Field Marshal: The Life and Death of Erwin Rommel
Page 72
The Avalon Project, http://avalon.law.yale.edu/
INDEX
(Officers are listed according to their highest rank attained by war’s end or time of their death.)
Abwehr (German Intelligence Service), 290, 445, 464
Afrika Korps, 20, 178, 186, 187, 188–189, 193, 194, 195, 196, 200, 203, 205, 209, 210, 211–212, 213, 214–215, 216, 217, 222, 224, 232, 235, 237, 246, 248, 286, 291, 306, 309, 311, 335–336, 338, 341, 343, 346, 349–350, 371, 375, 381, 389, 394, 396, 417, 424, 427, 428, 435, 438, 456, 552; attempts to take Tobruk, 219–220, 221, 226–230, 231, 242–243, 256, 257; in Battleaxe, 264–268, 269–270, 271, 274; in Brevity, 250–252, 254, 257, 262, 264, 268, 281; in Crusader, 294, 296, 298–299, 301, 302, 304; at El Alamein, 352, 359, 360–361, 372, 375, 384, 385; at Gazala, 324–328, 329–330, 331, 332–333; 3rd Reconnaissance Battalion, 179, 194, 204, 213, 247, 254, 431; 5th Panzer Regiment, 188, 192, 203, 205, 206–207, 209, 211, 227, 228, 230, 246, 262, 264, 267, 301; 5th Light Division, 179, 188, 189, 192, 193, 195, 197, 203, 206, 211, 220, 237, 243, 266, 269–270, 271; 8th Machine Gun Battalion, 189, 205, 207, 228, 229, 230, 232; 8th Panzer Regiment, 250, 254, 266; 15th Panzer Division, 196, 199, 220, 223, 237, 243, 255, 262, 266, 269, 270, 271, 295, 298–299, 301, 325, 331, 335, 360–361, 375, 379, 418, 420, 430, 437; 21st Panzer Division, 291, 293, 295, 296, 298, 299, 301, 305, 311, 324, 330, 331, 335, 343, 349, 360, 375, 377, 378, 379, 388, 393, 423, 427–428, 430–431, 437; 90th Light Division, 283, 296, 298, 299, 311, 324, 326, 331, 333, 343, 344, 349, 360, 375 379, 387, 391; 164th Light Division, 354, 359, 378, 437; Ramcke Brigade, 354
Agedabia, 196, 197–198, 203, 205, 304, 306, 311
Alam Halfa, 362, 372, 373, 375, 456 Battle of, 349–350
Alarich, Operation, 442, 443, 445–446
Albania, 185–186
Albrecht, Dr., 539
Aldinger, Capt. Herman, 287, 533, 540, 542–543, 544, 546
Alexandria, 17, 199, 211, 222, 234, 238, 263, 271, 281, 287, 310, 340, 341, 345, 346, 347, 348, 351, 359
Algeria, 188, 390, 407, 420, 428, 430
Algiers, 390, 391, 402, 406, 407
Ambrosio, Marshal Vittorio, 438
American army—see United States Army Amiens, 163, 226
Ardennes Forest, 44, 149, 150, 154
Ardennes Offensive, 534
von Arnim, Gen. Hans-Jürgen, 413, 422, 423, 427, 428, 429–430, 434, 435, 438, 439, 440, 441
Argonne Forest, 47, 48, 50, 52, 469
Arras, 163, 164–166, 167, 231, 247
Atlantic Wall, 452, 453–454, 455, 459, 464, 468, 470, 471, 511; conception of, 452–453; construction accelerated by Rommel, 455, 456–457, 459, 461, 469–470; deficiencies of, 452, 459, 461; initial construction of, 453, 455, 469
Auchinleck, Fld. M Claude, 278–280, 281, 284, 291, 294, 314, 339, 343, 344, 354, 359, 361, 369, 372, 554; and Battle of Gazala, 324, 330, 332, 335; and Crusader, 294–295, 300, 303; difficulties with Churchill, 322–323, 354–355, 370; and First Battle of El Alamein, 343, 348–349, 351, 352, 354; opinion of Rommel, 371; relieved by Montgomery, 355, 370; supercedes Wavell, 227
