Crossfire

by Jim Marrs

  422Latona: IV.24.

  422“FBI team”: “Body of JFK Assassin Is Under Guard in FW,” Fort Worth Press, Nov. 25, 1963.

  423Groody: author’s interviews, 1979 and 1988.

  423Harrison: telephone interview with researcher Gary Mack, 1978.

  423Wade: “Oswald’s Prints Revealed on Rifle Killing Kennedy,” Dallas Times Herald, Nov. 25, 1963.

  423Drain: Hurt, p. 109.

  423Question over palm print: FBI memo, Rosen to Belmont, Aug. 28, 1964 (FBI 105–82555 4814).

  424Day: XXVI.829.

  424Wecht: HSCA VII.200.

  425No significant differences: Hurt, p. 80.

  425Hoover: HSCA 1.558.

  425Guinn: Hurt, p. 83.

  426Western Cartridge: XXVI.62.

  426Fithian: HSCA 1.557.

  427Times article on Guinn: Lane, pp. 152–153.

  427Grossly flawed analysis: Sherry P. Fiester, Enemy of the Truth: Myth, Forensics, and the Kennedy Assassination, Southlake, TX, JFK Lancer Publications, 2012, p. 166.

  427Bag touching blanket: Curry, pp. 88–89.

  429Stroughton on limousine: Trask, p. 42.

  429Connally’s clothing: Penn Jones Jr., Forgive My Grief II, Midlothian, Midlothian Mirror, 1967, pp. 77–79.

  Questionable Backyard Photos

  430Oswald to Fritz: WC Report, p. 608.

  431Committee: HSCA 11.358–359.

  431Hester: “Dallas Man Claims FBI Had Oswald Film,” Fort Worth Star-Telegram, Sept. 20, 1978; author’s interview with Patricia Hester, spring 1986.

  432Pickard: Summers, p. 95.

  432Thompson: Ibid., p. 96.

  432White: author’s interviews, 1978 and spring 1988.

  433Blakey: HSCA 11.319.

  Reenactment Problems

  433Breneman: author’s interview, spring 1978; “Surveyor: More Than 1 Man Shot Kennedy,” Fort Worth Star-Telegram, April 14, 1978.

  433Robert West: author’s interview, April 16, 1978.

  The Warren Commission

  436Hoover: Senate Intelligence Committee Report on the Kennedy Assassination, p. 33.

  436Media leaks: “FBI Data Seen Spiking Reports of Conspiracy,” Dallas Morning News, Dec. 4, 1963.

  436Katzanbach memo: HSCA III.567.

  437Commission heads off inquiries: “President Names Board to Probe JFK’s Slaying,” Dallas Morning News, Nov. 30, 1963.

  438Gallup poll: “52% Believe ‘Group’ Tied to JFK Slaying,” Dallas Morning News, Dec. 6, 1963.

  The Reluctant Chairman

  439Nixon badgered Eisenhower: Jack Harrison Pollack, Earl Warren: The Judge Who Changed America, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, Prentice-Hall, 1979, p. 6.

  440Warren: Ibid., p. 228.

  440Johnson treatment: Ibid., pp. 228–229.

  440Eisenberg: Fensterwald, p. 73.

  444Sacred right: Mark Lane, “A Lawyer’s Brief; Is Oswald Innocent?” National Guardian, December 1963.

  444WC transcripts: Tad Szulc, “The Warren Commission in Its Own Words,” New Republic, Sept. 27, 1975.

  445No more memorandums: Edward Jay Epstein, Inquest: The Warren Commission and the Establishment of Truth, New York, Bantam Books, 1966, p. 119.

  446Rankin on Oswald: Szulc, p. 11.

  Conflicts in the Testimony

  453Bowers: Lane, Rush to Judgment documentary.

  453Powell: Warren Commission Document 1542 in files of researcher J. Gary Shaw.

  454Holland: Thompson, Six Seconds, rev. ed., p. 146; Holland’s comment to Lane is from Rush to Judgment documentary.

  454Fischer: “Witnesses Overlooked in JFK Probe,” Dallas Morning News, Dec. 19, 1978.

