by Alex Perry
31 Interview with Christian Lengeler, Basel, June 2009. All quotations from Lengeler in this chapter are from this interview.
CHAPTER 3
1 Interview with Ray Chambers en route from Tanzania to Uganda, August 2009.
2 Ford S. Worthy, “Wes Threatens to Pull Out of Wesray,” Fortune, July 21, 1986, http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/1986/07/21/67874/index.htm; Leslie Brody, Alan Farnham, David Kirkpatrick, Christopher Knowlton, and Patricia Sellers, “Sans Simon, Wesray Cleans Up on Avis,” Fortune, October 26, 1987, http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/1987/10/26/69748/index.htm.
3 Ralph T. King Jr., “Ray of Hope: A Modest Millionaire Quits Business to Help Rebuild Newark, N.J.,” Wall Street Journal, Sept. 30, 1992, A1, http://cim.ou.edu/kingralph.htm.
4 Telephone interview with Suprotik Basu, October 2010. All quotations from Basu in this chapter are from this interview.
5 David D. Kirkpatrick, “Hoop Springs Eternal,” New York Magazine , Feb. 15, 1999, http://nymag.com/nymetro/news/sports/features/993/index3.html
6 Telephone interview with Steven Phillips, November 2010. All quotations from Phillips in this chapter are from this interview.
7 See Alex Perry, Falling Off the Edge: Travels Through the Dark Heart of Globalization (London: Macmillan; New York: Bloomsbury, 2008), where these arguments are explored in full.
8 See United Nations Development Programme, “What Are the Millennium Development Goals?” n.d., http://www.undp.org/mdg/basics.shtml.
9 John Luke Gallup and Jeffrey D. Sachs, “The Economic Burden of Malaria,” CID Working Paper No. 52, Center for International Development, Harvard University, July 2000, http://www.hks.harvard.edu/centers/cid/publications/faculty-working-papers/cid-working-paper-no.-52.
CHAPTER 4
1 “Global Recession Threatens Human Rights of Poorest, Warns UN Rights Chief,” UN News Centre, Feb. 20, 2009, http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=29962&Cr=financial+crisis&Cr1.
2 World Bank, “Global Crisis Prompts Big Rise in World Bank Health and Education Financing: AIDS Drugs Could Be in Short Supply,” News Release 2009/324/HDN, April 24, 2009, http://web.world bank.org/wbsite/external/topics/exteducation/0,,contentmdk:22155700~menuPK:282423~pagePK:64020865~piPK:149114~theSitePK:282386,00.html.
3 “Development Committee Press Conference, Remarks by World Bank President Robert B. Zoellick,” World Bank News and Broadcast, April 26, 2009, http://web.worldbank.org/wbsite/external/news/0,,contentMDK:22157110~pagePK:64257043~piPK:437376~theSitePK:4607,00.html.
4 Dominique Strauss-Kahn, “Changes: Successful Partnerships for Africa’s Growth Challenge,” Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, March 10, 2009, http://www.imf.org/external/np/speeches/2009/031009.htm.
5 Jeremy Clift, “Africa Faces Twin Challenges After Global Crisis,” IMF Survey Magazine, March 4, 2010, http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/survey/so/2010/NEW030410A.htm.
6 “IMF Trims Sub-Saharan Africa’s 2011 Growth Forecast,” Reuters, Oct. 6, 2010, http://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFJOE6950F420101006; “Development Aid Rose in 2009 and Most Donors Will Meet 2010 Aid Targets,” OECD, April 14, 2010, http://www.oecd.org/document/11/0,3343,en_2649_34487_44981579_1_1_1_1,00.html.
7 “Africa Sustains Social Spending Despite Downturn,” IMF Survey Magazine, April 23, 2010, http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/survey/so/2010/CAR042310B.htm.
8 “Transcript of a Press Briefing on the IMF’s Economic Outlook for Sub-Saharan Africa,” Washington, DC, April 23, 2010, http://www.imf.org/external/np/tr/2010/tr042310.htm.
9 Regional Economic Outlook, Sub-Saharan Africa, April 2009, http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/reo/2009/afr/eng/sreo0409.pdf.
10 Jim Lobe and Eli Clifton, “World Bank, NGOs Exhort G20 Not to Forget the Poorest,” Inter Press Service, Sept. 16, 2009, http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=48465.
11 Ibid.
12 Ibid.
13 William Easterly, “The Cartel of Good Intentions: Bureaucracy Versus Markets in Foreign Aid” (Working Paper 4, Center for Global Development, March 2002), 42.
