on Pitt 113, 114–15, 117–19, 121–2, 154, 210, 394
Pitt’s duel 426
Pitt’s resignation 478, 483–4, 490–1
Pitt’s return to office 504, 510–11, 524–5, 527, 533–4, 539
resignation 358, 450, 456–7, 551
revolutionary war 336, 340–1, 350, 369, 371, 429, 444–5, 449–50, 456
Scottish Bill 206
Secretary of State 288, 341
servant of the nation 552
slave trade 297, 301–3
South American plans 456
Thurlow’s sacking 316
Treasurer of the Navy 150, 151, 546–9
Dunkirk 339–40, 342, 361
Dunning, John (later Lord Ashburton) 61, 75
Dutch United Provinces 242, 315
East India Bill see India Bill
East India Company 5, 34, 137–8, 141–2, 247, 432
East Indies 108, 242
Eden, Lady Eleanor 388–94, 408
Eden, William (later Lord Auckland) 152, 189, 228–9, 273, 276, 282, 284, 296, 320, 322, 371, 375, 388–94, 407, 427–8, 469, 493
Edwards, Jonathan 294
Egypt 429–32, 449, 455, 464, 494
Ehrman, John 214, 312, 533
Eldon, Lord 480, 525, 526–7, 529, 533, 540, 563
Eliot, Edward 29, 36, 71, 100, 128, 133, 154, 185, 200, 208, 211, 219, 234–5, 308, 309, 343, 409, 413
Eliot, Harriot (daughter) 219
Eliot, Mrs Harriot see Pitt, Harriot
Elliot, Hugh 274–5
Elliot, Sir Gilbert 152, 200, 256, 263, 340, 361
Ellis, Welbore 77
Enghien, Duc d’ 538
Erskine, Thomas 566
Eton 6
Euston, Lord 29, 71, 129, 170
Ewart, Joseph 276, 284–7
Farington, Joseph 408
Farquhar, Sir Walter 373, 408, 428, 459, 500–1, 517–18, 530, 549, 566–7, 571–7
Ferrol expedition 476–7
Fielding, Henry 102
Fitzgerald, Lord Edward 424
Fitzgibbon, Lord 360
Fitzharris, Lord 548, 553, 563, 565
Fitzherbert, Alleyne 268, 276
Fitzherbert, Mrs 237
Fitzwilliam, Lord (later Earl) 141, 171, 263, 357, 359–61, 366–8, 421, 531, 533
Floridablanca, Count 281
Floridas 108
Fonthill 75
Fox, Charles James 11n, 15, 62, 83
American policy 98, 106, 108–9, 111–12
birthday toast 419–20
Catholic emancipation 553
character 60, 79, 90, 99, 126, 131, 144, 166, 183
civil and political liberties 324
conflict with Shelburne 92–3, 95, 98
constitutional crisis 136, 144–50, 324
death 581
duel 425
foreign affairs 230, 271, 286, 287, 288–9, 311–13, 318
Foreign Secretary 581
French revolutionary war 331, 336, 348, 381
general election/Westminster Scrutiny 169–174, 177–9, 190–1, 312
and George III 84, 95–6, 99, 109, 115, 119–20, 137, 317, 474, 540, 588
George III’s insanity 253–67, 481
Hastings’ impeachment 231–3
India Bill 139–45, 156, 158, 182, 247
Ireland 189–90, 195–6, 224
Lord of the Admiralty 101
money supply 398
national debt 227
nicknames 169
North alliance 13, 98, 109–13, 114, 120–5, 141, 143, 145–7, 149, 154, 156, 162, 166, 469
opposition group 76, 101, 107, 355
oratorical skills 66, 78, 584
parliamentary reform 87, 90, 109, 130–1, 192, 315, 405
peace negotiations 451–2
peacemaker 409
Pitt’s coalition 317–18, 359, 539, 541, 552, 556–9
Pitt’s death 579–80
Pitt’s resignation 477
Pitt’s return to office 523–4, 526, 527–9, 533, 535, 536
Pitt’s speeches 67, 69, 512, 515
and Prince of Wales 131–2, 237, 531
Secretary of State 84, 97–8, 101, 124
and Shelburne 95–9, 106, 107, 109
slave trade 297, 300, 304, 589
struggle for supremacy 153, 155–60, 163–8, 170–4
threats to liberty 352–3, 378
Triple Assessment tax 417–18
Fox, Henry (later Lord Holland) 6n, 11n, 60
Fox, Stephen 8
Fox – North Coalition, The (Cannon) 157
‘Fox’s Martyrs’ 171
France 4, 35, 39, 275
alliances 287, 332
allied advance 447–8
American War of Independence 73, 92, 240, 242, 270
America’s peace negotiations 92–3, 106, 108
