56 L M, i, p.369.
57 Add. MSS 34,526 f.68.
58 O’Sullivan, p.181.
59 R A Stuart M 11, p.300.
60 R A Stuart 280/20.
61 O’Sullivan, p.182.
62 L M, i, pp.192,325.
63 L M, i, p.172.
64 Stowe MSS 158 f.221.
65 Blaikie, Origins, pp.236–7.
66 R A Stuart. M 11, p.303.
67 O’Sullivan, p.183.
68 See below p.274.
69 R A Stuart M 11, p.304.
70 O’Sullivan, pp.183–4.
71 L M, i, p.193.
72 R A Cumberland 69/11.41.18.
73 L M, i, p.173.
74 L M, i, pp.170,173,193.
75 R A Stuart 307/175.
76 O’Sullivan, p.184.
77 Cordara, p.146.
78 O’Sullivan, p.184.
79 L M, i, p.326.
80 Albemarle Papers, op.cit., i, pp.69,74; Blaikie, Origins, p.239.
81 Blaikie, Origins, p.239.
82 L M, i, p.370.
83 L M, i, p.327.
84 L M, i, p.194.
85 O’Sullivan, p.187.
86 L M, i, p.194.
87 For this story see Eric Linklater, The Prince in the Heather (1965), pp.42–4.
88 Blaikie, Origins, p.241.
89 The sojourn at Borrodale is particularly rich in detail. Apart from the prince’s own account (R A Stuart 307/175), there is Neal MacEachain’s memoir (Blaikie, Origins, op. cit.), O’Sullivan’s history and the testimony of O’Neill (Stowe MSS 158; Albemarle Papers, i, pp.71–6).
90 Blaikie, Origins, p.241.
91 R A Stuart 307/175. The prince’s memories of this episode look even more curious when we recall that it was almost certainly Murray of Broughton, not Lord George Murray, who sent this message (cf. O’Sullivan, p.188). The psychological explanation is almost certainly that the prince conflated the two Murrays in his mind as traitors (Murray of Broughton turned king’s evidence to save his own skin when captured by the Hanoverians). This is an interesting example of failure to distinguish illusion from reality. Murray of Broughton was certainly a traitor; Lord. George was not.
92 Blaikie, Origins, p.241.
93 Add. MSS 34,526 f.70.
94 R A Stuart 307/175.
95 Browne, op.cit., iii, p.445.
96 Blaikie. Origins, p.241.
97 For a full account see Prebble, Culloden, op.cit., Chapter Four.
98 Home’s History, p.384; L M, i, p.88.
99 H M C, Various Colls, viii, p.167; H M C, 14, ix, p.145.
100 R A Cumberland 69/11.38.12.
101 M C P, v, p.70; H M C, Laing, ii, p.367.
102 Scots Magazine, 1746, p.238.
103 McLynn, France and the ’45, op.cit., p.221; Elcho, pp.441–2.
104 R A Cumberland 14/427.
105 John Gibson, Ships of the ’45 (1967), pp.36–41.
106 See above p.271.
107 McLynn, France and the ’45, op.cit., pp.221 et seq.
108 Morelli, i, pp.311–12,338.
109 R A Stuart 275/150,175; Tayler, Stuart Papers, p.181.
110 Benedict to Tencin, 13 April 1746, Morelli, i, pp.331–2.
111 Benedict to Tencin, 9 February 1746, Morelli, i, p.313.
112 Benedict to Tencin, 6 June 1746, Morelli, i, p.345.
113 S P Scotland 31 No.25.
114 S P Scotland 32 No.4.
115 For details of the hunt for the prince from the Whig point of view see H M C, 10, i, p.290; H M C, II, p.24; IV, p.8l; 12, v, p.198; H M C, Hastings, iii, p.57.
116 Fergusson, Argyll in the ’45, op.cit., p.180.
117 L M, i, p.328.
118 R A Stuart 307/175; R A Stuart M 11, p.318.
CHAPTER TWENTY
1 L M, i, p.268.
2 L M, i, p.162.
3 L M, i, p.370.
4 L M, i, p.268.
5 R A Stuart 307/175; Add. MSS 34,526 f.72.
6 O’Sullivan, p,189; McLynn, France and the ’45, op.cit., p.214.
7 O’Sullivan, pp.190–1.
8 L M, i, p.195.
9 L M, i, p.268.
10 O’Sullivan, pp.191–2.
11 L M, i, p.268.
12 Blaikie, Origins, p.247.
13 L M, i, p.209.
14 R A Stuart M 11, p.322.
15 LM, i, p.196.
16 Scots Magazine, 1746, p.336.
17 R A Stuart 307/175.
18 R A Stuart M 11, p.324.
19 Blaikie, Origins, p.249.
20 ‘The bread in these parts is not made of wheat but of barley and is very little cooked. It was, in fact, a kind of raw dough, smelling a good deal and tasting badly, disgusting to anyone of refined upbringing’ (Cordara, op.cit., p.151).
