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Unreal City: Las Vegas, Black Mesa, and the Fate of the West

Page 35

by Nies, Judith

Independent Diné Nation, 209–210, 215, 223

  Long Walk (1864), 28, 64, 130–131

  oil leases, 33

  payments for water use, 53

  relocation, 28–29, 36, 38–41, 59, 64, 82, 129–133, 204–206, 224–225, 227–228

  reservation boundary issue, 27–29, 82, 87–91, 125, 224

  reservation establishment, 65, 133–134

  resistance, 32, 206, 209, 234

  treaty, 133

  tribal council, 33, 78–79, 215, 225, 228–229

  uranium mining, 192, 196, 216

  voting by, 21

  water supply, 53–55

  Navajo and Hopi Land Settlement Act, 28–29

  Navajo aquifer, 53, 120

  Navajo Campaign, 131

  Navajo Country (map), 63, 65

  Navajo Generating Station, 40, 52, 93, 126, 177, 203, 207

  Navajo Mountain, 23, 38

  Navajo Office of Economic Development, 227

  Navajo Tribal Council, 78–79, 215, 225, 228–229

  Nellis, Joe (war hero), 193

  Nellis Air Force Base, 6, 7, 193–194, 197

  Nephites, 104

  Nevada Club, 52

  Nevada Education Fund, 184

  Nevada Gaming Commission, 181–182

  Nevada Gaming Control Board, 181

  Nevada Power, 57

  Nevada Test and Training Range, 194

  Nevada Test Site, 6, 160, 161, 194, 216

  New Mexico Territory, 129

  Newcomen, Thomas (steam engine inventor), 73–74

  Newmont Mining, 202

  Nixon, Richard M., 25, 202, 221

  Northern Nevada Water Pipeline Project, 188

  Nuclear power, 71, 194–197, 200–201

  Nuclear testing, 160, 193, 195, 201

  Nuclear waste disposal, 201

  Obama, Barack, 156

  O’Callaghan, Mike (governor), 181, 186

  O’Harra, H. E. (Indian agent), 80

  Oil, 192–193

  Oil construction business, 191

  Oil leases, 33

  Oklahoma’s Indian Territory, 63

  101 Club, 46

  O’Neill, Tip (congressman), 117

  Oraibi (Hopi village), 121–122, 124

  Oregon Trail, 96–97

  Organized crime, 15–18, 23, 45

  Oriental Park Racetrack Casino, 9

  Osmond, Donny (entertainer), 3

  Osmond, Marie (entertainer), 3

  Otis, Harrison (publisher), 165, 169

  Overton, Nevada, 5, 166–168

  Owens, Kit (public relations director), 56

  Owens, Wayne (congressman), 28, 134, 227

  Owens Valley, 7, 164–166, 184–187

  Oxcart, 7, 197–199

  Pacific Bridge, 146

  Paiute Indians, 138–140, 222

  Panitch, Mark (journalist), 127

  Paradise, Nevada, 11

  Park City Railroad, 86

  Parker-Keam line, 134

  Parlow, Anita (author), 83

  Parrish, Lorraine “Rain” (Navajo social worker), 221

  Peabody, Francis (coal company founder), 76–77

  Peabody Coal

  Black Mesa coal and, 29, 53, 56, 58

  founding and early years of, 76–78

  Hanson Ltd and, 229–233

  Hopi-Navajo dispute pamphlet, 134

  John Boyden and, 92

  Kennecott Copper and, 86, 125–126, 202

  political presence of, 203

  purchase by Bechtel, 202–203

  Sentry Royalty Company leases, 125

  Peabody Holding, 202

  Peaches, Daniel (Navajo legislator), 40, 235

  Pearl Street Generating Station, 66

  Perea, Gary (committee member), 185

  Perlstein, Rick (author), 19

  Phoenix

  growth pattern of, 48

  per person water consumption, 179

  Valley National Bank of Phoenix, 15, 90, 116

