The History of Tom Jones (Penguin Classics)

by Henry Fielding

  CHAPTER X.

  In which Mr. Western visits Mr. Allworthy.

  Mr. Allworthy was now retired from Breakfast with his Nephew, well satisfied with the Report of the young Gentleman’s successful Visit to Sophia, (for he greatly desired the Match, more on Account of the young Lady’s Character than of her Riches) when Mr. Western broke abruptly in upon them, and without any Ceremony began as follows.

  ‘There, you have done a fine Piece of Work truly. You have brought up your Bastard to a fine Purpose; not that I believe you have had any Hand in it neither, that is, as a Man may say, designedly; but there is a fine Kettle of Fish made on’t up at our House.’ ‘What can be the Matter, Mr. Western?’ said Allworthy. ‘O Matter enow of all Conscience; my Daughter hath fallen in Love with your Bastard, that’s all; but I won’t ge her a Hapenny, not the Twentieth Part of a Brass Varden. I always thought what would come o’ breeding up a Bastard like a Gentleman, and letting un come about to Vok’s Houses. Its well vor un I could not get at un, I’d a licked un, I’d a spoil’d his Caterwauling, I’d a taught the Son of a Whore to meddle with Meat for his Master. He shan’t ever have a Morsel of Meat of mine, or a Varden to buy it: If she will ha un, one Smock shall be her Portion. I’ll sooner ge my Esteate to the zinking Fund, that it may be sent to Hannover to corrupt our Nation with.’1 ‘I am heartily sorry,’ cries Allworthy. ‘Pox o’ your Sorrow,’ says Western, ‘it will do me Abundance of Good, when I have lost my only Child, my poor Sophy, that was the Joy of my Heart, and all the Hope and Comfort of my Age; but I am resolved I will turn her out o’ Doors; she shall beg and starve, and rot in the Streets. Not one Hapenny, not a Hapenny shall she ever hae o’ mine. The Son of a Bitch was always good at finding a Hare sitting; an be rotted to’n, I little thought what Puss he was looking after; but it shall be the worst he ever vound in his Life. She shall be no better than Carrion; the Skin o’er is all he shall ha, and zu you may tell un.’ ‘I am in Amazement,’ cries Allworthy, ‘at what you tell me, after what passed between my Nephew and the young Lady no longer ago than Yesterday.’ ‘Yes, Sir,’ answered Western, ‘it was after what passed between your Nephew and she that the whole Matter came out. Mr. Blifil there was no sooner gone than the Son of a Whore came lurching about the House. Little did I think, when I used to love him for a Sportsman, that he was all the while a poaching after my Daughter.’ ‘Why, truly,’ says Allworthy, ‘I could wish you had not given him so many Opportunities with her; and you will do me the Justice to acknowledge, that I have always been averse to his staying so much at your House, tho’ I own I had no Suspicion of this Kind.’ ‘Why, Zounds!’ cries Western, ‘who could have thought it? What the Devil had she to do wi’n? He did not come there a courting to her; he came there a hunting with me.’ ‘But was it possible,’ says Allworthy, ‘that you should never discern any Symptoms of Love between them, when you have seen them so often together?’ ‘Never in my Life, as I hope to be saved,’ cries Western. ‘I never so much as zeed him kiss her in all my Life; and so far from courting her, he used rather to be more silent when she was in Company than at any other Time: And as for the Girl, she was always less civil to’n than to any young Man that came to the House. As to that Matter, I am not more easy to be deceived than another; I would not have you think I am, Neighbour.’ Allworthy could scarce refrain Laughter at this; but he resolved to do a Violence to himself: For he perfectly well knew Mankind, and had too much good Breeding and good Nature to offend the Squire in his present Circumstances. He then asked Western what he would have him do upon this Occasion. To which the other answered, ‘That he would have him keep the Rascal away from his House, and that he would go and lock up the Wench: For he was resolved to make her marry Mr. Blifil in Spite of her Teeth.’ He then shook Blifil by the Hand, and swore he would have no other Son-in-law. Presently after which he took his Leave, saying, his House was in such Disorder, that it was necessary for him to make haste home, to take care his Daughter did not give him the Slip; and as for Jones, he swore, if he caught him at his House, he would qualify him to run for the Gelding’s Plate.

