Utopia
Morley, Baron see Parker, Henry
Mortimer, Margaret (wife of Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk)
Mortimer’s Cross, Battle of (1461)
Morton, Cardinal John (Archbishop of Canterbury and Lord Chancellor)
Mountjoy, Baron see Blount, William
Munday, John (goldsmith)
Namur
national traits, English
Nattres, James
Navarre
Neville, Edward (brother of Third Baron Abergavenny)
Neville, Sir George (Third Baron Abergavenny)
New Romney
Newcastle
Newfoundland
Newgate Gaol
Norfolk, dukes of see Howard, Thomas (Second Duke of Norfolk); Howard, Thomas (Third Duke of Norfolk)
Norris, Henry
North Marston, Shrine of Master John Shorn
North-West Passage, search for
Northampton Castle
Northumberland, Duke of see Dudley, John
Northumberland, earls of see Percy, Henry (Fifth Earl of Northumberland); Percy, Henry (Sixth Earl of Northumberland)
Norwich
Oath of Succession
Orio, Lorenzo (Venetian ambassador)
Ormond, earls of see Butler, James (Ninth Earl of Ormond); Butler, Thomas (Seventh Earl of Ormond)
Owen Tudor (father of Edmund Tudor)
Oxenbridge, Anne (Mrs Anne Luke; nurse)
Oxenbridge, Geoffrey (Bailiff of Winchelsea)
Oxford, Earl of see de Vere, John
Pace, Richard (Latin secretary to Henry VIII)
Palsgrave, John (tutor)
Parker, Henry (Tenth Baron Morley)
Parr, Katherine (sixth wife of Henry VIII)
Parron, William (astrologer)
Pasqualigo, Lorenzo
Paul III, Pope
Paul’s Cross, London
Pavia, Battle of (1525)
Pechy, Sir John
Pembroke, Earl of see Jasper Tudor
Pembroke Castle
Penshurst
Percy, Lady Alianore (wife of Edward Stafford, Duke of Buckingham)
Percy, Algernon (Fifth Earl of Northumberland)
Percy, Henry (Sixth Earl of Northumberland)
Peter the Martyr, St
Peter Pomegranate (ship)
Philip, Archduke of Burgundy (later Philip I of Castile)
Philip von Lichtenstein
Philippines
Piel Castle
Pilgrimage of Grace (1537)
Pip (Keeper of the King’s fool)
piracy
Pisa, General Council of Catholic Church (1511)
Pius III, Pope
plague
Plantagenet, Arthur (Viscount Lisle; bastard son of Edward IV)
Plantagenet, Edward (Seventeenth Earl of Warwick)
Plantagenet, George (First Duke of Clarence)
Plymouth
Pointes, Elizabeth (nurse)
Pole, Arthur (cousin of Duke of Buckingham)
Pole, Sir Geoffrey
Pole, Henry (First Baron Montague)
Pole, Henry (son of First Baron Montague)
Pole, Margaret (Countess of Salisbury)
Pole, Cardinal Reginald
Pole, Sir Richard
Pool, William (sergeant-at-arms to Lady Margaret Beaufort and Katherine of Aragon)
popes:
Adrian VI
Alexander VI
Clement VII
Innocent VIII
Julius II
Leo X
Paul III
Pius III
Poppenruyter, Hans (gunmaker)
Porter, Sir William
Poynings, Sir Edward
expedition to Low Countries
Poyntz, Francis
printing
Privy Chamber, role and regulations of
Provence
Puttenham, Frideswide (rocker of the royal cradle)
Pynson, Richard (printer)
Radcliffe, Sir John (Ninth Baron Fitzwalter; Lord Steward)
Radcliffe, Robert (Tenth Baron Fitzwalter; later First Viscount Fitzwalter and First Earl of Sussex)
Rastell, John
Read, James (public notary)
recognisances
Reformation
Regent (ship)
Reinteria
Rennes Cathedral
Retinue of Spears (royal bodyguard)
Richard, Griffith (Receiver General to Katherine of Aragon)
Richard II
Richard III (earlier Duke of Gloucester)
coronation
defeat at Bosworth
Lord Protector
names Earl of Lincoln as heir
and ‘Princes in the Tower’
tomb
Richard, Duke of York (son of Edward IV)
Richford, William (preacher)
Richmond, Duke of see Fitzroy, Henry
Richmond, Earl of see Edmund Tudor
Richmond Palace, Surrey
Roberts, Thomas (murderer)