21 Cordara, p.150.
22 Add. MSS 34,526 f.73.
23 O’Sullivan, p.193.
24 For a portrait see Albemarle Papers, i, p.11.
25 R A Stuart M 11, p.323.
26 Albemarle Papers, i, p.75; Cordara, p.152; Tayler, Anonymous History, p.268; Tayler, Jacobite Miscellany, p.100.
27 O’Sullivan, p.194.
28 R A Stuart M 11, pp.324–5.
29 Blaikie, Origins, pp.249–50.
30 L M, i, p.196.
31 L M, i, p.296.
32 Blaikie, Origins, p.250.
33 R A Stuart M 11, p.328.
34 L M, i, p.371.
35 R A Stuart 307/175.
36 Add. MSS 34,526 f.74.
37 Blaikie, Origins, p.252.
38 R A Cumberland 69/11.41.18.
39 Blaikie, Origins, p.253.
40 Ibid., pp.253–4.
41 R A Stuart M 11, p.329.
42 Blaikie, Origins, p.254.
43 Ibid. The prince’s own account is very different. It makes him the intrepid hero of the piece, inwardly fearful but full of the outward qualities of leadership (R A Stuart M 11, p.330).
44 R A Stuart M 11, pp.330–1.
45 Blaikie, Origins, p.255.
46 Ibid., pp.255–6.
47 Ibid., p.257.
48 Ibid.
49 Ibid.
50 Ibid., p.258.
51 L M, i, p.327.
52 L M, i, p.372.
53 R A Stuart M 11, pp.331–2.
54 L M, i, p.372.
55 R A Cumberland 69/11.41.18.
56 Blaikie, Origins, p.260.
57 L M, i, p.146.
58 Scots Magazine, 1746, p.341.
59 L M, i, p.298. For criticisms of O’Neill see L M, i, p.157. At one point O’Neill’s spirits were said to have been so low that the prince actually had to cheer him up (L M, i, p.108).
60 Stowe MSS 158 f.122.
61 L M, i, p.373.
62 L M, iii, p.22.
63 L M, i, p.329.
64 Compton Mackenzie, Prince Charlie’s Ladies, op.cit., p.88. The relationship of the prince with Flora MacDonald has always intrigued those interested in the flight in the heather. Among the works dealing with this episode in Flora MacDonald’s life are: Alexander Mackenzie, History of the MacDonalds (Inverness, 1981), pp.267–71; Home’s History, pp.373–6. The most recent assessment is A. MacLean, A MacDonald for the Prince (Stornoway, 1982).
65 R A Stuart 280/20.
66 L M, i, p.305.
67 LM, i, p.111.
68 Blaikie, Origins, p.261.
69 Ibid.
70 R A Stuart M 11, p.333.
71 Tayler, Jacobite Miscellany, p.186.
72 R A Cumberland 69/11.41.18.
73 L M, i, p.301.
74 C P, pp.290–1.
75 R A Stuart 280/20.
76 M C P, v, p.122.
77 See Walpole Correspondence, 30, p.103; 37, pp.251–2.
78 Blaikie, Origins, p.265.
79 Stowe MSS 158 f.218.
80 L M, i, pp.117–19.
81 L M, i, p.119.
82 L M, i, p.76.
83 L M, i, p.120.
84 LM, i, p.121.
85 L M, i, p.81.
86 R A Cumberland 69/11.41.18.
87 L M, i, pp.76,302.
88 L M, ii, p.21.
89 L M, ii, p.20.
90 L M, ii, p.22.
91 L M, i, pp.130,302.
92 L M, ii, p.23. There was a similar incident a little later when the prince paid for his eleven-shilling bill with a guinea and again had to be prompted to insist on his change (L M, ii, p.24).
93 Tayler, Jacobite Miscellany, p.118.
94 L M, ii, p.25.
95 R A Stuart M 11, p.314; L M, ii, p.75.
96 ‘A miserable hut so low that he could neither sit nor stand up but was obliged to lie on the bare ground, having only a bundle of heath for his pillow’ (R A Cumberland 69/11.41.18).
97 L M, ii, p.74.
98 L M, ii, p.75.
99 Ibid.
100 R A Cumberland 69/11.41.18.
101 L M, i, p.133.
102 L M, i, p.134.
103 ‘The worst roads in Europe’ (R A Cumberland 69/11.41.18).
