker, March 9, 2015; http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/03/16/girl-interrupted.

  Seondeok of Silla

  ‘Jungjong of Joseon – New World Encyclopedia’, Accessed July 29, 2017; http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Jungjong_of_Joseon.

  Myung-ho, Shin, ‘Annals of the Joseon Dynasty Brought to Life by the Digital Era’, Koreana: A Quarterly on Korean Art & Culture, 2008; http://koreana.kf.or.kr/pdf_file/2008/2008_AUTUMN_E022.pdf.

  Sofia Perovskaya

  Bridenthal, Renate, Koona, Claudia and Mosher Stuard, Susan, Becoming Visible: Women in European History (Houghton Mifflin, 1987).

  Porter, Cathy, Fathers and Daughters: Russian Women in Revolution, 1st edition (London: Virago Press Ltd, 1976).

  Sojourner Truth

  Smiet, Katrine, ‘Post-Secular Truths: Sojourner Truth and the Intersections of Gender, Race and Religion’, European Journal of Women’s Studies 22, no. 1 (2015): 7–21.

  ‘Sojourner Truth | American Evangelist and Social Reformer’, Encyclopedia Britannica. Accessed July 29, 2017; https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sojourner-Truth.

  ‘Sojourner Truth’s Original “Ain’t I a Woman” Speech’, The Sojourner Truth Project. Accessed July 29, 2017; https://www.thesojournertruthproject.com/.

  Truth, Sojourner, Narrative of Sojourner Truth (Penguin, 1998); https://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&lr=&id=pt0vYONVXx4C&oi=fnd&pg=PT24&dq=sojourner+truth+narrative&ots=OiVCu2TVAA&sig=mDKl__hBZzFLu53nQA3sZ7mlC8o.

  Voices of a People’s History of the United States, ‘Kerry Washington reads Sojourner Truth’, online video clip, YouTube; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yg3AYiRT4no

  Sophie Scholl

  Newborn, Jud and Dumbach, Annette, Sophie Scholl and the White Rose, Rev. ed. (Oxford: Oneworld, 2006).

  Sophie Scholl – The Final Days, Zeitgeist Films, 2006.

  Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz

  Yugar, Theresa A., Sor Juana Inés de La Cruz: Feminist Reconstruction of Biography and Text (Wipf and Stock, 2014).

  Sorghaghtani Beki

  Allsen, Thomas, ‘The Rise of the Mongolian Empire and Mongolian Rule in North China’, The Cambridge History of China, 6 (1994): 321–413.

  Subh

  Glacier, Osire, Political Women in Morocco: Then and Now, 1st edition (Trenton, NJ: Red Sea Press, US, 2013).