Red River area in, 409, 431, 432–33, 434–35, 441, 448, 454, 457, 458
rural population and, 444–46
three-stage plan for, 399
U.S. and, 403–6, 412, 414, 416, 423–25, 426, 429, 430, 446, 447, 450, 454–55, 457, 458, 573–74
see also Democratic Republic of Vietnam; Republic of Vietnam; Vietnam War
Fraternal Association of Compatriots, 57
French Communist Party (FCP), 73, 74, 76, 78, 82, 83, 85, 88, 89, 99, 101, 102, 104, 147, 148, 150, 157, 165, 169, 193, 224, 226, 354–55, 374, 375, 379, 392, 395, 421
Colonial Commission of, 77–78, 79, 84, 89, 101
Ho’s joining of, 76
French Expeditionary Forces (FEF), xv, 408, 415, 434, 447
French Indochina:
Allied division of, 317–18
Annam, 13, 90, 107, 138, 175, 179, 180, 185, 190, 207, 215–16, 253, 313, 355, 375
British occupation forces in, 318, 332, 333–34, 336–37
Cambodia, see Cambodia
Chinese Nationalists and, 279
Chinese occupation forces in, 318, 319, 326–29, 331, 337–39, 340, 342, 354, 357, 358, 359, 360, 361, 362, 363, 365
Cochin China, see Cochin China
efforts to restore French sovereignty in, 328, 330, 331, 334–35, 337, 339–41, 342, 343, 346, 350–51, 353–55, 356–80, 404
Japanese in, 243–44, 248, 254, 264, 275, 276, 277, 283, 285, 288, 294, 295–97, 304, 307–15
Japanese coup in, 288, 295–96, 307, 314
Laos, see Laos
Popular Front and, 233
postwar plan for, 300–301, 305
restrictions on Party activities in, 239
Tonkin, see Tonkin
U.S. policy toward, 283, 285, 292, 319, 330–31, 340–42, 351, 378, 390, 404, 446, 459, 460, 573–74
Vietnamese resistance in, see Vietnamese independence movement; specific organizations
war between French and Vietminh in, see Franco-Vietminh War
see also Vietnam
French Socialist Party (FSP), 62, 70, 71, 72–73
Ho as member of, 62, 63, 64
Frossard, Louis, 71
Fu Dajing, 199
Gandhi, Mahatma, 125
Garros, Georges, 110
Gauss, Clarence, 283, 284, 287, 288, 293
GBT group, 288, 289, 294
Geneva Accords, 452, 455–60, 464, 464, 465, 467, 468, 469, 470, 471, 489, 492, 495, 496, 497, 500, 505, 508, 509, 518, 520, 521, 530, 532, 533, 539, 545
Genouilly, Charles Rigault de, 12
Germanetto, Giovanni, 96–97
Germany, 364
Germany, Nazi, 223, 239, 248
France occupied by, 242, 248
Soviet Union and, 223–24, 239, 248, 258–59
Gia Long (Nguyen Anh), 11, 19
Giai Pham, 490
Gordon, L. L., 288
Gouin, Félix, 357, 369
Gracey, Douglas, 333–34, 335, 336, 337
Great Britain, see Britain
Guangxi, 243
Guesde, Pierre, 69, 70
Guilin, 231–32, 237, 242, 244–45, 246, 248, 249, 264, 267–68, 269, 270
Guiyang, 237–38, 242
Ha Huy Giap, 304
Ha Huy Tap, 214, 216–18, 220–22, 233, 234, 239, 248, 256, 304
Ha Long Bay agreement, 412
Ha Thy Hy, 15
Hai Lu Feng Soviets, 142
Haiphong, 389–90, 392, 394, 396, 448, 457, 462, 466
Halberstam, David, 380
Ham Nghi, 12, 13, 14
Hanoi, 19, 258, 261, 295, 318, 320, 332, 346, 353, 472
Chinese occupation forces in, 326–27, 329
