Epilogue
“It belongs to a Savama-DCI family”: Haidara interview.
“the first pragmatic step”: Brady interview.
“The dampness and the rain”: Haidara interview.
“Some of the terrorists have gone back there”: Author interview with anonymous French colonel, Kidal, February 3, 2014.
“Nobody is in control here”: Author interview with Mohamed Diare, U.N. minister of economy and finance of Guinea, Kidal, Mali, February 3, 2014.
“Iyad is not finished”: Ansar interview.
“I don’t think the jihadis”: Barrera interview.
“When we were in Timbuktu”: Haidara interview.
“When I was young”: Haidara interview.
“I send money to Timbuktu”: Haidara interview.
“Each time the scribe commenced”: Haidara interview.
“Notice how many times”: Haidara interview.
Index
A note about the index: The pages referenced in this index refer to the page numbers in the print edition. Clicking on a page number will take you to the ebook location that corresponds to the beginning of that page in the print edition. For a comprehensive list of locations of any word or phrase, use your reading system’s search function.
Abd Al Wahhab, Muhammad, 67, 165–66
Abou Zeid, Abdelhamid, 77–81
and advances on Bamako, 196, 201
AQIM and, 77, 101–5, 110, 123, 141, 150–51, 176, 206–7, 216, 227
and battle of the Ametettaï, 220, 222–24, 227
Belmokhtar and, 104, 153, 216
capture of, 196
death of, 227, 232
draconian punishments and, 170–71
El Para and, 79–81, 96
Ghali and, 88, 141, 152, 191
Haidara’s nephew’s arrests and, 174, 185–86
kidnappings and, 80–81, 96, 102–5, 110, 140, 176–77, 208, 217, 227
Mawloud festival and, 202
and occupation of Timbuktu, 139–45, 150–53, 163, 170, 174–77, 185–86, 188–89, 202, 206–7, 222, 227
physical appearance of, 140–41, 150–51, 176
rescuing manuscripts and, 174–75, 185–86
retreat of, 201, 208, 210, 212–13, 220
smuggling of, 78–79
war council of, 188–89
women’s protests and, 176–77
Zakak meeting and, 123
abu Bakr Al Wangari, Mohammed, 61–62
Abu Es Haq Al Zaheli, 95
Abu Mohammed Al Maqdisi, 74
Abu Musab Al Zarqawi, 74, 99–100
Abu Qatada, 74, 104–5
Adrar des Ifoghas massif, 81, 87, 97, 110, 123, 218–19, 234
Advising Men on Sexual Engagement with Their Women, 20
Afghanistan, 71–74, 91, 97, 99, 101, 103–5, 112, 153, 218, 222
Africans, Africa:
Gates’s documentary series on, 52–54
long accepted truth about, 51–52
Aga Khan, 119
Aguelhok massacre, 131–32
Ahmed Baba Al Massufi Al Timbukti, 22–26, 35, 242
capture of, 10, 25–26, 41
Haidara’s prospecting work and, 41, 46
loss of manuscripts of, 25–26
Ahmed Baba Answers a Moroccan’s Questions About Slavery, 23
Ahmed Baba As Sudani, 62
Ahmed Baba Institute of Higher Learning and Islamic Research, 7–11
conservation work of, 37, 63–64, 154
destruction of manuscripts at, 209–10, 220
finances of, 10, 63, 154
Gates’s documentary and, 52–53
Haidara’s father’s manuscript collection and, 7–8, 10, 49
manuscript prospecting and, 10–11, 30–48, 117, 174–75
and occupation of Timbuktu, 174–75, 209, 211
physical appearance of, 9, 66, 210
rescuing manuscripts and, 174–75
Wald and, 95
Zouber and, 9–11, 30–31, 42
Albarn, Damon, 128
Algeria, 5, 13, 24, 73–80, 107, 120, 123, 125, 152–53, 171, 212–13, 220, 224, 237
Abou Zeid and, 77–80, 102
AQIM and, 100–103, 109–10
Belmokhtar and, 74–76, 102
civil war in, 71, 74–77, 101, 217
Haidara’s prospecting work and, 37, 46
kidnappings and, 80, 96, 99, 215–16
and occupation of Timbuktu, 138–39, 141
Wald and, 90, 95
and war in Mali, 226–27