Australian forces, 182, 183, 220, 221. 225, 226, 227, 229, 230–231, 232, 242m 244–245, 246, 257, 264, 287, 309, 354, 390; 6th Australian Division, 186, 198; 7th Australian Division, 219; 9th Australian Division, 219, 287, 352; 18th Infantry Brigade, 225; 20th Infantry Brigade, 225, 226; 24th Infantry Brigade, 225; 26th Infantry Brigade, 225, 351
Austria, 22, 23, 24, 136, 137, 140, 144, 441, 445, 507
Austria-Hungary, 34, 38, 39, 52, 65, 127, 140, 225
Austro-Hungarian Army, 39, 67, 68, 73, 80; Fourteenth Army, 66–67
Avalanche, Operation, 455
Avesnes, 161
Bach, Capt. Wilhelm Georg, 254–256, 266, 268, 274, 287, 306
Balbo, Marshal Italo, 181
Barbarossa, Fall, 189, 241, 244, 272, 284, 552
Bardia, 182, 221, 236, 237, 256, 266, 289, 294, 297, 306
Bastico, Marshal Ettore, 288, 292, 312, 313, 414–415, 419–420, 424, 425, 426–427
Battleaxe, Operation, 250, 264–268, 269–270, 271, 272, 274, 277, 280, 282, 284, 286, 289, 293, 432
Bavaria, Kingdom of, 24, 91
Bavarian Army, 51, 53, 69–70, 72, 91; 18th Life Guards, 68, 72
Bayerlein, Lt. Gen. Fritz, 296, 299, 327, 442, 489, 519, 520; as Afrika Korps chief of staff, 296, 299; as commander of Panzer Lehr, 488–489; as Rommel’s chief of staff, 316, 351, 422, 435
Beda Fomm, 183
Berndt, Lt. Alfred, 239–240, 275, 283, 318, 357, 387, 388, 391, 402, 403, 423, 425, 432, 545
Benghazi, 181, 183, 196–197, 198, 200, 204, 205, 207, 212, 222, 265, 303, 305, 311, 312, 315, 321, 345, 366, 377
Beobachtungsdiest (B-dienst), 310
Berchtesgaden, 491, 495, 498. 499. 500, 514
Beresford-Peirse, Gen. Noel, 265, 265–266, 269, 271
Bir el Gubi, 294, 295, 296, 326
Bir Hakim, 315, 322, 324, 325, 331
von Bismarck, Gen. Georg, 158, 360
von Bismarck, Prince Otto, 22, 24, 120, 127, 129
Bittrich, SS- ObGrf. Wilhelm, 520
Bizerte, 406, 407, 412, 413, 421, 436
Bleid, 44–46, 47
von Blomberg, Gen. Werner, 124
Bodyguard, Operation, 462, 476
Bonaparte, Napoleon, 18, 23, 60, 126, 181, 195, 263, 316, 345, 346, 409, 551
Bormann, Martin, 146, 151, 537
von Bothmer, Major Count Felix, 69
von Brauchitsch, Fld. M. Marshal Walter, 178, 187, 193, 194, 196, 206, 258, 260, 276, 295
Brevity, Operation, 249, 250–252, 254, 257, 262, 264, 268, 281
British Army, 17, 38, 41, 149, 164, 183, 184, 231, 235, 247, 278, 322, 344, 348, 370, 565n; First Army, 412, 432; 1st Armoured Brigade, 198; 1st Armoured Division, 311, 322, 325–326, 348, 350, 379, 388–389; 2nd Armoured Brigade, 331, 352; 2nd Armoured Division, 194, 195; 3rd Armoured Brigade, 209, 221, 225, 294, 296, 326; 4th Antiaircraft Brigade, 334; 4th Armoured Brigade, 265, 269, 270, 325, 331, 361, 437; 7th Armoured Brigade, 250, 251, 252, 265, 296; 7th Armoured Division, 183, 263, 267, 269, 270, 271, 274, 294–295, 296, 298–299, 322, 325, 326, 348, 359, 375, 379, 388–389, 437; 7th Motor Brigade, 325; 8th Kings Irish Hussars, 193; 8th Armoured Brigade, 359, 361; Eighth Army, 292–293, 294, 295, 300 