Royalist Agents, Conspirators and Spies
Page 42
Russell, John, member of the Sealed Knot, 180, 217, 222
Russell, William, 5th Earl of Bedford, 40
safe houses, for agents and correspondence, 195–6, 213, 242
St. Germain, palace, queen’s household at, 73, 75, 81, 92, 96, 121, 132, 169
St. Malo, 230
Scariffhollis, battle of, 140
Scilly Islands, 86, 92, 97, 158
Scot, Thomas, 7, 166, 173, 229
Scriven, Richard, 181, 189
Sealed Knot, 173
membership of, 180, 188
failure to control conspiracies, 181–3, 187
reputation for caution and ineffectiveness, 187, 188, 189, 206, 208, 216, 229
re-established, 211, 226
networks of agents, 240–41
rewards for members of, 247
Seton, Charles, 2nd Earl of Dunfermline, 151, 156, 165, 166
Seymour, Henry, Lord Beauchamp, 142, 144, 180
Seymour, Henry
background and character of, 5, 6, 40, 133, 136
carries invitation to single combat from Earl of Hertford to Earl of Bedford, 40
invites Earl of Warwick to ‘return to his allegiance’, 109
groom of bedchamber to Prince Charles, 86, 96, 133
delivers prince’s final letters to Charles I, 117–18
undertakes dangerous mission from Jersey to Ireland, 133–4, 139
accompanies Charles II to Scotland, attends him on the Start, and banished, 149, 155, 156
arrested but released and banished while on money collecting mission to England, 170–71
returns to England, arrested again and imprisoned, 199, 202
released from prison but withdraws from active service on the ‘king’s business’, 212
rewards, 247
Seymour, John, 143, 151, 152, 153, 154, 212, 224
Seymour, William, 1st Marquess of Hertford, 40, 57, 94, 135, 240, 243
Sherburn in Elmet, battle of, 57, 72, 78
Ship Tavern plot, 182
Shrewsbury
plans to capture, 181, 227, 242
failure to capture, 228, 229
Shropshire, 89, 181, 189
Skelton, Sir John, 224, 249
Slingsby, Sir Henry, 203, 210
trial and execution of, 218, 221, 246
Smith, Paul, captain, 175, 186, 209
Solemn League and Covenant, the, 59, 72, 145
Somerset, Edward, Lord Herbert, 1st Earl of Glamorgan, 76, 77, 78, 79, 97
Souldier’s Catechisme, the, 45
Souza, Antony de, Portuguese ambassador, 73
Spottiswoode, Sir Robert, 75
Stanhope, Catherine, Mme. de Heenvliet, (later) Countess of Chesterfield
in Mary of Orange’s household at The Hague, 161, 185
friendship with O’Neill, 161, 185, 196
marriage to O’Neill, 251
Stanley, James, 7th Earl of Derby, 143, 152, 153, 170
Stapley, John, 211, 212
Start, the, 148, 149, 222
Stephens, Sir John
as loyal and trusted follower of Ormond, 70, 110, 187, 188, 210, 240
mission to England 1654, 187–8
with Ormond in London 1658, 215–17
arrested at Dover and imprisoned, 233
sends news to Ormond of Monck’s forcing Rump to dissolve itself, 133
rewards, 233, 249
Stevenson, David, 60
Stone, Sir Robert, 192
Strachan, captain, 175, 209, 238
Strickland, Walter, 81
Stuart, Catherine, (neé Howard), Lady d’Aubigny, Viscountess Newburgh
character, 114
distributes royal commission to London plotters, 49, 51, 55, 114
plans last minute rescue of Charles I, 116
exile and death, 121, 245
Suckling, Sir John, background, 13, 16
and army plots, 21, 22, 26
flight into exile, 27
death, 30, 35
Supreme Council, of Confederation of Kilkenny, 657, 68, 77, 97
Swordsmen, 138, 182
see also factions
Taaffe, Theobald, Lord, (later) 1st Earl of Carlingford
character, 161
approaches to Duke of Lorraine, 168–9
retains favour of Charles II, 161, 178
Talbot, Richard, colonel, 196
Thirty Years War, 11, 32, 71, 159, 167, 187
Thurloe, John
reputation as spymaster, 7
appointed Postmaster General and Secretary of State, 173
relies on spies and informers, 174
receives intelligence reports from
Bampfield, 176–7, 179, 205, 223
Manning, 183, 184, 189, 191, 195, 196, 199
Corker, 205–6, 210, 216–17
other spies and informers, 190, 192, 208, 209
Lockhart, 205
Monck, 209
his scathing opinion of Gerard plotters, 182
employs royalists as double agents, 202–3, 204
especially Willys, 205, 216–17, 228
irritated at intransigence of Cavaliers, 209, 212, 218, 242–3, 244
fails to capture Ormond in London 1658, 215
fears consequences of death of Protector, 224
disapproves of Halsall’s release, 227
replaced by Scot 1659, 229
replaced as Postmaster General by O’Neill, 251
Titus, Silius (Silas)
background, 102, 102n, 246
in attendance on Charles I at Carisbrooke, 114, 115, 121