Britain declares war (1803) 511
commercial treaties 228–30, 305
coup of 18–19 Brumaire 449
economy 246, 345, 443
final defeat 582
Franco – Dutch cooperation 242–5, 271
Girondin Ministers 314, 320, 337
and India 138
invasion of Britain 385–6, 560
invasion of Ireland 423, 431–2
military situation 443–5
Nootka Sound crisis 280–1
peace negotiations 374–6, 380, 399–400, 410–14, 450–1, 494–5, 542
Pitt’s visit 133
Revolution 239, 267, 268–72, 288–90, 299, 301, 306–7, 314, 320, 323, 329, 336–7, 353, 361–2, 372, 413, 429–32, 439, 449–51
Revolutionary wars 314, 319–20, 324–5, 330–2, 335–41, 344–5, 349–51, 354–5, 361–2, 365, 368–9, 371, 381, 395–6, 399, 443–8, 591
slave trade 296, 299–300
truce 458–60
war (1802–05) 500, 521, 524, 538, 560–3
Francis II, Emperor of Austria 314, 349–50, 449, 562, 567–8
Francis, Philip 231
Franco – Dutch alliance 241–2
Franco – Turkish agreement 455
Frederick, Prince of Wales 7, 12
Frederick the Great 102, 270
Frederick William II, King of Prussia 244, 285, 289, 350
Frederick William III, King of Prussia 420, 444, 566
Frere, John 458, 497
Friends of the People 315
Furet, François 449
Gardner, Admiral 402
General Chamber of Manufacturers 195
George II 4, 7, 9, 63, 102
George III: abdication threat 84, 121, 124
accession 12, 102
and Addington 493, 531
attempted assassination 455
Catholic emancipation 463–72, 481, 493, 582
and Chatham xxii
Civil List 236–7
constitutional concerns 51, 62–3, 120–1, 124, 144–5, 148, 158–60, 164, 166, 168, 177, 588
dukedoms 273
English King 56–7
foreign policy 240–1, 243–4, 289, 319, 368, 468
and Fox 84, 95–6, 99, 109, 115, 119–20, 124, 125, 137, 318, 324, 409, 420, 468, 540
French Revolution 288–90
French revolutionary war 332–3, 372, 374–5, 399, 411, 414, 474
India Bill 142–5, 231
insanity 246, 250–67, 283, 310, 480–3, 523, 531, 559
and Lord North 35, 37, 59–63, 76, 82, 120–121, 124, 490
manipulative abilities 63, 84, 95–6, 125, 132, 135, 154–5
Napoleon argues for peace 450
naval mutiny 402
parliamentary reform 191–192, 234, 314, 468
and Pitt 108, 114–17, 119, 121–4, 127, 133, 146, 154, 179, 205, 211, 287, 313, 316, 358, 363, 367, 464–6, 490
Pitt’s coalition hopes 558–9
Pitt’s demise 581
Pitt’s duel 427
Pitt’s resignation 470–6, 479, 480–4, 488, 588
Pi
tt’s return to office 510, 523–6, 527–32, 539–40, 543–4
political instability 19, 407
Regency Act 251, 262–266, 481, 523
Rockingham Ministry 84, 95–6
and Shelburne 95–6, 98, 206
Union with Ireland 438, 454, 463–466, 583
George, Prince of Wales (later George IV) 131–2, 171, 178, 236–7, 252–6, 258, 261, 264–5, 267, 370–1, 407, 434, 480–1, 519, 523–4
accession as Regent 582
marriage 370–1
reconciliation with George III 539–40
Germain, Lord George (later Lord Sackville) 59, 70, 76, 77–9
Gibbon, Edward 45, 60, 166, 183
Gibraltar 36, 92, 104, 107–8
Glorious First of June 354–5, 396–7
Glorious Revolution 38
Gloucester, Duke of xxiv
Goostree’s Club 71, 127, 204, 206, 208
Gordon, Jane, Duchess of 221–2, 247, 266, 308
Gordon, Lord 40, 51
Gower, Lord 59, 119–21, 151, 180
Grafton, Duke of 37, 38, 100, 109, 123, 151, 311
Granby, Lord (later Duke of Rutland) 29, 53
Grantham, Lord 100
Grattan, Henry 91–2, 359, 553
Gray, Thomas 21, 24, 24n
Great Reform Act 582
Greene, General Nathanael 74
Grenville, George 13, 19, 20, 59, 62, 273
Grenville, Tom 311, 313, 433, 444
Grenville, William Wyndham: appearance 202, 519
Catholic emancipation 553, 582