passim, 311, 319, 322–323, 324, 328, 331, 332, 334, 337, 338–339, 343, 346, 348, 351, 353–355, 359, 364–365, 366, 368, 370–372, 376, 377, 380, 389, 390, 391, 394, 403, 405, 407, 411–412, 415, 417, 418, 420, 422, 423, 425, 434, 437–438, 446, 456, 572n; XIII Corps, 195, 196, 263–265, 268, 269, 292, 293, 294, 297, 300, 334, 348, 349, 350; 10th Armoured Division, 379; 10th Hussars, 328; 21st Army Group, 463; 22nd Armoured Brigade, 259, 296, 306, 332, 352, 359; 22nd Guards Brigade, 263, 270; 23rd Armoured Brigade, 259, 359; 26th Armoured Brigade, 432; 27th Armoured Brigade, 485; XXX Corps, 293, 294, 300, 301, 348; 32nd Tank Brigade, 334; 50th Division, 322, 333, 334, 343, 344; 51st Highland Division, 147, 175, 437; 70th Division, 287, 293, 297, 298; 150th Brigade, 327, 329, 330, 332; 201st Guards Brigade, 334; Western Desert Force, 182, 185, 191, 195, 198, 200, 207, 209, 210, 211, 213, 217, 226, 246, 263, 311; British Expeditionary Force (B.E.F.)—First World War, 35, 36–37, 47; British Expeditionary Force—Second World War, 164, 166, 170–171, 174, 369; Long Range Desert Group, 421; Special Air Service (S.A.S.), 367, 421; Special Boat Service (S.B.S.), 367; Special Operations Executive (S.O.E.), 235, 366, 453; Commandos, 367
Brooke, Gen. Sir Alan, 30, 218, 354–355, 369, 370, 372, 412
Brownshirts—see Sturmabteilung
Brusilov Offensive, 39, 40, 52
Buerat, 404, 411, 414, 418, 419, 420, 421, 423
Bülowius, Maj. Gen. Karl, 417–418, 572n
Burgdorf, Gen. Wilhelm, 539, 540–541, 542, 543
Caen, 481, 484, 485, 488, 489, 490, 492, 496, 497, 499, 503
Caesar, Julius, 18, 124, 129, 551
Cairo, 182, 199, 200, 211, 214, 219, 221, 223, 224, 226, 249, 279, 309, 310, 332, 340–341, 342, 343, 552
Canaris, Wi
lhelm, 445
Caporetto, Battle of (Twelfth Battle of the Isonzo), 67, 77, 80–81
Cavallero, Gen. Ugo, 258, 289, 305, 312, 340, 341, 355, 390, 394–395, 403, 422, 427, 438, 495; difficulties with Rommel, 206, 305, 312–313, 372–373, 419, 424–425,
Chamberlain, Neville, 135, 140, 141, 143, 145, 164
Channel Ports, 164, 166, 170, 496
Chemin des Dames, 39, 43
Cherbourg, 174, 176, 463
Churchill, Winston, 34, 151, 186, 199, 211, 218, 235, 263, 272, 280, 284, 314, 318, 337, 339, 366, 372, 507, 522; attitude toward British generals, 277, 355; determination to defeat Rommel in North Africa, 218; and Italian offer of surrender, 446; as Prime Minister, 164, 171, 185, 337, 446; relationship with Auchinlek, 279–280, 322–323, 354, 370; relationship with Wavell, 184–185, 250, 263, 277
Clifton, Brig. George, 344
Communists, 90, 92, 108, 115, 116, 447
Compass, Operation, 182–183, 184, 185, 196, 208, 210, 220, 256, 263
Crete, 210, 262, 319, 342, 444
Crusader, Operation, 293–301, 302–304
Crüwell, Gen. Ludwig, 283, 295–296, 296–297, 298, 299, 300, 302, 305–306, 320, 326–327, 329, 352
Cunningham, Lt. Gen. Alan, 292–293, 300
Cyrenaica, 183, 192, 196
Czechoslovakia, 127, 140–141, 143, 144
D–Day, 481, 484, 485, 493, 526
Daladier, Edouard, 135, 140, 141, 143, 145, 164