friend of Massey, 121, 225, 240
goes into exile, 121
joins court on Jersey, 132
accompanies Charles II to Scotland, 144
appointed to the bedchamber, 150, 151
accompanies Bampfield to Paris on mission for Argyll, 150–51
in contact with Presbyterian plotters in London, 151, 153, 153n, 154
returns into exile, 167
not employed in Penruddock’s rising, 198
resumes involvement in conspiracy in Mordaunt’s Great Trust, 225
accompanies Charles II to Calais and warns king not to go to England, 228, 230
returns to England with Massey, 233, 234
rewards, 247
Tompkins, Nathaniel, 49, 50, 51, 53
execution of, 51, 51n, 55
Touchet, James, 3rd Earl of Castlehaven, 68, 97
Tower of London
O’Neill’s escape from, 1, 34–5
plans to rescue Strafford from, 20, 23, 25–6, 29
imprisonment of royalist agents in, 30–31, 93, 125, 134, 157, 158, 171, 199, 202, 204, 212, 222
imprisonment of Bampfield in, 250
Treason Acts, 119, 124
Trelawney, Jonathan, 143, 164
and involvement in Penruddock’s rising, 191–2, 193, 196
renews involvement in conspiracy, 212, 224, 246
rewards, 248
Trevor, Arthur, Ormond’s intelligence agent in Oxford, 63, 79
Turner, Sir James, 222
Tweeddale, Earl of, see Hay, John
Tynemouth, plans to capture, 181, 189, 210
Ulster, Irish army of
negotiations by O’Neill with, 79, 97–8, 110–11, 127–8, 130
destroyed at Scarrifhollis, 139–40
Underdown, David, 135, 182, 188, 189, 193n
United Provinces, 174, 184, 187, 223
Urry, Sir John, 39n
Uvedale, Sir Walter, 20
Van Dyck, Sir Anthony, 12, 21, 31
Vane, Sir Henry, 11
Venice, Venetian republic, 2, 3, 138, 157, 159
Verney, Sir Edmund, 13
Vienna, 74
Villiers, Edward, colonel, member of Sealed Knot, 173, 180, 188, 189, 225, 234
Villiers, William, 2nd Duke of Buckingham
accompanies Charles II to Scotland
escapes from Worcester and joins court in Paris,
158, 161, 196
patron of Pauldens, 162, 162n, 250
Wagstaffe, Sir Joseph, 191, 193, 196
Waller, Edmund, and ‘Waller’s plot’, 48, 48, 49, 50, 51, 53
confession, 52, 53
Waller, Sir William, 38, 70, 216, 225
Wallingford, 90, 91
Walsingham, Sir Francis, 7, 8, 9, 55, 185, 241
Walter, Lucy, 208
Walters, John, 203
Walters, Robert, major, 164, 189, 193, 195, 196, 210, 229
Washington, Henry, colonel, 82, 89
Waterford, 65, 68, 78, 97, 134
Wentworth, Thomas, Viscount, 1st Earl of Strafford
and Bishops’ Wars, 15
distrusts O’Neill, 16–17
arrest and trial of, 19, 20, 22, 24
plans to rescue, 20, 23, 25, 26, 29
execution of, 27
Wentworth, Thomas, Lord, 156, 158, 178, 217n
West Country, Prince of Wales in, 4, 72
royalist army in, 40, 42
organisation of conspiracy in, 136, 142–3, 151, 152, 153, 211, 212, 224, 229
see also Western Association
Western Association, the ‘Gentlemen of the West’, 142, 143, 151, 191, 224, 240
Western Isles, 2, 60, 67, 69, 96, 187
Weston, John
Weston, Jerome, 2nd Earl of Portland, 42
Wheeler, Mrs, laundress at Carisbrooke, 112, 116, 120, 154
Whetstone, Sir Thomas, 237
Whitley, Sir Roger, colonel, 137–8, 164, 182, 228, 248
Whorwood, Jane, 112–13, 154
Wicquefort, Abraham de, 108
William II, Prince of Orange
marriage, 60
supports Charles II’s Scottish expedition, 147, 152
death of, 153, 159, 238
Williamson, Sir Joseph, 8
Willoughby, Francis, Lord, of Parham
leader of conservative Presbyterians, 94, 108
drawn into conspiracy, 188, 193, 198, 216
arrest of, 229
Willys, Sir Richard, member of Sealed Knot, 180
treachery of, 205, 206, 211, 215, 216, 222
revelation of his treachery, 228–9
personal tragedy of, 206, 250
Wilmot, Henry, Lord, 1st Earl of Rochester
background and character, 15–16
captured at Newburn, 18–19
and army plots, 21, 23, 25, 2t
accompanies Charles II to Scotland, 144
escapes from Worcester, 158
returns to England as a leader of Penruddock’s rising, 189–94
detained but escapes, 195, 196
commands Guards regiment in Flanders, 210
illness and death, 210
Wilson, Thomas, lieutenant governor of Dover Castle, 192, 193
Windebank, Sir Francis, 15, 17, 18
Windsor Castle, 44, 116, 117, 120
Winnington Bridge, battle of, 228, 230
Wood, Anthony á, 90, 113
Wood, Sir Henry, 75, 170
Worcester, 81, 89, 90
Worcester, battle of, 156, 157, 162, 164, 170, 242
Yarmouth, 217, 218
York
English army based in and around, 13, 18, 19, 20, 22, 24, 34
Cochrane’s arrival in, 65–6
plans to seize, 193, 210
death of Carnaby in, 250