Rochford, viscounts see Boleyn, George; Boleyn, Sir Thomas
Rome, sack of 1527
Romsey
Roper, Henry (page)
Roper, John (Attorney General)
Roper, Margaret (daughter of Thomas More)
Roper, William (son-in-law of Thomas More)
Rothelin, Louis, Marquis de
Royal Book, The
Rut, John (explorer)
Ruthal, Thomas (secretary to Henry VII; Bishop of Durham)
Sacheverell, John
St John, Maurice (great-nephew of Lady Margaret Beaufort)
St John’s College, Cambridge
St Paul’s Cathedral
Salisbury, Countess of see Pole, Margaret
Salviati, Prior Bernard (nephew of Pope Clement VII)
Salviati, Giacomo (second secretary to Pope Clement VII)
Samson (ship)
San Sebastian
Sancta Maria
Sander, Nicholas
Sandwich, Kent
Sandys, Sir William
Sanga, Giovanni (secretary to Pope Clement VII)
Santa Domingo
Savoy Hospital, London
Sayes Court
Schwarz, Martin (mercenary captain)
Seymour, Jane (third wife of Henry VIII)
Sforza, Maximilian, Duke of Milan
Shakespeare, William
Sharpe, John (Gentleman Usher)
Sheen, Palace of
Sherborne, Robert (Dean of St Paul’s and ambassador to Vatican)
Sheriff Hutton
Shorn, John (rector of North Marston)
Shrewsbury, Earl of see Talbot, Sir George
Simnel, Lambert (imposter and pretender to the throne)
Simons, Richard (Oxford scholar-priest)
Simpson, Thomas (master of axes)
Skelton, John (poet and tutor to Henry)
Skevington, Sir John (Sheriff of London)
Skidmore, Avice
smallpox
Smith, William (prisoner)
Somerset, Charles (Lord Herbert, later 1st Earl of Worcester; Lord Chamberlain)
Southampton
Southwell, Sir Robert (Chief Butler of England)
Spears, Retinue of (royal bodyguard)
Spinelly, Thomas (agent in Low Countries)
Spurs, Battle of (1513)
St-Jean-de-Luz
Stafford, Edward (Third Duke of Buckingham)
antecedents and claim to throne
character
chief mourner at funeral of Henry VII
at coronation of Henry VIII
Henry’s affair with sister
marriage and children
trial and execution
wealth
Stafford, Henry (brother of Third Duke of Buckingham; later First Earl of Wiltshire)
Stafford, Sir Henry (husband of Lady Margaret Beaufort)
S
tanley, George (Ninth Baron Strange)
Stanley, Thomas, (Second Baron Stanley; later First Earl of Derby; husband of Lady Margaret Beaufort)
Stanley, Thomas (Second Earl of Derby)
Stanley, Sir William (brother of Thomas Stanley; Lord Chamberlain)
Stewart, Henry (First Lord Methven; husband of Margaret Tudor)
Stile, John (ambassador in Spain)
Stoke Field, Battle of (1487)
Succession, Oath of
sudor Anglicus see sweating sickness
Suffolk, Duke of see Brandon, Charles
Suffolk, Earl of see de la Pole, Edmund
Supremacy, Act of (1534)
Surrey, earls of see Howard, Thomas (later Second Duke of Norfolk); Howard, Thomas (later Third Duke of Norfolk)
Swallow (ship)
sweating sickness (sudor Anglicus)
Swift, Jonathan
Swynford, Katherine
Syon Abbey
syphilis
Tadcaster
Talbot, Sir George (Fourth Earl of Shrewsbury; Lord Steward and Chamberlain of the Exchequer)
Talboys, Elizabeth see Blount, Elizabeth
Talboys, Sir Gilbert
Taunton
Taylor, John (chaplain)
tennis
tertian fever
Tewkesbury, Battle of (1471)
Thérouanne
Thomas, Thomas (pardoned prisoner)
Thomas, William (Groom of Henry VIII’s Privy Chamber)
Thomas of Woodstock (son of Edward III)
Thornbury
Thorne, Robert (Bristol merchant)
Throgmorton, Sir George
Tilbury
Titulus Regius statute (1483)
Torrigiano, Pietro (sculptor)
Tothill Fields, London
Tournai
Tournehem
Tower of London
menagerie
St Peter ad Vincula Church
White Tower
Yeomen of the Guard
imprisonments and executions: Anne Boleyn Edward de la Pole, Earl of Suffolk
