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Faith and Betrayal

Page 17

by Sally Denton


  170 “the butcher in chief”: Salt Lake Daily Tribune, November 14, 1874.

  171 “the most important criminal case”: Salt Lake Daily Tribune, July 19, 1875.

  172 “Make yourself an honest man” . . . “He had a deep baritone”: Descendants’ recollections, author’s collection.

  173 “epaulettes, sword, and all” . . . “Plucked from the lap of luxury”: Ibid.

  174 “he tackled his job” . . . “in a precise line”: Ibid.

  175 “Toplady”: Augustus Montague Toplady, the well-known eighteenth-century British clergyman and hymnist who wrote “Rock of Ages.”

  EPILOGUE: PEACE AT LAST

  182 “the most terrifying situations”: Descendants’ recollections, author’s collection.

  BIBLIOGRAPHY

  BOOKS

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  Arrington, Leonard J. Saints without Halos: The Human Side of Mormon History. Salt Lake City: Signature Books, 1981.

  Bagley, Will. Blood of the Prophets: Brigham Young and the Massacre at Mountain Meadows. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2002.

  Bain, David Haward. Empire Express: Building the First Transcontinental Railroad. New York: Viking, 1999.

  Bartholomew, Rebecca. Audacious Women: Early British Mormon Immigrants. Salt Lake City: Signature Books, 1995.

  Bible. Holy Bible, New King James Version, Reader’s Edition. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 1990.

  Bigler, David L. Forgotten Kingdom: The Mormon Theocracy in the American West, 1847–1896. Logan: University of Utah Press, 1998.

  Bitton, Davis. Guide to Mormon Diaries and Autobiographies. Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University Press, 1977.

  Black, Susan Easton, and Larry C. Porter, eds. Lion of the Lord: Essays on the Life and Service of Brigham Young. Salt Lake City: Deseret Book Company, 1995.

  Blessing, Marlene, ed. A Road of Her Own: Women’s Journeys in the West. Golden, Colo.: Fulcrum, 2002.

  Brands, H. W. The Age of Gold: The California Gold Rush and the New American Dream. New York: Doubleday, 2002.

  Brodie, Fawn M. No Man Knows My History: The Life of Joseph Smith, Mormon Prophet. 2nd ed., rev. and enlarged. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1990.

  Brooks, Juanita. John Doyle Lee: Zealot, Pioneer Builder, Scapegoat. 1962. Logan: Utah State University Press, 1992.

  Burton, Richard Francis, Sir. The City of the Saints, and across the Rocky Mountains to California. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1862.

  Carpenter, Kirsty. Refugees of the French Revolution: Émigrés in London, 1789–1802. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1999.

  Chadwick, Owen. The Spirit of the Oxford Movement: Tractarian Essays. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990.

  Cline, Cheryl. Women’s Diaries, Journals, and Letters: An Annotated Bibliography. New York: Garland, 1989.

  Coates, James. In Mormon Circles: Gentiles, Jack Mormons, and Latter-day Saints. Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley, 1991.

  Crosland, Camilla Dufour Toulmin, “Mrs. Newton Crosland.” Landmarks of a Literary Life, 1820–1892. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Company, 1893.

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  De Voto, Bernard. The Year of Decision, 1846. 1943. New York: Truman Talley Books / St. Martin’s Press, 2000.

  Donovan, Frank Robert. River Boats of America. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1966.

  Ellet, E. F. Pioneer Women of the West. New York: Charles Scribner, 1852.

  Epstein, Barbara Leslie. The Politics of Domesticity: Women, Evangelism, and Temperance in Nineteenth-Century America. Middle-town, Conn.: Wesleyan University Press, 1981.

  Faulkner, George Washington. Ho for California: The Faulkner Letters, 1875–1876. Glendale, Calif.: 1964.

  Fielding, R. Kent. The Unsolicited Chronicler: An Account of the Gunnison Massacre, Its Causes and Consequences, Utah Territory, 1847–1859. Brookline, Mass.: Paradigm Publications, 1993.

  Gibbs, Josiah F. The Mountain Meadows Massacre. Salt Lake City: Salt Lake Tribune Publishing, 1910.

  Green, Nelson Winch. Fifteen Years Among the Mormons: Being a Narrative of Mrs. Mary Ettie V. Smith, Late of Great Salt Lake City. New York: H. Dayton, 1859.

  Greer, Donald. The Incidence of the Emigration During the French Revolution. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1951.

  Gunnison, J. W. The Mormons, or Latter-Day Saints, In the Valley of The Great Salt Lake: A History of Their Rise and Progress, Peculiar Doctrines, Present Condition, and Prospects, Derived from Personal Observation, During a Residence Among Them. Philadelphia: Lippincott, Grambo, 1852.

  Hardy, B. Carmon. Solemn Covenant: The Mormon Polygamous Passage. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1992.

  Harrison, John B., and Richard E. Sullivan. A Short History of Western Civilization. 3rd ed. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1971.