  When Allworthy and Blifil were again left together, a long Silence ensued between them; all which Interval the young Gentleman filled up with Sighs, which proceeded partly from Disappointment, but more from Hatred: For the Success of Jones was much more grievous to him than the Loss of Sophia.

  At length his Uncle asked him what he was determined to do, and he answered in the following words. ‘Alas, Sir, can it be a Question what Step a Lover will take, when Reason and Passion point different Ways? I am afraid it is too certain he will, in that Dilemma, always follow the latter. Reason dictates to me, to quit all Thoughts of a Woman who places her Affections on another; my Passion bids me hope she may, in Time, change her Inclinations in my Favour. Here, however, I conceive an Objection may be raised, which, if it could not fully be answered, would totally deter me from any further Pursuit. I mean the Injustice of endeavouring to supplant another, in a Heart, of which he seems already in Possession; but the determined Resolution of Mr. Western shews, that in this Case I shall, by so doing, promote the Happiness of every Party; not only that of the Parent, who will thus be preserved from the highest Degree of Misery, but of both the others, who must be undone by this Match. The Lady, I am sure, will be undone in every Sense: For, besides the Loss of most Part of her own Fortune, she will be not only married to a Beggar, but the little Fortune which her Father cannot with-hold from her, will be squandered on that Wench, with whom I know he yet converses— Nay, that is a Trifle: For I know him to be one of the worst Men in the World: For had my dear Uncle known what I have hitherto endeavoured to conceal, he must have long since abandoned so profligate a Wretch.’ ‘How,’ said Allworthy, ‘hath he done any Thing worse than I already know? Tell me, I beseech you.’ ‘No,’ replied Blifil, ‘it is now past, and perhaps he may have repented of it.’ ‘I command you, on your Duty,’ said Allworthy, ‘to tell me what you mean.’ ‘You know, Sir,’ says Blifil, ‘I never disobeyed you; but I am sorry I mentioned it, since it may now look like Revenge, whereas, I thank Heaven, no such Motive ever entered my Heart; and if you oblige me to discover it, I must be his Petitioner to you for your Forgiveness.’ ‘I will have no Conditions,’ answered Allworthy, ‘I think I have shewn Tenderness enough towards him, and more perhaps than you ought to thank me for.’ ‘More, indeed, I fear than he deserved,’ cries Blifil; ‘for in the very Day of your utmost Danger, when myself and all the Family were in Tears, he filled the House with Riot and Debauchery. He drank and sung and roared; and when I gave him a gentle Hint of the Indecency of his Actions, he fell into a violent Passion, swore many Oaths, called me Rascal, and struck me.’ ‘How!’ cries Allworthy, ‘did he dare to strike you?’ ‘I am sure,’ cries Blifil, ‘I have forgiven him that long ago. I wish I could so easily forget his Ingratitude to the best of Benefactors; and yet, even that I hope you will forgive him, since he must have certainly been possessed with the Devil: For that very Evening, as Mr. Thwackum and myself were taking the Air in the Fields, and exulting in the good Symptoms which then first began to discover themselves, we unluckily saw him engaged with a Wench in a Manner not fit to be mentioned. Mr. Thwackum, with more Boldness than Prudence, advanced to rebuke him, when (I am sorry to say it) he fell upon the worthy Man, and beat him so outrageously, that I wish he may have yet recovered the Bruises. Nor was I without my Share of the Effects of his Malice, while I endeavoured to protect my Tutor: But that I have long forgiven; nay, I prevailed with Mr. Thwackum to forgive him too, and not to inform you of a Secret which I feared might be fatal to him. And now, Sir, since I have unadvisedly dropped a Hint of this Matter, and your Commands have obliged me to discover the Whole, let me intercede with you for him.’ ‘O Child,’ said Allworthy, ‘I know not whether I should blame or applaud your Goodness, in concealing such Villainy a Moment: But where is Mr. Thwackum? Not that I want any Confirmation of what you say; but I will examine all the Evidence of this Matter, to justify to the
World the Example I am resolved to make of such a Monster.’

