Political Tribes
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“ethnonationalism lite,” 192–96
Europe, 28, 121, 204
ethnic nations of, 11, 22
genocide in, 77, 96
immigration from, 26–27, 124–25, 203
and terrorist groups, 107–9, 116
See also specific countries
European Union, 26, 166
extremists, 82, 86–87, 90–91, 104–5, 112, 114–15, 144. See also radicalism; specific groups
Facebook, 4, 142, 151, 184–85
Feldman, Noah, 80
Florida, 151, 168
Flynn, Michael, 188
Forbes, 48
Foreign Policy, 192
foreign policy
failure of, 2–3, 13, 34–35, 37–38, 51, 53–54, 57, 44, 60, 73–74, 76, 81–82, 117–18
post-Cold War, 95–97
successes of, 75, 84–92
and tribal politics, 33–35, 38, 46, 53–55, 57
forward operating bases (FOBs), 83, 90
Fox News, 158, 180, 194
France, 23–24, 28, 33, 43–46, 49–51
France, Brian, 157–58
Franklin, Benjamin, 18
freedom, 3, 21, 26, 38, 44, 53–54, 76, 194–95, 207–9
Friedman, Thomas, 38, 96
functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), 39–40
fundamentalists, 3, 65–66, 69, 96, 113
Gaddafi, Colonel, 34
gangs, 73, 144, 149–52
Gates, Robert, 90
Geneva Accords, 50–51
genocide, 93, 96, 182, 204
Georgia, 153, 168
Germany, 11, 20, 22, 30, 33, 75–78, 109, 124. See also Nazis
Ghost Wars (Coll), 69
Gingrich, Newt, 6, 180
Ginsburg, Ruth Bader, 201
Gorsuch, Neil, 31
Goscha, Christopher, 44
Great Britain, 22, 146–47
abolishes slavery, 19
and Afghanistan, 61–62, 73–74
colonialism of, 15–16, 62, 121
immigrants in, 24–26, 62
and Iraq, 78, 89–90
See also United Kingdom
Greeks, 26, 123
group identity
in Afghanistan, 60–61, 66
blindness to, 1–7, 15–21, 44–45, 53–55, 139, 178–80, 182–83, 187
and ethnicity, 41–42
explanation of, 1–10, 104–5
in Iraq, 82, 85–86, 90
and terrorism, 104–5, 107, 111–16
in United States, 137–64, 177, 180–81, 183, 192
in Vietnam, 50–51
groups
inequality in, 112–16
psychology of, 100–107, 111–12, 116
transcending them, 178–80, 199–201
Hagin, Kenneth, 154
Haitians, 149
Hamilton, 208
Hanoi, Vietnam, 50–51, 54, 56–57
Haq Ahady, Anwar-ul, 69
Harvard University, 29, 31, 41, 80, 201
hate crimes, 8
Hate U Give, The (Thomas), 15, 175
Hawaii, 167
Hazaras, 60, 70, 72
Helmand Province, 73
Hillbilly Elegy (Vance), 163
Hispanic Americans, 4, 9, 150–52, 166–67, 187–88, 191, 199–200
Hollywood, 8, 31–32
Horowitz, Donald, 41
“How Democrats Can Get Their Mojo Back” (Leonhardt), 138–39
Hsu, Hua, 192
Huffington Post, 6, 159, 171
Hughes, Langston, 209–10
human rights, 7, 18, 178–80, 202
Hungary/Hungarians, 11, 22, 26, 64
Huntington, Samuel P., 187
Hussein, Saddam, 3, 78–79, 81, 92, 95, 97
ICE, 176
identity politics, 9–11, 166, 177–92
See also group identity; national identity; subgroups; super-groups
Ignatiev, Noel, 168
Illinois, 170, 176
immigrants
Hispanic, 187–88, 192
mass influx of, 26–30, 166–68, 170, 207
nation of, 19–20, 27–28, 197, 203, 207–8
opposition to, 10, 23, 27, 29, 32, 201
and racial categories, 18, 26–27
in United States, 32, 194, 205–6
Immigration and Nationality Act (1965), 29–30
imperialism, 15–16, 196
