Roy Jenkins
Page 112
Richard, Alison, 687
Richard, Ivor, 334, 392
Richards, Steve, 723
Ridley, Nicholas, 470, 669
Robbins, Lord, 231
Roberts, Andrew, 729, 731–2
Roberts, Eirlys, 560
Robertson, George, 560
Robinson, Geoffrey, 725n
Robinson, Kenneth, 185, 267, 314
Robinson, Mary, 689
Rockefeller, Nelson, 336n, 435
Rodger, A.B., 56–7
Rodgers, Sylvia, 244, 377, 449, 451–2, 465, 504
Rodgers, William, 7, 41, 182, 194, 201, 212, 214, 225, 226–8, 229, 244, 279, 285, 350, 353, 655n, 674, 683, 701, 706, 708, 724, 737, 738, 747, 749; Jenkinsite, 330–1, 361, 374n, 376, 377, 378, 385, 391–4, 398–9, 414–8, 449, 451–2, 455, 457, 460–1, 465–6, 467, 472, 480, 504; and the SDP, 507–8, 510, 517, 541, 542–4, 548–53, 554, 554n, 555–62, 567–75, 580, 582–3, 586–8, 593–4, 601–3, 608, 610–13, 616–17, 618n, 619–20, 626, 628, 647, 662–6; on Jenkins, 158–9, 194, 459n, 543; Jenkins on, 543
Rolling Stones, 360
Rommel, Erwin, 81
Roosevelt, Eleanor, 740–1
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, 53, 57, 157, 234, 365–6, 367, 368, 506, 525, 590, 629, 673, 708, 722–3, 740–1
Roper, John, 385, 386, 387, 460, 558, 601, 618, 619, 626, 702n
Rose, Kenneth, 239
Rose, Paul, 417–18, 418n
Rose, Richard, 201
Rosebery, Lord, 150, 699n, 742
Ross, William, 294–5, 296, 296n, 390, 434, 443, 468
Rothschild, Tess, 290
Rothschild, Victor, 290, 467, 473, 504, 508
Rousseau, Douanier, 62
Rove, Karl, 732
Rowse, A.L., 40, 633
Royal Society of Literature, 7, 184, 675
Ruddock, Joan, 644n
Ruggiero, Renato, 492
Runcie, Robert, 655, 686n
Rusbridger, Alan, 721–2
Rushdie, Salman, 693
Rusk, Dean, 233, 313–14
Russell, Conrad, 657
Ryrie, William, 353
Saddam Hussein, 743
Sainsbury, David, 662
Saint-Saens, Camille, 697
Salinger, Pierre, 395
Salisbury, 3rd Marquess, 98, 335n
Salter, Sir Arthur, 113
Sampson, Anthony, 560
Sandelson, Neville, 385, 386, 558n
Sandys, Duncan, 277–8
Sarkozy, Nicholas, 487
Sarson, Hilary, 160
Sartre, Jean-Paul, 166
Scarfe, Gerald, 745
Scargill, Arthur, 644n
Scarman, Lord, 618n
school leaving age, 313–5
Schlesinger, Arthur, 128n, 154, 229, 232, 366, 368, 395, 404, 525, 654, 655n, 738, 740
Schmidt, Helmut, 456–7, 480, 486, 489, 491, 495, 497–500, 512, 521, 527–35, 538, 563, 630, 690
Schroeder, Gerhard, 746
Schuman Plan (1950), 188
Scotney, Gordon, 69, 75n
Scotsman, 648
Scott, Norman, 583n
Scottish National Party (SNP), 413, 441, 468, 588, 589n, 592
Scott James, Anne, 332
Seear, Nancy, 708
Seldon, Anthony, 700
Selective Employment Tax (SET), 318–19, 321n, 340
Seligman, Madron, 28, 30, 31, 33n, 36, 257, 418, 655, 734, 737
Sex Discrimination Act (1975), 2, 422, 428–9, 440
Shakespeare, William, 372
Shanks, Michael, 310
Shannon, Richard, 633, 691, 693n
Shawcross, Lord, 395, 631
Sherlock, Neal, 723
Shinwell, Emanuel, 139, 195, 248
Shonfield, Andrew, 196n
Shore, Peter, 7, 201, 319–20, 329, 347, 351, 390, 415, 435, 443, 462, 552, 579
Short, Clare, 430
Short, Edward, 302, 332, 356, 390–1, 394, 394n, 435, 455, 468
Silkin, John, 294, 298, 389, 443, 552
Silverman, Sydney, 215
Simenon, Georges, 474, 484, 525, 633
Singh, Bahadoor, 49
Sisman, Adam, 733
Sissons, Michael, 620, 676, 690, 745