  Thwackum was now sent for, and presently appeared. He corroborated every Circumstance which the other had deposed; nay, he produced the Record upon his Breast, where the Handwriting of Mr. Jones remained very legible in Black and Blue. He concluded with declaring to Mr. Allworthy, that he should have long since informed him of this Matter, had not Mr. Blifil, by the most earnest Interpositions, prevented him. ‘He is,’ says he, ‘an excellent Youth; though such Forgiveness of Enemies is carrying the Matter too far.’

  In Reality, Blifil had taken some Pains to prevail with the Parson, and to prevent the Discovery at that Time; for which he had many Reasons. He knew that the Minds of Men are apt to be softened and relaxed from their usual Severity by Sickness. Besides, he imagined that if the Story was told when the Fact was so recent, and the Physician about the House, who might have unravelled the real Truth, he should never be able to give it the malicious Turn which he intended. Again, he resolved to hoard up this Business, till the Indiscretion of Jones should afford some additional Complaints; for he thought the joint Weight of many Facts falling upon him together, would be the most likely to crush him; and he watched therefore some such Opportunity as that with which Fortune had now kindly presented him. Lastly, by prevailing with Thwackum to conceal the Matter for a Time, he knew he should confirm an Opinion of his Friendship to Jones, which he had greatly laboured to establish in Mr. Allworthy.

  CHAPTER XI.

  A short Chapter; but which contains sufficient Matter to affect the good-natured Reader.

  It was Mr. Allworthy’s Custom never to punish any one, not even to turn away a Servant, in a Passion. He resolved, therefore, to delay passing Sentence on Jones till the Afternoon.

  The poor young Man attended at Dinner, as usual; but his Heart was too much loaded to suffer him to eat. His Grief too was a good deal aggravated by the unkind Looks of Mr. Allworthy; whence he concluded that Western had discovered the whole Affair between him and Sophia: But as to Mr. Blifil’s Story, he had not the least Apprehension; for of much the greater Part he was entirely innocent; and for the Residue, as he had forgiven and forgotten it himself, so he suspected no Remembrance on the other Side. When Dinner was over, and the Servants departed, Mr. Allworthy began to harangue. He set forth, in a long Speech, the many Iniquities of which Jones had been guilty, particularly those which this Day had brought to Light; and concluded by telling him, ‘That unless he could clear himself of the Charge, he was resolved to banish him from his Sight for ever.’

  Many Disadvantages attended poor Jones in making his Defence; nay, indeed, he hardly knew his Accusation: For as Mr. Allworthy, in recounting the Drunkenness, & c. while he lay ill, out of Modesty sunk every thing that related particularly to himself, which indeed principally constituted the Crime; Jones could not deny the Charge. His Heart was, besides, almost broken already; and his Spirits were so sunk, that he could say nothing for himself; but acknowledged the Whole, and, like a Criminal in Despair, threw himself upon Mercy; concluding, ‘That tho’ he must own himself guilty of many Follies and Inadvertencies, he hoped he had done nothing to deserve what would be to him the greatest Punishment in the World.’

  Allworthy answered, ‘That he had forgiven him too often already, in Compassion to his Youth, and in Hopes of his Amendment: That he now found he was an abandoned Reprobate, and such as it would be criminal in any one to support and encourage. Nay,’ said Mr. Allworthy to him, ‘your audacious Attempt to steal away the young Lady calls upon me to justify my own Character in punishing you. The World, who have already censured the Regard I have shewn for you, may think, with some Colour at least of Justice, that I connive at so base and barbarous an Action. An Action of which you must have known my Abhorrence; and which, had you had any Concern for my Ease and Honour, as well as for my Friendship, you would never have thought of undertaking. Fie upon it, young Man! indeed there is scarce any Punishment equal to your Crimes, and I can scarce think myself justifiable in what I am now going to bestow on you. However, as I have educated you like a Child of my own, I will not turn you naked into the World. When you open this Paper, therefore, you will find something which may enable you, with Industry, to get an honest Livelihood; but if you employ it to worse Purposes, I shall not think myself obliged to supply you farther, being resolved, from this Day forward, to converse no more with you on any Account.

