Alfred Russel Wallace

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by Peter Raby


  Other Sources

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  Bates, Henry Walter, The Naturalist on the River Amazons, with a memoir by Edward Clodd, 2 vols. (John Murray, 1892)

  Beddall, Barbara G., ‘Wallace, Darwin, and the theory of natural selection’, Journal of the History of Biology, 1 (1968), 261–323

  —— (ed.), Wallace and Bates in the Tropics (Macmillan, 1969)

  —— ‘Wallace, Darwin, and Edward Blyth: further notes on the development of evolutionary theory’, Journal of the History of Biology, 5 (1972), 153–8

  Brackman, Arnold C., A Delicate Arrangement: The Strange Case of Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace (New York, Times Books, 1980)

  Bronowski, Jacob, The Ascent of Man (BBC Publications, 1973)

  Brooks, John L., Just Before the Origin: Alfred Russel Wallace’s Theory of Evolution (New York, Columbia University Press, 1984)

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  —— Charles Darwin: Voyaging, Volume 1 of a Biography (Jonathan Cape, 1995)

  Burkhardt, Frederick, Sydney Smith et al. (eds.), The Correspondence of Charles Darwin, vols 1–11, (Cambridge University Press, 1985–)

  Camerini, Jane R., ‘Wallace in the Field’, Osiris, 2nd. ser., II (1987), 44–65

  —— ‘Evolution, Biogeography and Maps: An Early History of Wallace’s Line’, Isis 84 (1993), 44–65

  Clements, Harry, Alfred Russel Wallace: Biologist and Social Reformer (Hutchinson and Co., 1983)

  Clodd, Edward, Memoir, see Bates (1892)

  Colp Jr., Ralph, ‘“I will gladly do my best”: How Charles Darwin Obtained a Civil List Pension for Alfred Russel Wallace’, Isis 83, I (1992), 2–27

  Darwin, Charles, Journal of Researches into the Geology and Natural History of the various Countries visited by H.M.S. ‘Beagle’ (Henry Colburn, 1839; rev. edn, 1845)

  —— On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (John Murray, 1859)

  —— The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex, 2 vols. (John Murray, 1871)

  Darwin, Francis (ed.), The Life and Letters of Charles Darwin, 3 vols. (John Murray, 1888)

  Darwin–Wallace Centenary Celebrations, Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London, 170 (1958), 119

  Daws, Gavan, and Marty Fujita, Archipelago, the Islands of Indonesia: From the Nineteenth-Century Discoveries of Alfred Russel Wallace to the Fate of Forests and Reefs in the Twenty-First Century (Berkeley and Los Angeles, University of California Press, 1999)

  Desmond, Adrian, Huxley: The Devil’s Disciple (Michael Joseph, 1994)

  —— and James Moore, Darwin (Michael Joseph, 1991)

  —— Huxley: Evolution’s High Priest (Michael Joseph, 1997)

  Durant, John R., ‘Scientific naturalism and social reform in the thought of Alfred Russel Wallace’, British Journal of the History of Science, 12 (1979), 31–58

  Eaton, George, Alfred Russel Wallace, 1823–1913, Biologist and Social Reformer: A Portrait of his Life and Work and a History of Neath Mechanics Institute and Museum, Neath (W. Whittington Ltd, 1986)

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  Gould, Stephen Jay, ‘Wallace’s fatal flaw’, Natural History 89 (1980), 26–40

  Huxley, Leonard (ed.), The Life and Letters of Thomas Henry Huxley, 2 vols. (Macmillan, 1900)

  —— (ed.), The Life and Letters of Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker, 2 vols. (John Murray, 1918)

  Knapp, Sandra, Footsteps in the Forest: Alfred Russel Wallace in the Amazon (Natural History Museum, 1999)

  Kohn, David (ed.), The Darwinian Heritage (Princeton NJ, Princeton University Press, 1985)

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  —— ‘Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace: Two Decades of Debate over Natural Selection’, in David Kohn (ed.), The Darwinian Heritage, 367–431

  Loewenberg, Bert J., Darwin, Wallace, and the Theory of Natural Selection (Cambridge, Mass., Arlington Books, 1959)

  Lyell, K. M. (ed.), The Life, Letters and Journals of Sir Charles Lyell, 2 vols. (John Murray, 1881)