104 L M, i, p.139.
105 As the ‘master’, Macleod would have taken on two of them, and the prince one (R A Cumberland 69/11.41.18).
106 There is a lot of detail on the prince’s stay in Elgol in L M, i, pp.139,152,177.
107 R A Cumberland 69/11.41.18.
108 L M, i, p.140.
109 L M, ii, pp.31,81.
110 L M, ii, p.186.
CHAPTER TWENTY-ONE
1 For Fergusson’s depredations in the islands see L M, iii, pp.85–8.
2 R A Cumberland 14/58.
3 The hunt can be followed in H M C, 11, iv, pp.361–2; 12, v, p.198; Hastings, iii, p.57; Du Cane, p.126.
4 H M C, Du Cane, p.129.
5 M C P, v, pp.97,107.
6 Albemarle Papers, i, p.11.
7 Fergusson, Argyll in the ’45, p.228.
8 S P Scotland 32 No.53.
9 S P Scotland 32 No.52.
10 See for details of their interrogation and later fate Albemarle Papers, i, pp.71–6; S P Scotland 32 No.49; L M, i, pp.103,144; Fergusson, Argyll in the ’45, pp.225–7.
11 H M C, Townshend, p.362.
12 C P, p.336.
13 Denis Diderot, Correspondance, ed. Georges Roth (Paris, 1957), iii, p.228.
14 See the discussion in Blaikie, Itinerary, op.cit., p.109.
15 Boswell’s Life of Johnson, edited by G. B. Hill, revised by C. F. Powell, 6 vols (Oxford 1934), Vol.v (Tour to the Hebrides), pp.193–4.
16 J Doran, ed., Mann and Manners, op.cit., i, p.236. Cf. Mann to Walpole, 19 October 1746: ‘He should be made a sacrifice of. It would cure them from making any more attempts and would discredit France to the greatest degree. The Pope would make a martyr, and in time, a saint of him, but I had rather he should be prayed to by those fools in heaven than adored in Scotland or England, where in time he would make martyrs of us all’ (Walpole Correspondence, 19, p.131).
17 L M, ii, p.251.
18 R A Stuart M 11, p.337.
19 R A Cumberland 69/11.41.18.
20 L M, ii, p.251.
21 L M, iii, p.183.
22 L M, i, p.332.
23 L M, iii, pp.185–6.
24 L M, ii, p.252.
25 L M, ii, p.252.
26 L M, iii, p.187.
27 L M, iii, p.188.
28 L M, iii, p.189.
29 L M, ii, p.252.
30 Both were taken prisoner next day, the chief at Morar and Captain John when he arrived at Elgol (L M, ii, p.253). It was on parting from the Mackinnons at Borrodale that, according to the unverified story, the prince gave them the recipe that became the Drambuie liqueur.
31 R A Stuart M 11, p.337.
32 L M, i, pp.333–4.
33 L M, iii, p.337.
34 R A Cumberland 69/11.41.18.
35 R A Stuart M 11, p.337.
36 L M, iii, p.377.
37 L M, i, p.334.
38 ‘Visibly saw the whole coast surrounded by ships of war and tenders, as also the country by other military forces’ (L M, i, p.335).
39 L M, iii, p.377.
40 L M, i, p.335.
41 L M, i, p.338.
42 L M, ii, p.364.
43 R A Stuart M 11, pp.338–9.
44 Ibid., p.339.
45 L M, iii, p.377.
46 R A Cumberland 69/11.41.18.
47 Ibid.
48 L M, i, p.338.
49 L M, i, p.339.
50 R A Stuart M 11, pp.341–2.
51 Tayler, Jacobite Miscellany, pp.119–20.
52 R A Cumberland 69/11.41.18.
53 L M, i, p.339.
54 R A Stuart M 11, p.343.
55 L M, ii, p.363.
56 L M, i, p.318.
57 R A Cumberland 69/11.41.18.
58 L M, ii, pp.363–4; iii, p.91.
59 R A Stuart M 11, pp.343–4.
60 L M, iii, p.378.
61 R A Stuart M 11, p.342.
62 L M, i, p.340.
63 L M, iii, p.378.
64 R A Stuart M 11, p.345.
65 L M, iii, p.378.
66 Home’s History, p.252.
67 Blaikie, Itinerary (‘Lochgarry’s account’), pp.122–3.
68 L M, i, p.372.
69 L M, iii, p.379.
70 L M, i, p.343.
71 Blaikie, Itinerary (‘Lochgarry’s account’), p.123.
72 There were in fact eight of them. Their names were Patrick Grant, John MacDonald, Alexander MacDonnell, Gregor MacGregor and (three brothers) Donald, Alexander and Hugh Chisholm (L M, iii, p.202).
73 L M, iii, pp.7,97–8.
74 L M, iii, p.110.
75 L M, iii, pp.111,117.
76 Cf. the description given in Blaikie, Itinerary, p.61: ‘a cavern formed by the great masses of rock at the bottom of a talm from the hill above – in fact a cavity in a cairn of stones. The roof of the cavity is formed by a peculiarly shaped mass resembling three-quarters of an umbrella, resting on a spur of rock. The floor of the cave takes a crescent form, the entrance being at the south-west, and coming round by the north to the south-east. About the centre was what appeared to be a hearth, and the south-west would have formed the bed. The bottom of the cavern was of gravel, and a pure rivulet of water passed close under the east side of the cave.’
