The History of the Hobbit

by John D. Rateliff

Gollum 55, 154–61, 164–8, 185–7, 200, 732–45, 747–8, & passim.

  —described in Baynes essay 186–7

  —origin of name (onomatopoeia) 57, 155

  —pictured in FCL xviii

  Gondolin (elven city) 84, 119, 122–3, 132, 136, 137, 141, 153, 155, 163, 220–2, 325, 392, 415, 432–4, 502, 527–8, 541, 609, 675, 701, 836

  Gondor 62, 144, 225, 270, 289, 410, 418, 453, 494, 616, 746, 807, 849

  Gorbo the Snerg 47. See Wyke-Smith, E. A.

  Gordon, E. V. 147, 151, 261, 284, 291, 449, 516, 707, 751, 881

  Gordon, George 881, 889–90

  Goths (Germanic tribe) 19, 42, 194, 278–9, 291–2, 451, 652

  —Gothic (language) 57, 275–6, 278, 280, 284–5, 291–2, 336, 453, 605–6, 615–16

  Grahame, Kenneth (author) 45–46, 58–59, 148, 281, 287, 462, 517, 526, 707, 837

  —First Whisper of ‘The Wind in the Willows’ 58

  —The Golden Age 148, 837

  —‘The Reluctant Dragon’ 517, 526

  —The Wind in the Willows 45–6, 58–9, 256, 281, 287, 462, 707

  Gram Hill 8; earlier name for Mount Gram.

  The Great Dragons: see Dragons.

  Great Goblin 43, 132–3, 136, 139–40, 149, 205, 218, 235, 375, 464, 670, 709. Also The Goblin King 136, 163.

  The Great Lands (= Beleriand & Middle-earth) 24, 26, 248, 772

  The Great Mill 89, 98, 106–7, 110, 690, 699, 814

  Green Brother, Fr. Christmas’s 269, 697

  Green Fields of Fellin: see Battle of the Green Fields of Fellin.

  ‘Green Great Dragon’: see ‘The Dragon’s Visit’.

  The Green Man (inn in Bywater) 98, 106, 699; changed to The Green Dragon Inn 106–7, 110, 699, 814.

  Green, Roger Lancelyn (student of JRRT) 65, 245, 253, 421, 851, 858–60

  Greeves, Arthur (friend of CSL) xvii, xix, xxii

  Grettir’s Saga 110

  ‘The Grey Annals’: see ‘Annals of Beleriand’.

  The Grey Mountains 21, 81, 487–9, 527–8, 656, 675–6, 706, 779, 785–6

  Griffiths, Elaine (student of JRRT) xxxviii, xl, 635, 637, 693–4, 702, 881–2

  Grimm, Jacob (philologist) 104, 110, 169–70, 277–8, 290–1, 403, 488, 605–6, 611, 615–16

  Grimm, Wilhelm (fairy-tale writer): see The Brothers Grimm.

  Grove, Jennie 881, 887

  Gueroult, Denys: see BBC Radio interview.

  Gulliver’s Travels (Swift) 58. See Lilliputians.

  Gyges: see Ring of Gyges.

  Gylfaginning (‘The Deluding of Gylfi’) 168, 172, 444, 455, 615, 706, 866, 868–71; see The Prose Edda.

  Hadley, Florence Tolkien (aunt of JRRT) 881, 884

  Haigh, Walter E. (A New Glossary of the Dialect of the Huddersfield District) 56, 109, 137, 263

  Hammond, Wayne G. xxxiv, xxxv–xxxvi, 25, 185, 187–8, 284, 285, 292, 317, 357, 519, 524, 539–40, 560, 693–5, 723, 749, 873, 877, 878

  —Descriptive Bibliography xxi, xxviii, & passim.

  Hammond & Scull 110, 266, 284, 285, 292, 333, 539, 719. See also Hammond, Wayne G.; Scull, Christina.

  Harshaw, Ruth (interviewer of JRRT) xiv

  Hávamál 15, 24, 42, 706. See also Elder Edda.

  Havard, Dr. ‘Humphrey’ (Inkling) xxxix, 636

  Heidreks Saga (The Saga of King Heidrek the Wise) 42, 77, 85, 168–9, 173–4, 188, 192, 522, 706, 708

  Heimsókn 59, 256, 281

  Helgaqviða Hjorvarðzsonar 103. See also Elder Edda.

  Hercules (mythological hero) 343, 559

  High-Elven 62; see Quenya.