in Franco-Vietminh War, 394, 397–98, 399, 401, 431, 433, 434, 448, 456, 457
Governor-General’s Palace in, 373
refugees from, 465–66, 470, 516
return of Vietminh government to, 462–64, 465–66
Vietminh takeover of, 8–9, 308–12, 313, 315, 316, 317, 321–24, 338
Hanoi Free School (Dong Kinh Nghia Thuc), xv, 31, 35, 39, 40, 125
He Yingqin, 339, 348
Heath, Donald, 432
Helliwell, Paul, 292, 299
Hengyang, 236–37
Heppner, Richard, 293, 331
Hiep Hoa conference, 297, 298
Hitler, Adolf, 223
Ho Chi Minh (Nguyen Sinh Cung; Nguyen Tat Thanh; Nguyen Ai Quoc):
adulation of, 482, 572
appointed vice chairman of Dong Minh Hoi, 273
arrests and imprisonments of, 200, 201–9, 213, 228, 263–72, 273, 284, 301
biographies of, 5, 500
birth of, 17
brother of, 17, 20, 24, 25, 26, 27, 33, 38, 206, 386
childhood of, 18, 19, 20–23
death of, 561, 562, 566
declining influence of, 440, 504–5, 508, 536–37, 553, 572
education of, 20, 21, 23–24, 27, 32–34, 35, 37, 48, 51, 52, 212, 213, 214, 227
father of, see Nguyen Sinh Sac
first political involvement of, 36–37, 38
French Communist Party joined by, 76
funeral of, 563
general secretary post refused by, 255–57
health problems of, 268, 301–3, 304, 380, 390, 393, 443, 520, 548, 554, 555, 556, 560, 561
“Ho Chi Minh” adopted as name by, 248–49
ideology of, 2–3, 5, 6, 74, 123–24, 375, 569–73, 575, 576–77
image of, 482, 571–72, 574–75
international prominence gained by, 101–2
jobs of, 56, 67, 77, 82–83
mausoleum for, 565–66
modern attitudes toward, 575–76
mother of, 16–17, 18–19, 20–21, 22
mystery and debates about, 2–3, 4–6, 7, 569–73
names and pseudonyms of, 17, 23, 59, 85, 113, 151, 170, 200, 201, 231, 232, 234, 236, 241, 248–49, 250, 508
optimism of, 60, 130, 136
patriotism of, 24, 25, 34, 64, 123, 575
police and, 69–70, 72, 76, 82–64, 86, 163
presidency assumed by, 8–9, 321–24, 352, 353, 388
reports of death of, 209, 210, 212, 269–70, 440
revolutionary past admitted by, 499–500
school dismissal of, 37, 38, 61
at sea, 44, 46–47, 49, 62
seventy-fifth birthday of, 554–55
sister of, 17, 21, 38, 48, 206, 386
source materials about, 5–6
teaching of, 30–40, 41, 130, 213, 258, 261
testament of, 560, 561, 563, 566, 566, 569
travels of, 38–39, 40, 43–45, 46–54, 62, 380–83
Vietminh Front organized by, 245–46, 252–54, 255
Vietnamese Communist Parry founded by, 164–65, 167, 168–69
wives of, 143, 198–99, 224–25; see also Nguyen Thi Minh Khai
Ho Chi Minh, writings of, 4–5, 46, 49, 50, 53, 64, 66–68, 73–76, 80–81, 83, 85, 92, 95–98, 124–25, 131–37, 181, 182, 192, 213, 227, 232, 236, 259–60, 282, 464, 506–7, 508, 522, 540
autobiographical, 26, 43–44, 51–52, 54, 64, 205, 264, 572
message to Central Committee members, 234–36
poetry, 259–60, 265–68
Procès de la colonisation française (“French Colonialism on Trial”), 96
“Revendications du peuple annamite” (Demands of the Annamite People), 58–60, 61–62
Revolutionary Path, 132–37