  McKinney, H. Lewis, ‘Alfred Russel Wallace and the discovery of natural selection’, Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences 21 (1966), 333–57

  —— ‘Wallace’s earliest observations on evolution’, Isis, 60 (1969), 370–73

  —— Wallace and Natural Selection (New Haven and London, Yale University Press, 1972)

  Malinchak, Michele, ‘Spiritualism and the Philosophy of Alfred Russel Wallace’, Ph. D. thesis, Drew University, Madison, New Jersey, 1987

  Marchant, James (ed.), Alfred Russel Wallace: Letters and Reminiscences, 2 vols. (Cassell, 1916)

  Mayr, Ernst, The Growth of Biological Thought: Diversity, Evolution, and Inheritance (Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Press, 1982)

  Moore, James R., ‘Wallace’s Malthusian Moment: The Common Context Revisited’, in Bernard Lightman (ed.), Victorian Science in Context (Chicago University Press, 1997), 290–311

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  Quammen, David, The Song of the Dodo: Island Biogeography in an Age of Extinction (Hutchinson, 1996)

  Schwartz, Joel S., ‘Darwin, Wallace, and The Descent of Man’, Journal of the History of Biology, 17 (1984), 271–89

  —— ‘Alfred Russel Wallace and “Leonainie”: a hoax that would not die’, Victorian Periodicals Review, 17 (1984), 3–15

  —— ‘Darwin, Wallace, and Huxley, and Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation’, Journal of the History of Biology, 23 (1990), 127–53

  Spruce, Richard, Notes of a Botanist on the Amazon and Andes, see Wallace (1908)

  Severin, Tim, The Spice Islands Voyage: In Search of Wallace (Little, Brown and Co., 1997)

  Smith, Charles H. (ed.), Alfred Russel Wallace: An Anthology of his Shorter Writings (Oxford University Press, 1991)

  Smith, R., ‘Alfred Russel Wallace: Philosophy of Nature and Man’, British Journal of the History of Science, 6, 2, 22 (1972), 179–91

  Turner, Frank M., Between Science and Religion: the Reaction to Scientific Naturalism in late Victorian Britain (New Haven and London, Yale University Press, 1974)

  Williams-Ellis, Amabel, Darwin’s Moon: A Biography of Alfred Russel Wallace (Blackie, 1966)

  Wilson, John G., The Forgotten Naturalist: In Search of Alfred Russel Wallace (Kew, Victoria, Arcadia, 2000)

  Wilson, Leonard G. (ed.), Sir Charles Lyell’s Scientific Journals on the Species Question (New Haven, Yale University Press, 1970)

  Wollaston, A. F. R., Life of Alfred Newton (John Murray, 1921)

  Young, Robert M., Darwin’s Metaphor: Nature’s Place in Victorian Culture (
Cambridge University Press, 1985)

  Abbreviations

  ARW

  Alfred Russel Wallace

  BL

  British Library

  CCD

  Burkhardt, Smith et al. (eds.), The Correspondence of Charles Darwin

  CUL

  Cambridge University Library

  LR

  James Marchant (ed.), Letters and Reminiscences of Alfred Russel Wallace

  MA

  ARW, The Malay Archipelago

  ML

  ARW, My Life, 1908 one-volume edition, unless otherwise indicated

  NA

  Henry Walter Bates, The Naturalist on the River Amazons

  OMNH

  Oxford Museum of Natural History (Hope Library)

  RBG, Kew

  Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew

  RGS

  The Archives of the Royal Geographical Society (with the Institute of British Geographers)

  TA

  ARW, Travels on the Amazon and Rio Negro

  WFA

  Wallace family archive

  ZSL

  Zoological Society, London

  Index

  The page references in this index correspond to the printed edition from which this ebook was created. To find a specific word or phrase from the index, please use the search feature of your ebook reader.

