A History of War in 100 Battles

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A History of War in 100 Battles Page 46

by Richard Overy


  Galtieri, Gen. Leopoldo 367, 369

  Ganelon 214

  Garibaldi, Giuseppe 72–5, 169

  Gaugamela, Battle of 28, 30–2

  Gaul/Gauls 33, 34, 35, 269–71

  Gehlen, Gen. Reinhard 253, 254

  Geneva Conventions 18, 168

  Genghis Khan 15, 47–50, 136–7, 144

  Genoa 151, 153, 332, 334

  George Brankovic, King of Serbia 108

  George II, King of Great Britain 29

  German States 96–9, 158–61, 224–6, 276–9

  see also Bavaria; Prussia; Saxony

  Germany 79–81, 184–92, 195–7, 198, 207, 224, 225, 226, 247–55, 269, 302–8, 311–17, 320, 321–51, 353, 355–8, 361–4

  Gettysburg, Battle of 137, 262–3, 265, 296–9

  Giap, Gen. Vo Nguyen 259, 365, 366

  Gil, Capt. Gabriel 132

  Giustiniani Longo, Giovanni 332, 334

  Glaber, Caius Cludius 211–12

  Gloucester, Gilbert de Clare, 8th

  Earl of 52–3

  Glyn, Col. Richard 117

  Gneisenau, Lt. Gen. August von 342

  Go-Yozei, Emperor of Japan 337

  Goebbels, Joseph 81

  Gordon, Gen. Charles George 124

  Göring, Mshl. Hermann 190

  Goths 269, 328–31

  Grant, John 334

  Grant, Ulysses 243

  Grasse, RAdm. François de 241

  Gratian 329–30

  Graves, RAdm. Thomas 241

  Gravina, Adm. Federico 62

  Great Northern War 164–8

  Great Plains, Battle of the 324

  Greek War of Independence 290–3

  Greeks, ancient 14, 20, 86–9, 138–40, 208–10, 266–8

  grenades 181

  Grouchy, Mshl. Emmanuel de 342

  group solidarity 264

  Grüningen, Dietrich von 225

  Guadalcanal 308–11

  guerrilla warfare 259–61, 312

  Guevara, Ernesto ‘Che’ 28, 131–3

  Gulf War

  First 201–3

  Second 203

  gunpowder 136, 143–4, 145

  Gustavus Adolphus II, King of Sweden 158–61

  Guthrum 91–3

  Gyrth Godwinson 45

  Gyulai, FM Ferenc 168–9

  H

  Habsburg Empire 57–9, 113–15, 158–61, 172, 230, 234–7

  Haig, Gen. Douglas 127, 184, 305, 307

  Haller, Gen. Józef 77

  Hampton Roads, Battle of 137

  Hancock, Maj. Gen. Winfield 297, 298

  Hannibal Barca 33–5, 137, 324–8, 338

  Harald Hardrada, King of Norway 43, 44–5

  Harfleur, Siege of 104

  Harold Godwinson (Harold II), King of England 29, 42–7, 265

  Harris, Air Chf. Mshl. Arthur 197

  Hasdrubal 35

  Hastings, Battle of 29, 42–7, 265

  Hattin, Battle of 280

  Hausser, Gen. Paul ‘Papa’ 80

  heat 21–2

  Hector 210

  Heiden, Adm. Count Lodewijk van 290–1, 292

  Helen of Troy 208, 210

  Henry V, King of England 104–7

  Hentsch, Lt. Col. Richard 351

  Herodotus 20, 86, 87, 89, 210

  Hill, Lt. Gen. Ambrose 297

  Hindenburg, FM Paul von 347, 349

  Hirohito, Emperor of Japan 200

  Hiroshima 198–201

  Hitler, Adolf 16, 79, 80–1, 189, 190, 192, 225, 249, 250, 251, 252, 255, 354, 361, 362, 363