India/Indians, 16, 30, 47, 69, 109, 121, 193
Indiana, 170, 188
indigenous
-blooded masses, 121, 123, 125, 126
movements, 38, 132
individual rights, 7–8, 10, 95, 178–79
individualism, 10, 20–21, 143, 179, 190–91
Indonesia, 47
inequality
and democracy, 7–9, 120, 130
and extremism, 112–16
high levels of, 9, 32
in United States, 19, 137–41, 148–49, 155, 162, 164
in Venezuela, 120, 130, 132
See also racial: inequality
Internet, 114, 194
intersectionality, 183–86
Iowa, 28, 170
Iran/Iranians, 32, 61, 66, 93, 95
Iraq, 20, 34, 73
democracy in, 79–83, 92–96
ISIS in, 109–10, 115
as multiethnic nation, 34, 76–78
Sunni minority in, 78–80
U.S. invasion of, 2–3, 16, 75–76, 78–80, 95
U.S. surge in (2007), 84–92
Ireland/Irish, 24, 26, 28, 163
ISIS, 74, 76, 81, 93–95, 97, 104–5, 107, 109–11, 113–15
Islam, 65–70, 97, 108–9, 114, 163, 178, 188. See also Afghanistan; al-Qaeda militants; ISIS; Taliban
Islamic
culture, 187
holy sites, 83, 88
militant groups, 25–26, 60–61, 107–16
Revolution, 66
schools, 65
State, 93–95, 107, 110, 114–15
Israel, 105–6, 113, 116, 202
Italy/Italians, 22, 26, 30, 33, 124, 199
Ivy League universities, 28–29, 177. See also specific universities
Jamaican Americans, 18, 32
James, Quentin, 183
Japan, 22, 75–78
Jeter, Derek, 32
Jews, 42, 123, 188, 191, 202
and Arabs in Israel, 105–6
discrimination against, 9, 17, 56
at elite colleges, 29, 177
in Europe, 23, 25
immigrate to United States, 26, 32
in Russia, 47, 97
on U.S. Supreme Court, 31
jihadis, 25–26, 66, 72, 107–9, 115, 203
Jim Crow, 169, 174, 177
Johnson, Lyndon B., 37–38
Jones, Seth, 68
Jones, Van, 173, 198
Kabul, Afghanistan, 66, 67–68, 73
Kaepernick, Colin, 194–95
Kafr Hamra, 108
Kagan, Frederick, 89
Kahan, Dan, 101–2
Kandahar, Afghanistan, 69
Kansas, 193
Karzai, Hamid, 65, 69, 72
Kennedy, John F., 178
Kennedy, Joseph II, 119
Kerry, John, 111
Khanh, Tran, 44
Khanna, Ro, 197–98
King, Martin Luther Jr., 11, 178–80, 208
Kissinger, Henry, 37, 54
Korea, 22, 199
Kristol, William, 80
Kruks, Sonia, 181
Kurds, 20, 75, 78–79, 82
/> Kymlicka, Will, 179
Lahren, Tomi, 194–96
Lameda, Guaicaipuro, 128
Lander, Christian, 191–92
Latin America, 30, 117–26, 132–34, 137, 166–67, 192
Latinos, 9, 138, 160, 173, 181, 183, 193
Law Against Racial Discrimination, 126–27
Le Bon, Gustave, 104
left, the, 9–11, 118, 128, 159, 161, 166, 177–91, 204. See also Democrats; liberals/liberalism
Leonhardt, David, 138–39
“Let America Be America Again” (Hughes), 209–10
“Letter to My Son” (Coates), 174
Lewy, Guenter, 54
Lexus and the Olive Tree, The (Friedman), 96
LGBTQ America, 9, 31, 141, 150, 173, 176, 181, 184
liberals/liberalism, 7–9, 75, 102, 163, 176, 183, 201–2, 206. See also Democrats; left, the
Libya, 28, 33–35, 108
Long, Gavin, 144
Louisiana, 168–69, 187, 205
MacFarland, Sean, 87, 89
Maduro, Nicolás, 134–35
Maher, Bill, 189
Malcolm X, 178
Malverde, Jesús, 151–52
Mansoor, Peter, 87
market-dominant minorities
in developing world, 46–49
in Indonesia, 47
in Iraq, 3, 78–80
in the Philippines, 47–48