  Aberdare, Lord 225

  Adelboden 264

  Agassiz, Alexander 237

  Agassiz, Louis 174

  agouti 41

  Alchemilla alpina 262

  Alexandro (Amazon) 42

  Ali (Malay Archipelago) 110, 115, 118, 123, 124, 125, 134, 140, 142, 154, 156

  Allen, Charles 4, 93, 101, 105, 106, 107, 108, 116, 146, 147, 152

  Allen, Grant 3, 254–55, 257

  alligators 52, 69

  Allingham, Helen 228

  Allingham, William 227–28, 231, 232, 234

  Amboyna (Ambon) 128, 146

  America 235–49

  American Society for Psychical Research 238

  Ampanam 113

  Analcipus sanguinolentus 158

  Annals and Magazine of Natural History 44, 84, 90, 104, 107, 125, 174

  Anthropological Review 206

  Anthropological Society 175–76

  Antonio (Amazon) 39, 41

  Antony, Senhor Henrique 53, 55, 56

  Apis dorsata 155

  Argus pheasant 96

  Argyll, Duke of 196, 225

  Arjuna, Mount 157

  Arnica cordifolia 248

  Aroyas 43

  Aru Islands 116, 119–24, 125, 146; passage to 117–18

  Athenaeum 157, 173, 197, 217

  Attalea funifera 90

  Ayer-panas 95

  babirusa 145, 280

  Bacan see Batchian

  Baderoon (Malay Archipelago) 115, 118, 119, 120, 122, 124

  Baker, James 244

  Bali 112, 113, 114

  Banca 159

  Banda 128

  Barra (Manaos) 53, 55–56, 76, 78, 80

  Barrett, William 217, 222

  Barton-in-the-Cley 15

  Baso (Malay Archipelago) 115

  Batavia (Jakarta) 158, 159

  Batchian (Bacan) 142

  Bates, Frederick 133

  Bates, Henry Walter: Amazon, departure for 31; Amazon expeditions 35, 36, 37, 39, 42, 43, 44–45, 51, 54, 56, 76, 80, 83; Amazon profits 83; character 45; Darwin and 153, 159, 180; death 260–61; employment 179, 180; fatherhood 171; illness 76; marriage 171; mimicry and 167; natural selection and 173; Naturalist on the River Amazons 91, 172–73; parents’ disapproval 56; self-education 22; species and 56, 79, 127–28, 172; Wallace: divides spheres of interest with 56; first meeting with 22; friendship with 1, 26, 28, 167; joint expedition with 28; lost collections and 84; pension 225; Sarawak paper 127; separates from in Amazon 44–45; species, discussions about 45, 56, 127; and Wallace, Herbert 76; women and 36; Zoological Society and 164

  Bateson, W. 282

  Bau 101

  Beccari, Odoardo 101

  Beddall, Barbara 287

  bee-eater 114

  bee-hunters 154

  bees 154–55

  Belém see Pará

  Bell, Thomas 85

  bell birds 54–55

  Bellamy, Edward 255

  Bengal 94

  Bentham, George 29–30, 50, 224

  Besant, Annie 258

  Bessir 150

  Bethnal Green Museum 206, 208, 211

  Bileling 113

  Birch, Frederick 265, 276

  birds of paradise: bringing one back to England 159–60, 160–62; buying 124; Great Paradise bird 116, 122; King Bird of Paradise 116, 120–22; new form 143; search for 135–37, 140, 148; Wallace, meaning of for 160; see also Paradisea

  Blake, Charles Carter 175

  blue morphos 41

  Blyth, Edward 111, 134, 197

  Boisduval, J. A. 91

  Bombay 160

  Bonaparte, Lucien 91

  Borneo Company 112

  Boston 236, 237

  Bouru 155–56

  Bowring, John 112

  Brackman, Arnold 287, 288

  Brandao, Senhor 56

  Branner, Dr 243

  Brecon Hills 19

  bristle-tailed manikin 54

  British Association for the Advancement of Science: Bath meeting 180; Cambridge meeting 169; Dundee meeting 194; Exeter meeting 204; Leeds meeting 140; Liverpool meeting 208; Newcastle meeting 174; Nottingham meeting 188; Swansea meeting 28–29

  British Museum 124, 179, 194, 199

  British Ornithologists Union 163

  Brooke, Sir James (Rajah): piracy and 100; Wallace and 87, 100, 101, 109–10, 168; Wallace as guest 101, 109–10, 168