14 Shaohua Chen and Martin Ravallion, “How Have the World’s Poorest Fared Since the Early 1980s?” (World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 3341, Development Research Group, World Bank, June 2004), http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2004/07/22/000112742_20040722172047/Rendered/PDF/wps3341.pdf.
15 Bate Felix, “Global Aid Rose in 2009 but Missed Target: OECD,” Reuters, April 14, 2010, http://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFJOE63D0LL20100414.
16 Alex Perry, “The Cost of Giving,” Time (European edition; cover), Aug. 18, 2008, http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1830201,00.html. See also Alex Perry, “Ethiopia: Pain amid Plenty,” Time, Aug. 6, 2008, http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1829841,00.html; and Alex Perry, “Among the Starving in Ethiopia,” Time, Aug. 6, 2008, http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1829996,00.html.
17 “Global Targets, Local Ingenuity,” Economist, Sept. 23, 2010, www.economist.com/node/17090934.
18 Ibid.; Maureen Lewis, “Governance and Corruption in Public Health Care Systems” (Working Paper Number 78, Center for Global Development, January 2006), http://www.usaid.gov/our_work/democracy_and_governance/technical_areas/anticorruption_handbook/annexes/subannexes/Health/Health1%20-%20Lewis%20-%202006.pdf.
19 Michael Sheridan, “Massive Fraud Hits Tsunami Aid,” Times (London), April 16, 2006, http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/article706115.ece.
20 “Salaries and Post Adjustment,” United Nations, 2003–2011, http://www.un.org/Depts/OHRM/salaries_allowances/salary.htm.
21 Imogen Foulkes, “UN Warns of Refugee Camp Dangers to Children,” BBC News, Sept. 15, 2010, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-11307679.
22 “21st Century Aid: Recognizing Success and Tackling Failure” (Briefing Paper 137, Oxfam, April 28, 2010), http://www.oxfam.org/sites/www.oxfam.org/files/bp137–21st-century-aid-summary.pdf.
23 Nick Wadhams, “Bad Charity? (All I Got Was This Lousy T-Shirt)” Time, May 12, 2010, http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1987628,00.html.
CHAPTER 5
1 “Population,” Lagos State Government, 2011, .http://www.lagosstate.gov.ng/index.php?page=subpage&spid=12&mnu=null.
2 “International Energy Statistics: Petroleum,” Independent Statistics and Analysis, US Energy Information Administration, n.d., http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/cfapps/ipdbproject/IEDIndex3.cfm?tid=5&pid=53&aid=1.
3 “Diamond Facts: Fact 9: Approximately $8.5 Billion Worth of Diamonds a Year Come from African Countries,” The World Diamond Council, n.d., http://www.diamondfacts.org/facts/fact_09.html.
4 Interview with Steven Phillips, Rwanda, June 2009. All quotations from Phillips in this chapter are from this interview.
5 The 92-meter, $100 million Tatoosh and the 127-meter, $200 million Octopus, which carries two helicopters, seven boats, two submarines, a swimming pool, a music studio, a basketball court, and sixty crew.
6 Interview with Steven Knowles, Accra, December 2009. All quotations from Knowles in this chapter are from this interview.
7 “Background and Objectives of LSDI Malaria Control Programme in Maputo Province,” Lubombo Spatial Development Initiative, http://www.malaria.org.za/lsdi/Background/BackgroundMaputo/background.html.
8 The company was renamed after Anglo American consolidated its gold mining interests in 1998.
9 Steven Knowles, “Malaria Control as a Best Practice Corporate Social Responsibility Programme,” AngloGold Ashanti, 3, http://www.afmeurope.org/IMG/pdf/6.SteveKnowles_Paris_presentation_GF.pdf.
10 Telephone interview with Ray Chambers, October 2010.
CHAPTER 6
1 Telephone interview with Christian Lengeler, June 2009. All quotations from Lengeler in this chapter are from this interview.
2 “Doctors Welcome Malaria Microchip,” BBC, April 24, 2009, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/scotland/glasgow_and_west/8015241.stm.
4 “Sex Intervention Combats Malaria,” BBC, Dec. 22, 2009, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/8426798.stm.
5 Interview with Brian Greenwood, Nairobi, November 2009.
6 Telephone interview with anonymous expert, November 2010.
7 Telephone interview with member of White House staff, November 2010.
8 PEPFAR’s funding was expanded to $48 billion in 2008.
9 White House Archives, “President Discusses G8 Summit, Progress in Africa,” June 30, 2005, http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2005/06/20050630.html.