  Hill, Joy (Tolkien’s secretary) 3, 5, 60

  The Hill 28–30, 36, 38, 45–6, 98, 106, 474, 510, 521, 531, 539, 566, 614, 699, 770–3, 815, 818

  Hill of Himring 20, 266

  Hindu Kush (mountain range) 9, 17, 43

  ‘The History of Eriol’ (BLT II) 100, 329

  ‘A History of the Gnomes’ xxxix: see Quenta Silmarillion (1937 Quenta).

  The History of Middle-earth series xxxii-xxxiii, xxxv, & passim.

  ‘The Hoard’ (ATB poem 14) 75, 85, 527, 529, 533, 543, 596–7

  Hobbits 29, 58, 91–2, 768–9, 846–9, 850, & passim.

  —origin of the word ‘hobbit’ xiii-xvii, xxxvii, 851–65

  Hobyahs 860–3

  The ‘Home Manuscript’ xxv, xxxviii, 19, 435, 635, 637–8, 642, 676

  Hostetter, Carl (Tolkien linguist) xxxv, 64, 152, 284–5, 290, 423, 853

  Houghton Mifflin Company (American publisher) 17, 169, 185, 188, 444, 560, 613, 765, 782

  Hrolf Kraki’s Saga 256–61, 282, 449

  H-S (= Hammond-Scull); indicates a piece of art reproduced in Artist & Illustrator.

  Huan the Hound 20, 218, 326

  Humans: see Men.

  Hunnewell, Gary xxxv, 188, 286

  Huns 19, 25, 42, 279, 292, 451

  Húrin (father of Túrin, earlier Úrin) 63, 125, 412, 557, 686

  Hy Breasail 26. See also Broceliand.

  Icelandic Legends: see Norse Mythology.

  ‘Ides Ælfscýne’ (Old English poem by JRRT) 57, 59, 121, 402, 427, 865. See also Songs for the Philologists.

  Idril (elven princess) 59, 122, 864

  Ilúvatar (God) 60, 62, 78, 81–2, 139, 148–9, 173, 227, 433, 721–2

  ‘Imram’ (poem by JRRT) 266, 427–8; see also 419.

  Imrazôr the Númenorean 59, 864–5

  Incledon, Marjorie 881–2

  Incledon, Mary 881–3

  Indrafangs (Longbeards) 22, 77–9, 86, 431, 598. One of the two kindreds of the Dwarves; later Durin’s folk. See Longbeards.

  The Inklings xxxix, xl, 25, 193, 219, 344, 546, 636, 740, 878

  —The Hobbit read to group before publication xxxviii, 635

  —origins of group xxxix, 546, 636

  See also Barfield, Owen; Coghill, Nevill; Dundas-Grant, James; Dyson, Hugo; Havard, Humphrey; Fox, Adam; Lewis, C. S.; Lewis, Warnie; Tolkien, Christopher; Tolkien, J. R. R.; Williams, Charles; Wrenn, Charles.

  Irish (language & myth) 26, 247, 262, 419, 424, 427, 713

  The Iron Hills 18, 81, 478, 488, 594, 654, 658, 662, 671, 676, 702, 705, 706, 708, 778, 786, 805, 822

  ‘The Istari’ (1954 essay by JRRT) 48–50, 270, 272, 275, 697

  Istari (the Five Wizards) 49–50, 270, 272–5, 289, 451, 697

  —as angels 49–50, 270

  ‘Iúmonna Gold Galdre Bewunden’ (poem by JRRT; earlier version of ‘The Hoard’) 75, 376, 543–4, 596–7

  Ivernian (language) 713, 853–4

  ‘Jabberwocky’ (Carroll) 65, 368

  Jacobs, Joseph 51, 860–62, 865

  ‘Jack and the Beanstalk’ (English fairytale) 61, 145, 374

  ‘Jack the Giant Killer’ (English folktale) 61, 145, 374

  Jason (mythological hero) 343

  Jennings, Aileen (& Elizabeth) xxxviii, 635, 637, 881, 883–4

  The Jewish People

  —as template for the Dwarves 79–80, 86, 757

  —Jewish calendar’s influence on dwarven calendar 123

  —Tolkien’s opposition to Anti-Semitism 86–7

  Jocelyn of Brakelond (medieval chronicler) 80

  Jones, Gwyn 57, 179, 194, 257–9, 281–2, 494

  J.R.R. Tolkien: Artist & Illustrator: see Artist & Illustrator.