“Women,” 259–60
Ho Chi Minh Museum, 567
Ho Chi Minh Trail, 517, 528, 530, 540, 546
Ho Hoc Lam, 243, 245, 248
Ho Tung Mau, 117, 119, 120, 126, 129, 151, 153–55, 159, 161–64, 200, 339
Ho Viet Thang, 477, 484
Hoa Binh, 441–42
Hoa Hao sect, xv, 333, 385, 408, 468–69, 473
Hoang Cam, 490
Hoang Cao Khai, 13
Hoang Dinh Giong, 220, 221, 244
Hoang Duong (Hoang Xuan Duong; Masrer Duong), 16–17, 18<
br />
Hoang Hoa Tham, 295
Hoang Minh Giam, 339, 354, 363, 364, 367, 393, 396–97, 403, 405–6, 408
Hoang Quang Binh, 287
Hoang Quoc Viet, 247, 250, 252, 258, 277, 297, 320, 332, 337, 339, 364, 385, 388, 391, 406, 475, 476, 477, 478, 484
Hoang Thi An, 16–17
Hoang Thi Loan, 16–17, 18–19, 20
death of, 20–21, 22
Hoang Thong, 34
Hoang Van Hoan, 170, 237, 238, 245, 248, 249, 252, 270, 304, 365, 419, 420, 423, 432, 568
Hoang Van Non, 220, 221, 223, 225
Hoang Van Thai, 425
Hoang Van Thu, 241, 244, 247, 250, 252, 255, 258, 277, 280
Hoc Tap, 498
Hong Kong, 145, 146, 163, 170, 189
Ho’s arrest and imprisonment in, 200, 201–9, 213
Hook, Sidney, 577
Hotel Victoria bombing, 117–19
Hou Zhiming, 271–72, 273
Hu Feng, 489
Hué, 19–20, 21–22, 27–28, 32, 36–37, 57, 313
Hue-Tam Ho Tai, 566
Humphrey, Hubert, 560
Hungary, 497
Hurley, Patrick, 293
Huynh Phu So, 385
Huynh Thuc Khang, 218
ICC (International Control Commission), xvi, 459, 464, 487, 532
ICP, see Indochinese Communist Party
India, 405, 458, 459, 508
Indochina, see French Indochina
Indochinese Communist League (Dong duong Cong san Lien doan), 159, 162, 163, 164
Indochinese Communist Party (ICP; Dang Cong san Dong duong), xvi, 187, 193–97, 214–27, 233–34, 236, 237, 243, 246, 274–76, 280, 309, 313, 320, 346, 348, 422, 423, 429, 440
CCP and, 414
Central Committee of, 180, 185–91, 195, 233, 237, 246, 249–52, 255–56, 258, 277, 297, 298, 303, 330, 344, 350, 353, 394
Central Military Committee of, 394
Chinese influence on, 436, 440
clandestine operations of, 350
Comintern’s admission of, 214, 224
crackdown on, 239
dissolution of, 349–50, 374, 421, 437
division into separate parties, 438–39
Eighth Plenum of, 250, 251–52, 255–56, 428, 429
fascism and, 258–59
First National Congress of (Macao conference), 219, 220–22, 233, 244, 252, 262, 413–14, 439
First Plenum of, 180, 185–89
growth of, 437–38
Hiep Hoa conference of, 297, 298
Ho’s arrest and, 268–70
Ho’s position in, 255–57
Japanese aggression and, 244
local support of, 262
nationalism and, 216–19, 221 222, 223
Ninth Plenum of, 303–5
renaming of, 438–39
“Resistance and Reconstruction” resolution of, 350–51
Second National Congress of, 437–38, 439, 440–41, 444
Second Plenum of, 195
security problems in, 220, 222
Sixth Plenum of, 254, 314
Soviet Union and, 391–92
Standing Committee of, 189, 190, 191, 192, 194, 196, 197, 277, 278–79, 280, 313, 317, 361, 363–65, 386, 397, 413, 430–31
Third National Conference of, 425–26, 429