Alhousseyni, Abdallah Ag, 87
Ali, Azima, 68
Ali, Imam, 166
Al Jazeera, 103, 110, 186
Al Qaeda, Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM), 71–75, 99–105, 112, 133, 172
and Abou Zeid, 77, 101–5, 110, 123, 141, 150–51, 176, 206–7, 216, 227
and Aguelhok massacre, 132
and Belmokhtar, 73–75, 77, 90, 101–5, 110, 122–23, 149, 153, 216–17
and draconian punishments, 171
and drug trafficking, 105, 110–11, 140
and Festival in the Desert, 129
and Festival on the Niger, 236
finances of, 101–2, 104–5
and Ghali, 123–24
growth of, 109, 111
and Huddleston, 107, 109–10
and international intervention and war, 187–88, 194, 196, 206–7, 213, 226–27, 237–38
and kidnappings, 102–5, 110–11, 127, 129–30, 140, 194, 216, 232–33
Konna military operations of, 190, 196
leadership and command structure of, 100–101
Mali and, 2, 73, 77, 101–3, 105, 107–8, 110–11, 123
manuscripts destroyed by, 209, 220
and Mawloud festival, 203
and occupation of Timbuktu, 2, 140–41, 145, 147–48, 159, 170, 174, 176, 185–86, 188, 209–10, 216, 235–36
relations between Tuaregs and, 123–25
and rescuing manuscripts, 1–2, 162, 174, 230
retreat of, 220
and terrorism, 2, 100–101, 105, 109–10, 213
and threats to manuscripts, 155–56, 198
and unrest in Kidal, 234
and Zakak meeting, 123–24
Ametettaï Valley, battle of the, 219–27
Amnesty International, 75
Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, 51, 54–56, 231
Annabi, Abdu Oubeida Al, 101
Ansar, Mohammed “Manny”:
Bono and, 129–31
and Festival in the Desert, 85, 87, 128–30, 188
and Festival on the Niger, 234–36
Ghali and, 84–87, 112–14, 128, 237
Ansar Dine, 123, 170, 213
and occupation of Timbuktu, 145, 150, 165, 186, 238
and war on musicians, 168
Arab Spring, 133
Araouan, 6, 23, 35–36
Arby, Khaira, 235–36
Aristide, Jean-Paul, 92
Armed Islamic Group of Algeria (GIA), 74–77, 79, 101, 216–17
Askia Ishak II, King of the Songhai Empire, 25
Askia Mohammed I, King of the Songhai Empire, 13, 16, 24–25, 62, 153, 212
Assad, Bashar Al, 72
Associated Press, 216
astronomy, 17, 19, 28, 53, 62, 66
Ahmed Baba on, 23
manuscript exhibits and, 61
Atlantic Monthly, The, 112–13
Australia, 127, 237
Avicenna, 18
Azzam, Abdullah Yusuf, 73, 112
Bakkay Al Kounti, Ahmed Al, 46, 66
Bamako, 4, 27, 31, 38, 42, 102, 106, 108, 120, 127–28, 156–57, 162–63, 191–94, 200–201
Ansar and, 128, 130
and Festival in the Desert, 131
Gates’s documentary and, 52
Ghali and, 84, 86, 113
growth of, 240
Haidara’s home in, 163, 173, 185, 219, 229, 239
Haidara’s personal life and, 48, 118
&
nbsp; Hammer’s trips to, 57–59, 68, 169, 212–14, 229–30, 233–34, 239–40
Huddleston and, 92
and international intervention and war, 194, 196, 198, 218–19
kidnappings and, 88
Malian insurgency and, 136–37
Mamma Haidara Library and, 49
manuscripts relocated to, 240–42
Mawloud festival in, 213
and occupation of Timbuktu, 137, 147, 175, 179, 185, 235
rebel advances on, 191, 193–94, 196, 198, 201
rescuing manuscripts and, 2, 180–81, 183–84, 201, 205–6, 214, 229–32, 242
Wald and, 91, 93
Bamba, 5–6, 8, 34, 48, 60, 240
Barrera, Bernard, 218–21, 224–26, 238
Barth, Heinrich, 27, 66
Bebao, Muhamen, 168–69
Bella Farandja, 42, 59, 138, 154, 159
Belmokhtar, Mokhtar, 73–78, 88–90, 112
Abou Zeid and, 104, 153, 216
Algerian civil war and, 74–75, 77
AQIM and, 73–75, 77, 90, 101–5, 110, 122–23, 149, 153, 216–17
desert training of, 93–94
draconian punishments and, 171–72
drug trafficking of, 105
El Para and, 96
Ghali and, 88
