The History of Tom Jones (Penguin Classics)

by Henry Fielding

  While Jones and his Mask were walking together about the Room, to rid themselves of the Teazer, he observed his Lady speak to several Masks, with the same Freedom of Acquaintance as if they had been barefaced. He could not help expressing his Surprize at this, saying, ‘Sure, Madam, you must have infinite Discernment to know People in all Disguises.’ To which the Lady answered, ‘You cannot conceive any Thing more insipid and childish than a Masquerade to the People of Fashion, who in general know one another as well here, as when they meet in an Assembly or a Drawing-room; nor will any Woman of Condition converse with a Person with whom she is not acquainted. In short, the Generality of Persons whom you see here, may more properly be said to kill Time in this Place, than in any other; and generally retire from hence more tired than from the longest Sermon. To say the Truth, I begin to be in that Situation myself; and if I have any Faculty at guessing, you are not much better pleased. I protest it would be almost Charity in me to go home for your Sake.’ ‘I know but one Charity equal to it,’ cries Jones, ‘and that is to suffer me to wait on you home.’ ‘Sure,’ answered the Lady, ‘you have a strange Opinion of me, to imagine, that upon such an Acquaintance, I would let you into my Doors at this Time o’ Night. I fancy you impute the Friendship I have shewn my Cousin, to some other Motive. Confess honestly; don’t you consider this contrived Interview as little better than a downright Assignation? Are you used, Mr. Jones, to make these sudden Conquests?’ ‘I am not used, Madam,’ said Jones, ‘to submit to such sudden Conquests; but as you have taken my Heart by Surprize, the rest of my Body hath a Right to follow; so you must pardon me if I resolve to attend you wherever you go.’ He accompanied these Words with some proper Actions; upon which the Lady, after a gentle Rebuke, and saying their Familiarity would be observed, told him, ‘She was going to sup with an Acquaintance, whither she hoped he would not follow her; for if you should,’ said she, ‘I shall be thought an unaccountable Creature, though my Friend indeed is not censorious, yet I hope you won’t follow me; I protest I shall not know what to say, if you do.’

  The Lady presently after quitted the Masquerade, and Jones, notwithstanding the severe Prohibition he had received, presumed to attend her. He was now reduced to the same Dilemma we have mentioned before, namely, the Want of a Shilling, and could not relieve it by borrowing as before. He therefore walked boldly on after the Chair in which his Lady rode, pursued by a grand Huzza, from all the Chairmen present, who wisely take the best Care they can to discountenance all walking afoot by their Betters. Luckily however the Gentry who attend at the Opera-House were too busy to quit their Stations, and as the Lateness of the Hour prevented him from meeting many of their Brethren in the Street, he proceeded without Molestation, in a Dress, which, at another Season, would have certainly raised a Mob at his Heels.

  The Lady was set down in a Street, not far from Hanover-Square, where the Door being presently opened, she was carried in, and the Gentleman, without any Ceremony, walked in after her.

  Jones and his Companion were now together in a very well-furnished and well-warm’d Room, when the Female still speaking in her Masquerade Voice, said, she was surprized at her Friend, who must absolutely have forgot her Appointment; at which after venting much Resentment, she suddenly exprest some Apprehension from Jones, and asked him what the World would think of their having been alone together in a House at that Time of Night? But instead of a direct Answer to so important a Question, Jones began to be very importunate with the Lady to unmask, and at length having prevailed, there appeared not Mrs. Fitzpatrick, but the Lady Bellaston herself.

  It would be tedious to give the particular Conversation, which consisted of very common and ordinary Occurrences, and which lasted from two till six o’Clock in the Morning. It is sufficient to mention all of it that is any wise material to this History. And this was a Promise that the Lady would endeavour to find out Sophia, and in a few Days bring him to an Interview with her, on Condition that he would then take his Leave of her. When this was thoroughly settled, and a second Meeting in the Evening appointed at the same Place, they separated; the Lady returned to her House, and Jones to his Lodgings.

  CHAPTER VIII.

  Containing a Scene of Distress, which will appear

  very extraordinary to most of our Readers.