Dundas’s financial irregularities 550
First Lord of the Treasury 581
foreign affairs 109, 244, 271–3, 285–6, 288–9, 305, 307–8, 312, 357
free market 459
French revolutionary war 321–2, 324–6, 331, 334, 340–1, 362, 369, 380–1, 440, 444–7, 456
general election 280
George III’s insanity 260, 263
India Bill 182
international coalition 420, 433
loyalty loan 385
marriage 308
parliamentary reform 193
patronage 249, 283
peace talks 411–12, 451, 493, 494–5
Pitt’s Cabinet 151, 206, 208, 210, 225, 228, 316, 360, 368, 468, 478, 539–41, 556–9
Pitt’s character 3, 247, 254, 341, 386, 398, 446
Pitt’s return to office 501, 506, 509–10, 522–4, 526, 527–9, 533, 536
Prince of Wales 531
satirical verses 202
slave trade 291, 298–9, 589
social life 71
Temple’s resignation 150
Treasonable Practices Bill 378
tribute to Pitt 579–80
war (1803) 515
Grey, Charles 101, 256, 304, 315, 462
Guilford Courthouse, Battle of 74
Gustavus III 102, 274, 314
Hamilton, Alexander 425–6
Hamilton, Lady 443
Hammond, George 400
Hanover 10&n, 241, 562
Hardy, Thomas 352
Harris, Sir James (later Earl of Malmesbury) 212, 228, 242–3, 245, 350–1, 384–5, 411, 413–14, 481, 483, 495, 502–3, 506, 510, 517, 550, 553–4, 563, 572, 576
Harrison, Colonel 6n
Harrowby, Earl of see Dudley Ryder
Hastings, Governor General Warren 138–9, 182, 230–4, 247, 283, 556
Haugwitz, Count 570
Hawkesbury, 1st Lord (later 1st Earl of Liverpool) 153, 221, 228, 343, 347, 382, 411, 417, 466–7
Hawkesbury, 2nd Lord (later 2nd Earl of Liverpool) 309, 505, 511, 525, 533, 534–5, 537, 541, 542, 567, 572–4, 582–3
Hayes Place, Bromley 13, 42, 52
Hayley, William 16
Hobart, Lord see Earl of Buckinghamshire 525
Holland 35, 92, 285, 307, 511, 562
Belgian independence 275
Britain’s ally 240–5, 246, 281–2, 350
British/Russian invasion 444–50
colonies 370
navy 404–6, 414, 448–9
French revolutionary war 314, 319, 321–2, 324–5, 330, 332, 334, 336, 355, 362, 365–6, 370, 381, 400, 433
peace talks 495, 543
revolt against French 444–5
slave trade 296, 300
Holland, Lady 15
Holland, Lord 442
Holland Rose, J. 16
Hood, Lord 172, 173, 190, 344, 349
Houchard, General Jean 339
Howe, Admiral Lord 151, 224, 248, 354, 401, 403
Huguenots 39
Hunter (Surgeon Extraordinary), John 201
Huskisson, William 567
Hutchinson, Governor 28
Impey, Sir Elijah 247
India xxiii, 33, 137–139, 230, 288, 335, 357, 538
Bill 139–145, 147, 150, 156, 157–9, 182–3, 247
Declaratory Bill 247–8
Industrial Revolution 31–2, 161, 226, 326, 440, 582, 584–5
Ireland 47, 183, 185
Act of Union 454, 457, 464–5, 467
Catholic emancipation 435–6, 454, 463–73, 475, 477, 481–2, 553
domestic agitation 321, 421–4
invasion 385–6, 423, 431–2
legislative independence 91–2, 161, 195–6, 265
Orange Lodges 421
patronage 441, 454, 588
Pitt’s policy 185–91, 195–6, 224, 227–9, 359–61, 366–7, 422, 432, 434–8, 440–1, 453–4, 464, 583–4, 588
United Irishmen 421, 424
Italy 396, 443, 445, 447, 457, 494, 500, 556, 561
Jacobins 337–8, 352, 451, 464, 469
Jacobites 39–40, 56
James II 38, 39, 124, 168
Jenkinson, Charles see Lord Hawkesbury, 1st Earl of Liverpool
Jenkinson, Robert see Lord Hawkesbury, 2nd Earl of Liverpool
Jenyns, Soame 57
Jersey, Lady 371
Jervis, Sir John 395
Johnson, Mr 28
Johnson, Samuel 153
Jonson, Ben 110
Joseph II, Emperor of Austria 101, 240–2, 274–5
Keith, Sir Robert Murray 241
Kent Association 87
Kenyon, Lloyd 151
Keppel, Admiral (later Lord) 21, 36, 55, 85, 100, 108
Kodiak Island 277