Hamaha and, 172, 188, 232
Huddleston and, 92, 95–97
kidnappings and, 88, 96, 102–5, 216–17
in Libya, 122, 237
and occupation of Gao, 149, 152–53, 172, 216
and occupation of Timbuktu, 139, 144, 188–89
physical appearance of, 74, 103–4, 153, 216
rebuke of, 216–17
retreat of, 216, 220, 227
smuggling of, 76–77, 92, 216
Wald and, 73, 90, 93, 95
war council of, 188–89
Zakak meeting and, 123
Ben Ali, Zine El Abidine, 119
Ber, Hammer’s visit to, 64–65
Berlusconi, Silvio, 103
Bibliothèque Fondo Kati, 63
bin Laden, Osama, 68, 72–75, 77, 80, 100, 112, 119, 133, 153
bin Naif, Prince Mohammed, 112
Boilley, Pierre, 83
Boko Haram, 124, 153, 188
Bonnier, Etienne, 223, 235
Bono, 129–31, 148
Bouteflika, Abdelaziz, 75
Brady, Emily:
background of, 155–56
cataloguing manuscripts and, 231
Haidara and, 156–57, 178, 180, 185, 192–93, 205–6, 231
and occupation of Timbuktu, 156–57, 178, 180
rescuing manuscripts and, 161, 178, 180–81, 192–93, 199, 205–6, 211, 231–32
Brown, Gordon, 105
Burkina Faso, 31
digitizing manuscripts and, 135
Haidara’s prospecting work and, 38, 42–43, 45–46
and occupation of Timbuktu, 147
and peacekeeping in Mali, 233
Bush, George W., 71, 120
Cairo, 6, 9–10, 13, 15–17, 24, 63, 241
calligraphy, 2, 17, 21–22, 160
manuscript evaluation and, 37–38
Canada, 102–4, 216
Caroline, Princess of Monaco, 128
Chad, 6, 82, 96, 106, 220–21, 224–25, 227
Charles V, King of France, 15
Chirac, Jacques, 120, 206–7
Chirfi Alpha, Sane, 155, 164–65
Christians, 13, 46, 63, 103
Clinton, Hillary, 187
Colombia, 105–6
Commercial Bank of Mali, 146, 176, 181
Condé Nast Traveler, 128–29
Côte d’Ivoire, 26, 31, 147, 194–96, 222
Cresques, Abraham, 15
Dacko, Didier, 107
Delory, Vincent, 194
Dicko, Mohamed Gallah, 64
Djenné, 63–64, 196
Great Mud Mosque of, 18, 26, 52, 64, 182, 184, 190, 239
rescuing manuscripts and, 201, 204, 206
Djingareyber, 42, 144, 185, 202
Djingareyber Mosque, 15, 53, 69, 95, 165, 202
Droukdel, Abdelmalek, 99–101, 109, 171
Dubai, 60, 115, 180
Dubois, Félix, 27–28, 67
on Niger River, 33, 200, 204–5
Dyer, Edwin, 104–5, 111
Egypt, 6, 13, 24, 28, 30, 44, 49, 76, 84–85, 95, 119, 242
El Para (Amari Saifi), 79–81
Ghali and, 81, 87–88
Huddleston and, 95
kidnappings and, 80–81, 87–88, 95–96, 100
pursuit and capture of, 96, 107
Equatorial Guinea, 105
Essakane, 57–58, 85, 128, 188, 236–37
Faidherbe, Louis, 27
Fatimah’s Hand, 43
Festival in the Desert, 57–58, 113, 128–31, 188, 234, 236–37
and Ghali, 85, 87, 128
security for, 129–31
Festival on the Niger, 113–14, 234–36, 239
Fez, 12–13, 61, 63
Fisk, Robert, 75
Ford Foundation, 55, 60, 62, 66, 157, 240
Fowler, Robert, 103–4
France, 67, 83, 120, 125
Aguelhok massacre and, 132
Algeria and, 75, 77, 79–80
AQIM and, 100, 103, 109–10
Belmokhtar and, 89–90
in colonial period, 4–7, 11, 27–28, 30, 33, 38, 58, 77, 97, 194, 214, 224, 226, 235
Ghali and, 86
intervention and war in Mali of, 90, 194–200, 202, 204, 206–7, 213–27, 229, 232–34, 237–39
kidnappings and, 100, 103, 110, 127, 130, 152, 194, 215, 227, 232–33
manuscript thefts and, 28
and occupation of Konna, 195
and occupation of Timbuktu, 148, 187
and rebel advances on Bamako, 193–94, 196, 198
rescuing manuscripts and, 204
as threat to manuscripts, 198, 204
Freston, Tom, 128–29
Gao, 6, 10, 15–16, 24, 62–64, 106, 144, 201
draconian punishments in, 169–72
drug trafficking in, 149
Haidara’s prospecting work and, 34–35, 41, 43, 45–47
and international intervention and war, 198–99, 225, 232
Islamic Police in, 149–50, 169
