The Health of the First Ladies: Medical Histories from Martha Washington to Michelle Obama
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_____. Washington, D.C., to Charles Everett, September 1, 1824. Tyler’s Historical Quarterly 5: 23. New York: Kraus Reprint, 1967.
_____. Washington, D.C., to Dr. Charles Everett, Richmond, Virginia, December 2, 1822. Tyler’s Historical Quarterly 5: 18. New York: Kraus Reprint, 1967.
Pierce, Jane. To her deceased son Bennie, January 23, 1853. New Hampshire Historical Society Manuscript, Franklin Pierce Papers, accession no. 1929–001.
Scott, John. To Henry Scott, May 3, 1858. Benjamin Harrison Home.
Taft, William. To Helen Herron Taft, October 31, 1909. Physicians in William Howard Taft’s Life. http:///www.apneos.com/physicians.html (accessed September 8, 2012).
_____. To Robert Taft, May 18, 1909. Physicians in William Howard Taft’s Life. http:///www.apneos.com/physicians.html (accessed September 8, 2012).
Taylor, (Colonel) James, M.D. To General Howard Snyder, M.D., October 27, 1950.
Tyler, Letitia. To Mary Tyler Jones, March 25, 1836. Library of Congress, John Tyler Collection.
Wilson, Woodrow. To Mary Allen Hulbert, June 21, 1914.
_____. To Alfred P. Wilson, July 23, 1914.
_____. To E.P. Davis, July 26, 1914.
_____. To J.R. Wilson, August 6, 1914.
Young, Hugh. Baltimore, to Joel Boone, Washington, D.C., April 18, 1928. Library of Congress, Joel Boone Papers.
Interviews by the Author
Anthony, Carl. E-mail July 28, 2013.
Calhoun, Charles W. E-mail, March 27, 2012.
Capps, Jennifer. E-mail, March 30, 2012.
Cole, Tiffany. James Madison’s Montpelier, e-mail November 8, 2011.
Davidson, Jonathan. E-mail, April 18, 2012.
Eisenhower, Julie Nixon. E-mail, May 31, 2010.
Ellis, Joseph. Telephone, December 3, 2011.
Husu, Emanuel. E-mail, September 22, 2013.
Lein, Howard. E-mail, November 18, 2009.
Levenson, Alan. E-mails, April 15, 2011; April 18, 2012; August 10, 2011.
Mariano, Connie. E-mail, July 1, 2013.
Miller, Kristie. E-mail, March 7, 2013.
Miller, Nancy R. University of Pennsylvania Archives and Records Center. E-mail February 4, 2005.
Patterson, Nancy Hord. Telephone, June 13, 2011.
Schermer, Craig. E-mail, September 6, 2008.
Smith, Hugh. Personal, April 19, 2013.
Tubb, Richard. Personal, August 13, 2011.
Tyler, Harrison. Telephone, July 3, 2009.
List of Names and Terms
abscesses
Adams, Abigail
Adams, Abigail “Nabby” (later Smith, daughter of Abigail Adams)
Adams, Charles Francis
Adams, George Washington
Adams, Henry
Adams, John
Adams, John (son of Louisa Adams)
Adams, John Quincy (husband of Louisa Adams)
Adams, Louisa Catherine Johnson
Adams, Thomas
addictions
Adirondack Cottage Sanitarium
Adventures of a Nobody (Adams)
Affordable Care Act
alcohol abuse, rumors and reality
Alley Clearing Act
Allgor, Catherine
American Medical Association
America’s First Ladies (Gould)
Ames, Mary Clemmer
Ammon, Harry
amphetamines
Anderson, Jack
anemia, Eleanor Roosevelt’s
ankle injury, A. Fillmore’s
Anthony, Carl Sferrazza
Anthony, Katherine
aplastic anemia, Eleanor Roosevelt’s
Appleton, Elizabeth Means
Appleton, Jane (later Pierce)
Appleton, Jesse
apraxia of speech, N. Taft’s
Auchincloss, Janet
back problem, P. Nixon’s
Bailey, George Wray
Baldwin, James Fairchild
Barker, Lewellys F.