Edward Plantagenet, Earl of Warwick
Edward Stafford, Duke of Buckingham
Edward V and Richard, Duke of York (‘Princes in the Tower’)
John Fisher, Bishop of Rochester
last of Yorkist nobility
Perkin Warbeck
Richard Empson and Edmund Dudley
Suffolk plotters
Warbeck plotters
tuberculosis
Tunstall, Cuthbert (Bishop of Durham and London)
‘Twelve Apostles’ (cannon)
Tyburn
Tyler, William (groom)
Tyrell, Sir James
Ushaw College
Usk
Valencia
Valla, Lorenzo
Valois, Katherine of (widow of Henry V)
van der Gheynst, Johanna (mistress of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor)
Vaughan, Sir Hugh
Venetian Signory
Vergil, Polydore
Vernon, Sir Henry
Vertue, Robert (architect)
Vicary, Thomas (surgeon)
Vienna
Vives, Juan Luis
De institutione feminæ
Wall, Thomas (Lancaster Herald)
Walsingham, Shrine of Our Lady
Wanstead
Warbeck, Perkin (pretender to the throne)
Ward, Thomas
Warham, William (Archbishop of Canterbury and Lord Chancellor)
coronation of Henry
death
marriage of Henry and Katherine of Aragon
opening of Parliament
Warwick, Earl of see Plantagenet, Edward
Waterford
Welles, Richard
West, Nicholas (Bishop of Ely)
Westminster: St Margaret’s Church St Stephen’s Chapel
Westminster Abbey
Henry VII Chapel
Westminster, Palace of:
Henry VIII’s secret apartments
Holbein Gate
Painted Chamber
Parliament Chamber
Queen’s Closet
Westminster Hall
White Hall
Westminster, Treaty of (1511)
Weston, Richard (Groom of Henry VII’s Privy Chamber)
wet nurses
Wigan (imprisoned ex-footman)
Wiggins, Richard (footman)
Wilford, Ralph (shoemaker’s son; pretender to the throne)
Willesden, shrine of Our Lady of
Williams, John (footman)
Willoughby, Sir Anthony
Willoughby, Sir Henry
Wiltshire, Earl of see Stafford, Henry
Winchester
Winchester Cathedral
Windsor, Sir Andrew (Keeper of the Great Wardrobe)
Windsor Castle St George’s Chapel
Wingfield, Sir Richard (Chancellor of Duchy of Lancaster)
Wissant
Woking
Wolman, Richard (lawyer)
Wolsey, Cardinal Thomas
almoner to Henry VIII
annulment of marriage of Henry and Katherine of Aragon
becomes de facto Chief Minister
burial of Prince Henry, first son of Henry VIII
candidacy for pope
chaplain to Henry VII
contracts sweating sickness
creation of Henry Fitzroy as Duke of Richmond
downfall and death
Field of Cloth of Gold meeting
gains favour of Henry VIII
godfather to Henry Brandon and Princess Mary
honours and preferments
illegitimate children
Lord Chancellor
marriage of Mary Tudor to Duke of Suffolk
Mass for dying Henry VII
trial and execution of Edward Stafford, Duke of Buckingham
war against French
York Place
Woodstock
Woodville, Catherine (wife of Jasper Tudor, Earl of Pembroke)
Woodville, Elizabeth (wife of Edward IV)
Worcester
Worcester Cathedral
Worley, Henry (goldsmith)
Worsley, William (Dean of St Paul’s)
Wriothesley, Sir Thomas (Garter King of Arms)
Writhe, Sir John (Garter King of Arms)
Wyatt, Henry (master of king’s jewel house)
Wyatt, Thomas, the Elder
Wyatt, Thomas, the Younger
Wyndham, Sir John
York, Cecily of
York, Elizabeth of (mother of Henry VIII)
birth of children
coronation
death
death of Prince Arthur
education
marriage to Henry VII
tomb
York, Margaret of (dowager Duchess of Burgundy)
York Place, London
PHOTO INSERTS
1. Henry VII, painted c.1501. His claim to the throne of England was fragile and he faced a succession of claimants and pretenders throughout his reign. The insecurity of the Tudor dynasty was heightened when he lost his son and heir Arthur and a third son died in infancy. Only Henry was left.