  I cannot avoid saying, There is no Part of your Conduct which I resent more than your ill Treatment of that good young Man (meaning Blifil) who hath behaved with so much Tenderness and Honour towards you.’

  These last Words were a Dose almost too bitter to be swallowed. A Flood of Tears now gushed from the Eyes of Jones, and every Faculty of Speech and Motion seemed to have deserted him. It was some Time before he was able to obey Allworthy’s peremptory Commands of departing; which he at length did, having first kissed his Hands with a Passion difficult to be affected, and as difficult to be described.

  The Reader must be very weak, if, when he considers the Light in which Jones then appeared to Mr. Allworthy, he should blame the Rigour of his Sentence. And yet all the Neighbourhood, either from this Weakness, or from some worse Motive, condemned this Justice and Severity as the highest Cruelty. Nay, the very Persons who had before censured the good Man for the Kindness and Tenderness shewn to a Bastard (his own, according to the general Opinion) now cried out as loudly against turning his own Child out of Doors. The Women especially were unanimous in taking the Part of Jones, and raised more Stories on the Occasion than I have Room, in this Chapter, to set down.

  One Thing must not be omitted, that in their Censures on this Occasion, none ever mentioned the Sum contained in the Paper which Allworthy gave Jones, which was no less than Five hundred Pounds; but all agreed that he was sent away Pennyless, and some said, naked from the House of his inhuman Father.

  CHAPTER XII.

  Containing Love-Letters, & c.

  Jones was commanded to leave the House immediately, and told, that his Clothes and every Thing else should be sent to him whithersoever he should order them.

  He accordingly set out, and walked above a Mile, not regarding, and indeed scarce knowing whither he went. At length a little Brook obstructing his Passage, he threw himself down by the Side of it; nor could he help muttering, with some little Indignation, ‘Sure my Father will not deny me this Place to rest in?’

  Here he presently fell into the most violent Agonies, tearing his Hair from his Head, and using most other Actions which generally accompany Fits of Madness, Rage, and Despair.

  When he had in this Manner vented the first Emotions of Passion, he began to come a little to himself. His Grief now took another Turn, and discharged itself in a gentler Way, till he became at last cool enough to reason with his Passion, and to consider what Steps were proper to be taken in his deplorable Condition.

  And now the great Doubt was, how to act with regard to Sophia. The Thoughts of leaving her, almost rent his Heart asunder; but the Consideration of reducing her to Ruin and Beggary still racked him, if possible, more; and if the violent Desire of possessing her Person could have induced him to listen one Moment to this Alternative, still he was by no means certain of her Resolution to indulge his Wishes at so high an Expence. The Resentment of Mr. Allworthy, and the Injury he must do to his Quiet, argued strongly against this latter; and lastly, the apparent Impossibility of his Success, even if he would sacrifice all these Considerations to it, came to his Assistance; and thus Honour at last, backed with Despair, with Gratitude to his Benefactor, and with real Love to his Mistress, got the better of burning Desire, and he resolved rather to quit Sophia than to pursue her to her Ruin.

  It is difficult for any who have not felt it, to conceive the glowing Warmth which filled his Breast on the first Contemplation of this Victory over his Passion. Pride flattered him so agreeably, that his Mind perhaps enjoyed perfect Happiness; but this was only momentary; Sophia soon returned to his Imagination,
and allayed the Joy of his Triumph with no less bitter Pangs than a good-natured General must feel when he surveys the bleeding Heaps, at the Price of whose Blood he hath purchased his Laurels; for thousands of tender Ideas lay murdered before our Conqueror.

  Being resolved, however, to pursue the Paths of this Giant Honour, as the gigantic Poet Lee calls it,1 he determined to write a farewell Letter to Sophia; and accordingly proceeded to a House not far off, where, being furnished with proper Materials, he wrote as follows.

  MADAM,