Baxter, Jedediah
Beahrs, Ollie
Beall, Mr.
Beaumont, William
Beauvais, Augustin Jacob Landre
Bedynek, Julius L.
benzyl benzoate treatments
Bernhard, William
Bernstein, Carl
Betty Ford Center
Bishop, J.N.
bladder stones, J. Polk’s
Bliss, Mary Elizabeth “Betty” (earlier Taylor)
Bliss, William
blistering treatments
Bloedorn, Walter
blood clot, H. Clinton’s
bloodletting treatments
Bloomer, Betty (later Ford)
Boller, Paul F.
Bolling, Robert
Boone, Joel
Boone, Suzanne
Boynton, Silas
breast cancer
Brennan, John
Brennan, Mary C.
Bright, Richard
Bright’s disease
bromide treatments
bronchitis
Brooks, Noah
Brown, Dr.
Brown, Louisa
Brown, Thomas R.
Brust, James S.
Bryant, Joseph
Buchanan, James
Buckley, Dr.
Bullfinch, Thomas
Bullitt, William
Bumgarner, John Reed
Busey, Samuel
Bush, Barbara Pierce
Bush, George H.W.
Bush, George W.
Bush, Laura Welch
Bush, Robin
Butler, Paul
Butt, Archie
cadaver availability
Calhoun, Charles
calomel treatments
cancers:
Cannibals of the Heart (Shepherd)
Caputy, Anthony
Carnegie, Andrew
Caroli, Betty Boyd
carotid artery hypersensitivity
Carow, Edith Kermit (later Roosevelt)
Carow, Emily
Carter, James
Carter, Rosalynn
Challinor, Joan Ridde
children, deaths of (during the 1800s)
children, deaths of (during the 1900s)
Childress, Sarah (later Polk)
cholera
cigarette smoking
cinchona bark
Clay, Henry
Cleveland, Esther
Cleveland, Frances “Frankie” (earlier Folsom)
Cleveland, Francis Grover (daughter of Frances)
Cleveland, Grover
Cleveland, Marion
Cleveland, Ruth
Clifford, Stephen
Clinton, Bill
Clinton, Chelsea Victoria
Clinton, Hillary
codeine treatments, G. Coolidge’s
Colburn, Nettie
Colchester, Charles
confidentiality practices, overview
Conkling, Roscoe
Connor, Kathryn M.
conversion disorder, I. McKinley’s
Coolidge, Calvin
Coolidge, Calvin, Jr.
Coolidge, Grace Goodhue
Coolidge, John (father-in-law of Grace)
Coolidge, John (son of Grace)
Cooper, Priscilla (earlier Tyler)
Coupal, Charles
Craik, James
Cranch, Mary
Crispen, Elaine
Crowninshield, Mrs.
Cruise, Joseph
cupping treatments, A. Fillmore’s
Curtis, Daniel Parke
Curtis, John Parke
Cushing, Clinton
Custis, Ann
Daniels, Josephus
Davidson, Jonathan R.T.
Davis, Edith (earlier Luckett, then Robbins)
Davis, Edward P.
Davis, Jefferson
Davis, Loyal
Davis, Nancy (earlier Robbins, then Reagan)
Davis, Sarah Knox (earlier Taylor)
Deaver, John B.
deep vein thrombosis (DVT), H. Clinton’s
DeLaney, Matthew A.
depression, during the 1800s
depression, during the 1900s
Dercum, Francis X.
DeToledo, John C.
Dexedrine treatments
Dickens, Paul
dictionaries, First Lady term
Dictionary of American History (Pillsbury)
Dimmick, Mary (later Harrison)
diphtheria
Diseases of the Mind (Rush)
Diseases of the Stomach (Van Valzah)
Doughty, Francis E.
Drobaugh, James E.
drug dependency
Dubovoy, Sina
Easter egg roll, White House
eclampsia
Edson, Susan
Edwards, Elizabeth Todd
Eisenhower, Dwight D.
Eisenhower, Julie Nixon
Eisenhower, Mamie
Emerson, Jason
Emmet, Thomas Addis
endocarditis
epilepsy
erysipelas
Evans, E.M.