and political tribalism, 48
reasons for, 47
in United States, 164, 188–89
in Venezuela, 120–21, 125–26, 129–30, 135
in Vietnam, 48–52, 56
markets, 20, 130
and democracy, 3, 95–96
free, 7–8, 48, 76, 95–96, 179
Marlantes, Karl, 199–200
Marr, Phebe, 85
marriage
intermarriage, 20, 27, 77, 122, 163
interracial, 192
same-sex, 201
Marxism, 2, 45, 63
McCain, John, 79–80
McChrystal, Stanley, 74, 81, 90
McGovern, George, 37
McMahon, Linda and Vince, 159–60
McMaster, H. R., 84–86, 89
McNamara, Robert, 44–45
media, 5, 13, 125–26, 160, 172, 175, 188, 190, 197. See also social media
mestizos, 121–25
Mexican Americans, 4, 10, 17, 152, 176, 187–88, 200, 202, 205–6
Mexico, 28, 30, 123, 150–51
Middle East, 76, 89, 94, 109, 112, 116, 137
Miller, Stephen, 193
Minnesota, 170, 198
minorities, 97, 188
definition of, 167
disadvantaged, 149, 155
dominance of, 193–94
elected president, 21–22
at elite colleges, 28–29, 171–72, 177
exclusion of, 21, 182–83, 186, 208
gratitude demand of, 193–96
oppression of, 179, 181–84, 193, 196
and popular culture, 31–32
rights of, 23, 179
threatened in United States, 174–77
in U.S. Congress, 172
See also market-dominant minorities; United States:
“browning of”
Miranda, Lin-Manuel, 208
Mississippi, 168
Modern History of Iraq, The (Marr), 85
Moore, Michael, 204
Morales, Evo, 132
Morgenthau, Hans, 37
Morrison, Toni, 196, 204
mosques, 22, 69, 83, 88, 193
Mosul, Iraq, 94–95, 110
Muhammad, Elijah, 178
mujahedin, 64–66, 70, 109–10
multiculturalism, 8, 10, 24, 31–32, 160, 167, 176
Murray, Charles, 143
Muslims, 65, 77, 197
and 2016 election, 175, 187–88
discrimination against, 9–10, 116, 192–93
in France, 23–24
in Great Britain, 24–26
suppression of, 22–26
terrorism and, 70, 107–9, 113–16
Mythologies (Barthes), 159
Naím, Moisés, 127, 135
narco-saints, 149–52
NASCAR Nation, 156–58
national identity
of Asian countries, 11, 22
of European nations, 11, 21–26
of United States, 11–12, 19–20, 22, 25, 32–34, 166, 173, 177, 203–4, 208–9
of Vietnam, 38, 42–46, 57
weaker forms of, 24, 34, 77–78, 96–97
National Interest, 60
National Review, 162
nationalist movements, 10, 12, 26, 38, 44, 57, 64–65, 179, 192–93
Native Americans, 17–18, 195
Nature of Prejudice, The (Allport), 199
Nazis, 56, 77, 96, 188, 192
neurological studies, 39–41
New Jersey, 197
New Mexico, 167
New Republic, 175
New York Times, 21, 96, 129–30, 160, 163
New Yorker, 184
New Zealand, 27–28
North Carolina, 154–55, 174–75
North Vietnam, 44–45, 50–51, 55–56
Northern Alliance, 71–72
NPR/PBS Marist poll, 193
Obama, Barack, 4, 9, 32, 153, 170, 180
on civil rights movement, 208
elected president, 21–22, 169, 196
on human rights, 7
on Libya, 34–35
on Nouri al-Maliki, 93
on racial unity, 181–82
Oberlin, 181, 186–87
Occupy Wall Street, 3–4, 139–44, 148
Ohio, 198
oil, 79, 109, 117–19, 126, 128, 130, 133–35
oligarchs, 127–29
Omar, Mullah Mohammed, 66, 69
Oregon, 167, 193, 200
Oscars, 31, 173, 196
Osteen, Joel, 153, 155
Other 98%, The, 140–41
Our Kids (Putnam), 143
Packer, George, 85, 141
Pakistan