  water supply for, 177–179

  Pine Ridge Reservation, South Dakota, 121

  Pittman, Key (governor), 12

  Plains Indians, 96–97

  Playboy resort, 189

  Plaza (casino), 237, 239

  Pollution

  from coal burning, 73

  Grand Canyon smog, 56–57

  in London, 73

  from Mohave Generating Station, 56–58

  particulate, 166

  Polygamy, 93, 94, 97–98, 106–107, 109–110

  Powder River Basin, 85

  Powers, Francis Gary (U-2 pilot), 197

  Profiles in Courage (Kennedy), 118

  Prohibition, 150, 151

  Prostitution, 150, 153, 190

  Pumping station for Colorado River, 40–41

  Putnam, Frederick (museum director), 103

  Pyramid Lake, 222

  The Quest (Yergin), 69–70

  The Quiet Crisis (Udall), 115, 118

  Rachel, Nevada, 199

  Railroad

  construction, 147–148, 153–154

  Las Vegas and, 137, 139–140, 142–143

  Railroad Pass, 6

  Rainfall, annual in Las Vegas, 4, 5

  Range war, 126–128, 203–204

  Rare Metal (mining company), 216

  Rayburn, Sam (congressman), 117–118

  Reagan, Ronald, 25, 182, 204

  Rehnquist, William (Supreme Court justice), 26

  Reid, Harry (senator), 13, 180–182, 184, 186, 188, 239, 240

  Reisner, Marc (author), 165, 209

  Reservations

  Executive Order Reservation (1882), 66, 84, 87, 89, 126–127, 134, 204

  legal definition of, 59

  mineral reserves beneath, 192, 204, 206, 225

  Sioux Indian, 64, 121

  Ribicoff, Abraham (senator), 196

  Riverside hotel-casino, 52

  Rocky Ridge School, 54

  Roessel, Ruth (author), 130

  Rogers, William P. (as US Attorney General), 91

  Roman, James (author), 151

  Romney, Miles (prominent Mormon), 109, 186

  Romney, Mitt (Mormon presidential candidate), 109

  Roosevelt, Franklin D., 145, 155, 158

  Roosevelt, Theodore, 165, 169

  Rosenzweig, Harry (jeweler/Goldwater fundraiser), 19, 20, 22

  Rugs, Navajo, 30, 32

  Salt Lake City, Mormon arrival in, 108

  Salt River Project, 57, 178

  Salton Sea, 168

  San Fernando Valley, California, 165, 169

  San Francisco, homeless population of, 241

  Sandia National Laboratories, 7

  Sands (casino), 13

  Saudi Arabia, 192–193

  Scavenger mine, 197

  Schlosser, Eric (author), 195

  Scrip (company paper), 154, 157

  Second Mesa, 34

  Sedway, Moe (mobster), 10–11, 13

  Segerblom, Gene (assemblywoman), 181

  Sekaquaptewa, Abbott (Hopi tribal chairman), 35, 81, 83, 112–113, 118, 126–128

  Sekaquaptewa, Emory, Jr. (Hopi), 112–113, 119, 234

  Sekaquaptewa, Emory, Sr. (Hopi), 80–81, 112, 122–124

  Sekaquaptewa, Helen (Hopi), 111–114, 118–125

  childhood of, 120, 122–124

  family of, 118–119

  Me and Mine: The Life Story of Helen Sekaquaptewa (Sekaquaptewa and Udall), 113–114

  Seminoles, 97

  Senate Special Committee to Investigate Organized Crime in Interstate Commerce, 15–18, 45

  Sentry Royalty Company, 78, 125

  Shea, Charlie (contractor), 145

  Sheep reduction, 32, 33, 36, 39, 79, 226

  Sheepherding, incompatibility with strip mining, 41

  Sherman, William Tecumseh (general), 132–133

  Shia, Thomas (bank official), 116

  Shoshone Indians, 86–87

  Shultz, George (Bechtel president/cabinet officer), 202–204
<
br />   Sibley, Henry Hopkins (general), 129