  Jones having refreshed himself with a few Hours Sleep, summoned Partridge to his Presence; and delivering him a Bank Note of fifty Pounds, ordered him to go and change it. Partridge received this with sparkling Eyes, though when he came to reflect farther, it raised in him some Suspicions not very advantageous to the Honour of his Master; to these the dreadful Idea he had of the Masquerade, the Disguise in which his Master had gone out and returned, and his having been abroad all Night, contributed. In plain Language, the only Way he could possibly find to account for the Possession of this Note, was by Robbery; and, to confess the Truth, the Reader, unless he should suspect it was owing to the Generosity of Lady Bellaston, can hardly imagine any other.

  To clear therefore the Honour of Mr. Jones, and to do Justice to the Liberality of the Lady, he had really received this Present from her, who, though she did not give much into the Hackney Charities of the Age, such as building Hospitals, &c.1 was not, however, entirely void of that Christian Virtue; and conceived (very rightly I think) that a young Fellow of Merit, without a Shilling in the World, was no improper Object of this Virtue.

  Mr. Jones and Mr. Nightingale had been invited to dine this Day with Mrs. Miller. At the appointed Hour therefore the two young Gentlemen, with the two Girls, attended in the Parlour, where they waited from Three till almost Five before the good Woman appeared. She had been out of Town to visit a Relation, of whom, at her Return, she gave the following Account.

  ‘I hope, Gentlemen, you will pardon my making you wait; I am sure if you knew the Occasion.—I have been to see a Cousin of mine, about six Miles off, who now lies in.—It should be a Warning to all Persons (says she, looking at her Daughters) how they marry indiscreetly. There is no Happiness in this World, without a Competency. O Nancy! how shall I describe the wretched Condition in which I found your poor Cousin; she hath scarce lain in a Week, and there was she, this dreadful Weather, in a cold Room, without any Curtains to her Bed, and not a Bushel of Coals in her House to supply her with Fire: Her second Son, that sweet little Fellow, lies ill of a Quinzy in the same Bed with his Mother; for there is no other Bed in the House. Poor little Tommy! I believe, Nancy, you will never see your Favourite any more; for he is really very ill. The rest of the Children are in pretty good Health; but Molly, I am afraid, will do herself an Injury: She is but thirteen Years old, Mr. Nightingale, and yet, in my Life, I never saw a better Nurse: She tends both her Mother and her Brother; and what is wonderful in a Creature so young, she shows all the Chearfulness in the World to her Mother; and yet I saw her—I saw the poor Child, Mr. Nightingale, turn about, and privately wipe the Tears from her Eyes.’ Here Mrs. Miller was prevented, by her own Tears, from going on, and there was not, I believe, a Person present, who did not accompany her in them; at length she had a little recovered herself, and proceeded thus: ‘In all this Distress the Mother supports her Spirits in a surprizing Manner. The Danger of her Son sits heaviest upon her, and yet she endeavours as much as possible to conceal even this Concern, on her Husband’s Account. Her Grief, however, sometimes gets the better of all her Endeavours; for she was always extravagantly fond of this Boy, and a most sensible, sweet-tempered Creature it is. I protest I was never more affected in my Life, than when I heard the little Wretch, who is hardly yet seven Years old, while his Mother was wetting him with her Tears, beg her to be comforted.——Indeed, Mamma, cry’d the Child, I shan’t die; God Almighty, I’m sure, won’t take Tommy away; let Heaven be ever so fine a Place, I had rather stay here and starve with you and my Papa, than go to it.——Pardon me, Gentlemen, I can’t help it,’ (says she, wiping her Eyes) ‘such Sensibility and Affection in a Child——And yet, perhaps; he is least the Object of Pity; for a Day o
r two will, most probably, place him beyond the Reach of all human Evils. The Father is indeed most worthy of Compassion. Poor Man, his Countenance is the very Picture of Horror, and he looks rather like one dead than alive. Oh Heavens! what a Scene did I behold at my first coming into the Room! The good Creature was lying behind the Bolster, supporting at once both his Child and his Wife. He had nothing on but a thin Waistcoat, for his Coat was spread over the Bed, to supply the Want of Blankets.——When he rose up, at my Entrance, I scarce knew him. As comely a Man, Mr. Jones, within this Fortnight, as you ever beheld; Mr. Nightingale hath seen him. His Eyes sunk, his Face pale, with a long Beard. His Body shivering with Cold, and worn with Hunger too; for my Cousin says, she can hardly prevail upon him to eat.—He told me himself in a Whisper—he told me—I can’t repeat it—he said, he could not bear to eat the Bread his Children wanted. And yet, can you believe it, Gentlemen? In all this Misery, his Wife has as good Cawdle2 as if she lay in, in the midst of the greatest Affluence; I tasted it, and I scarce ever tasted better—The Means of procuring her this,’ he said, ‘he believed was sent him by an Angel from Heaven; I know not what he meant; for I had not Spirits enough to ask a single Question.

