Empty Mansions

by Bill Dedman

  Montana, District Court of the Second Judicial District, Silver Bow County, last will and testament of William A. Clark, Jr., 1934.

  New Canaan, Connecticut, assessor records, zoning records, and minutes of the Planning and Zoning Commission, relating to 104 Dan’s Highway.

  New York, County Court, Nassau County. People of the State of New York v. Irving H. Kamsler, case 00532N-2008.

  New York, Surrogate’s Court of New York County, case 1995-1375A, the estate of Huguette M. Clark, 2011–. Beyond the material filed in court, the authors have reviewed the deposition testimony of more than fifty witnesses.

  New York, Surrogate’s Court of New York County, the last will and testament of Anna E. Clark, 1963.

  New York, Surrogate’s Court of New York County, the last will and testament of William Andrews Clark, 1925. Copy at http://​msnbcmedia.​msn.​com/​i/​msnbc/​Sections/​NEWS/​William_​Clark_​Will.​pdf.

  New York City Office of the City Register, property records related to 907 Fifth Avenue.

  New York Department of Education, Office of the Professions, disciplinary record of Irving Kamsler. License no. 030909, calendar no. 25303, action date February 8, 2011.

  Passenger ship records, via Ancestry.​com.

  Passport applications, W. A. Clark, Anna Clark, and Huguette Clark. W.A.’s application is available through Ancestry.​com. Anna and Huguette’s are among Huguette’s papers.

  Proceedings and Debates of the Constitutional Convention Held in the City of Helena, Montana, July 4th, 1889, August 17th, 1889. Helena: State Publishing, 1921.

  Reno, Nevada, Second Judicial District Court, divorce decree, William Gower and Huguette M. Clark Gower, August 11, 1930.

  Rouen, France, records for the Cemetery Monumental, tomb of Etienne A. de Villermont.

  Santa Barbara County, California, marriage license for William Gower and Huguette Marcelle Clark, August 18, 1929.

  Santa Barbara County, California, Treasurer–Tax Collector, records relating to 1407 East Cabrillo Boulevard.

  U.S. Census records for 1870, 1880, 1900, 1910, 1920, 1930, 1940.

  U.S. Congress. Report of the Committee on Privileges and Elections of the United States Senate Relative to the Right and Title of William A. Clark to a Seat as Senator from the State of Montana. 56th Cong., 1st sess. 3 vols. Washington, DC, 1900.

  U.S. Congress. “Resignation Remarks of Senator W. A. Clark.” Congressional Record. 56th Cong., 1st sess. Vol. 33, May 15, 1899.

  Woodlawn Cemetery, the Bronx, New York City, lot cards and records for the W. A. Clark mausoleum.

  Manuscript Collections

  Butte Silver Bow Arts Foundation, Butte, MT.

  Butte–Silver Bow Public Archives, Butte, MT.

  Clarkdale Heritage Museum, Clarkdale, AZ.

  Connellsville Area Historical Society, Connellsville, PA.

  Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, DC.

  Dunbar Historical Society, Dunbar, PA.

  Durand-Ruel & Co., Paris.

  Girl Scout National Historic Preservation Center, New York.

  Grand Lodge of Ancient Free and Accepted Masons of Montana, Helena.

  Harry S. Truman Library and Museum, Independence, MO.

  Jerome Historical Society, Jerome, AZ.

  Library of Congress, Washington, DC.

  Mark Twain Project, University of California, Berkeley.

  Montana Historical Society Research Center, Helena.

  Montecito Historical Archives, Montecito Association, CA.

  Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, Wellington, NZ.

  Museum of the City of New York, New York.

  National Archives and Records Administration, Washington, DC.

  New Canaan Historical Society, New Canaan, CT.

  New-York Historical Society, New York.

  Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff.

  Paul Clark Home, Butte, MT.

  Santa Barbara Historical Museum, Santa Barbara, CA.

  Save Our Seminary, Silver Spring, MD.

  Seeley G. Mudd Manuscript Library, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ.

  University of Nevada, Las Vegas.

  University of Virginia Law School Foundation, Charlottesville.

  William Andrews Clark Memorial Library, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA).

  World Museum of Mining, Butte, MT.

  Letters and Other Unpublished Writings

  Abascal, Elizabeth Clark. Unpublished memoir by W. A. Clark’s sister, provided by her daughters, Mary Abascal and Anita Mackenzie.

  Anderson, J. H. Letter from Anderson to John A. Stewart, March 13, 1925. Anderson was W. A. Clark’s personal secretary; Stewart worked at the Sulgrave Institution, which fostered friendship among English-speaking peoples. The letter contains a biographical sketch of Anderson’s recently deceased employer and mentions that W.A. was a supporter of the institution’s efforts.

  Beth Israel Medical Center. Medical records of Huguette Clark, 1991–2011.