  Hazleton, Lesley. Mary: A Flesh-and-Blood Biography of the Virgin Mother. London: Bloomsbury, 2004.

  Heilbrun, Carolyn G. Writing a Woman’s Life. New York: Ballantine Books, 1989.

  Henrie, Samuel Nyal, ed. Writings of John D. Lee. Tucson, Ariz.: Hats Off Books, 2001.

  Herman, Arthur. How the Scots Invented the Modern World. New York: Three Rivers Press / Crown, 2002.

  Hibbert, Christopher. Days of the French Revolution. New York: Quill / Morrow, 1981.

  Hirshson, Stanley P. The Lion of the Lord: A Biography of Brigham Young. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1969.

  Jameson, Elizabeth, and Susan Armitage, eds. Writing the Range: Race, Class, and Culture in the Women’s West. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1997.

  Jensen, Richard L., and Malcolm R. Thorp, eds. Mormons in Early Victorian Britain. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1989.

  Kimball, Heber Chase. On the Potter’s Wheel: The Diaries of Heber C. Kimball. Edited by Stanley B. Kimball. Salt Lake City: Signature Books, in assoc. with Smith Research Associates, 1987.

  Kimball, Stanley B., and Violet T. Kimball. Mormon Trail: Voyage of Discovery; The Story Behind the Scenery. Las Vegas: KC Publications, 1995.

  Kolodny, Annette. The Land before Her: Fantasy and Experience of the American Frontiers, 1630–1860. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1984.

  Krakauer, Jon. Under the Banner of Heaven: A Story of Violent Faith. New York: Doubleday, 2003.

  Laxness, Halldór. Paradise Reclaimed. New York: Vintage Books, 2002.

  Lee, John D. Journals of John D. Lee, 1846–1847 and 1859. Edited by Charles Kelly. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1984.

  ———. Writings of John D. Lee. Edited by Samuel Nyall Henrie. Tucson, Ariz.: Hats Off Books, 2001.

  Michener, James A. Centennial. New York: Fawcett Crest, 1974.

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  Moynihan, Ruth B., Susan Armitage, and Christiane Fischer Dichamp, eds. 2nd ed. So Much to Be Done: Women Settlers on the Mining and Ranching Frontier. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1998.

  Mulder, William. Homeward to Zion: The Mormon Migration from Scandinavia. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1957.

  Myres, Sandra L. Westering Women and the Frontier Experience, 1800–1915. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1982.

  Peterson, John Alton. Utah’s Black Hawk War. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1998.

  Phillips, Kevin. The Cousins’ Wars: Religion, Politics and the Triumph of Anglo-America. New York: Basic Books, 1999.

  Piercy, Frederick Hawkins. Route from Liverpool to Great Salt Lake Valley. Edited by Fawn M. Brodie. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press / Harvard University Press, 1962.
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  Quiett, Glenn Chesney. They Built the West: An Epic of Rails and Cities. New York: D. Appleton-Century, 1934.

  Reisner, Marc. Cadillac Desert: The American West and Its Disappearing Water. New York: Viking, 1986.

  ———. Building and Breaking Families in the American West. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1996.

  Riley, Glenda. Women and Indians on the Frontier, 1825–1915. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1984.

  Schlissel, Lillian, Byrd Gibbens, and Elizabeth Hampsten, eds. Far from Home: Families of the Westward Journey. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1989.

  Schlissel, Lillian, Vicki L. Ruiz, and Janice Monk, eds. Western Women: Their Land, Their Lives. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1988.

  Seagraves, Anne. High-Spirited Women of the West. Lakeport, Calif.: Wesanne Publications, 1992.

  Snow, Eliza R. The Personal Writings of Eliza Roxcy Snow. Edited by Maureen Ursenbach. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1995.

  ———. Saints on the Seas: A Maritime History of Mormon Migration, 1830–1890. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1983.

  Sonne, Conway B. Ships, Saints, and Mariners: A Maritime Encyclopedia of Mormon Migration, 1830–1890. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1987.

  Stenhouse, Fanny (Mrs. T.B.H). Tell It All: The Story of a Life’s Experience in Mormonism; An Autobiography. Hartford, Conn.: A. D. Worthington, 1874.

  Stenhouse, T.B.H. The Rocky Mountain Saints: A Full and Complete History of the Mormons, From the First Vision of Joseph Smith to the Last Courtship of Brigham Young. London: Ward, Lock & Tyler, 1871.

  Stratton, Joanna L. Pioneer Women: Voices from the Kansas Frontier. New York: Simon & Schuster / Touchstone Books, 1982.

  Sykes, Stephen, John Booty, and Jonathan Knight, eds. rev. ed. The Study of Anglicanism. London: SPCK; Philadelphia, Fortress Press, 1998.

  Taylor, Samuel W. The Last Pioneer: John Taylor, a Mormon Prophet. Salt Lake City: Signature Books, 1976.