Everett, Charles
eye ailments
Face the Nation, L. Bush interview
Feelgood, Dr.
Fillmore, Abigail (earlier Powers)
Fillmore, Caroline
Fillmore, Mary Abigail “Abbie”
Fillmore, Millard (husband of Abigail)
Fillmore, Millard Powers (son of Abigail)
The Final Days (Woodward and Bernstein)
Finney, John
First Ladies (Anthony)
First Ladies (Caroli)
First Ladies (Truman)
First Ladies, overview
First Lady (Dayton and Kaufman)
The First Lady of the Land (Nirdlinger)
Fish, Julia
Foltz, Jonathan M.
Folsom, Frances “Frankie” (later Cleveland)
Foraker, Joseph B.
Ford, Betty (earlier Bloomer)
Ford, Bob
Ford, Gerald
Ford, Susan
Fouty, William
Fox, Kathy
Fox, Maggie
fractures
France, Adams’ peace negotiations
Freud, Sigmund
Fugitive Slave Law
Gaither, Dr.
gallbladder disease
Galt, Edith Bolling (later Wilson)
Galt, Norman
Gara, Larry
Gardiner, David
Gardiner, Julia (later Tyler)
Gardiner, Margaret
Gardner, Franklin
Garfield, Abe
Garfield, James
Garfield, Lucretia
Garrod, Archibald
gastrointestinal maladies
Geer, Emily
George Washington University Hospital
Germantown, Pennsylvania
Gibbons, Henry
Gilbert, Robert E.
Gordon, Alice Gertrude “Altrude” (later Grayson)
Gordon, James
Gould, Louis L.
Gouveneur, Samuel
Graham, James Walter
Graham, Wallace
Grant, Julia Dent
Grant, Nellie (later Sartoris)
Grant, Ulysses
Graves, Robert
Graves’ disease
Gray’s Ferry
Grayson, Alice Gertrude “Altrude” (earlier Gordon)
Grayson, Cary
Green, Charles
Greenbrier resort
Gross, Samuel
Guiteau, Charles
Gurewitsch, David
Hahnemann, Samuel
Haig, Alexander
Hall, Dr.
Hall, James Crowdhill
Halsted, William
Hamilton, Alexander
Hamman, Louis
Hardin, Bernard
Harding, Florence Kling DeWolfe
Harding, George
Harding, Phoebe
Harding, Warren
Harrison, Anna
Harrison, Benjamin
Harrison, Caroline (earlier Scott)
Harrison, Elizabeth
Harrison, Henry
Harrison, Jane Irwin
Harrison, Mary
Harrison, Russell
Harrison, William Henry
Hart, Craig
Hawthorne, Nathaniel
Hay, Mrs. John
Hayes, Emily (earlier Platt)
Hayes, Lucy Webb
Hayes, Russell
Hayes, Rutherford B.
head injuries
headaches
Healy, Maud
heart ailments
hemorrhoids, L. Adams’
Henry, Anson
Herron, Eleanor (later Moore)
Herron, Harriet Collins
Herron, Helen “Nellie” (later Taft)
Herron, John Williamson
Heymann, C. David
Hibben, John Grier
Hill, Clint
Hippocrates
Hirschfelder, Joseph
Hobart, Jennie
Holloway, Laura C.
homeopathic treatments
Homestead strike
Honyman, Robert
Hoover, Allan Henry
Hoover, Herbert, Jr.
Hoover, Lou
House, Edward
Howe, Annie
Howe, George, Jr.
Howe, Nancy
Hunt, Harriot Kezla
Huntt, Henry
Hutton, John
hypertension
hyperthyroidism
hysterics
infinitesimals law, homeopathy
influenza, Edith Wilson’s
Irving, Washington
Jackson, Andrew
Jacobson, Max
jalap treatments
Jaspan, Jonathan
Jefferson, Thomas
Jenner, Edward
Johnson, Andrew
Johnson, Eliza
Johnson, Lady Bird
Johnson, Louisa Catherine
Johnson, Lyndon B.