  ‘This was a Love-Match, as they call it, on both Sides; that is, a Match between two Beggars. I must indeed say I never saw a fonder Couple; but what is their Fondness good for, but to torment each other?’ ‘Indeed, Mamma,’ cries Nancy, ‘I have always looked on my Cousin Anderson (for that was her Name) as one of the happiest of Women.’ ‘I am sure,’ says Mrs. Miller, ‘the Case at present is much otherwise; for any one might have discerned that the tender Consideration of each others Sufferings, makes the most intolerable Part of their Calamity, both to the Husband and the Wife. Compared to which, Hunger and Cold, as they affect their own Persons only, are scarce Evils. Nay, the very Children, the youngest, which is not two Years old, excepted, feel in the same Manner; for they are a most loving Family; and if they had but a bare Competency, would be the happiest People in the World.’ ‘I never saw the least Sign of Misery at her House,’ replied Nancy; ‘I am sure my Heart bleeds for what you now tell me.’—‘O Child,’ answered the Mother, ‘she hath always endeavoured to make the best of every Thing. They have always been in great Distress; but, indeed, this absolute Ruin hath been brought upon them by others. The poor Man was Bail for the Villain his Brother; and about a Week ago, the very Day before her Lying-in, their Goods were all carried away, and sold by an Execution. He sent a Letter to me of it by one of the Bailiffs, which the Villain never delivered.—— What must he think of my suffering a Week to pass before he heard of me?’

  It was not with dry Eyes that Jones heard this Narrative; when it was ended, he took Mrs. Miller apart with him into another Room, and delivering her his Purse, in which was the Sum of 50l. desired her to send as much of it as she thought proper to these poor People. The Look which Mrs. Miller gave Jones, on this Occasion, is not easy to be described. She burst into a Kind of Agony of Transport, and cry’d out,——‘Good Heavens! Is there such a Man in the World?’—But recollecting herself, she said, ‘Indeed I know one such; but can there be another?’ ‘I hope, Madam,’ cries Jones, ‘there are many who have common Humanity: For to relieve such Distresses in our Fellow-Creatures, can hardly be called more.’ Mrs. Miller then took ten Guineas, which were the utmost he could prevail with her to accept, and said, ‘She would find some Means of conveying them early the next Morning;’ adding, that she had herself done some little Matter for the poor People, and had not left them in quite so much Misery as she found them.

  They then returned to the Parlour, where Nightingale express’d much Concern at the dreadful Situation of these Wretches, whom indeed he knew; for he had seen them more than once at Mrs. Miller’s. He inveighed against the Folly of making oneself liable for the Debts of others; vented many bitter Execrations against the Brother; and concluded with wishing something could be done for the unfortunate Family. ‘Suppose, Madam,’ said he, ‘you should recommend them to Mr. Allworthy? Or what think you of a Collection? I will give them a Guinea with all my Heart.’

  Mrs. Miller made no Answer; and Nancy, to whom her Mother had whispered the Generosity of Jones, turned pale upon the Occasion; though if either of them was angry with Nightingale, it was surely without Reason. For the Liberality of Jones, if he had known it, was not an Example which he had any Obligation to follow; and there are Thousands who would not have contributed a single Halfpenny, as indeed he did not in Effect, for he made no Tender of any thing; and therefore as the others thought proper to make no Demand, he kept his Money in his Pocket.

  I have in Truth observed, and shall never have a better Opportunity than at present to communicate my Observation, that the World are in general divided into two Opinions concerning Charity, which are the very reverse of each other. One Party seems to hold, that all Acts of this Kind are to be esteemed as voluntary Gifts, and however little you give (if indeed no more than your good Wishes) you acquire a great Degree of Merit in so doing.— Others, on the contrary, appear to be as firmly persuaded, that Beneficence is a positive Duty, and that whenever the Rich fall greatly short of their Ability in relieving the Distresses of the Poor, their pitiful Largesses are so far from being meritorious, that they have only Performed their Duty by Halves, and are in some Sense more contemptible than those who have entirely neglected it.