  Twain, Mark. Roughing It. 1872. New York: Viking Penguin, 1987. Udall, Stewart L. The Forgotten Founders: Rethinking the History of the Old West. Washington, D.C.: Island Press, 2002.

  Vidler, Alec R. Witness to the Light: F. D. Maurice’s Message for Today. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1948.

  Walker, Ronald W., and Doris R. Dant, eds. Nearly Everything Imaginable: The Everyday Life of Utah’s Mormon Pioneers. Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University Press, 1999.

  Ward, Maria. The Mormon Wife: A Life Story of the Sacrifices, Sorrows, and Sufferings of Woman; A Narrative of Many Years’ Personal Experience, by the Wife of a Mormon Elder, Recently from Utah. Hartford, Conn.: Hartford Publishing, 1873.

  Weiner, Margery. The French Exiles, 1789–1815. London: John Murray, 1960.

  Wise, William. Massacre at Mountain Meadows: An American Legend and a Monumental Crime. 1976. Lincoln, Nebraska: iUniverse .com, Inc., 2000.

  Woodham Smith, Cecil. The Great Hunger: Ireland 1845–1849. London: Penguin Books, 1991.

  Wright, Louis B., and H. T. Swedenberg, Jr. The American Tradition. New York: F. S. Crofts and Company, 1944.

  SELECTED PERIODICAL AND NEWSPAPER ACCOUNTS

  Aird, Polly. “Escape from Zion: The United States Army Escort of Mormon Apostates, 1859.” Nevada Historical Society Quarterly (fall 2001).

  Dickens, Charles. “The Uncommercial Traveller.” All the Year Round (July 4, 1863).

  “Portrait of a Danish Family.” Daughters of the Utah Pioneers (March and April 1981).

  MANUSCRIPTS

  Edwards, Marianne. Letters, 1855–1866. Manuscript Resources on Baton Rouge History, Special Collections, Louisiana State University Libraries.

  ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

  I have been gathering information on Jean Rio for decades—beginning years before I had any idea how I might put the information to use. I am deeply grateful for the assistance I received from librarians and archivists in England, France, Denmark, Scotland, California, and Utah. From the tiny Antioch Historical Society to the imposing British Museum, from the volunteer-based Daughters of the Utah Pioneers to the esoteric maritime division of the Library of Congress, my inquiries met with the most professional and courteous response.

  I communicated with dozens of Jean Rio’s descendants, but I want especially to thank my very “distant” cousins: Jeffrey Johnson, Kenvin Lyman, Barbara Baker, Robert Gill, David Seegmiller, and David Neighbor.

  I am deeply indebted to my agent, Gloria Loomis, a dear friend and my most staunch supporter. Jonathan Segal at Knopf has worked his magic with Jean Rio as he has for me so many times before.

  Once again, I have Roger Morris to thank for his generosity in taking time from his own overwhelming writing schedule to serve as my first reader.

  Finally, my family is the light that shows me the way. My parents, Ralph and Sara Denton, are my solid and enthusiastic backers, always there to make my life easier as rolling deadlines loom. My beautiful sons—Ralph, Grant, and Carson—are a daily reminder of what is important and why history matters.

  SALLY DENTON

  Faith and Betrayal

  Sally Denton is the author of American Massacre: The Tragedy at Mountain Meadows, September 1857; The Bluegrass Conspiracy: An Inside Story of Power, Greed, Drugs, and Murder; and, with Roger Morris, The Money and the Power: The Making of Las Vegas and Its Hold on America, 1947–2000. She received Western Heritage Awards in 2002 and 2004, a Lannan Literary grant in 2000, and, for her body of work, the Nevada Silver Pen Award of 2003 for distinguished literary achievement. Her award-winning investigative reporting has appeared in The New York Times, The Washington Post, and American Heritage. She lives with her three children in New Mexico.

  ALSO BY SALLY DENTON

  The Bluegrass Conspiracy:

  An Inside Story of Power, Greed, Drugs, and Murder

  The Money and the Power:

  The Making of Las Vegas and Its Hold on America, 1947–2000 (with Roger Morris)

  American Massacre:

  The Tragedy at Mountain Meadows, September 1857

  FIRST VINTAGE BOOKS EDITION, JULY 2006

  Copyright © 2005 by Sally Denton

  Vintage and colophon are registered trademarks of Random House, Inc.

  All photographs and illustrations are from the author’s personal collection.

  The Library of Congress has cataloged the Knopf edition as follows: Denton, Sally.

  Faith and betrayal: a pioneer woman’s passage in the American West / Sally Denton.—1st ed.

  p. cm.

  Includes bibliographical references (p.) and index.

  1. Rio, Jean, 1810–1883. 2. Ex-church members—Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints—Biography. 3. Mormons—United States—Biography.

  I. Title.

  BX8678.R56D46 2005

  978’.02’092—dc22

  2004057742 [B]

  www.vintagebooks.com

  www.randomhouse.com

  eISBN: 978-0-307-42583-6

  v3.0

 

 

 


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