77 L M, i, p.344; iii, p.381.
78 L M, iii, p.111.
79 R A Stuart M 11, p.347.
80 L M, i, p.124.
81 L M, iii, p.104.
82 L M, i, p.344; iii, p.99.
83 L M, i, p.345.
84 L M, iii, pp.99–100.
85 L M, iii, p.99.
86 L M, i, p.346.
87 H. Malo, Les derniers corsairs. Dunkerque 1715–1815 (Paris, 1925), p.29.
88 Gibson, Ships of the ’45, op.cit., pp.76–9.
89 H M C 8, iii, p.11.
90 L M, iii, p.105.
91 By all accounts the prince’s sojourn in Fasnakyle, when he was provisioned by the local farmer John Chisholm, was a bibulous time for him (L M, iii, pp.102–3).
92 R A Cumberland 68/11.37.48.
93 S P Scotland 32 No.57.
94 For examples see Albemarle Papers, i, pp.228–30, 239.
95 Albemarle Papers, i, p.231.
96 R A Cumberland 18/265.
97 S P Scotland 33 No.9.
98 Scots Magazine, 1746, p.393.
99 Ibid., p.374.
100 Fergusson, Argyll in the ’45, p.241.
101 H M C, Denbigh, p.152.
102 Fergusson, op.cit., p.242.
103 L M, iii, p.104.
104 They were now ten in number: the prince, Glenaladale, his brother John, young John of Borrodale and six of the Glenmoriston men.
105 L M, i, p.347.
106 L M, i, p.348.
107 L M, i, p.96.
108 R A Stuart M 11, pp.349–50.
109 R A Stuart M 11, p.350.
110 L M, i, pp.96,348.
111 R A Cumberland 69/11.41.18.
112 L M, iii, p.39.
113 Blaikie, Itinerary (‘Lochgarry’s account’), p.124.
114 L M, i, pp.96,349.
115 L M, i, pp.98,349.
116 L M, iii, p.102.
117 Gibson, Ships of the ’45, op.cit., pp.114–16.
118 L M, i, p.349; iii, p.382.
119 L M, i, pp.99–100.
120 R A Cumberland 69/11.41.18.
121 L M, i, p.100.
122 R A Cumberland 69/11.41.18.
123 Ibid.
124 Ibid.
125 L M, i, p.101.
126 L M, iii, p.39.
127 L M, iii, p.102.
128 L M, iii, p.182.
129 L M, iii, p.140.
130 L M, iii, p.39.
131 L M, iii, p.41.
132 R A Stuart M 11, p.352; Blaikie, Itinerary (‘Lochgarry’s account’), p.125.
133 L M, ii, pp.376–9.
134 L M, iii, p.42.
135 See the description in Blaikie, Itinerary, p.69.
136 L M, ii, pp.376–7.
137 Daily Advertiser, 5 August 1746. See also Walpole Correspondence, 19, p.295.
138 For statements on the prince’s physical health during the flight in the heather see L M, i, p.165; iii, p.190.
139 L M, ii, p.103.
140 L M, i, p.120; ii, p.99.
141 There is a good example cited in Boswell’s Life of Johnson, op.cit., v, p.193.
142 Ibid., v, p.192.
143 R A Cumberland 69/11.41.18.
144 Boswell’s Life of Johnson, v, p.196.
145 See the two statements, one critical, the other showing understanding, at L M, i, p.35 and L M, i, p.80 respectively.
146 L M, iii, p.104; i, p.209.
147 L M, i, p.209.
148 See L M, i, p.170. At Glencanna the prince invited all to join in a toast to her health. He told them her hair was as black as a raven’s, that she was a very agreeable, sweet-natured and humble lady, that he loved her and was sure she had a high regard for him (L M, iii, p.109).
149 R A Stuart M 11, p.354.
150 L M, iii, p.44.
151 L M, iii, p.45.
152 Ibid.
153 Cordara, p.170.
154 McLynn, France and the ’45, op.cit., p.230.
155 For a detailed account of Warren’s voyage see Leon Lallement, Le maréchal de camp Warren, op.cit., pp.48–57.
156 This point was later confirmed with great bitterness by Albemarle (S P Scotland 33 Nos 31 and 35).
157 L M, i, p.319.
158 L M, ii, pp.377–8.
159 Gentleman’s Magazine, 1746, p.554.
160 Certainly neither the Jacobite clans nor the authorities in London. Both expected the prince to come again (S P Scotland 34 Nos 9 and 13).
Bonnie Prince Charlie: Charles Edward Stuart (Pimlico) Page 81