Daniel, Ofw. (Rommel’s driver), 479, 503, 505
Danzig, 30, 31, 32, 56, 65, 143, 145, 234
De Giorgis, Maj. Gen. Fedele, 306
Desert Air Force—see Royal Air Force
Dietrich, SS-ObGrf. Sepp, 500, 504, 519, 520
Dill, Fld. M. Sir John, 369
Dollmann, Lt. Gen. Friedrich, 475, 481
Dual Monarchy—see Austria-Hungary
Dunkirk, 171, 369, 397
Dynamo, Operation, 171
Eberbach, Gen. Heinrich, 520–521
Ebert, Friederich, 85, 90, 93, 94, 109, 115
Einsatzgruppen (SS task forces, i.e. death squads), 127, 147, 474, 515, 555, 556n
Eisenhower, Gen. Dwight, 19, 420, 421, 427, 441, 451
El Adem, 227, 230, 231, 233, 324, 325, 326
El Agheila, 17, 179, 183, 188, 189, 192, 193 passim, 217, 234, 257, 304 passim, 312, 369, 492
El Alamein, .20, 307, 339, 347–348, 352, 359, 360–361, 365, 369, 372, 375, 393, 403, 415, 456, 492, 552
First Battle of, 360–361, 362
Second Battle of, 359, 375–376, 377–380, 384–385, 388–389
Endlösung (Final Solution), 127, 476, 555,
Enigma (German ciphering system), 199, 248, 249
Faid Pass, 427, 428
Fahneneid—see Hitler, Adolf, oath of loyalty to
Farny, Oskar, 539
Fellers, Col. Bonner, 309–310, 570n
Fiesler Storch, 207, 208, 328
First United States Army Group (F.U.S.A.G.)—see Fortitude South
First World War (the Great War), 28, 30, 35, 42, 81, 86, 92, 101, 106, 118, 120, 140, 148, 163, 168, 248, 355; overview, 36–43
Flaschenmarsch, 172
Fort Capuzzo, 182, 221, 224, 239, 250, 251–252, 256, 264, 265, 266, 268, 269–270, 297, 298
Fortune, Maj. Gen. Victor, 175
Fortitude, Operation, 462; Fortitude North, 462; Fortitude South, 462–463; and F.U.S.A.G., 463, 475
Franz Ferdinand, Archduke, 34
Franz Josef, Emperor, 39
Freikorps, 86, 90, 91, 92, 93, 97, 101, 116. 120
Freisler, Roland, 115, 529–530, 532, 538
French Army, 135, 148–149, 150, 158, 159, 161, 164, 167, 171; Grande Quartier Generale, 44; XIX Corps, 427; First Army, 159, 164; Seventh Army, 35; Ninth Army, 158, 160, 163, 170; collapse of in 1940, 166–167, 170, 176–177; in First World War, 36, 38, 44, 148
Friedrich II, King of Prussia (Frederick the Great, “Old Fritz”), 18, 23, 126, 197, 518, 537
von Fritsch, Gen. Werner, 121
Führerhauptquartier, 240, 288, 399, 438, 440, 443, 452, 505
Fuka, 379, 384, 385, 389
Gabes, 394, 402, 419, 422, 427
Gafsa, 407–408, 422, 428
Gagesti, 57–58, 59
Gambut, 293, 298
Gamelin, Marechal Maurice, 164, 170, 171
Gariboldi, Marshal Italo, 190, 198, 204–205, 206, 217, 226, 237, 238, 256, 288
Gause, Lt. Gen. Alfred, 281–282, 304, 314, 316, 329, 334, 340, 351, 359, 510; as Rommel’s chief of staff in North Africa, 282, 283, 290, 327; as Rommel’s chief of staff of Army Group B, 442, 444, 459; dismissed by Rommel, 467; invalided out of Africa, 365
Gazala, 196, 302, 303–304, 305, 307, 315, 319, 320, 322, 339, 343, 348, 352, 353, 355, 370
Battle of, 218, 322–332, 337, 338, 341, 346, 369, 492
Gelb, Fall (Case Yellow), 150, 153, 154, 155, 157, 160
German Army (Bundeswehr), 509, 510, 546, 557