  Sidney, Ivan (Hopi chairman), 206

  Siegel, Ben “Bugsy” (gangster)

  Flamingo and, 8, 9, 11, 15

  murder of, 11, 15

  Sierra Club, 176–177, 216

  Sinatra, Frank (entertainer), 13, 181–182

  Sioux Indians, 64, 120–121

  Sitting Bull (Sioux chief), 120–121

  Six Companies, 145–146, 149, 153–157, 191

  Slender, Desbah (Navajo), 219

  Smith, Joseph (Mormon leader), 95, 97–101, 105–107

  Smith, Katherine (Navajo activist), 209

  Smith, Margaret Chase (senator), 23

  Smith, William (brother of Joseph Smith), 106

  Smith, William French (as US attorney general), 182

  Smog

  in Grand Canyon, 56–57

  in London, 73, 75

  Snake Valley, Nevada, 185

  Southern California Edison, 47, 57, 58

  Southern California Institute for Natural Resources, 34

  Southern Indian Development Institute, 22

  Southern Nevada Water Authority, 7, 164, 183–185, 187, 239

  Spraker, Anne (librarian), 57

  Spring Valley, Nevada, 184–185

  Springs, of Las Vegas area, 139–140

  Springs Preserve Park, 141

  Spy planes, 7, 197–199

  Squires, Pop (editor), 170

  St. George, Nevada, 186

  Standard Oil of California, 33, 87, 191–192

  Stanton, Edwin (secretary of war), 132

  Stardust casino-resort, 153

  Steam engine, 73–74

  Steam shovel, 148

  Steck, Michael (Indian superintendent 1860s), 132

  Steel smelting, 76

  Stegner, Wallace (author), 207, 242

  Steiger, Sam (congressman), 37, 227

  Stephen, A. M. (surveyor), 65

  Stewart, Helen (rancher), 137–139, 141

  Stone, I. F. (journalist), 194–195

  Stone and Webster (contractor), 196

  Stralla, Anthony. See Cornero, Tony

  Stralla, Frank and Louis (casino owners), 151–153

  Strategic Air Command, 195

  Stratosphere (casino), 190

  Strip mining, coal, 29, 40–41, 49, 51, 58, 119, 204, 229–231–232

  Strontium 90, 201

  Stupak, Nevada (Las Vegas resident), 190

  Suicide, 241

  Sulfates, 37, 41

  Sulfur, in coal, 72, 73

  Summerlin, Nevada, 14, 15, 48, 183

  Sumner, Charles (senator), 131–132

  Sun City, 15

  Sustainability, 3, 4

  Talasnimka (wife of Chief Toova), 111, 113

  Taos Pueblo, New Mexico, 222

  Tarantino, Frederick (president of Bechtel Nevada), 161

  Taxes, in Nevada, 240–241

  Tennessee Valley Authority, 202

  Territory of Arizona (map), 63, 65

  Third Mesa, 111, 124

  Tiffany, Louis (designer), 62

  Tithing, 107

  To Lead and to Serve (Green), 121

  Tolicha Peak Electronic Combat Range, 7

  Tonopah Test Range, 7

  Toova (Hopi Chief), 111, 113

  Trading post

  Dinnebito Trading Post, 30–33

  functions of, 32–33

  Treasure Island (casino), 163, 190

  Treaties, 133, 220

  Truman, Harry S., 144

  Tuba City, Arizona, 108, 110, 111, 214–216

  Tucson

  per person water consumption, 179

  water supply for, 177–179

  Twain, Mark (author), 141

  U-2 planes, 7, 197, 199

  Udall, Levi (judge), 116–117

  Udall, Louise (author), 114, 119–120

  Udall, Morris (congressman), 114, 116–117, 228

  Udall, Nicholas (mayor), 19, 117

  Udall, Stewart (secretary of interior), 90–91, 95, 114–119, 177, 196, 206

  UFOs, 197–199

  Union Pacific Railroad, 169

  United Nations, 210, 215, 234

  United Order, 97, 107

  Upper Basin, 170

  Uranium, 192, 196, 216

  US Fish and Wildlife Service, 187

  Utah Construction, 143–145

  Utah International, 51, 207

  Utah Territory, 107, 109–110