Skinner, Dennis, 410, 598, 614, 626
Smallbone, Patricia, 476n
Smallwood, Christopher, 618, 619
Smith, Adam, 27
Smith, Anthony, 655
Smith, Cyril, 572, 577
Smith, F.E., (Lord Birkenhead) 16, 287n, 631
Smith, Jean Kennedy, 738
Smith, John, 385, 386, 433–4, 560, 680, 700
Smith, T. Dan, 291
Smithers, Sir Waldron, 144
Snowden, Philip, 131, 164, 315n, 340, 342, 673, 728
Soames, Christopher, 474, 476, 476n
Soames, Mary, 729
Social Democratic Alliance (SDA), 542–3
Social Democratic Party (SDP), 1, 3, 5–7, 39, 41, 58, 138, 140, 212, 214, 245n, 265, 355, 360, 386, 387–8, 392, 418n, 453, 676–8; genesis of, 507–17, 540–68; initial success of, 568–85; later difficulties, 586–627; relations with the Liberals, 541–2, 544, 557, 568, 569, 571–3, 576–7, 582–3, 587, 589, 604–8, 610–12, 620–2, 647–9; leadership, 601–8, 626–7, 570–1, 581–2; merger with the Liberals, 662–7
Socialist Commentary, 206
Socialist Workers’ Party (SWP), 452
Society of Authors, 183, 185, 194
Solihull, 95–7, 119–20
Soskice, Frank, 180, 227, 255–6, 260, 262, 268, 296, 300, 742
Sorrell, S.J., 579–80
South Wales Argus, 11
South Wales Miners’ Federation (SWMF), 15–16, 18
Southwark Central, 106–9, 120
Southwood, Richard, 686–7
Soviet Union (USSR), 138, 187, 233–4
Sparrow, John, 257, 283
Spectator, 20n, 154, 168, 190, 193, 200, 205–6, 208, 211, 212, 215, 216, 219, 238, 239, 245, 368n, 444, 549, 559, 638, 680, 718, 719, 722
Spence, Laura, 717–18
Spender, Stephen, 219n
Sphere, The, 121
Stalin, Josef, 30, 35, 41, 171
Stanley, Venetia, 236–7, 748
Stead, W.T., 150
Stechford (Birmingham), 120–3, 145–7, 175–7, 240–2, 266–7, 358–9, 359n, 379, 412–13, 426, 439–40, 441, 470–1, 484, 560, 577, 596, 661
Steel, David, 384, 407, 444–5, 449–50, 515, 550, 610, 673, 707, 708; and abortion Bill, 294–6; and the Alliance, 571–4, 576–7, 582–3, 587, 587n, 591, 597, 607, 612, 619–24, 645, 648–9, 659, 662–7; relationship with Jenkins, 509, 540–2, 571, 587, 587n, 618, 623–4, 626–7; Jenkins on, 296, 509
steel industry, 114–5, 127
Stephens, Philip, 693–4
sterling, 196, 196n, 303–4, 319–21, 336–9, 342–3, 356, 640–1
Stevas, Norman St John, 138, 138n, 295, 297
Stevens, J.B., 359n
Stevens, Jocelyn, 736n
Stevens, Liz, 738
Stevenson, Adlai, 180, 366, 416, 655
Stevenson, Frances, 239n, 734
Stevenson, R.L., 117
Stewart, J.I.M., 525
Stewart, Michael, 215, 232n, 248, 264, 281, 290, 313, 320, 330, 374, 379
Stirling, Sir Angus, 736n
Stockwood, Mervyn, 395
Stonehouse, John, 245, 245n, 255
Stonham, Lord, 265
Stoppard, Tom, 744n
Strachey, John, 53, 180
Strachey, Lytton, 525, 634
Strauss, George, 301, 385n
Straw, Jack, 703, 709–10, 714–15, 717, 719, 722, 726
Strong, Roy, 329n
Stuart, Gisela, 716
Suez crisis, 186–7, 189, 196, 201, 600, 632, 669, 698
Summerskill, Edith, 108
Summerskill, Shirley, 432, 439, 459, 467
Sun, 252, 252n, 341, 354, 566, 566n, 574, 581
Sunday Express, 42, 117, 231, 275, 705, 716
Sunday Te
legraph, 219, 239, 266n, 306, 503, 631, 693, 731–2, 739
Sunday Times, 207, 212, 219, 285, 286, 289, 306, 324, 364, 380, 447–8, 485, 503, 516, 541, 550n, 566, 577n, 604, 644, 663, 683, 693, 741
Sunday trading, 182, 192
