Marcuse, Herbert: and eroticism, 206;
and “1968,” 161, 163;
translations, 85, 149
Martínez, Javier, 133–34;
poetry, 140–41. See also Manal
Martínez de Perón, Isabel, 188, 221, 230
Masculinity, 4, 17–18;
aesthetics of, 142–43;
alternative construction of, 125, 133;
hegemonic construction of, 125, 138;
and New Left, 209–10, 214–16, 218–19;
and rock culture, 132, 135–36, 140, 144–45
Mass culture: criticism of, 85–86;
juvenilization of, 69–70, 78–82, 94–95;
and taste, 86–87;
and youth styles, 142–43. See also El Club del Clan
Massera, Eduardo, 240–41
May of 1969, 5, 11, 124, 149, 158–59, 164–68;
interpretations of, 163–64, 253–54. See also Cordobazo
Mejía, Ricardo, 76, 78–79. See also El Club del Clan; Radio Corporation of America
Mersa, 85–88, 93, 95
Mexico, 11, 33, 54–55, 61;
exiles in, 209, 243;
and politics, 163, 166–67;
and rock music, 73, 76, 78, 94, 132–33, 136, 148, 150
Migration: and music, 77;
and young women, 99–100
Militancy: activist style and, 210–14, 218;
anti-intellectualism and, 212–13, 219–20;
de café, 210, 213;
revolutionary, 172, 175, 185, 209–10
Miniskirts, 5, 93, 114, 195–96;
and politics, 200–201. See also Fashion
Modernization, 3–5, 252–54;
and cultural consumption, 39, 57–58, 67, 79;
debates over, 29–37;
and education, 44–46, 53–56, 61–62, 101, 236;
and gender, 97, 101, 103–5, 113;
and masculinity, 125, 141–42;
narratives of, 158–59, 168, 246;
questioning of, 169–71, 173, 191, 232–35, 246;
and sexuality, 115, 206;
and youth, 8–9, 12–13, 17–18, 43
Moledo, Manuel, 32, 41. See also League of Mothers
Montoneros, 149, 186, 188, 230;
baptism of fire, 167, 190;
and rock culture, 150, 153–54;
and sexuality, 216–18;
and women, 213–14;
youth identification with, 160, 177–78, 189–90. See also Juventud Peronista; Juventud Universitaria Peronista, Perón, Juan Domingo: on youth; Revolutionary Tendency; Unión de Estudiantes Secundarios
Moral panic, 17, 97, 110–14, 121, 250
Moris, 123, 133–34, 228. See also Los Beatniks
Movimiento Ateneísta, 162, 172
Movimiento de Liberación Femenina (MLF, Feminine Liberation Movement), 202–3
Muchacha, 202–3
National security doctrines: and drugs, 224, 227–28;
and sexuality, 35, 197;
on subversion, 232–33
Náufragos, 132–37, 142–43
Nebbia, Lito, 87, 132–34. See also Los Gatos
New Left, 11–12, 18, 168–69, 209, 252–23;
and anti-intellectualism, 212–14;
and rock culture, 150–58;
and sexuality, 204–6, 216–18;
and student movement, 60–62, 68, 161–63;
and youth participation, 176–77. See also Body: and consciousness; Militancy; Third World
New Song Movement, 153, 174
Noche de los bastones largos (The Night of the Long Sticks), 64–65
Nuestro Mundo, 204. See also Homosexuality.