10 Telephone interview with malaria expert, November 2010.
11 Telephone interview with Suprotik Basu, October 2010.
12 Telephone interview with Ray Chambers, November 2010.
13 All quotations from the summit are from “White House Summit on Malaria: A World Where Malaria Is No More,” Kaiser Network, Dec. 14, 2006.
14 Interview with Gabrielle Fitzgerald, Zanzibar, Tanzania, August 2009. All quotations from Fitzgerald in this chapter are from this interview.
15 Email interview with Richard Curtis, March 2007.
16 Email interview with Simon Fuller, November 2010.
17 Matt, “American Idol: Idol Gives Back Results Show Recap—April 25, 2007,” Wild Bluff Media, April 25, 2007, http://www.wildbluffmedia.com/2007/04/25/american-idol-idol-gives-back-results-show-recap.
18 “Bill and Melinda Gates Call for New Global Commitment to Chart a Course for Malaria Eradication,” press release, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Oct. 17, 2007, http://www.gatesfoundation.org/press-releases/Pages/course-for-malaria-eradication-071017–2.aspx.
CHAPTER 7
1 Interview with Margaret Chan, Kampala, Uganda, August 2009.
2 Telephone interview with Ray Chambers, November 2010. All quotations from Chambers in this chapter are from this interview.
3 Telephone interview with Suprotik Basu, October 2010. All quotations from Basu in this chapter are from this interview.
4 “‘Idol Gives Back’ Raises Almost $45 Million for Charity,” Reuters, April 23, 2010, http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE63L0BV20100423.
5 Ban Ki-Moon, “Let’s Get to Work,” Guardian, April 25, 2008, http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2008/apr/25/letsgettowork.
6 Telephone interview with Alan Court, October 2010. All quotations from Court in this chapter are from this interview.
7 Perhaps not altogether surprising. They are produced by drug companies whose business is selling pills.
8 “White House Summit on Malaria: A World Where Malaria Is No More,” Kaiser Network, Dec. 14, 2006, http://www.kaisernetwork.org/health_cast/uploaded_files/121406_whitehouse_malaria_transcript.pdf.
9 “2008 MDG Malaria Summit: World Leaders Commit Record Billions to Tackle Malaria,” Transcript, Office of the UN Secretary-General’s Special Envoy for Malaria, Sept. 25, 2008, http://malariaenvoy.com/MDGSummit/tabid/83/Default.aspx.
CHAPTER 8
1 Telephone interview with Richard Feachem, April 2009.
2 Telephone interview with Scott Case, December 2009.
3 In 2010, the figure would be revised again, to 765 million.
4 Alex Mwita, speaking at a roundtable meeting with Tanzanian health professionals and Chambers, Chan, and Yamada, Amana District Hospital, Dar es Salaam, August 2009.
5 Ray Chambers, meeting, Amana District Hospital, August 2009.
6 Interview with Chambers in Dar es Salaam, August 2009.
7 Excerpt from my notes, meeting, Amana District Hospital, August 2009.
8 Interview with Alan Court, Dar es Salaam, August 2009.
9 A fifth would be turned down in November 2009.
10 Interview with Court, August 2009.
11 Press conference at Entebbe International Airport, August 19, 2009.
12 Chan, meeting at the Uganda National Malaria Control Program offices in Kampala, August 20, 2009.
13 Conversation with Chambers and Court at Bulima, Uganda, August 20, 2009.
14 Roundtable meeting with Quality Chemical Industries and Chambers, Chan, and Yamada, Kampala, August 20, 2009.
15 Conversation with Chambers, Kampala, August 2009.
CHAPTER 9
1 Interviews with Laura Hoemeke, senior development worker, and Eric Munyemana, Kigali, June 2009.
2 Rick Warren, sermon, Saddleback Church, August 2008, http://www.christianpost.com/news/the-seven-pillars-that-make-peace-34006.
3 Interview with Blaise Karibushi, Kigali, June 2009.
4 Interview with Antoine Rutayisire, Kigali, June 2009.
5 Remarks by Dr. Lennie Bazira Kyomuhangi, meeting with Saddleback Church members, Kibuye, June 2009.
6 Warren, sermon, August 2008.
7 Interview with Eric Munyemana, Kibuye, June 2009.
8 Interview with Ray Chambers, Abuja, December 2009.
9 Interview with Tom Woods, Abuja, December 2009. All quotations from Woods in this chapter are from this interview.
10 Remarks by Woods and Onno Rühl, Abuja’s Central Mosque, December 2009.
11 Interview with Chambers, Abuja, December 2009.
12 Interview with Alhaji Muhammad Sa’ad Abubakar, Abuja, December 2009
13 Remarks by Chambers, roundtable breakfast meeting with Nigeria’s malaria community, Abuja, December 2009.
CHAPTER 10
1 All quotations from Suprotik Basu in this chapter are from conversations during our trip to and travels in Kenya, December 2009.