Sutherland, Graham, 239
Sutherland, Joan, 683
Suzman, Janet, 560
Swann, Michael, 657
Swift, Mr Justice,
Swinburne, Algernon, 27
Synge, J.M., 522
Tatchell, Peter, 616
Taverne, Dick, 41, 201, 212, 265, 275n, 318n, 331, 333, 350, 700, 702n, 738; Jenkinsite, 361, 363, 380, 385–6, 392; and Lincoln by-election, 400–1, 401n, 413, 451, 471; and the SDP, 506, 509, 541–3, 544, 560–1, 572, 616, 617, 618n
Tawney, R.H., 646
taxation, 124–7, 208, 317–19, 321–2, 340–1, 638, 644–5, 667
Taylor, A.J.P., 40, 148, 151, 161, 239, 239n
Taylor, Sir Charles, 297–8
Taylor, Matthew, 723
Tebbit, Norman, 299–300, 349, 429, 470, 586–7, 685, 707
Terry, Walter, 247, 257
Tester, Major Ralph, 81
Thackeray, W.M., 634n
Thatcher, Denis, 527–8
Thatcher, Margaret, 2, 5, 6, 8, 115, 255, 260, 270, 299–300, 312, 313n, 329, 334, 349, 424n, 443–5, 449, 450, 451, 459–60, 475, 478, 487, 491, 495, 500–1, 503n, 507, 545–6, 551, 566–7, 568n, 570, 578, 580, 582, 586, 598–601, 605, 609, 615, 617, 621, 624, 624n, 630, 637, 638–45, 650–1, 652n, 659, 661, 690, 697, 720, 738, 742, 745; and Europe, 526–38, 669–70; Jenkins condemns, 564, 578, 580, 600–1, 615, 638–45, 667–71
That Was The Week That Was, 301
theatre censorship, 300–1
Thomas, George, 265, 291, 598
Thomas, Hugh, 257, 450, 473
Thomas, Keith, 687
Thomas, Mike, 558, 563–4, 567, 573–4, 580, 597, 611–12, 613
Thomson, George, 87, 207n, 284, 313, 314, 357, 361, 370, 374, 379, 380, 383n, 389, 390–2, 396, 397, 422, 474, 478
Thorn, Gaston, 466, 489, 555
Thorneycroft, Lord, 192, 568, 568n
Thorpe, D.R., 632, 632n
Thorpe, Jeremy, 277, 384, 413, 444, 445, 448, 583n
Tickell, Crispin, 475, 481, 482–3, 486, 488, 491, 495, 497, 519, 528, 530, 532, 630–1, 707, 738
Time, 206, 257
Time and Tide, 126n
The Times, 7, 15, 29n, 118, 168, 184, 188, 194n, 205, 230, 239, 252, 253, 256, 264, 267, 270, 278, 285, 287, 302, 306, 310, 317, 323, 341, 344, 353, 364–6, 368, 371, 389–90, 395, 397, 399, 402, 404, 409, 422, 423–4, 438, 440, 447n, 458, 466, 477, 479, 483, 490, 494–5, 505, 516, 537–8, 540, 543, 549, 551, 566–7, 577–8, 581, 594, 594n, 598, 601, 607, 622, 630, 633, 635n, 636, 641, 643, 665, 667, 682n, 688–9, 690, 693, 701, 721, 722, 729, 731, 744, 745
The Times Educational Supplement, 680
The Times Literary Supplement, 141–2, 368n, 634, 680, 693n
Tindemans, Leo, 477, 536n
Tiné, Helena, 168, 481, 518
Tiné, Jacques, 168, 481
Tomlinson, Eric (‘Ricky’), 432–3, 433n
Tomney, Frank, 119
Torrey Canyon, 304
Tosh, Murray, 626
Town Crier (Birmingham), 125, 131
Townsend, Peter, 152
Toynbee, Polly, 560, 601, 723
Trades Union Congress (TUC), 252n, 272, 348–9, 433, 547, 639
trades unions, 209–10, 345–9, 434, 546, 586–7
Transport and General Workers’ Union (TGWU), 149, 209–10
Tree, Marietta, 257, 310, 377, 609, 654, 655, 655n, 748
Tree, Ronald, 377
Trend, Sir Burke, 248
Trethowan, Ian, 285, 508
Tribune, 43, 106, 115, 118, 125–6, 131, 134, 136, 152, 180, 181, 215, 380, 444, 505
Trollope, Anthony, 62, 72, 634, 693, 695n
Truman, Harry S., 114, 133, 154, 234, 506, 629–30
TSR-2 (aircraft), 251–3, 255, 316
Tugendhat, Christopher, 478, 481, 483, 488, 495, 526, 531
Turing, Alan, 81