and Afghanistan, 61–63, 69–70
Punjabi control of, 62–63
supports Taliban, 60, 74
and United States, 60–61, 64–66
Pashtuns, 60–65, 67–74
patriotism, 6, 11, 144, 158, 179, 194, 208
Patriquin, Travis, 87
PDVSA oil company, 128
Pennsylvania, 132, 186
Peru, 123, 132
Petraeus, David, 82, 88–91
Pew Research Center, 31, 167, 171, 193
Philadelphia, 186
Philippines, 30, 47–48, 109
pigmentocracy, 121–25
Poland/Polish, 22, 26, 30
police, 9, 53, 56, 62, 86–87, 144, 174–75, 199, 202
political
activists, 139–44, 178, 181, 183–86, 196, 202
correctness, 161–62, 166, 169, 176
elites, 138
poor, the, 24, 78
and America’s elites, 6–7, 144
in developing world, 46–48
and gangs/drugs, 149–52
and Occupy Wall Street, 3–4, 139–40, 142–43, 148
and prosperity gospel, 4–5, 153–56
and sovereign citizens, 148–49
and terrorism, 111–12
and tribalism, 97, 143–44
in United States, 119, 162, 171–72
in Venezuela, 120–21, 124–25, 129, 132–33
in Vietnam, 50, 55
popular culture, 31–32, 173
populists/populism, 26, 48, 116, 126, 130, 132, 138, 170
Portugal, 121, 124
Posner, Richard, 146–47
presidential elections, 5, 7–8, 10, 21–22, 125, 160–62, 169–71, 175, 181, 199, 203, 205. See also 2016 election
progressives, 6, 9, 138–39, 160–61, 176, 182, 184, 187, 203, 205–6
prosperity gospel, 4–5, 153–56, 158
Protestants, 17, 26, 29–31, 182, 187, 204. See also WASPS
Public Religion Research, 170
Punjabis, 62–63
Putnam, Robert, 143
Qutb, Sayyid, 113
Rabbani, Burhanuddin, 67–68
racial
conflicts, 13, 120
democracy, 121–26
divides, 5–7, 112
identity, 11, 18, 149, 191
inequality, 9, 26, 132, 180
integration, 199–201
mixing, 121–26, 131–32
pride, 132, 156, 186, 191–92, 195
segregation, 17, 28, 195
racism, 6, 40
and group blindness, 17–20
opposition to, 194
in United States, 21, 27–28, 31–32, 34, 161–63, 165–66, 168–70, 173, 179–80, 183, 185, 187, 189, 195–96, 203–6, 208
and U.S. armed forces, 199–200
in Venezuela, 121, 123–27, 130, 131
and Vietnam War, 18, 53
radicalism, 35, 76, 82, 97, 107. See also extremists
Ramadi, Iraq, 86–90
Rawls, John, 179
Reagan, Ronald, 33, 179–80
religious
differences, 15–16
divides, 34, 77–79, 83, 96, 112
groups, 22, 32
identity, 1, 24–25
ideology, 115
minorities, 22–25
movements, 150–51
Republicans, 6, 95, 102, 156, 171, 188, 193
Rice, Condoleezza, 3
right, the, 10–11, 166, 176–81, 187–92, 204
Robbers Cave experiment, 100–101
Robertson, Ian, 105
Rose, ShiShi, 185
Rubio, Marco, 188
Russia, 22, 27, 47, 61, 74, 97, 109, 112, 117, 133
Sáez, Irene, 118–19, 125
Saigon, Vietnam, 48–50, 52, 55–57
Salvadorans, 149
Salvini, Matteo, 26
Sanders, Bernie, 183
Santa Muerte cult, 150–51
Sarkozy, Nicolas, 23
Sarsour, Linda, 183
Saudi Arabia, 66
Scaramucci, Anthony, 161
Schoen, Douglas, 139
Schumer, Amy, 186
Scotland, 24, 163
sectarian
divisions, 3, 7, 20, 34, 82, 85, 112
dynamics, 89, 93, 96
identity, 1, 3, 82
violence/warfare, 82–84, 86–88, 91
secularism, 7–8
September 11, 2001, 70–71, 96, 118, 163
Serbs, 27, 77, 97
sexual orientation, 150, 184, 199. See also LGBTQ America