Johnson, Martha
Johnson, Reverdy
Johnson, Thomas
Johnston, William
Kaufman, George S.
Keckley, Elizabeth
Keller, William
Kennedy, Arabella
Kennedy, Caroline
Kennedy, Jacqueline “Jackie,”
Kennedy, John (Fillmore administration)
Kennedy, John F.
Kennedy, John F., Jr.
Kennedy, Patrick Joseph
Kennedy, Robert F.
Kennedy, Rose
Ketcham, Ralph
kidney disease
Kirby, S.
Knab, Douglas
Kolmar, Dr.
Kortright, Elizabeth (later Monroe)
Kushner, Rose
The Ladies of the White House (Holloway)
Lafayette, Madame de
Lane, Harriet
laudanum
Laughlin, Samuel L.
Lawrence, Richard
Lazear, Jesse
lazy eye, J. Grant’s
Leahy, Christopher
Lear, Polly
Lear, Tobias
Lee, Alice Hathaway (later Roosevelt)
Lee, Burton, III
Leech, Margaret
leech treatments
Lerner, Barron H.
leukemia, R. Bush’s
Leveran, Charles
Levine, Samuel
library, White House
life expectancy, statistics
Lincoln, Abraham
Lincoln, Eddie
Lincoln, Mary Todd
Lincoln, Robert
Lincoln, Tad
Lincoln, Willie
Living History (Clinton)
Locock, Sir Charles
Long, John D.
Los Angeles Times
Luckett, Edith (later Robbins, then Davis)
Lukash, William
lumpectomies
Lungren, Jack
Lungren, John C.
lupus, dog’s
lymphoma, J. Kenney’s
Madison, Dolley
Madison, James
Maguire, Frank
malaria
mammograms, screening rates
Marcy, William
Mariano, Connie
Mattingly, Thomas
May, Dr.
Mayo, Charles
Mayo, William
Mayo Clinic
McAdoo, Eleanor Wilson
McAdoo, William
McCallops, James S.
McDonough, Sally
McDowell, Ephraim
McIlrath, Dr.
McIntire, Ross T.
McKinley, Ida
McKinley, Ida (child of Ida)
McKinley, Katherine
McKinley, William
McLean, Evalyn
Means, Abby A.
measles
Medical Mirror
Menière’s disease
mercury treatments
methimazole
Michela, Bernard J.
Miller, Thomas
Millie (dog)
Modern First Ladies (Gould)
Monroe, Eliza Hay
Monroe, Elizabeth Kortright
Monroe, James (husband of Elizabeth)
Monroe, James Spence (child of Elizabeth)
Monroe, Maria Hester
Moore, Eleanor (earlier Herron)
Morgan, John
Morris, Edmund
mortality rates, diseases
Moses, A.
Mosier, John
mosquitoes as vectors
Mrs. Adams in Winter (O’Brien)
Mumler, William H.
Murray, William Vans
National Enquirer
National First Ladies’ Library
New York City
New York Times
Nirdlinger, Charles F.
Nixon, Julie (later Eisenhower)
Nixon, Pat
Nixon, Richard M.
Norris, Basil
Noyan treatments
Obama, Michelle
O’Brien, Michael
Onassis, Aristotle
Ord, Mary
O’Reilly, Robert M.
Orman, Ben
Osler, William
osteoarthritis
Packard, Francis Appleton
Packard, Randall M.
pancreatitis, B. Ford’s
Paracelsus
partnership patterns
Payne, Anna
Payne, Dorothea
phenobarbital
Philadelphia, yellow fever epidemics
Phillips, Dr.
phrenology
Physick, Philip Synge
Pierce, Benny
Pierce, Frank Robert
Pierce, Franklin
Pierce, Franklin, Jr.
Pierce, Jane Appleton
Pillsbury, Stanley
Plasmodium spp.
Platt, Emily (later Hayes)
pneumonia
Pocahontas
political advisor role, during the 1800s
political advisor role, during the 1900s
Polk, Gustavus
Polk, James
Polk, Sarah (earlier Childress)
Portman, Dr.