Turnbull, Andrew, 704
Tuttle, Kathleen, 14
Twigg, Stephen, 716, 723
Underhill, Reg, 401
unemployment, 144, 144n, 195, 446, 578, 584, 586, 591, 615, 618, 638–9
United Nations, 109, 187, 468, 558, 600–1
United States of America (USA), 114, 118, 138, 153–5
Universities’ Labour Federation (ULF) 34–36, 39
Vance, Cyrus, 488
Varley, Eric, 443, 551, 560
Vaughan Morgan, Sir John, 302
Veil, Simone, 536n
Verdi, Giuseppe, 697
Victoria, Queen, 692n, 702
Vietnam war, 260, 316, 319, 336, 357
Voltaire, 474
Wainwright, Richard, 618n
Walden, Brian, 146n, 212, 620
Waldheim, Kurt, 631
Walpole, Sir Robert, 679
Walston, Lord, 415, 457
Warnock, Mary, 730n
Warren, Des, 432–3, 452
Warrington, 574–81, 584, 586–9, 591, 593–4, 606, 608, 611, 619, 647n
Wass, Sir Douglas, 353
Watkins, Alan, 17, 190, 231, 287, 305, 604, 655n, 746
Watson, Sam, 214
Watt, David, 378, 465, 566
Waugh, Evelyn, 67, 147, 163, 218, 634, 695, 695n, 735
Way, Sir Richard, 245
Webb, Beatrice and Sydney, 80, 181
Wedgwood, D.J., 413n, 441
Wedgwood Benn – See Benn, Tony
Weekend World, 620
Weidenfeld, George, 149, 165, 167
Wheldon, Huw, 508
West, Granville, 87, 104
Westland crisis (1985), 642, 645
Whale, John, 447–8
What the Papers Say, 219
Wheatcroft, Geoffrey, 559
Which?, 289
Whistler, Rex, 520
Whitaker, Ben, 412
Whitehead, Phillip, 385–6, 458, 465, 544, 560
Whitehorn, Katharine, 190
Whitehouse, Mary, 260, 593
Whitelaw, A., 661
Whitelaw, William, 421, 426, 429, 443–5, 449–50, 470, 503n, 528, 628
Whitlam, Gough, 368
Who’s Who, 23, 153, 697, 728
Wigg, George, 281
Wilkinson, Clive, 560
Wilkinson, Ellen, 48, 101
Williams, Alwyn, 654
Williams, Bernard, 687, 744
Williams, Marcia (later Lady Falkender), 281, 305, 327, 327n, 329, 414, 421, 733n
Williams, Philip, 37, 39, 80, 204, 212, 229–30, 230n, 560
Williams, Shirley, 41, 212, 252, 393n, 407, 408, 409–10, 416, 418, 430, 434, 450, 451–2, 453, 459, 461, 506, 507–8, 701, 706–7, 738, 747–9; and Europe, 374, 379, 383n, 390, 392, 440, 442–3; and the SDP, 541–5, 548–9, 550–64, 566–74, 581–2, 586–7, 593, 599, 608, 618n, 619, 620, 621–3, 628, 660, 662–7; and SDP leadership, 570–1, 597, 601–3; declines Warrington, 574–6; wins Crosby, 584–5; relationship with Jenkins, 544–5, 549, 603, 627; Jenkins on, 545
Williamson, Sir Tom, 134
Willis, Lord, 301
Wilson, Angus, 525
Wilson, Charles, 275, 655n
Wilson, Des, 658, 660
Wilson, Harold, 1, 7, 26, 94, 120, 125, 130, 132, 136, 169, 194–5, 196n, 207, 211, 220, 504–5, 507n, 509, 577, 670, 676, 684, 739, 742; wins Labour leadership, 226–9; as Leader of the Opposition, 230–1, 232, 239–41, 296, 361, 369, 397–8, 400, 403, 407, 410–13; Jenkins distrust of, 179, 211, 225, 228; as Prime Minister (1964–70), 243–4, 248, 253, 255–6, 259, 264, 266, 276, 285n, 290, 291, 298, 300–1, 303–7, 311–13, 315–16, 319–20, 322, 324, 326, 327, 327n, 329, 330–5, 337, 342, 350, 353, 370, 370n, 490, 526, 708, 718; relationship with Jenkins, 230–1, 248–9, 255–6, 304–6, 316–17, 329–30, 330n, 408n, 733; and devaluation, 280–3, 303–4; and In Place of Strife, 345–9; in 1970 election, 355–9; and Europe,