Vietminh Front and, 245–46
see also Vietnamese Workers’ Party
Indochinese Democratic Front, 233
Indochinese Marxist Study Society, 349–50
Indochinese Nationalist Party (Quoc Dan Dang Dong Duong), 119
Indonesia, 421
Institute for the Study of the National and Colonial Questions (Stalin School; University of the Toilers of the East;), 92–94, 101, 124, 212, 227, 256
intellectuals, 488–91
Intercolonial Union, 78–79, 81, 139
International Anti-Aggression League, 264, 269, 284
International Control Commission (ICC), xvi, 459, 464, 487, 532
International Peasant Conference, 91
Inrernational Red Aid, 202
Isaacs, Harold R., 344–45, 424
Italy, 150
Japan, 26–27, 31, 40, 66, 74, 76, 82, 224
Allied conflict with, 262, 274, 277–78, 294, 296, 297, 299, 303–5, 307–9, 311, 312, 315, 317–18, 327, 333, 334, 344
China and, 229, 230–31, 232, 237, 243–44, 248, 255, 291
in Indochina, 243–44, 2481 254, 264, 275, 276, 277, 283, 285, 288, 294, 295–97, 304, 307–15
Indochinese coup of, 288, 295–96, 307, 314
Jingxi, 246, 248, 249, 250, 264–65
Joffe, Adolf, 106
Johnson, Lyndon B., 534, 540, 541, 543, 544, 545, 547, 550, 552, 556, 558, 559, 560, 563
Journey to the East (Dong Du), 26
Kalinin, Mikhail, 91
Kamenev, Lev, 211, 223
Kang Sheng, 213
Karnow, Stanley, 55
Kemp, Joseph, 204
Kennedy, John F., 526, 528–29, 532, 534
Kennedy, Robert F., 559
Khai Dinh, 81–82
Khan, Ayub, 547
Khanh Ky, 140
Khmer Issarak, 414
Khmer Rouge, xvi, 456, 457, 565
Khrushchev, Nikita, 421, 471, 491, 497, 508, 520, 522, 527, 531, 537, 538, 542
Stalin denounced by, 481–82, 483, 490, 497
Kien Hoa, 518
Kim Lien, 15, 500
Kim Lung, 296, 297, 298
Kirov, Sergey, 211
Kobelev, Yevgeny, 97, 170, 225
Kolarov, Vasili, 99
Korea, 446, 451, 452, 453, 455, 530
Kosygin, Alexei, 544
Kropchenko, N. I., 100
Kunming, 237, 238, 240, 243, 284, 285, 292
Ho’s contacts with U.S. officials in, 286–91, 292
Kuomintang (Nationalist Party), 105–6, 112, 141–44, 236, 243, 245, 246, 255, 264, 276, 278, 279, 286
CCP and, 106, 112, 143–44, 226, 231, 232, 404, 420
see also Chiang Kai-shek
Kuusinen, Otto, 212
Lacouture, Jean, 213
Lai Chau, 448
Lam Due Thu, 117, 118, 121, 127, 140, 143–45, 155, 156, 158–60, 198, 206, 222
land reform, 437, 444–46, 475–81, 482–88, 490, 491, 508, 511, 521
landlords, 175–76, 177, 179, 185, 191, 299, 437, 444–46, 480–81, 483, 487, 511
Landon, Kenneth, 356–57
Lang Son, 244
Langdon, William, 285
Lao Issara, 414
Laos, 111, 216, 253, 278, 375, 390, 438–39, 463, 516, 529, 530, 565
Franco-Vietminh conflict and, 413–14, 441, 443, 448, 449, 458
Pathet Lao in, xvii, 456, 457, 458, 528, 529
U.S. and, 459
Law, William, 405
Law 10/59, 518
Le Duan, 2, 337, 492–93, 494, 495–96, 497–98, 499, 501, 502, 503–4, 505, 507, 509, 511, 515, 516, 519, 522, 523, 527–30, 533–34, 536, 537, 538, 541, 542, 543, 545–46, 549, 550, 556, 558, 567–68
appointed general secretary, 499, 503