  Kalevala (Lönnrot)

  —and riddle-contests 168, 188

  —as literary model 26, 537

  —as recovered mythology 181, 278

  —Kalevala metre 65

  Keightley, Thomas (folklorist) 425–7, 842, 845, 846

  Khazad-dûm 80, 432, 614, 676; Dwarven name for Moria.

  Khuzdul (language) 80, 606, 675. Affinities to Hebrew 80.

  Kilbride, K. M. 881–2

  Kilby, Clyde S. xxxv, xl, 64, 463–4

  Kili (dwarf): see Fili & Kili.

  ‘King Sheave’ (HME V) 77, 282

  King under the Mountain passim. See Fimbulfambi, Thror, Thorin Oakenshield, Dain.

&
nbsp; The Kingdom under the Mountain passim.

  Knatchbull-Huggesson, E. H. (Stories for My Children) 148, 396, 860, 863, 864

  ‘Knocking at the Door’ (‘The Mewlips’, poem by JRRT) 60, 370, 376–7. See also Bimble Bay.

  Kocher, Paul 542, 565

  Kreutzwald, Friedrich (‘Der Norlands Drache’/‘The Dragon of the North’) 181–2

  Kullervo: see ‘The Story of Kullervo’, Kalevala.

  La Belle Dame Sans Merci 57, 59, 402

  Lake Town 19, 371, 382, 435–50, 547–9. See also Esgaroth, Esgaron.

  Lang, Andrew 103, 151, 180–81, 194, 421, 484, 491, 503, 538, 859, 860

  Langobards: see Lombards.

  The Last Desert in the East 40, 43

  ‘The Lay of Aotrou and Itroun’ (Breton lay by JRRT) 281–2, 400–2, 425–6, 853

  ‘The Lay of the Children of Húrin’ (HME III) 62, 409, 417–20, 434, 487, 558, 566, 616, 710

  ‘The Lay of the Fall of Gondolin’ (HME III) 24–25, 675

  ‘The Lay of Leithian’ (HME III) xxxiii, xxxix, 15, 19–20, 25, 26, 82–84, 105, 139, 143, 175, 218, 221,–2, 253, 324–5, 331–2, 341, 407, 410–11, 416, 421, 430, 529–30, 566, 607, 710–11, 716, 878

  Le Morte D’Arthur (Malory): see Arthurian legend.

  ‘Leaf by Niggle’ (LBN) xxi, 46, 152, 723

  Lee, Alan (illustrator) xxxiii, 192

  Letters from Father Christmas: see Father Christmas Letters.

  Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien xxxiii & passim. Abbreviated Letters.

  Lewis, C. S. (Inkling) xvii–xviii, xix, xxii, xxxviii–xxxix, 4, 59, 144, 149, 150, 179, 193, 194, 341, 343–4, 536, 544–6, 636, 838, 853, 859, 872, 878, 883

  —critiques story 59, 256, 281, 563

  —The Discarded Image 152, 723, 848, 853

  —reads manuscript of The Hobbit before publication xv–xvi, xvii–xviii, xix, xxii, xxxviii–xxxix, 635, 637, 693, 704, 881–2

  Lewis, Sinclair (author) xv, xxxvii, 59

  Lewis, Major ‘Warnie’ (Inkling) xxxix, 152, 636

  The Lhammas (HME V) 27, 406, 429, 675, 721, 722

  Life and Legend: J. R. R. Tolkien: Life and Legend (Bodleian Exhibition Catalogue): see Priestman, Judith.

  Lilliputians 29, 45

  Linguaphone Institute 43

  Linwë 85, 411: earlier name for Tinwelint.

  Lineseys, The 881, 886–7

  Lofting, Hugh (Dr. Dolittle series) 266–8, 286–7, 462, 694, 707

  Lombards (Germanic tribe) 77, 80, 194–5, 279, 282, 448, 699–700. Also known as Langobards.

  The Lonely Isle: see Tol Eressëa.

  The Lonely Mountain passim; see also The Mountain. Originally The Black Mountain.

  Longbeards (Indrafangs) 22, 77–81, 116, 431–2, 706. One of the two Kindreds of the Dwarves; Durin’s Folk.

  The Long Lake 19, 435–6, 443, 548, and passim.

  The Long Marshes 244, 294, 297, 370, 443, & passim.

  Lord Dunsany (fantasy author): see Dunsany, Lord.

  ‘Lord Nann and the Korrigan’: see ‘The Lay of Aotrou and Itroun’.

  The Lord of the Rings (LotR) xxxiii & passim.