2. Elizabeth of York – Henry VIII’s beloved mother – painted c.1502, the year before her death. Years afterwards, he wrote about the wound inflicted upon him by her loss. This portrait was first recorded in the Royal Collection during his reign.
3. Lady Margaret Beaufort praying in the robes of a vowess, c.1500. Henry’s pious grandmother acted as regent until his eighteenth birthday and her death, five days after his coronation, severed the last shackle of his sequestered childhood and youth.
4. Prince Arthur, painted c.1520. He wears a collar of red and white Tudor roses and a badge bearing the figure of St John the Baptist on his hat. However, some scholars have suggested that the portrait is of a young Henry.
5. Henry as a child. This drawing
of a chubby toddler is inscribed ‘le Roy henry d’angleterre’ although the style of his ostrich-plumed hat looks nearly four decades later and throws some doubt on the identification of the subject.
6. Bust of a laughing child, possibly Henry VIII, c.1498, by Guido Mazzoni. Probably commissioned by Henry VII after Mazzoni failed to win the commission to design and carve the King’s tomb.
7. Prince Henry’s bede roll which promised divine protection from a variety of perils, as well as shortening the agony of Purgatory. Henry gave the prayer roll to one of his servants, William Thomas, some time before 1509. Thomas was one of the two witnesses at Henry’s quiet wedding to Katherine of Aragon at Greenwich on 11 June 1509.
8. Henry VII on his deathbed. This drawing by Sir Thomas Wriothesley, Garter King of Arms, shows the gentleman usher William Fitzwilliam closing the King’s eyes. Ranged around the bed are Richard Fox, Bishop of Winchester, and one of the King’s chief ministers; members of his household and three doctors holding long-necked bottles for urine – a vital method of evaluating symptoms in sixteenth-century medicine.
9. Katherine of Aragon aged about twenty, c.1504 – 5. Eyes cast down, demure Katherine endured frequent periods of illness and abject poverty in the lonely years at Durham House, near Charing Cross, after the death of her young husband Arthur in 1502.
10. Henry aged about twenty-two, painted c.1513 – the earliest known portrait of him as King. A Venetian ambassador described him at this time as having ‘a round face so very beautiful that it would become a pretty woman’.
11. Henry VIII, painted c.1520 at the peak of his power with everything to look forward to – military glory, prowess in the tiltyard, but where were his lusty Tudor heirs?
12. Miniature of Henry VIII, painted c.1525 – 7 by Lucas Horenbout. One of a group of six miniatures of the King painted by this artist in this period for diplomatic gifts. Half show Henry clean-shaven and the remainder with a beard: Katherine of Aragon did not like the King with a beard and insisted that he shaved it off.
13. Henry VIII jousting at the tournament to celebrate the birth of a son and heir. But his joy was short-lived: Prince Henry lived just fifty-three days before dying, probably from meningitis.
Young Henry: The Rise of Henry VIII Page 45