  454Belin changed testimony: Craig, p. 27.

  454Mercer: Shaw, p. 26; Garrison, p. 218.

  454Willis: “JFK Killing Witness Not Surprised Tests Indicate 2nd Gunman,” Fort Worth Star-Telegram, Dec. 22, 1978.

  455Pipes: Ibid.

  455Breneman: author’s interview, fall 1978.

  455Yarborough: Shaw, p. 186; author’s interview, summer 1986.

  456Hill: author’s interviews, summer 1986 and spring 1988.

  457Dave Powers and Kenneth O’Donnell: O’Neill, p. 178.

  The Single-Bullet Theory

  459Persuasive evidence: WC Report, p. 19. A myth: Fiester, p. 332.Political invention: Horne, p. 1205.

  463David Belin: Fred T. Newcomb and Perry Adams, Murder from Within: Lyndon Johnson’s Plot Against President Kennedy, Bloomington, IN, Author-House, 2011, p. 246.

  463Reprehensible actions: Meagher, p. xxiv. Warren Report deficiencies: Ibid., p. xxviii.

  464Questioning legitimate: Szulc, p. 9.

  464Senate Intelligence Committee: Report of Senate Select Committee to Study Government Operations with Respect to Intelligence Activities Report, 1976, pp. 6–7.

  465Schweiker: “Warren Report Held Unbelievable,” Fort Worth Star-Telegram, June 24, 1976.

  465Robert F. Kennedy Jr.: Jamie Stengle, “RFK Children Speak About Assassination in Dallas,” Associated Press, January 11, 2013.

  465FOX poll: www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,102511,00.html#ixzz2ChbOMefx.

  The Garrison Investigation

  466Martin: Garrison, pp. 29–32.

  467Impressed with FBI: Ibid., p. 10.

  467Ferrie: Ibid., p. 6.

  468Ferrie released: Eric Norden interview, Playboy, October 1967, p. 74.

  46843 years old: Garrison, p. 11.

  468Military engaged: Ibid., p. 12.

  468Lofty credentials: Ibid., pp. 14–15.

  469Banister apparatus: Ibid., p. 40.

  Clay Shaw and Permindex

  469Shaw background: Who’s Who in the South and Southwest, 8th ed., Chicago, Marquis—Who’s Who, 1963, p. 755.

  470Permindex: Garrison, pp. 87–90; Konstandinos Kalimtgis, David Goldman and Jeffery Steinberg, Dope, Inc.: Britain’s Opium War Against the US, New York, New Benjamin Franklin House Publishing Co., 1978, pp. 301–320 and 321–329; “Permindex: Britain’s International Assassination Bureau,” Executive Intelligence Review, Nov. 14, 1981, pp. 5–23.

  471Shaw and CIA: Garrison, p. 90.

  473Operated secretly: Ibid., p. 130.

  473I’m a dead man: Ibid., p. 138.

  476Free press reappraised: Ibid., p. 161.

  476Unusual steps: Norden, p. 62.

  477Roselli meeting denied: Garrison letter to John Judge, Feb. 25, 1986; Garrison reiterated this denial to author in fall 1989.

  477CBS interview: Garrison, p. 172.

  477Propaganda blitzkrieg: Norden, p. 62.

  478Cardinal Cushing: Fensterwald, p. 461.

  478Hoffa: Ibid., p. 464.

  478Robert Kennedy: Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr., Robert Kennedy and His Times, New York, Ballantine Books, 1979, p. 665.

  478Novel note: Fensterwald, p. 456; Garrison, p. 181.

  479Jurors agree on conspiracy: Ibid., p. 251.

  480Holecard: “Garrison Seeks High Court Help,” Fort Worth Star-Telegram, Feb. 20, 1969.

  481Garrison charges perjury: Garrison, pp. 252–253.

  481Federal judicial system: Ibid., p. 253.

  481Shaw’s death: Ibid., p. 274.

  482Garrison acquitted: “Jury Acquits DA Garrison in Bribe Case,” Fort Worth Star-Telegram, Sept. 28, 1973.