  Hittites 207, 208, 296, 322–4

  Ho Chi Minh 364, 366

  Hobbes, Thomas 18

  Hoflmann, Gen. Max 347, 348

  Hohenfriedberg, Battle of 207, 234–7

  Holland, VAdm. Lancelot 356

  Holy Land 279–82

  Holy League 57–9, 151–3

  Holy Roman Empire 96

  Homer 208, 209, 210

  Hook, Pt. Henry 120

  Hooker, Joseph 296

  hope 21, 264–5

  Horn, FM Gustav 161

  Horton, Adm. Sir Max 197

  Hoth, Gen. Hermann 362, 363

  Howard of Effingham, Adm. Lord Charles 155, 157, 158

  Howe, Col. William 238

  Hue, Battle of 261

  Hülegü Khan 144, 145

  Hundred Years War 104–7, 146–50

  Hungary 53–6, 108, 269, 271, 276–9

  Huns 329

  Hunyadi, Capt. Gen. János 108–10

  Hunyadi, László 108

  Hussein, King of Jordan 256, 258

  Hussein, Saddam 201–3

  Hyakutake, Gen. Haruyoshi 309, 311

  I

  Ibrahim Pasha 53–6, 290, 291

  imperialism 121

  improvization 320, 349

  India 110–13, 315

  Indian Wars 243–6

  Indochina War see Vietnam War

  infiltration 259–60

  innovation 8, 12, 13, 134–203, 136–7

  intelligence 195, 207, 235, 247, 248, 251, 253, 254, 258, 260, 356, 358–9

  Iran-Iraq War 201, 202

  Iraq 201–3

  Ireland 94–6

  Ireton, Gen. Henry 163, 164

  irregular warfare 136

  Isandlwana, Battle of 117, 120

  Ishida, Mitsunari 335, 337

  Islam 16, 19, 99–103, 108–10, 124, 144, 150–3, 183, 214–16, 272–6, 331, 334

  Israel 256–9

  Italy 72–5, 83, 96–9, 120–3, 168–71, 247–9, 265, 314–17, 320, 338–41

  Ivanov, Gen. Nikola 182

  J

  Jackson, Sir George 289

  Jackson, Brig. Gen. Thomas ‘Stonewall’ 293–6

  Jameson, Leander Starr 176

  janissaries 151

  Japan 128–30, 178–81, 192–4, 198–201, 308–11, 318–19, 335–7, 358–60

  jihad 17, 19, 99–103

  Jin dynasty 47–50

  Joffre, Gen. Joseph 303, 305, 350–1

  John III Sobieski, King of Poland-Lithuania 57–9

  John of Austria, Don 151–3

  John of Luxembourg, King of Bohemia 150

  John Sigismund II, King of Hungary 55

  Johnston, Gen. Joseph 294–5

  Jordan 256, 258, 259

  Jordanes 269

  Jubal, Maj. Gen. 298

  K

  Kadesh, Battle of 206, 207, 322–4

  Kallimachos 266, 268

  Kara Mustafa Pasha 57–9

  Karlowitz, Treaty of 59

  Keegan, John 17

  Keith, Sir Robert 51

  Kellermann, Gen. François-Christophe 60–1, 341

  Kempf, Gen. Werner 80

  Khalifa ’Abdullahi 124, 125

  Kharkov, Third Battle of 79–81

  Khartoum, Siege of 124

  Khe Sanh, Battle of 260, 261

  Kimmel, RAdm. Husband E. 194

  King, Adm. Ernest 197

  Kitchener, Col. Horatio Herbert 124–7

  Kleidion-Strumitsa, Battle of 216–19

  Kleist, Gen. Paul von 188

  Kluck, Gen. Alexander von 350–1

  Knights Hospitaller 280, 282