Nueva ola (new wave), 69, 76–78, 80–87, 93–95. See also El Club del Clan; Ortega, Palito
Obra de Protección de la Joven (OPJ, Organization for Protecting Young Women), 99–100
Oficinista (office clerk), 130–31
Onganía, Juan Carlos, 5;
and cultural authoritarianism, 123–26, 195–96;
and political repression, 161–67;
regime of, 63–66
Ortega, Palito, 80–86;
and rock culture, 125–26, 129, 133
Pajarito Gomez, una vida feliz, 83–85
Pampillón, Santiago, 65–66;
commandos and, 167
Partido Revolucionario de los Trabajadores–Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (PRT-ERP, Workers’ Revolutionary Party–Revolutionary Army of the People): and conscription, 128–29;
and gender, 213–15;
and militancy, 210–11;
and rock culture, 150–53;
and sexuality, 205, 216–17;
and Tendencia Revolucionaria, 186–87;
and youth, 177, 192
Pavone, Rita, 81, 93
Pedro y Pablo, 130, 140, 152, 240. See also Cantilo, Miguel
Pelo, 141, 143–45;
and Buenos Aires Rock Festival, 145–46;
on politics, 254–55
Penjerek, Norma, 97, 110–11;
case of, 97–98, 110–14, 121–22;
and sociocultural modernization, 250
Pequenino, Eddie, 73–74
Perón, Juan Domingo, 3–5, 15–16, 20–22, 64, 93, 173;
return in 1973, 185–87;
third presidency, 123, 128, 149, 153, 183–84, 198, 223–24, 228–29;
and UES, 23–28, 42;
on youth, 23–24, 160, 176–78, 188–91;
youth on, 38, 156, 179
Peronism, 1, 4–5, 8, 11, 15, 18;
anti-Peronism and, 21–22, 24–25, 28–29;
and education, 22, 26–28, 46–47, 54–56;
first governments, 20–21;
re-evaluations of, 68, 169;
right-wing, 6, 178, 183–86, 190–91, 224, 228, 230, 246;
and youth, 38, 40, 45, 158–60, 176–78, 185, 187–89, 192. See also Montoneros; Revolutionary Tendency; Unión de Estudiantes Secundarios
Piba de barrio (neighborhood girl), 207–8, 250
Pill, 6, 13, 19, 118–19, 222–23. See also Sexuality: contraception
Police: and drugs, 225–28;
and morals, 113–14, 223–24;
and rock culture, 136–37, 139, 154, 240–41;
and runaways, 108–9, 111;
and student movements, 50–51, 64–65, 165–66, 183–84;
and youth sociability, 71–72
Political culture, 14, 214, 219–20;
definition of, 158–59, 168–69, 190–94. See also New Left; Third World.
Psychological experts, 20–21, 249;
and “adolescent crisis,” 30–32;
and modernization, 35–36, 42–43;
and runaways, 107;
and sexual education, 115–16
Radicalization, 3, 11;
and May of 1969, 167–68, 199;
and Revolución Argentina, 66, 124–25
Radio Corporation of America (RCA), 73, 76–77;
on El Club del Clan, 78–79, 81;
on rock music, 138–39, 147
Reca, Telma, 20, 30–32, 35, 59
Reformism, 3;
and Peronism, 24, 45, 55–56;
transformations of, 60–62, 65–66, 68. See also University Reform Movement
Revolución Argentina: definition, 64;
demise of, 124, 167–68;
opposition to, 162–64;
and university politics, 65–66. See also Onganía, Juan Carlos
Revolución Libertadora, 4, 21;
and education, 47, 56;
and youth, 27–28
Revolutionary Tendency (Peronism), 178–92 passim
Ripoll, Daniel, 143. See also Pelo
Rivas, Violeta, 79–80, 86–87
Rock culture: Argentine, 123–25;
arrival in Argentina, 70–73;
commercial aspects, 73–74, 76–77, 141–42;
and counterculture, 145–49;
and dictatorship, 239–43;
and masculinity, 129�
��38, 140–42, 251–52;
playing of, 73–74, 133–34, 138–39, 145;
and politics, 151–55;
progresivos and complacientes, 143–44;
and youth sociability, 74–76, 104, 134–35
Romero, José Luis, 59
Runaways, 107–9;
discussions about, 112–13. See also Penjerek, Norma
Sandro, 82
Sanmartino, Ernesto, 112–13
Santaolalla, Gustavo, 147, 292 (n. 92). See also Arco Iris
School of Humanities and Social Sciences (Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Buenos Aires), 15–16;
and political radicalization, 173–74, 181;
and university renovation, 55–61, 67. See also Students—university; University
Secondary school: and authoritarianism, 47–49, 235–38;
coeducation, 25, 35–36, 47, 52;
debates over, 46–47;
Democratic Education Program, 28–29, 182;
discipline, 49–50;
enrollments, 22, 46–47, 236–37;
pedagogies, 48–49;
policies, 33, 181–82, 236–37;
teaching-training branch, 46, 101–2;
technical branch, 46–47, 126, 182–83, 236. See also Students—secondary school
Second Vatican Council, 33, 62, 65, 159, 161
Secretaria ejecutiva (executive secretary), 102–3. See also Young women: and labor market