  Clark, Huguette. Personal papers, including drafts of her correspondence, and letters and financial documents received. They include more than four thousand pages in French, translated for the authors by Guillaine Dale Farrell.

  Clark, W. A. “Biographical Sketch of W. A. Clark of Butte City, Montana.” General office of William A. Clark, Butte, 1893.

  ———. “Early Days in Montana: Being Some Reminiscences Dictated by Senator William A. Clark and Written Down by Frank Harmon Garver,” typewritten pages in the collection of the Montana Historical Society Research Center.

  ———. Letters to artist Paul Wayland Bartlett concerning plans for the Clark mausoleum at Woodlawn Cemetery in the Bronx, NY. Library of Congress.

  ———. Letters to W. M. Bickford, Martin Maginnis, and John S. M. Neill, collection of the Montana Historical Society Research Center.

  Clark, W. A., Jr. Letters to George John Palé.

  Grandjany, Marcel. Compositions in the collection of Kathleen Bride, Eastman School of Music, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY.

  McCord, Beverly Bonner. “The Senator’s Kin.” Unpublished article of Clark history.

  Newell, Paul Clark, Sr. Draft passages for a biography of W. A. Clark.

  Speeches

  Baeyens, André. “From Copper to Corot: The Two Lives of William Andrews Clark, Senator of Montana.” President’s Lecture Series, University of Montana, Missoula, October 10, 2005. A video is available for viewing in the Maureen and Mike Mansfield Library there.

  Clark, W. A. Address to the Semi-Centennial Celebration of the Grand Lodge of Montana, Virginia City, 1916.

  ———. Address to the Society of Montana Pioneers, Livingston, September 5–7, 1917.

  ———. Address to the Society of Montana Pioneers, Deer Lodge, 1923.

  ———. Addresses to the Society of Montana Pioneers, The Butte Miner, March 3, 1925.

  Gower, William B. “Depletion of Mines in Relation to Invested Capital.” Paper presented at Conference on Mine Taxation, Annual Convention of American Mining Congress, Denver, November 16, 1920.

  Books

  Allen, James B. The Company Town in the American West. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1966.

  Alpern, Andrew. Apartments for the Affluent: A Historical Survey of Buildings in New York. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1975.

  ———. Luxury Apartment Houses of Manhattan: An Illustrated History. New York: Dover, 1992.

  ———. The New York Apartment Houses of Rosario Candela and James Carpenter. New York: Acanthus Press, 2001.

  American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition, text revision. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 2000.

  Astle, John. Only in Butte: Stories of the Hill. Butte, MT: Holt, 2004.

  Baeyens, André. Le Sénateur Qui Aimait La France: Une Histoire des Relations Franco-Américaines. Paris: Scali, 2005.

  Barsness, Larry. Gold Camp: Alder Gu
lch and Virginia City, Montana. New York: Hastings House, 1962.

  Bettman, Otto. The Good Old Days—They Were Terrible! New York: Random House, 1974.

  Birchard, Robert S. Silent-Era Filmmaking in Santa Barbara. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2007.

  Birney, Hoffman. Vigilantes. New York: Grosset and Dunlap, 1929.

  Bond, Marshall, Jr. Adventures with Peons, Princes & Tycoons. Oakland, CA: Star Rover House, 1983.

  Brewer, James W. Jerome, A Story of Mines and Men. 15th ed. Tucson, AZ: Southwest Parks and Monuments Association, 1979.

  Bryant, William Cullen. Thanatopsis and a Forest Hymn. Boston: Joseph Knight, 1893.

  Buck, Pearl S. The Hidden Flower. New York: John Day, 1952.

  Burlingame, Merrill G. The Montana Frontier. Helena, MT: State Publishing, 1942.

  Byrkit, James W. Forging the Copper Collar: Arizona’s Labor-Management War, 1901–1921. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1982.

  Calkins, Ray, ed. Looking Back from the Hill: Recollections of Butte People. Butte, MT: Butte Historical Society, 1982.

  Callaway, Lew L. Early Montana Masons. Billings, MT: Western Litho-Print Press, 1951.

  ———. Montana’s Righteous Hangmen: The Vigilantes in Action. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1982.

  Chesarek, Frank, and Jim Brabeck, eds. Montana: Two Lane Highway in a Four Lane World. Missoula, MT: Mountain Press, 1978.

  Connolly, C. P. The Devil Learns to Vote. New York: Covici, 1938.

  Conway, William E., and Robert Stevenson. William Andrews Clark, Jr.: His Cultural Legacy. Los Angeles: William Andrews Clark Memorial Library, 1985.

  Coyle, Laura, and Dare Myers Hartwell. Antiquities to Impressionism: The William A. Clark Collection. London: Corcoran Gallery of Art, 2001.