  Knights Templar 280

  Kobayakawa, Hideaki 335, 336, 337

  Kolin, Battle of 235

  Konev, Gen. Ivan 362, 363

  Königgrätz (Sadowa), Battle of 171–5

  Konishi Yukinaga 337

  Krasnov, Lt. Gen. Pyotr 353–4

  Kuroda, Dom Daimia 337

  Kursk, Battle of 81, 361–4

  Kutuzov, FM Mikhail 68, 69, 282, 283–4

  Kuwait 201–3

  L

  Laelius, Gaius 328

  Lafayette, Maj. Gen. Marquis de 241, 242

  Lake Peipus, Battle of 25, 224–6

  Lame White Man 245

  laser technology 203

  leadership 8, 12, 26–81, 28–9, 282

  Lechfeld, Battle of 276–9, 320

 
Lee, Gen. Robert E. 8, 137, 296–9

  Leese, Gen. Oliver 314

  Legnano, Battle of 28, 96–9

  Leipzig, Battle of 287–90

  Lenin, Vladimir Ilyich 75, 78, 181, 352

  Leofwine Godwinson 45

  Leonidas, King of Sparta 87, 88

  Leopold I, Emperor of Austria 57–9

  Lepanto, Battle of 19, 136, 137, 150–3, 154

  Leuctra, Battle of 138–40, 278

  Leuthen, Battle of 113–15, 140

  levies 17

  Lewenhaupt, Gen. Adam 167

  Li Ying 49

  Libyan War 181

  Lichtenstein, Jean-Joseph, Prince of 68

  Ligny, Battle of 342

  Lincoln, Abraham 293, 298, 299

  Little Big Horn, Battle of the 243–6, 265

  ‘Little Boy’ 199

  Livonians 225

  Lloyd George, David 184

  Lobengula Khumalo, King of the Matabele 175–7

  Lombard League 97–9

  London, Treaty of 290

  longbowmen 105–7, 150

  Longstreet, Gen. James 137, 297–8, 298

  Lopatin, Gen. Alexander 312

  Lorraine, Charles, Prince of 113, 114, 115, 235

  Louis II, King of Hungary 54, 55–6

  Louis XIV, King of France 230

  Louis XVI, King of France 59

  Louis XVIII, King of France 341

  Louis-Philippe, King of France 274

  Lucchese, Gen. 114, 115

  luck 13, 320

  Ludendorff, Gen. Erich 347, 349

  Luftwaffe 190–2

  Lupicinus 329

  Lütjens, VAdm. Günther 356

  Lützen, Battle of 161, 287–8

  M

  MacDonald, Angus Óg 51, 53

  MacDonald, Capt. Donald 238

  McDowell, Gen. Irvin 293, 294–5

  Macedonians 30–2

  machine guns 175–7, 307

  MacMahon, Gen. Patrice 170

  Magenta, Battle of 169

  Magyars 276–9, 320

  Mahdist War 16, 124–7, 307

  Mahmud II, Sultan 290

  Maipú, Battle of 70–2

  Makonnen, Ras 121

  Malaya 128–30

  Malthus, Thomas 16

  Mamluks 84, 144–5

  Manassas, First Battle of 293–6, 321

  Manhattan Project 198

  manoeuvre warfare 14

  Manonda 177

  Manoury, Gen. Michel-Joseph 350

  Manstein, FM Erich von 8, 28, 79–81, 314, 361, 362

  Mantinea, Battle of 140

  Manzikert, Battle of 220–4

  Marathon, Battle of 89, 266–8

  Marengo, Battle of 25, 338–41

  Maria-Theresa, Empress of Austria 115, 235