German Army (Imperial), 33, 35 passim, 42, 47, 48, 50, 51, 57, 84 passim, 91, 92, 100, 101; invades Belgium and France, 36, 44, 47;High Command and General Staff, 36, 41, 48, 66, 95; 26th Infantry Division, 28; 27th Infanrty Division, 43–44; 49th Field Artillery Regiment, 30, 43; 124th Infantry Regiment, 29, 31, 43, 48, 50, 51, 59, 511; Alpenkorps (Mountain Corps), 53, 60, 61, 64, 65, 67, 73, 74, 77–78, 113; Jäger battalions, 51, 53; material shortages of, 83
German Army (Reichswehr), 94, 96, 97, 98–99, 100, 101, 103, 107, 113, 115, 118; 13th Infantry Regiment, 99; 17th Infantry Regiment, 113–114; creation of, 91, 94–95; Gosslar Jäger Battalion, 114, 124, 466, 574n; and “Kapp Putsch,” 93–95; “non-political” nature of, 107; and re-armament, 98–99, 108; relationship with Weimar Republic, 93, 94; restrictions imposed by Versailles Treaty, 94–95; and SA, 118–119, 122; and Sonderkommando R, 108–109
German Army (Wehrmacht) and German forces—see also Afrika Korps, 125, 130, 134, 137, 141, 142, 145, 147, 148, 149, 154, 166, 173, 177, 185, 189, 199, 234, 249, 254, 255, 282, 316, 318, 353, 363, 367, 393, 397, 404, 411, 412, 445, 453, 456, 462, 471, 474, 476, 489, 508, 513, 515–516, 527, 534, 535, 550; 2nd Panzer Division, 146; Fifth Panzer Army, 414, 422, 427; 5th Panzer Division, 157, 158, 159, 162, 174; 6th Rifle Regiment, 166; Sixth Army, 399, 515, 569n; Seventh Army, 467, 475, 481, 488, 503, 526; 7th Panzer Division, 150, 152–153, 154, 155 passim, 167–168, 169–170, 171, 172–173, 177, 178, 179, 193, 307, 317, 364, 393, 492; Eighth Army, 136; 10th Panzer Division, 162, 402, 406, 411, 420, 430, 434, 508; XV Corps, 154; Fifteenth Army, 467, 475, 476, 488, 496, 503; 21st Panzer Division (reformed), 483–484, 487; XXIV Panzer Corps, 471; 25th Panzer Regiment, 152, 158, 160, 162, 163, 165; 32nd Infantry Division, 154; XC Panzer Corps, 406, 412, 413; 104th Infantry Regiment, 254, 255; 501st Heavy Tank Detachment (Schwere Panzer-Abteilung 501), 406, 431, 434; Division von Broich, 406; Army Group A, 149, 150, 154, 157, 163, 164, 170; Army Group B (1940), 150, 154, 159, 164, 170, 474; Army Group B (1943–44), 442, 444, 451, 452, 457, 464, 466, 471, 477, 478, 510, 524, 531, 533, 535, 540, 544; Heeresgruppe Afrika (Army Group Africa), 427; Panzerarmee Afrika (Panzer Army Africa), 310, 318, 320, 321, 324, 328, 336, 336, 341, 342, 344–345, 346, 350, 354, 358, 361 passim, 376, 380, 382 passim, 394, 396, 399, 401, 402, 404, 414–416, 421, 430, 448, 552–553; General Staff, 16, 20, 106, 131, 148, 188, 189, 206, 234, 241, 244, 258, 259, 519, 550; Oberkommando des Heeres (O.K.H.— Army High Command), 191, 260; Oberkommando des Wehrmacht (O.K.W.—Armed Forces High Command), 149, 150, 166, 171, 186, 189, 191, 193, 194, 198, 200, 204, 205–206, 217, 235, 237, 241, 244, 246, 257, 258, 260, 276, 310, 314, 318, 363, 368, 376, 382, 384, 385, 401, 404, 412, 414, 427, 438, 440, 441, 444–445, 449, 452, 455, 462, 463, 482, 487, 491, 499–501, 502, 517, 525, 539; man-power shortages of, 383–384, 461–462