  Ute Indians, 78, 82–83, 87, 89–90

  Valley National Bank of Phoenix, 15, 90, 116

  Valley of Fire State Park, 168

  Venetian, 163, 189

  Venturi, Robert (architect/author), 243

  Vietnam War, 200, 207

  Vishnu Schist, 57

  Volstead Act, 150

  Voting, by Native Americans, 21, 22–23, 30–31

  Walker, Lucy (wife of Joseph Smith), 99

  Warren, Earl (Supreme Court justice), 10

  Warren Construction, 146

  Water

  for coal-slurry pipeline, 34–35, 37, 53–55

  Colorado River Compact, 143

  contamination from coal mining, 29, 37, 41

  desalinization, 46, 179

  displays in Las Vegas, 163

  electricity for pumping of, 70

  pumped by steam engines, 73–74

  units of measurement for, 143

  Water level

  groundwater and coal-slurry pipeline, 53–55

  of Lake Mead, 5, 7, 167–168, 171–175, 187–188, 238–239

  Water supply

  for Black Mesa, 37

  for Hopi villages, 36, 53–55, 79

  for Las Vegas, 6–7, 139, 164, 183–188, 238–239

  for Los Angeles, 164–166, 169, 171, 184

  Water treatment plants, 183

  Waterwheel, 73

  Watkins, Arthur (Utah senator), 88–89, 222

  Watt, James (steam engine inventor), 74

  Wattis, Edmund “E. O.” (construction company owner), 143–146, 191

  Wattis, William “W. H.” (construction company owner), 143–146, 154–155, 191

  Weavers for Life and Land, 32, 233

  Webb, Del (contractor/casino owner)

  at Desert Inn opening, 12

  Flamingo and, 15

  J. Edgar Hoover and, 13

  retirement communities, 15, 21, 26, 48

  Western Supply and Transmission, 127, 203, 207

  Wetherill, John (Indian trader), 22

  White House, 62

  White Pine County Land Bill, 186

  Whitesinger, Pauline (Navajo activist), 209

  Wiley, Peter (author), 207–208

  Wilkerson, Billy (publisher), 10–11

  Wilkinson, Ernest (lawyer), 78, 88–90, 111–112

  Williams Technologies, 49, 202

  Wilson, Edmund (author), 156

  Wilson, Thomas (Las Vegas resident), 152

  Winnebago tribe, 63

  Wister, Owen (author), 24

  Woods, Tiger (professional golfer), 190

  Wounded Knee Massacre, 121

  Wright, Howard (professor), 34–35

  Wynn, Steve (casino mogul)

  Desert Inn and, 14

  Lake Como (Bellagio), 5, 163

  in Laughlin, Nevada, 52

  Massachusetts casino, 243

  resorts, 14, 189–190

  XS (nightclub), 190

  Yergin, Daniel (author), 69–70

  Yokeoma (Hopi chief), 124

  Young, Brigham (Mormon leader), 66, 86, 100, 107–110, 140, 186

  Yucca Mountain, 160–161, 201

  Zah, Peterson (Navajo chairman), 206, 225, 228

  Zappos (online retailer), 238

  KIM INDRESANO

  JUDITH NIES is the award-winning author of three nonfiction books: The Girl I Left Behind: A Personal History of the 1960s, Nine Women: Portraits from the American Radical Tradition, and Native American History: A Chronology, which won the Phi Alpha Theta prize in i
nternational history. Nies’s journalism, book reviews, and essays have appeared in the New York Times, Boston Globe, Orion, Harvard Review, Women’s Review of Books, and American Voice. She lives in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

  Founded in 2000, Nation Books has become a leading voice in American independent publishing. The inspiration for the imprint came from the Nation magazine, the oldest independent and continuously published weekly magazine of politics and culture in the United States.

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