  The Lost Road (unfinished novel by JRRT) xxxiii, xxxix, 77, 147–8, 279, 282, 340, 403, 419, 447, 530–1, 686, 695, 699–700

  Lost Tales: see The Book of Lost Tales. The Lost Tales period: 1917–1920.

  LotR: see The Lord of the Rings.

  Lovecraft, H. P. (‘The Dunwich Horror’) 64, 183

  Lucky Number, Mr. 40, 44, 246, 297, 374, 522, 533, 747

  —the role of luck in the story 97, 105, 127, 158–9, 201, 204, 230, 243–4, 246, 294–6, 308–9, 312–14, 353, 383, 387–8, 480, 504–5, 509–10, 522, 541, 578–9, 681, 800–1

  Lúthien Tinúviel (daughter of Thingol, wife of Beren) 77, 83–4, 119, 123, 138, 143, 221–2, 410, 415, 430–1, 529, 696, 710–11, 787

  —and Silmaril/Nauglafring 63, 413, 598

  —golden-haired 407

  —overthrows Necromancer 20, 73, 83, 123, 218, 716–17

  —union with Beren 59, 122, 410, 415, 864

  see also: ‘The Lay of Leithian’, ‘The Tale of Tinúviel’.

  The Mabinogion (more properly, The Four Branches of the Mabinogi & other medieval Welsh tales) 57, 120, 147, 178–9, 182, 193–4, 259, 281, 356, 398, 402, 423–4, 426–7, 490, 494

  —‘Culhwch and Olwen’ 194, 490, 494

  —‘The Dream of Macsen Wledig’ 147

  —‘The Dream of Rhonabwy’ 57, 147

  —‘The Lady of the Fountain’ 178–9, 182

  —‘Pwyll Prince of Dyfed’ (First Branch of the Mabinogi) 193–4, 259, 356, 398, 402–3, 426

  Macaulay, Thomas Babington (Lays of Ancient Rome) 336, 344

  MacDonald, George (author) xvii, 139–42, 148, 149, 224, 299, 463–4, 707, 856, 859

  —as source for Tolkien’s goblins 140–42, 149, 299, 856

  Mad Baggins: see Baggins, Bilbo.

  Magol (invented language) 710, 787

  Maiar 49–51, 59, 81–2, 139, 149, 269–70, 273, 329, 431, 451, 711, 838. See also Balrog, Boldog, Fays, Istari.

  —Great Orcs as bred from Maiar: see Boldog.

  —possible progenitors of dragons 542

  Malory, Sir Thomas (author): see Arthurian legend.

  Mandos (Vala) 81, 433

  —the Halls of Mandos 81, 415, 433, 720, 722

  The Man-in-the-Moon (wizard) 50, 188–9, 341, 528, 697

  Manwë (Vala) 26, 78, 148, 226–7, 392

  —the Eagles of Manwë or Messengers of Manwë 215, 220, 222–3, 274, 623

  —the Halls of Manwë 26, 226

  —the Son of Manwë 314: see Fionwë.

  Map, Walter (author) 398–9, 421, 425–6

  Marie de France (author) 356, 398, 401–2

  Marion E. Wade Collection (Wheaton College): see Wade Center.

  Marmaduke: see Brandybuck, Marmaduke.

  Marq.: designates manuscript material in the Tolkien Collection at Marquette University Special Collections (Marquette Archives).

  Marquette Tolkien Conferences 64, 766–7

  Marquette University Special Collections (Marquette Archives) xi, xxv–xxvii, xxix–xxxi, xxxv, xli, 186, 188, 227, 357, 361, 694

  —Marquette’s acquisition of Tolkien Manuscripts xxxi, 4–5, 6, 829

  The Marvellous Land of Snergs: see Wyke-Smith, E. A.

  Medwed/Beorn 229–43, 247–8, 293, 296, 366, 629–30, 679–80, 682, & passim.

  —and Bothvar Bjarki 256–60, 281

  —‘let bear be enchanted’ 231–2, 247, 293, 629

  —name-change to ‘Beorn’ 293, 301, 366, 629, 679

  —origin of name 275, 282

  Meiggs, Russell 889

  Melian (Maia, wife of Thingol, mother of Lúthien) 59, 138, 222, 410–16, 430–1, 599, 623. Earlier names include Wendelin 414–15; Gwendelin(g) 415, 431, 599; and Tindriel the Fay 415.

  Melko 60, 62–63: earlier name for Melkor.