  To reconcile these different Opinions is not in my Power. I shall only add, that the Givers are generally of the former Sentiment, and the Receivers are almost universally inclined to the latter.

  CHAPTER IX.

  Which treats of Matters of a very different Kind from those in the preceding Chapter.

  In the Evening Jones met his Lady again, and a long Conversation again ensued between them; but as it consisted only of the same ordinary Occurrences as before, we shall avoid mentioning Particulars, which we despair of rendring agreeable to the Reader; unless he is one whose Devotion to the fair Sex, like that of the Papists to their Saints, wants to be raised by the Help of Pictures. But I am so far from desiring to exhibit such Pictures to the Public, that I would wish to draw a Curtain over those that have been lately set forth in certain French Novels; very bungling Copies of which have been presented us here, under the Name of Translations.1

  Jones grew still more and more impatient to see Sophia; and finding, after repeated Interviews with Lady Bellaston, no Likelihood of obtaining this by her Means; (for, on the contrary, the Lady began to treat even the Mention of the Name of Sophia with Resentment;) he resolved to try some other Method. He made no Doubt but that Lady Bellaston knew where his Angel was, so he thought it most likely, that some of her Servants should be acquainted with the same Secret. Partridge therefore was employed to get acquainted with those Servants, in order to fish this Secret out of them.

  Few Situations can be imagined more uneasy than that to which his poor Master was at present reduced; for besides the Difficulties he met with in discovering Sophia, besides the Fears he had of having disobliged her, and the Assurances he had received from Lady Bellaston of the Resolution which Sophia had taken against him, and of her having purposely concealed herself from him, which he had sufficient Reason to believe might be true; he had still a Difficulty to combat, which it was not in the Power of his Mistress to remove, however kind her Inclination might have been. This was the exposing of her to be disinherited of all her Father’s Estate, the almost inevitable Consequence of their coming together without a Consent, which he had no Hopes of ever obtaining.

  Add to all these the many Obligations which Lady Bellaston, whose violent Fondness we can no longer conceal, had heaped upon him; so that by her Means he was now become one of the best dress’d Men about Town; and was not only relieved from those ridiculous Distresses we have before-mentioned, but was actually raised to a State of Affluence, beyond what he had ever known.

  Now though there are many Gentlemen who very well reconcile it to their Consciences to possess themselves of the w
hole Fortune of a Woman, without making her any Kind of Return; yet to a Mind the Proprietor of which doth not deserve to be hang’d, nothing is, I believe, more irksome than to support Love with Gratitude only; especially where Inclination pulls the Heart a contrary Way. Such was the unhappy Case of Jones; for tho’ the virtuous Love he bore to Sophia, and which left very little Affection for any other Woman, had been entirely out of the Question, he could never have been able to have made an adequate Return to the generous Passion of this Lady, who had indeed been once an Object of Desire; but was now entered at least into the Autumn of Life; though she wore all the Gayety of Youth both in her Dress and Manner; nay, she contrived still to maintain the Roses in her Cheeks; but these, like Flowers forced out of Season by Art, had none of that lively blooming Freshness with which Nature, at the proper Time, bedecks her own Productions. She had, besides, a certain Imperfection, which renders some Flowers, tho’ very beautiful to the Eye, very improper to be placed in a Wilderness of Sweets, and what above all others is most disagreeable to the Breath of Love.

  Though Jones saw all these Discouragements on the one Side, he felt his Obligations full as strongly on the other; nor did he less plainly discern the ardent Passion whence those Obligations proceeded, the extreme Violence of which if he failed to equal, he well knew the Lady would think him ungrateful; and, what is worse, he would have thought himself so. He knew the tacit Consideration upon which all her Favours were conferred; and as his Necessity obliged him to accept them, so his Honour, he concluded, forced him to pay the Price. This therefore he resolved to do, whatever Misery it cost him, and to devote himself to her, from that great Principle of Justice, by which the Laws of some Countries oblige a Debtor who is no otherwise capable of discharging his Debt, to become the Slave of his Creditor.