  Craven, Wayne. Gilded Mansions. New York: W. W. Norton, 2009.

  Davis, George Wesley. Sketches of Butte, from Vigilante Days to Prohibition. Boston: Cornill, 1921.

  Dimsdale, Thomas J. The Vigilantes of Montana, or Popular Justice in the Rocky Mountains. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1953.

  Dunaway, Wayland F. The Scotch-Irish of Colonial Pennsylvania. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1944.

  Edmondson, Mary Dillon. Profiles in Leadership: A History of the Spence School, 1892–1992. West Kennebunk, ME: Phoenix, 1991.

  Egan, Timothy. The Big Burn: Teddy Roosevelt and the Fire That Saved America. Boston: Mariner Books, 2009.

  Emmons, David M. The Butte Irish: Class and Ethnicity in an American Mining Town, 1875–1925. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1989.

  Everett, George. Champagne in a Tin Cup: Uptown Butte and the Stories Behind the Facades. Butte, MT: Outback Ventures, 1995.

  Finn, David. Sculpture at the Corcoran: Photographs by David Finn. With Susan Joy Slack. Washington, DC: Ruder Finn Press, 2002.

  Freeman, Harry C. A Brief History of Butte, Montana. 1900. Reprint, Caldwell, ID: Caxton Printers, 1969.

  Gibson, Richard I. Lost Butte, Montana. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2012.

  ———. Map: Ethnic Butte. Butte, MT: Gibson Consulting, 2008.

  ———. Mining Matters: The Why, What, How, and Where of Mining. Butte, MT, 2008.

  ———, ed. Vernacular Architecture Forum, 2009: Butte and Southwest Montana. Butte, MT: Vernacular Architecture Forum, 2009.

  Glasscock, Carl Burgess. The War of the Copper Kings: Builders of Butte and Wolves of Wall Street. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1935.

  Hamilton, James McClellan. From Wilderness to Statehood: A History of Montana. Portland, OR: Binfords and Mort, 1957.

  Hedges, Cornelius. “Freemasonry in the State of Montana.” In John Milton Hodson, William H. Upton, Jonas W. Brown, and Cornelius Hedges, Masonic History of the Northwest. History Publishing, 1902. Available online at http://​www.​freemason.​com/​library/​norwst29.​htm.

  Hoffman, Hortense. Long Beach from Sand to City. Long Beach, CA: Royal Press, 1957.

  Holbrook, Stewart H. The Age of the Moguls: The Age of the Robber Barons and the Great Tycoons. New York: Random House, 1985.

  Howard, Joseph Kinsey. Montana: High, Wide, and Handsome. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1959.

  Hugo, Victor. Les Misérables. New York: Carleton, 1863.

  Hutchens, John K. One Man’s Montana: An Informal Portrait of a State. New York: J. B. Lippincott, 1964.

  Hyslop, Donald, Alastair Forsyth, and Sheila Jemima. Titanic Voices: Memories from the Fateful Voyage. Phoenix Mill, UK: Sutton, 1997.

  Important Dolls, Teddy Bears, Toys and Automata, London, Tuesday 18th May 1993. Auction catalog. London: Sotheby’s, 1993.

  James, Don. Butte’s Memory Book. Caldwell, ID: Caxton Printers, 1975.

  Jensen, Kristin H. The Diary of a Dean: Excerpts from the Private Journal of William Minor Lile. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Law Library, 2011.

  Joralemon, Ira B. Romantic Copper: Its Lure and Lore. New York: D. Appleton-Century, 1934.

  Josephson, Matthew. The Robber Barons. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1934.

  Kaplan, Fred. The Singular Mark Twain. New York: Doubleday, 1937.

  Kaplan, Justin. Mr. Clemens and Mark Twain: A Biography. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2003.

  Kathrens, Michael C. Great Houses of New York, 1880–1930. New York: Acanthus Press, 2005.

  Kearney, Pat. Butte’s Pride: The Columbia Gardens. Butte, MT: Skyhigh Communications, 1994.

  ———. Butte Voices: Mining, Neighborhoods, People. Butte, MT: Aircraft Printers, 1998.

  King, Constance Eileen. Jumeau: Prince of Dollmakers. Cumberland, MD: Hobby House Press, 1983.

  Klein, Maury. The Life and Legend of E. H. Harriman. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2000.

  Klepper, Michael, and Robert Gunther. The Wealthy 100: From Benjamin Franklin to Bill Gates—A Ranking of the Richest Americans, Past and Present. Secaucus, NJ: Carol, 1996.

  La Fontaine, Jean de. Fables of La Fontaine. Illustrated by Félix Lorioux. 1927. Reprint, New York: Dover, 2012.