284–5, 370–96, 399–400, 722; Prime Minister (1974–76) 414–19, 420–1, 423–4, 427, 433–6, 438–9, 440–3, 445, 447, 449–50, 454n, 455–6, 464, 534; resignation, 455–8, 457n, 461; Jenkins on, 211, 249, 450–1, 505, 643
Wilson, Mary, 507n
Wilson, Richard, 704
Wilson, Robin, 76–7
Wilson, Woodrow, 116
Winant, John, 62
Windle, Dick, 89
Wintour, Charles, 160
Wiseman, David, 592, 594
Wolfenden Report, 296
Wood, David, 402
Wood, Sir Kingsley, 69, 309, 728n
Woolf, Leonard, 148
Woolf, Virginia, 634, 695
Woolton, Lord, 205n
Wordsworth, William, 163
Workers’ Revolutionary Party (WRP), 452
World This Weekend, The, 388
Worsthorne, Peregrine, 266n
Wright, Peter, 642–3
Wrigglesworth, Ian, 457, 467, 558, 563, 572–4, 618n, 624, 660
Wyatt, Verushka, 504
Wyatt, Woodrow, 88–9, 94, 126, 128–9, 130–2, 134–6, 144, 146, 160, 162, 173–4, 175, 177, 201, 203, 217, 241, 473, 504, 527, 633, 649n, 661, 733, 739
XYZ Club, 135, 164, 221
Yates, Victor, 146
Yeats, W.B., 510, 514–15
Yeltsin, Boris, 633
Yes, Minister, 243, 262
York, Susannah, 290
Yorkshire Post, 131
Young, Hugo, 550n, 566–7, 604, 670, 701, 706, 707
Young, Lord, 637
Young, Michael, 156, 214, 214n, 560
Younger, Kenneth, 160, 261–2
Yutang, Lin, 47–8
Ziegler, Philip, 7, 408n, 733, 733n, 739
Zuckerman, Joan, 160, 202n, 440, 525
Zuckerman, Solly, 160, 202n, 280, 440, 524, 656, 683, 734
Acknowledgements
My greatest debt is to Dame Jennifer Jenkins for inviting me to write her husband’s biography and allowing me the exclusive use of his papers, then still held at East Hendred, in order to do so. It was an enormous privilege to be able to stay in the house while working on them. I am grateful for her generous hospitality over several extended visits, and for many wide-ranging and candid conversations about her life with Roy. I am also grateful to Charles and Ivana Jenkins, Cynthia Jenkins and Edward and Sally Jenkins for their help, hospitality and input, setting me right on a number of points. It cannot be easy having a biographer probing your family life but, as the children of a biographer themselves, they were understanding and very tolerant.
I am also indebted to Patricia Williams for her help and valuable advice at various stages of the work; and to Andrew Adonis for sharing with me some of the work he had done towards the biography before he had to give it up, notably his notes of an interview with John Harris.
I am grateful to Rosie Alison for making available to me Roy Jenkins’ letters to her aunt, Barley Alison; Leslie Bonham Carter for lending me her collection of press cuttings and allowing me to quote her letters; Craig Brown for Jenkins’ last postcard enjoying his parody of Twelve Cities; Sir David Butler for allowing me to quote from his invaluable collection of contemporary interviews with all the leading politicians over many decades; Ruth O’Neill and Graham C. Greene for permission to quote Tony Crosland’s letters; David Gilmour for allowing me to quote his mother’s letters; Patricia Grigg for letting me see her husband John’s letter written after visiting Brussels in 1978; and Bill Rodgers for letting me see extracts of his diary and correspondence with Roy Jenkins.