Kosciuszko, Thaddeus 350
La Motte, Comtesse de 271n
Lafayette, Marie-Joseph, Marquis de 74
Land Tax Bill 149, 152
Lansdowne, Marquis of see Earl of Shelburne
Lascelles, Henry 580
Lawrence, Thomas 554
League of Armed Neutrality 461, 462, 467, 494
Lebrun, Pierre 331
Lee, Midshipman John 431
Leeds, Duke of see Carmarthen, Marquis of
Leigh, Mr (clergyman) 458
Leopold II, Emperor of Austria 275, 289, 314
Leveson Gower, Lord Granville 538, 542, 555
Life of Pitt (Pretyman/Tomline) 27, 312
Liverpool, 2nd Earl of see Lord Robert Hawkesbury
Liverpool, Lord see Lord Hawkesbury, 1st Earl of Liverpool
Livingston, Robert 535
Locke, John 584
London 31
Glorious First of June 354
Gordon riots 40–1, 45, 51, 161, 352
King’s recovery 266–267
parliamentary reform 130
London Corresponding Society (LCS) 315, 351–2, 377–8, 380, 421
London Evening Post xxiii
Long, Charles 308, 480, 491, 505–6
Long, William 511–12
Loughborough, Lord 255, 260, 262, 317–18, 324, 354, 411, 465–7, 469, 480
Louis XIV, King of France 270
Louis XVI, King of France 102, 134, 269–70, 280, 288, 319–21, 329–32
Lowther, Sir James 53, 99, 154
Lunéville, Treaty of 494
Luxembourg 443
Macaulay, Thomas 34, 253, 35
1
Mack, General 564
McQueen of Braxfield, Robert 351
Mahon, Lord Charles (later 3rd Earl Stanhope) 61, 227, 518, 573
Chatham’s funeral xxiv–xxv, 35
constitutional crisis 136–7, 165
French Revolution 343
ideas on smuggling 183
Kent Association 87
marriage to Hester Pitt 44, 52
parliamentary reform 90, 315
Mahratta War 232
Malmesbury, Earl of see Sir James Harris
Malmesbury, Lady 478
Malta 429, 432, 458–60, 495, 500, 511, 524, 555
Manila 33
Manners Sutton, Bishop of Norwich 543–4
Mansfield, Earl of 170, 177, 196, 294, 357, 382
Marengo, Battle of 457–8
Maret, Hugues Bernard 324, 331–2
Maria Theresa, Empress of Austria 101
Marie Antoinette, Queen of France 134, 271, 337
Massachusetts 34
Meares, John 278
Meeke, William 29, 72
Melville, Lord see Henry Dundas
Merry, Anthony 278, 281
Middleton, Sir Charles (later Lord Barham) 396, 551
Miles, William 331–2
Minden 4
Minorca 108
Minto, Lady 446
Mitford, John see Lord Redesdale
Moira, Earl of 407, 523, 531, 540
Montesquieu, Charles Louis de Secondat 294
Moore, John, Archbishop of Canterbury 144, 239, 252, 469, 543
Moritz, Carl 31, 31n
Morning Chronicle 96, 259, 343
Morning Herald 170, 202, 221, 263
Morning Post xxiii, 256
Mornington, Lord Richard (later Marquis Wellesley) 95, 199, 200, 205, 213, 307, 373, 407, 414, 432, 554, 572, 574, 579
Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus 102
Mulgrave, Lord 151, 519, 520, 533, 563, 567, 579
Muncaster, Lord 382
Mutiny Bill 159, 167
Namier, Sir Lewis 57
Napier, William 534–535
Naples 422, 443, 461, 494, 524
Navigation Acts 185
‘Near Observer’ pamphlet 516–17
Necker, Jacques 134–5, 268–9, 288
Nelson, Lord, Admiral 395–6, 429–31, 443, 461, 493–4, 496, 524, 560–5, 580
Netherlands see Holland
New York 73, 74–5
Newcastle, Duke of 4, 11–12, 49, 154
Newton, Sir Isaac 30, 102
Nile, Battle of the 430–2, 565
Nootka Sound crisis 33, 277–82
Norfolk, Duke of 419–20
North, Lady Charlotte 446
North, Lord: alliance with Fox 13, 98, 109–13, 114, 120–5, 141, 143, 145–7, 149, 154–6, 162, 164, 166, 177, 469
Crown’s power 38, 51, 62
death 309
and Downing Street 103
economic reform 63–5
incompetence 37, 49–50, 81, 111, 183
in opposition 107, 110
parliamentarian xxii, 58–9, 126, 153
William Pitt the Younger: A Biography Page 77