  Melkor the Morgoth (Dark Lord, fallen Vala; earlier name: Melko) 12, 18, 20, 25, 76, 78, 81–3, 85–6, 100, 108, 122–3, 136–9, 144, 148–9, 215, 218, 220–2, 227, 274, 326–9, 340–1, 392, 433, 460, 486, 488, 492, 529–32, 542, 565, 573, 598, 605–6, 608–9, 709–11, 716–17. See also Children of Morgoth.

  —a time between Dark Lords 530–1

  Men (as race) 50, 205, 382, 436–41, 450–3, & passim.

  —‘Mortal Men’ 71, 86, 122, 645, 654, 720

  —use of term to mean nonhumans (dwarves, elves, wizards, &c) 50, 872–7

  Menegroth (‘The Thousand Caves’, Thingol’s halls in Doriath) 137, 325, 409, 419, 430, 561

  Merry (hobbit): see Brandybuck, Merry.

  ‘The Mewlips’ (ATB poem 9): see ‘Knocking at the Door’.

  Michael’s Typescript xxv–xxvii: see Second Typescript.

  Middle-earth passim.

  —as our Earth 17–18, 43, & passim.

  —identification of Bilbo’s world with that of the legendarium 17–22 & passim.

  The Midgard
Serpent (Miðgarðsormr) 531–2, 540

  Midsummer/Midsummer’s Eve 31, 115–16, 201, 212, 214, 272, 481, 771, 818, 821, 826–30, 833–4, 836, 838

  Milne, A. A. (author) 58, 707

  Mîm the Fatherless (dwarven patriarch) 63, 78–9, 86, 597–9, 613, 617

  —origin(s) of name: Mimir (Norse god) 86; Mime (Wagnerian character) 86.

  Mills, Stella 881, 887–8

  Mines of Moria: see Moria.

  Mirkwood xi, 15, 19–21, 44, 242–4, 294, 303–16, 325–6, 333–4, 347–54 & passim.

  —identification with Taur-na-Fuin 20–21, 219, 331, 333 & passim.

  —origin of name 19

  The Misty Mountains 111, 117, 126–9, 198 & passim.

  Mitchell, Chris (archivist) xxxv, xxxvi

  Mithrandir (Sindarin name for Gandalf the wizard) 49, 53, 783

  Mithrellas (elf-maiden) 59, 864–5

  Mitton, Mabel Tolkien (aunt of JRRT) 881, 884

  Mole End 45

  Mordor 62, 150, 272, 332, 418, 492, 530, 531, 564, 711

  Morgoth: see Melkor the Morgoth.

  Moria, the Mines of 73, 80–1, 105, 216, 262, 267, 326, 338, 340, 477–8, 670–1, 695, 705, 712, 751, 779–80, 804–5, 807, 810–11

  —as ancestral home of Durin’s Folk 80, 432, 614–15, 676, 709, 754

  —as a goblin-kingdom 80, 629, 709

  —location of 80–1, 793, 804, 805

  —origin of name 99, 564

  Morris, Kenneth (The Book of Three Dragons) 526

  Morris, William (author) xvii, 15, 18, 19, 25–6, 45, 55, 226, 451–2, 462, 484–5, 491–2, 500, 502–3, 521, 537, 543, 599, 611, 685, 838

  —The Earthly Paradise 26 (as model for BLT frame narrative), 226

  —The House of the Wolfings 19, 256, 451–2, 462

  —The Roots of the Mountains 26, 451

  —Sigurd the Volsung (The Story of Sigurd the Volsung and the Fall of the Niblungs) 484–5, 491–2, 500, 503

  —The Tale of Beowulf 543

  —Völsunga Saga 452, 484–5, 491, 502–3, 521, 599, 611, 685

  Mortal Men: see Men (as race).

  Morwen (mother of Túrin) 62, 611–12. Earlier known as Mavwin, Morwin.

  Mother Goose 61, 179, 865; see also nursery rhyme.

  Mount Gram (goblin stronghold) 8, 39, 43, 712, 776, 804. Earlier called Gram Hill.

  Mountain, Grace Tolkien (aunt of JRRT) 881, 883

  The Mountain 9, 12, 40, 70–73 & passim: The Lonely Mountain.

  The Mountain of the World 21, 26; see Taniquetil.

  Mr. Badger 45, 58–59, 256

  Mr. Bliss xxxix, 3–4, 6, 46, 63, 168, 254, 462, 694

  Nain (dwarf)

  —brother to Thrain 708