kidnappings and, 105
Konna military operations and, 190–91
liberation of, 217–18
libraries in, 62–63
Malian insurgency and, 133
rebel occupation of, 148–50, 152–53, 167, 169–72, 216
Shariah Court in, 170
violence and looting in, 167
Gates, Henry Louis “Skip,” 51–56
African documentary series of, 52–54
background of, 51
Mamma Haidara Library and, 54–56, 231
Gerda Henkel Foundation, 60, 231
Germaneau, Michel, 103, 110, 227
Germany, 27, 59–60, 66, 70–71
cataloguing manuscripts and, 231
Ghali and, 87–88
kidnappings and, 80–81, 87–88, 127, 140
Wald and, 93–94
Ghali, Iyad Ag, 81–88, 96–98, 111–14, 122–25, 131–33, 187, 213, 218, 236
Abou Zeid and, 88, 141, 152, 191
Aguelhok massacre and, 131–32
Ansar and, 84–87, 112–14, 128, 237
AQIM and, 123–24
army of, see Ansar Dine
childhood of, 81–82, 87
draconian punishments and, 170–71
and Festival in the Desert, 85, 87, 128
finances of, 123
Huddleston and, 96–98
Islam and, 85–88, 96–97, 112–14, 122–24, 143, 238
kidnappings and, 88, 111, 131–32, 233, 237
and occupation of Konna, 191–92, 195
and occupation of Timbuktu, 138–39, 141–44, 152, 163, 165, 188–89, 238
physical appearance of, 86, 97, 114, 122, 141
retreat of,
201–2, 207–8, 210, 220, 227
songs of, 82–84, 113–14
war council of, 188–89
war on musicians of, 168
Zakak meeting and, 123–24
Ghana, 14–15, 26, 30–31, 76
Gharyani, Abdelrahman Al, 179
Gossi, 43
Gourma Rharous, 32–34, 38–40, 46
Granada, 12, 22, 63
Great Britain, 6, 29, 31, 60, 97–98, 100, 222
kidnappings and, 104–5, 111, 126–30, 140, 152
Guardian, The, 238
Guinea, 5, 15, 31, 76, 233–34
Gwin, Peter, 118–19
Habib, Ibrahim Ag, 84–85, 113–14, 237
Habré, Hassan, 82
Hadith, 16–17, 23, 61–62, 166, 173
Ghali and, 86
Mawloud festival and, 203
and occupation of Timbuktu, 148
Haidara, Abdel Kader, 1–11, 30–51, 57–66, 95, 115–20, 154–63, 172, 178–82, 197–201, 210–14, 217, 233, 239–42
arrest of, 1
Bamako home of, 163, 173, 185, 219, 229, 239
Brady and, 156–57, 178, 180, 185, 192–93, 205–6, 231
cataloguing manuscripts and, 231
childhood and adolescence of, 3–5, 8–9, 50, 58, 117, 157, 239
children of, 59, 138, 161, 163, 185, 239
and destruction of manuscripts, 211
education and studiousness of, 4, 8–9
father of, 3–10, 30, 32–33, 44, 48–49, 157, 160
finances of, 32–33, 36–40, 42, 44–45, 47, 50, 54, 60–61, 117–18, 157, 205–6, 211, 239–40
Gates’s documentary and, 53–54
honors and awards of, 60, 116
illnesses and injuries of, 43, 46–47
international and domestic profile of, 116–19
and international intervention and war, 197, 219, 239
Libyan manuscript acquisition attempts and, 49–51
Libyan revolution and, 120
Malian insurgency and, 135–38
Mamma Haidara Library and, 49, 53–55, 115–16
manuscript collection of, 159–60, 185, 230
manuscript evaluation and, 37–38
manuscript prospecting of, 11, 30–48, 117–18, 174–75
mother of, 8–9
negotiating skills of, 37, 39–40, 44–46, 118, 205
nephew’s arrests and, 173, 185–86, 188
and occupation of Timbuktu, 137–38, 142, 144, 154–55, 157, 163, 174–75, 185, 212
personal life of, 42, 46, 48, 59, 117–18, 136, 138, 239
physical appearance of, 32, 44–45, 59, 116
property owned by, 42
and relocation of manuscripts to Bamako, 240–42
rescuing manuscripts and, 1–2, 157–63, 174–75, 178, 180–82, 184–85, 189, 192–93, 198–201, 205–6, 211–12, 214, 226, 229–31, 242
restoring manuscripts and, 115–16
and returning manuscripts to Timbuktu, 219, 226, 231, 240, 242
The Bad-Ass Librarians of Timbuktu Page 26