  Brooks, John L. 287–89

  Brown, Robert 139

  Bruce-Joy, Albert 265–66

  Bryanthus empetriformis 248

  Buckley, Arabella 167, 212–13, 214, 225, 226

  Bugis 140, 151

  Buitenzorg 158

  Bukit-tima 94

  buprestis 105, 119

  Busk, George 164

  Butler, Frank 220, 290

  Butler, Samuel 12, 187

  Caiman gibbus 69

  Cajeli 156

  Calistro, Senhor 46

  Callithea sapphira 50, 51–52

  Cambridge Ghost Club 192

  Cametá 42

  Canada 239, 248–49

  Candolle, Alphonse de 216, 281

  Capim river 46

  Carduus heterophyllus 25

  caripe tree 39

  Carlyle, Thomas 231–32

  Carpenter, William 187, 189, 217

  Cassell 283

  Cassiquiare river 62, 67

  cedar 41, 42

  Cedrela odorata 41

  Celebes (Sulawesi) 115–16, 124, 125, 144–56

  Ceram 143, 146, 150, 155

  Ceylon (Sri Lanka) 94

  Chambers, Robert: spiritualism and 191–92, 194; Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation 26–27, 91, 102

  Chapman and Hall 271, 274

  Charaxes kadenii 158

  chatterers 42, 61, 79

  chinchona plants 182

  Cincinnati 243, 244

  Clark, J. W. 153

  Clianthus dampieri 262

  cockatoos 103, 113–14

  cocks-of-the-rock (Gallos de Serra) 61, 63–64, 65, 66

  Coleoptera 28, 29

  collectors 29, 30, 50, 85–86

  colonialism, Dutch 144–45

  Combes, George 22, 23

  Conrad, Joseph 292–93

  Contemporary Review 228

  Conurus carolineae 47

  Cook, Florence 238

  Cope, Edward 240

  Coquille, La 136

  Cornelius 146

  Coues, Elliot 240

  Coupang 153

  Cowper, William 70, 71

  creation theory 27

  Crookes, William 190, 208, 217, 279

  Crutwell,
Clement 10, 17

  Crutwell, Mrs 13

  Crystal Palace, Ethnological Department 86–87

  Crystal Palace Company 160

  cuckoos 95, 114

  Curtis, John 85

  cuscus 106

  Cynogale bennetti 106

  Cyphogastra calepyga 119

  Darwin, Charles: Bates and 159, 172, 180; collecting network 114; death 230; finches and 27–28; letter missing 290; Lyell and 112; Malay Archipelago, reaction to 200–1; Malay Archipelago dedicated to 198, 200; man, discussion of delayed 134, 175; natural selection: Lyell and 112; man and 179; presentation with Wallace at Linnean Society 21, 138–39; priority and 139, 173, 287–91; originality, concern for 289; pangenesis hypothesis 196, 197; public controversy, avoidance of 290; publication urged on 112; religion and 292; reputation 291; sexual selection 196; son Charles, illness and death 138; spiritualism and 188, 190, 239; Wallace: collecting for Darwin 114–15; correspondence with 114–15, 125–27, 153–54, 159, 224; estimate of 172, 173; as guest of 168, 197; Higher Intelligence theories and 203, 205–6; influence on 289; lecture on 278, 279; meeting with 91; pension for 221, 222, 223–24, 225, 226; relationship with 168, 173, 291; Sarawak paper and 111, 125–25, 133–34; Ternate paper and 134, 137–39;

  writings: autobiography 132; Descent of Man 201, 209, 292; Journal of the Voyage of the Beagle 19, 102; Life and Letters 277; Origin of Species 139, 142, 144, 146, 150, 152–53, 158, 164, 168, 288, 292; ‘Species and Varieties’ 129; Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication 196, 197; Worms 230

  Darwin, Erasmus 27

  Darwin, Francis 264, 277, 287, 288

  Davis, Dr Joseph 112

  Davos 263, 264

  Denton, William 236

  Dias, Antonio 68

  Dickinson, Mrs (medium) 238

  Dillwyn, Lewis Weston 25, 29

  Dipteris horsfieldii 96

  Dobbo 119–20, 124

  Dodinga 130, 133

  Doleschall, Dr 128

  Dolgellau 188

  Domingo (Amazon) 42

  Dorey 135, 140

  Doten, Lizzie 273

  Doubleday, Edward 29, 30

  doves 95

  Duivenboden, Herr 129, 134

  Duncombe, Thomas Slingsby 9

  durians 107, 109

  Dyaks 105, 107, 108, 109

  Earl, G. W. 86

  Eastwood, Alice 244, 247–48

  Edinburgh Review 153

  Edwards, William 30, 42, 243

  Ega 56, 84

 

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