2 All quotations in this section are from the meeting at the Kenyan Health Ministry, Nairobi, December 2009.
CHAPTER 11
1 Interview with Marcel Tanner, Ifakara Health Institute, Tanzania, August 2009. All quotations from Tanner in this chapter are from this interview.
2 Telephone interview with Alan Court, December 2010. All quotations from Court in this chapter are from this interview.
3 Telephone interview with Suprotik Basu, December 2010. All quotations from Basu in this chapter are from this interview.
4 Telephone interview with Patrick Mullen, December 2010. All quotations from Mullen in this chapter are from this interview.
5 Interview with Dr. Benjamin Atua Matindii, Kinshasa, June 2009.
CHAPTER 12
1 Interview with Marcel Tanner, Ifakara Health Institute, Tanzania, August 2009.
2 Andy Murray, email communication with the author, October 1, 2010.
3 Telephone interviews with Sarah Kline, October 2010 and January 2011. All quotations from Kline in this chapter are from these interviews.
4 Alan Court, email communication with the author, February 2011.
5 Interview with Ray Chambers, August 2009.
CHAPTER 13
1 Interviews with Brian Greenwood, Nairobi, December 2009.
2 Interview with Marcel Tanner, Ifakara Health Institute, August 2009.
3 Telephone interview with Suprotik Basu, October 2010. All quotations from Basu in this chapter are from this interview.
4 Regional Economic Outlook: Sub-Saharan Africa: Resilience and Risks (Washington, DC: International Monetary Fund, 2010), 1, http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/reo/2010/AFR/eng/pdf/sreo1010.pdf.
5 Regional Economic Outlook: Sub-Saharan Africa (Washington, DC: International Monetary Fund, 2008), 27.
6 Paul Collier and Witney Schneidman, “Sustaining Growth Will Challenge Govts,” allAfrica.com, Feb. 20, 2009, http://allafrica.com/stories/200902200088.html.
7 Telephone interview with Stephen Hayes, February 2009.
8 Telephone interview with Dambisa Moyo, February 2009.
9 Interview with Mulugeta Aserate Kassa, Addis Ababa, August 2007.
10 Telephone interview with Andrew Rugasira, February 2009.
11 A series of studies by, variously, the London Business School, the World Bank, and the con
sultant Deloitte’s found that for every extra ten mobile phones per hundred people in a developing country, GDP rose 0.6–1.2 percent. Phones that offered mobile banking would be expected to raise that further, though studies are yet to be carried out.
12 “Coping with Today’s Global Challenges in the Context of the Strategy of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification,” High Level Dialogue, UNCCD, May 27, 2008, http://www.cn5195.com/english/Page.asp?Language=Gb2312&ID=3131.
13 Telephone interview with Chris Reij, April 2009. All quotations from Reij in this chapter are from this interview.
14 Telephone interview with Ray Chambers, November 2010. All quotations from Chambers in this chapter are from this interview.
15 According to Basu, interview, October 2010.
CHAPTER 14
1 World Health Organization, “Summary,” in World Malaria Report 2010, xv, http://www.who.int/malaria/world_malaria_report_2010/en/.
2 Ibid., xi.
3 Regional Economic Outlook: Sub-Saharan Africa: Resilience and Risks (Washington, DC: International Monetary Fund, 2010), 72, http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/reo/2010/AFR/eng/pdf/sreo1010.pdf.
4 Telephone interview with Tony Blair, February 2009.
5 Interview with Margaret Chan, Kampala, Uganda, August 2009.
6 “Remarks by Dr. Rajiv Shah,” Center for Global Development, USAID, Washington, DC, Jan. 19, 2011, http://www.usaid.gov/press/speeches/2011/sp110119.html.
7 Daniel Martin, “Britain Cuts Aid to China and Russia After Inquiry Rules They Are No Longer Poor . . . but We’re Still Giving India £280m,” Daily Mail, Feb. 28, 2011, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1361165/Britain-cuts-aid-China-Russia-giving-India-280m.html.
8 Gabrielle Fitzgerald at the Gates Foundation called the Methodist move “a revival. Before they had missionaries across Africa. Now they’re rededicating their church to rediscovering their roots, and the founding principles of John Wesley, and they have a seat at the table at the Global Fund” (interview with Gabrielle Fitzgerald, Zanzibar, Tanzania, August 2009).