  Marinid Empire 99, 102

  Marlborough, John Churchill, 1st Duke of 206, 230–4

  Marne, First Battle of the 349–51

  Marsin, Count Ferdinand de 231, 234

  Marxism 214

  Mary I, Queen of England 154

  Mashonaland 176

  Masinissa, Prince of Numidia 324, 325

  maskirovka (camouflaging of intentions) 253

  mass artillery 164, 165–8

  Matabele War, First 175–7

  Maurice, Prince of the Palatinate 163

  Maxentius, Emperor 40–1

  Maxim, Hiram Stevens 175

  Maxim guns 175–7, 307

  Mazaeus 31

  Meade, Gen. George 296, 297, 298, 299

  Medici, Giacomo 74

  Medina Sidonia, Duke of 154, 156, 158

  Mehmed IV, Sultan 57

  Mehmet II, Sultan 19, 108–10, 331–4

  Mehmet Sükrü Pasha 182, 183

  Melas, Gen. Michael von 338–41

  Menelaus, King of Sparta 208, 210

  Menelik, Emperor of Ethiopia 120–3, 264

  Menendez, Brig. Gen. Mario 367, 368, 369

  Menshikov, Prince Alexander 167

  mercenaries 17

  Merode, Comte de 21

  Merovingian kingdom 272–6

  Metaurus, Battle of the 35

  Metternich, Prince 288

  Mexico 226–9

  Midway, Battle of 320, 358–60

  Milan, Edict of 42

  Milkov, Radul 181

  Miltiades 266–8

  Milton, John 226

  Milvian Bridge, Battle of the 10–11, 40–2

  Minin, S.K. 354

  Mir Jafar 111, 112

  Mir Madan 112

  misinformation 207, 235, 241, 250, 254, 257, 259, 260

  missiles 202

  Mitchell, Brig. Gen. Billy 192, 194

  Mithridates VI, King of Pontus 90

  Moctezuma II, ruler of Tenochtitlán 227–8

  Model, FM Walter 362–3

  Mohács, Battle of 53–6

  Mojan Chinchung 49

  Mollwitz, Battle of 235

  Moltke, Gen. Helmuth von (the Elder) 173, 175

  Moltke, Gen. Helmuth von (the Younger) 349, 351

  Möngke Khan 144

  Mongols 15, 24, 25, 47–50, 84, 143–5, 264

  Monstrelet, Enguerrand de 106

  Montcalm-Gozon, Gen. Louis-Joseph de, Marquis de Saint Veran 238–9

  Monte Cassino, Fourth Battle of 314–17

  Montebello, Battle of 169

  Montgomery, FM Bernard 247–9

  Moore, Maj Gen. Jeremy 369

  morale 13, 85, 258, 310

  Moray, Earl of 52

  Morcar, Earl 44

  Mori, Hidemoto 335, 337

  Morocco 99–103

  Mount Vesuvius, Battles of 207, 211–14

  Mowbray, Sir Philip 51

  Mughal Empire 110–13

  Murat, Mshl. Joachim 284, 288–9

  Murchad 95, 96

  Mussolini, Benito 211

  Mustafa Kemal 183

  Mutual Assured Destruction (MAD) 200

  Muwatalli II, King of the Hittites 322, 323

  Mycale, Battle of 89

  N

  Nádasti, Gen. Franz 115

  Nagasaki 198–201

  Nagumo, VAdm. Chuichi 193, 358–60

  Napoleon I, Emperor of France 5, 8, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 28, 62, 64, 65–9, 70, 254, 282–90, 321, 338–46