Sexuality, 1–9, 13–17, 250–51;
adultery, 32, 216, 235;
and authoritarianism, 223–24, 231, 246;
contraception, 115, 118–19, 223–24;
double standard of, 122, 203, 207–8;
fears of, 109–10, 112–14;
pre-marital sex, 39–40, 98–99, 115–22, 206–8;
masturbation, 115–16;
menstruation, 116–17;
and New Left, 155, 161, 193–94, 200–202, 205–6, 216–18;
pre-nuptial medical certificate and, 120–21;
representations of, 26–27, 37–40, 58–59, 75, 89–90, 196–99;
sexual awakening and, 31–32;
sexual revolution and, 114–15, 202–6;
and rock music, 70–72, 80, 82, 127, 140–41, 147–48;
virginity, 69, 75, 99–100, 117–18, 122, 206–8. See also Gender; Homosexuality
Social clubs, 2, 71, 73, 75–76;
and new wave, 78, 82, 134
Socialist Party, 2, 27, 61, 210
Spinetta, Luis Alberto, 138, 140–41, 240–41;
and “liberation,” 153–56. See also Almendra
Students: in relation to youth, 3–4, 12–13, 16–17, 44, 67–68
—secondary school: discipline and, 49–50, 126–27;
political activism, 28, 44–45, 50–51, 154, 158–59, 175–76, 181–85, 211–12, 215, 243–44;
repression, 229–31, 235–38;
school life, 47–49;
sexuality, 117–18, 207;
sociability, 24–25, 52–53, 77, 92. See also Federación Juvenil Comunista; Laica o Libre conflict; Secondary school; Unión de Estudiantes Secundarios; Unión Nacionalista de Estudiantes Secundarios
—university: political activism, 2, 5, 10, 24, 44–45, 55–56, 60–62, 103, 158–59, 161–68, 179–81;
representations of, 41, 58–59, 63–64;
repression, 64–66, 229–31, 235–37;
sexuality, 115, 117–19, 207–8;
sociability, 56–58. See also Cordobazo; Federación de Estudiantes Nacionales; Federación Universitaria Argentina; Federación Universitaria de Buenos Aires; Intregralistas; Juventud Universitaria Peronsita; May of 1969;
Movimiento Ateneísta; Reformism; Tendencia Anti-Imperialista Universitaria; University Reform Movement
Sui Géneris, 127–28, 140, 153
Tacuara, 50, 110
Tanguito, 87, 132–34, 140
Tedesco, Johny, 79, 81, 83. See also El Club del Clan
Teenager, 9–10, 107
Teenpics, 71–72, 88, 93
Tendencia Anti-Imperialista Universitaria (TAU, Anti-Imperialist University Trend), 62, 66
Third World, 3, 10–12, 18, 157–58, 252–54;
and culture, 173–75;
definition, 168–69;
and emotions, 170–71, 191–92;
and Peronism, 176–77;
and travel, 172–73, 183–84. See also New Left; Political culture
Trasvasamiento generacional (generational transference), 160, 177–78, 187. See also Juventud Peronista; Perón, Juan Domingo: on youth
Travel, 25, 146–48, 171–73, 183–84, 253
Triple A, 178, 188, 227, 230–31
Tucumán Arde, 170–72
Unión de Estudiantes Secundarios (UES, Secondary School Students Union), 15–16;
in 1950s, 22–29;
in 1970s, 175, 179, 181–86, 189, 211–12, 215, 231, 243. See also Juventud Peronista; Perón, Juan Domingo: and UES; Students—secondary school
Unión Feminista Argentina (Argentine Feminist Union), 202–3
Unión Nacional de Estudiantes (UNE, National Student Union), 161–63, 166
Unión Nacionalista de Estudiantes Secundarios (Nationalist Secondary School Students Union), 50–51
United States, 8–10;
and counterculture, 148–49;
counterinsurgency training, 231;
drug policies, 226–27;
invasion of Bay of Pigs, 61;
invasion of Santo Domingo, 63;
postwar youth, 23, 32;
and rock, 70, 72, 74;
and sexuality, 113, 116, 119–20
University: and authoritarianism, 228–30, 237;
enrollments, 44–45, 180, 236;
and military intervention, 64–65, 164;
and modernization 12–13, 16, 44–45, 56–57, 61–62, 67–68, 170;
and Peronism, 173–74, 179–80. See also Students—university
University of Buenos Aires (UBA), 8, 14, 16, 31, 35, 54–55, 61, 64, 115, 173, 179–81, 195, 226, 237
University of Córdoba, 50, 65–66, 181
University of the Northeast, 62, 164
University Reform Movement, 2–3, 44–45;
left-wing criticism, 161–62;
right-wing criticism, 63–64, 236. See also Radicalization; Reformism
Urondo, Francisco, 84, 205, 212–13
Vaquero. See Jeans
Viola, Roberto, 236, 243
Viñas, David, 7;
on Cuba, 60–61;
on frustrated generation, 38–39;
on jeans, 90
Walsh, Rodolfo, 170
Young men, 3, 7, 17, 251–52;
and conscription, 128–29;
and education, 126–27;
and fashion, 88–91, 95, 142–43, 197;
and labor market, 129–30;
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