  Langford, Nathaniel P. Vigilante Days and Ways: The Pioneers of the Rockies. Helena, MT: American and World Geographic, 1996.

  Lawson, Thomas W. Frenzied Finance: The Crime of Amalgamated. New York: Ridgway-Thayer, 1905.

  Lebrun, Yves, and Claudine Lebrun. Fables and Fantasies: The Art of Félix Lorioux. Washington, DC: Trust for Museum Exhibitions, 1992.

  Lewis, Sharon E. Butte Under the Hill: A Brief Introduction to Mining and Geology. Butte: Montana College of Mineral Science and Technology, 1989.

  Limerick, Patricia Nelson. The Legacy of Conquest: The Unbroken Past of the American West. New York: W. W. Norton, 1987.

  Lukas, J. Anthony. Big Trouble: A Murder in a Small Western Town Sets Off a Struggle for the Soul of America. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1997.

  Magnificent Jewels. April 17, 2012, auction catalog. New York: Christie’s, 2012.

  Malone, Michael P. The Battle for Butte: Mining and Politics on the Northern Frontier, 1864–1906. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1981.

  Malone, Michael P., and Richard B. Roeder, eds. The Montana Past: An Anthology. Missoula: University of Montana Press, 1969.

  Mangam, William D. The Clarks of Montana. Washington, DC: Service Printing, 1939.

  ———. The Clarks: An American Phenomenon. New York: Silver Bow Press, 1941.

  Marcosson, Isaac. Anaconda. New York: Dodd, Mead, 1957.

  Mather, R. E., and F. E. Boswell. Hanging the Sheriff: A Biography of Henry Plummer. Missoula: Historic Montana, 1998.

  Maugham, W. Somerset. Of Human Bondage. New York: Grosset and Dunlap, 1915.

  McCracken, Robert D. Las Vegas: The Great American Playground. Las Vegas: University of Nevada Press, 1996.

  McCutcheon, Marc. Everyday Life in the 1800s: A Guide for Writers, Students and Historians. Cincinnati: Writers Digest Books, 1993.

  McGrath, Jean, ed. Butte’s Heritage Cookbook. Butte, MT: Butte–Silver Bow Bicentennial Commission, 1976.
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  McNelis, Sarah. Copper King at War: The Biography of F. Augustus Heinze. Missoula: University of Montana Press, 1968.

  Metcalfe, June M. Copper: The Red Metal. New York: Viking Press, 1946.

  Miller, Joaquin. An Illustrated History of the State of Montana. 2 vols. Chicago: Lewis, 1894.

  Montana: Its Climate, Industries and Resources. Helena, MT: Geo. E. Boos, 1884.

  Montana Writer’s Project. Copper Camp: The Lusty Story of Butte, Montana, the Richest Hill on Earth. Helena, MT: Riverbend, 1943.

  Murphy, Clyde Francis. The Glittering Hill. New York: Doubleday, 1944.

  Murphy, Jere. The Comical History of Montana. San Diego: E. L. Scofield, 1912.

  Murphy, Mary. Mining Cultures: Men, Women, and Leisure in Butte, 1914–41. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1997.

  Myrick, David F. Montecito and Santa Barbara. Vol. 1, From Farms to Estates. Pasadena, CA: Pentrex Media Group, 1988.

  ———. Montecito and Santa Barbara. Vol. 2, The Days of the Great Estates. Glendale, CA: Trans-Angelo Books, 1991.

  O’Farrell, P. A. Butte: Its Copper Mines and Copper Kings. New York: James A. Rogers, 1899.

  O’Malley, Richard K. Mile High Mile Deep. Livingston, MT: Clark City Press, 2004.

  Pace, Dick. Golden Gulch: The Story of Montana’s Fabulous Alder Gulch. Self-published, 1962.

  Paher, Stanley W. Las Vegas: As It Began—As It Grew. Las Vegas: Nevada Publications, 1971.

  Paris, Leslie. Children’s Nature: The Rise of the American Summer Camp. New York: NYU Press, 2008.

  Pate, Alan Scott. Ningyo: The Art of the Japanese Doll. Boston: Tuttle, 2005.

  Paul, Rodman Wilson. Mining Frontiers of the Far West, 1848–1880. Rev. ed. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2001.

  Peterson, Richard H. The Bonanza Kings: The Social Origins and Business Behavior of Western Mining Entrepreneurs, 1870–1900. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1971.

  ———. Bonanza Rich: Lifestyles of the Western Mining Entrepreneurs. Moscow: University of Idaho Press, 1991.

  Pfouts, Paris Swazy. Four Firsts for a Modest Hero: The Autobiography of Paris Swazy Pfouts. Helena: Grand Lodge of Ancient Free and Accepted Masons of Montana, 1968.

  Place, Marian T. The Copper Kings of Montana. New York: Random House, 1961.