arrest of, 239
elected first secretary, 524
Ho’s death and, 563–64, 565, 569
Le Duc Tho, 397, 476, 481, 505, 524, 536, 538, 558
Le Duy Diem, 160, 163
Le Havre, 49, 51
Le Hong Phong, 116, 117, 119, 120, 131, 165, 214, 216, 218–21, 223–25, 233, 234, 237, 239, 256
death of, 248
Nguyen Thi Minh Khai’s marriage to, 225
Le Hong Son (Le Van Phan), 116, 117, 119, 120, 151, 153–55, 158–60, 162–64, 215
Le Liem, 537, 538
Le Loi, 10, 24, 261
le Quang Ba, 250, 263, 268
Le Quang Dat, 116, 118, 159, 162, 166, 201
Le Thanh Nghi, 556
Le Tong Son, 275, 291
Le Van Luong, 477, 483, 484
Le Van Mien, 34
League Against Imperialism, 202
League for the
Independence of Vietnam, see Vietminh Front
Leclerc, Henri, 337, 344, 353, 354, 355, 357–58, 359, 361, 362, 365–68, 372, 376, 400, 401–2
Lefranc, Serge (Joseph Ducroux), 193–94, 199–200, 201, 202
Lenin, V, I., 70, 86–88, 90, 96–98, 122–24, 133, 135, 137, 154–55, 165, 166, 182, 189–90, 212, 239, 254, 260, 316, 343, 364, 464, 576
New Economic Policy of, 88, 94–95
“Theses on the National and Colonial Questions,” 64–66, 71, 90
Lenin University, 213
Li Jishen, 144, 245, 246
Li Lisan, 182
Li Zongren, 271
Liang Huasheng, 271
Liao Zhongkai, 122, 143
Lien Viet Front (Mat Tran Lien Viet), xvi, 438, 473
see also Vietminh Front
Life, 447
Lin Biao, 520, 547, 549
Liu Shaoqi, 417–19, 420, 427, 436, 507, 521, 527, 531–32, 535, 546
Liuzhou, 245, 268, 269, 270, 291
London, 51–54
London Daily Express, 530
Long, Maurice, 84
Long March, 228, 229
Longuet, Jean, 63, 64, 66, 71, 72, 73
Longzhou, 237
Loseby, Frank, 202–3, 204–5, 208, 209
Louis, Paul, 55
Louis Napoleon, Emperor, 9
Lu Han, 327, 329, 338, 339, 348, 358, 366
Lu Xun, 348
Luang Prabang, 448
Lung Hoang, 279
Luo Guibo, 418, 425, 427, 428
Lushan, 520
Lutte, La, 215
Ly Sam, 201, 203, 204
Ly Thuy, see Ho Chi Minh
Ly Ung Thuan, 200
Macao conference, 219, 220–22, 233, 244, 252, 262, 413–14, 439
MacArthur, Douglas, 277, 307
McNamara, Robert S., 540, 559
Mai Thuc Loan, 24
Malaya, 418, 530
Malayan Communist Party (MCP), 171, 199, 207
Malenkov, Georgy, 450
Manchukuo, 229
Manchuria, 229
mandarins, 29, 171, 175, 177, 325, 326
Mandelstam, Ossip, 45, 95, 110
Maneli, Mieczyslaw, 532
Manuilslky, Dmitri, 83–86, 98–99, 100, 103, 114, 213, 214
Mao Khe, 433, 435
Mao Zedong, 137, 178, 230, 255, 399, 416–20, 423, 428, 429, 436, 449, 475–76, 479, 481, 501–2, 508, 515–16, 520–21, 527–28, 541, 546–47, 549-50, 554
Stalin and, 421, 422
Maring (Hendrik Sneevliet), 88, 106, 112
Marseilles, 47, 49, 82, 380–81
Marshall, George C., 404, 406, 412, 423
Marxism, 53, 63, 70, 120, 137, 154–55, 165, 576
Ho and, 64, 68, 74, 123–24, 375, 570
Vietnamese and, 114–16
Mathews, H. Freeman, 341
Mayer, René, 446
Meiji, Emperor, 26, 35
Mekong River delta, 215, 277, 314, 376, 413, 518, 551
Mendès-France, Pierre, 459, 463
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