Gestapo, 122, 126, 151, 318, 477, 479, 512, 513, 523, 527, 545, 546; Rommel investigated by, 528–529, 530, 531, 534, 539
Geyr von Schweppenberg, Gen. Leo, 473, 475, 488, 489, 490, 499–500, 520; operational dispute with Rommel, 456, 470, 4
71–472
Göbbels, Josef, 117, 121, 157, 233, 344, 373, 388, 443, 517, 522; exploitation of Rommel by, 239–240, 283, 318, 337, 451
Godwin-Austen, Lt. Gen. Reade, 293
Goerdeler, Karl, 511, 512
Goldhagen, David, 129, 148
Göring, Hermann, 151, 374, 382, 400, 402, 403, 404, 419, 430, 433, 443, 444; attempts to replace Rommel, 401, 403
Gort, Viscount (Lt. Gen. John Verecker), 164,166, 369
Gossler, Capt. Wilhelm, 54, 63, 65
Gott, Lt. Gen. William, 250, 251–252, 254, 334, 370
Graziani, Marshal Rodolfo, 182, 183, 189, 212, 256, 258
Great War—see First World War
Greece, 185–186, 198, 209–210, 211, 235, 239, 279, 444
Gröner, Gen. Wilhelm, 84, 85–86, 91, 95, 96
Guderian, Gen. Heinz, 154, 155, 157, 162, 177, 358, 538
Halder, Gen. Franz, 187, 193–194, 196, 205, 206, 241, 244, 249, 258–259, 260, 281, 282, 283, 295
Halfaya Pass, 221, 224, 236, 239, 245–246, 247, 249, 254, 256, 264, 287, 307, 348; defense of in Brevity, 250–251, 252, 253; defense of in Battleaxe, 265, 266, 268, 269–270, 271, 274, 289; defense of in Crusader, 294, 297, 298, 301, 306
Hanke, Maj. Karl-August, 167, 168, 173, 240
Herrlingen, 403, 447, 458, 528, 533, 534, 544, 546, 547
Heidkamper, Maj. Otto, 162, 178, 317
von Herff, Col. Maximillian, 221, 247, 249, 250–251, 252, 253, 255, 262
Himmler, Heinrich, 125, 142, 151, 318, 401, 402, 458–459, 513, 530, 532, 545
von Hindenburg, Fld. M Marshal Paul, 66, 67, 83, 84, 112, 115, 118, 119, 121, 123
Hitler, Adolf, 86, 110, 124–125, 126–128, 147, 153, 166–167, 241, 258–259, 309, 342, 350, 373, 373–374, 386, 388, 441, 445, 446, 448, 462, 514–516, 517, 518, 520, 521, 522, 523, 530–531, 535–536, 544, 545, 546, 555; and Allied invasion of France, 455, 471, 475, 476, 483. 497, 498–499; and annexation (Anschlüss) of Austria, 136–137, 139; and annexation of Czechoslovakia, 140–143; and assassination attempt of July 20, 1944, 505–506, 513, 527; assumes power as chancellor, 110, 111, 115; “Commando Order” issued by, 367, 474; and construction of Atlantic Wall, 452–454; failure to develop grand strategy, 383–384, 493; and Fall Gelb, 149–150; as Führer, 115; and German officer corps, 120–122, 128, 150, 206, 505–506; and German rearmament, 134–135, 139–140; and invasion of Poland, 143–146; as military commander, 363, 383–384, 386, 388, 391, 399–400, 402, 405, 448–449, 493, 495, 497, 499–500; and Munich Crisis, 141, 143, 180; and Mussolini, 180, 185, 186, 190, 198; oath of loyalty to (Fahneneid), 14, 123–124, 125, 514, 515, 516–517; purges the SA, 115, 119–121; remilitarizes Rhineland, 135; and Rommel, 124–125, 132–133, 141–142, 147, 151, 171, 177, 193, 283, 288–289, 337, 386, 391, 399, 414–415, 439, 441, 442, 443, 451, 500, 511, 525, 531, 532, 535, 536, 537, 543, 556, 557