  482Garrison case a fraud: Blakey and Billings, p. 46.

  483Blakey and agencies: Ibid., p. 401.

  483Extravagant charges: Schiem, p. 57.

  483Garrison’s purpose: Ibid., p. 59.

  483CIA disinformation: Garrison letter to researcher John P. Judge, Feb. 25, 1986.

  483Aided by government: author’s interview, fall 1989.

  484Ambitious man: Norden, p. 68.

  484Garrison’s outline of assassination: Norden, pp. 74 and 156–159.

  485Emboldened by hope for peace: Douglass, p. 374.

  485Garrison on right track: Blakey and Billings, p. 170.

  The House Select Committee on Assassinations

  485Gonzalez: �
�Proceedings and Debates of the 94th Congress, First Session,” Congressional Record, Vol. 121, No. 24, Washington, 1975.

  486Criticism: Rep. Henry B. Gonzalez, “Assassinations and Lingering Doubts,” Witan, Vol. 2, No. 8, St. Mary’s of Texas School of Law, 1975, pp. 7–8.

  486Downing: Remarks to US House of Representatives, March 18, 1976.

  487Fensterwald: “Assassination Inquiry Stumbling—Is Fensterwald a CIA Plant?” Washington Star, Oct. 4, 1976.

  488Joannides’s real assignment: Scott Shane, “CIA Is Still Cagey About Oswald Mystery,” New York Times, Oct. 16, 2009.

  488Sprague and Specter: Groden and Livingston, p. 315.

  489Robert Bauman: Groden and Livingston, p. 317.

  489Sprague vs. Gonzalez: Ibid., p. 317.

  489Proposed budget: Gaeton Fonzi, The Last Investigation, New York, Thunder’s Mouth Press, 1993, p. 200.

  489Won’t play that game: Fonzi, p. 179.

  489Gonzalez stops committee: Ibid., p. 181.

  489Gonzalez went berserk: http://cuban-exile.com/doc_001–025/doc0019b.html.

  490Gonzalez: Fonzi, p. 201.

  490Vast and powerful forces: Ibid., p. 184.

  490The fix is in: Groden and Livingston, p. 318.

  490Key witness death: http://cuban-exile.com/doc_001–025/doc0019b.html.

  Blakey at the Helm

  491No more news conferences: “JFK-King Panel Seeks Seclusion,” Fort Worth Star-Telegram, June 21, 1977.

  491Blakey’s contacts: Jerry Policoff and William Scott Malone, “A Great Show, A Lousy Investigation,” New Times, Sept. 4, 1978, p. 6.

  492Secrecy agreement: author is grateful to researcher Richard E. Sprague for providing a copy of his secrecy agreement with the HSCA.

  493Blakey: Report of the Select Committee on Assassinations, The Final Assassinations Report, New York, Bantam Books, 1979, p. xxxii.

  493Sprague: Policoff and Malone, p. 8.

  493Blakey: Jerry Policoff, “Investigations That Were Bound to Fail,” Gallery, Special Report, July 1979, pp. 62–66.

  494Policoff and Malone, p. 12.

  495Blakey: “The Final Assassinations Report,” pp. xxxvi–xxxvii.

  496AIB comment: “The JFK Hearings: A Preliminary Critique,” Clandestine America, newsletter of the Assassination Information Bureau, Vol. 2, No. 4, p. 1.

  496O’Reilly: Notes from interview with Dallas Morning News reporter Earl Golz, January 1982.

  496Fonzi: Ibid., 203.

  496Fenton: Ibid.

  The Dallas Police Radio Recording

  497Mack: “7 Shots Believed Fired at Kennedy,” Fort Worth Star-Telegram, Sept. 1, 1977.

  499McLain: “Officer Says JFK Tape Not His,” Fort Worth Star-Telegram, Jan. 5, 1979.

  500Ramsey: “Study to Belittle Assassination Data,” Dallas Morning News, July 9, 1981.

  500HSCA reactions: “House Panel Claims Plots Likely in JFK, King Slayings,” Fort Worth Star-Telegram, Dec. 31, 1978.