  Napoleon III, Emperor of France 168, 170, 171

  Napoleonic Wars 21, 22, 23, 24, 62–9, 282–90, 341–6

  Naseby, Battle of 20, 162–4

  Nasser, Gamal Abdul 256, 257, 259

  Nations, Battle of the 287–90

  naval battles 24, 136, 137, 264, 355, 357–8

  Navarino Bay, Battle of 290–3

  Navarre, Gen. Henri 364

  Ne’arin 323

  Nebogatov, RAdm. Nikolai 179, 180, 181

  Nelson, Adm. Horatio 26–7, 62–5, 237

  Nestoritsa 217

  Netherlands 187, 188, 230

  Neva, Battle of the 225

  New Model Army 162–4

  New Zealand 315

  Ney, Mshl. Michel 284, 342, 343

  Ngo Dinh Diem 366

  Nicholas II, Tsar of Russia 178

  nick of time, in the 12, 319–69, 320–1

  night goggles 202

  Nile, Battle of the 62

  Normandy, Invasion of 204–5, 206–7, 249–52

  Normans 42–7

  North, Lord Frederick 240

  Noyan, Kitbuqa 144–5

  Ntshingwayo, Chief 117

  nuclear weapons 85, 136, 198–201

  Numidians 34, 324, 325, 328

  O

  oblique formation/attack 137, 139, 140

  Octavian 14, 25, 35, 38–9

  Odda, Ealdorman of Devon 92

  Odo, Bishop 44

  Odo the Great 272–3, 276

  Oenomaus 212

  O’Higgins, Gen. Bernardo 70–1

  Okey, Col. John 163, 164

  Omdurman, Battle of 16, 124–7, 307

  Operation Albatross 366

  Operation Ba
gration 253–5

  Operation Barbarossa 207, 224, 226, 255

  Operation Blue 311

  Operation Bodyguard 249, 250

  Operation Castor 364

  Operation Citadel 361, 363

  Operation Desert Storm 201–3

  Operation Diadem 315

  Operation Fortitude 205, 206–7, 249–52

  Operation Gericht 303

  Operation Instant Thunder 202

  Operation Kol’tso (‘Ring’) 314

  Operation Overlord 249, 252

  Operation Pegasus 261

  Operation Rosario 367

  Operation Rumyantsev 363–4

  Operation Sea Lion 190, 192

  Operation Sentinel 247

  Operation Sutton 367–9

  Operation Uranus 313, 320

  Operation Victory 256

  Orange, Prince Maurice of 158

  Orban 332

  organizational innovation 8, 16, 136–7, 159–61

  Orléans, Charles, Duke of 105

  Orodes II, King of Parthia 141–2

  Osorio, Gen. Manuel 71

  Ott von Bártokéz, FM Karl 339, 340

  Otto I, King of Saxony 276–9

  Ottomans 19, 20, 53–9, 108–10, 150–3, 181–3, 290–3, 320, 331–4

  P

  Pacific War 12, 16, 192–4, 308–11, 320, 358–60

  Pacific, War of the 299–301

  Palestro, Battle of 169

  Papal States 151

  Pappenheim, Gottfried zu 160, 161

  Paris, Prince of Troy 208, 210

  Paris, Treaty of 243

  Park, Air VMshl. Keith 191

  Parma, Alexander Farnese, Duke of 154, 156

  Parthian Empire 140–3, 207, 277

  Pashazade, Kemal 55

  Patroklos 210

  Patton, Gen. George S. 250

  Paullus, Lucius Aemilus 33

  Paulus, Gen. Friedrich 311–14

  Pearl Harbor 16, 128, 181, 192–4, 198, 308, 358, 359

  Pelopidas 138, 140

  Peninsular War 70

  Percival, Lt. Gen. Arthur 129

  Persian Empire 16, 20, 30–2, 86–9, 266–8

  Peru 299–301

  Pétain, Gen. Philippe 303–4

  Peter the Great, Tsar of Russia 164–7

  phantom forces 250, 254, 257

  Pharnaces II, King of Pontus 89–91

  Pharsalus, Battle of 89

  Phidippides 266

  Philip II, King of Macedonia 30, 140

  Philip II, King of Spain 151, 154, 158

  Philip VI, King of France 146–50

  Pickett, Maj. Gen. George 297, 299

  Piłsudski, Mshl. Józef 75–9

  Piroth, Col. Charles 365

  Plains of Abraham, Battle of the 207, 237–40

  Plassey, Battle of 110–13

  Plataea, Battle of 89

  Poitiers-Tours, Battle of 272–6

  Poland 75–9, 314–17

  political organization 14, 16, 17

  Poltava, Battle of 19, 164–8

  Pompey, Gnaeus 89, 140

  Poniatowski, Prince Josef 285

  population growth 16

  Portugal 99–103

  Prada, Manuel 301

  prehistory 13

  Priam, King of Troy 208

  Pripet Marshes 253, 254–5

  Prittwitz, Gen. Max von 346, 347

 

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