  501Groden: “JFK Panel Photo Expert Alleges Cover-Up,” Fort Worth Star-Telegram, May 16, 1979.

  501Medical testimony: Harrison E. Livingstone, “Parkland Doctors’ Testimony Shows Autopsy Photos Forged,” Baltimore Chronicle, July 30, 1979 (reprinted in Penn Jones’s The Continuing Inquiry, Oct. 22, 1980, pp. 5–6); “Dispute on JFK Assassination Evidence Persists,” Boston Sunday Globe, June 21, 1981.

  501Kantor: author’s interview, October 1978.

  502Groden: author’s interview, summer 1986.

  502Blakey: “The Final Assassinations Report,” p. XXXVIII.

  503Justice Department memo: “Papers Reveal Justice Ended Kennedy, King Death Probes,” Dallas Times Herald, Sept. 4, 1988.

  The Oliver Stone Film JFK

  503Stone distilled: Dr. Grover Proctor, “Oliver Stone’s JFK: A Historical Analysis,” Saginaw News, Dec. 21, 1991.

  Preemptive Attacks

  504Cokie Roberts: Sam Smith, “Why They Hate Oliver Stone,” Progressive Review, February 1992.

  504Stephen Rosenfeld: www.zoominfo.com/#!search/profile/person?person-Id=1880014&targetid=profile.

  505JFK caused more damage: Vincent Bugliosi, Reclaiming History, New York, W. W. Norton & Company, 2007, p. 1355.

  505Serious books: Ibid., p. 1356.

  505Vapid and bankrupt: Ibid., p. 1437.

  505Cooper and Robinson: Ibid., p. 890.

  506Dr. Grover B. Proctor Jr.: www.grover-proctor.us/jfk/jfk91c.html.

  The Assassinations Records Review Board

  507Kermit Hall: http://jfkcountercoup2.blogspot.com/2012/08/kermit-l-hall-on-jfk-assassination.html.

  Douglas Horne’s Discoveries

  508Action of the state: Horne, p. 1800.

  508A crossfire: Ibid., p. 987.

  508Body tampering: Ibid., p. 996.

  509Galloway: Ibid., p. 1020.

  509Humes misleading: Ibid., p. 1000.

  509Humes scared: Ibid., p. 1026.

  509Jenkins: Ibid., pp. 1047 and 1049.

  509Burkley and perjury: Ibid., p. 1052.

  The Zapruder Film: Fundamental or Fraud?

  509Zavada study: Horne, p. 1188.

  510CIA and NPIC: Trask, p. 107.

  510McMahon and Hunter: Fetzer, pp. 311–324.

  511Zavada: http://home.earthlink.net/~joejd/jfk/zaphoax/zavada-hoax-comments-r1.pdf.

  511Endless interpretations: Horne, p. 1213.

  511A simulated original: Ibid., p. 1226.

  511Dino Brugioni: Ibid., pp. 1230–1234.

  511McCone on two shooters: http://jfkcountercoup.blogspot.com.

  Hollywood Takes a Look

  512Black patch artificial: Author’s interviews with Sydney Wilkinson, November 2009.

  512Ned Price: Horne, p. 1361.

  512Paul Rutan: Ibid.

  513Leo Zahn: correspondence with author.

  513Considered opinions: Horne, p. 1361.

  513No cache of records: http://minnesota.cbslocal.com/2012/12/04/ventura-supporting-author-who-says-oswald-didnt-shoot-jfk.

  514Bill Kelly: http://jfkcountercoup.blogspot.com/2012/12/open-letter-to-judge-john-tunheim.html.

  51450,000 documents: http://jfkcountercoup.blogspot.com/2012/10/playing-politics-with-history-still.html.

  515JFK Facts: http://jfkfacts.org/assassination/news/jfk-remains-in-the-shade-during-sunshine-week.

  A Question of Oswald

  516Passport Office message: HSCA III.573.

  516July 11, 1961, message: XVIII.374.

  516Military records: http://jfk.hood.edu/Collection/Weisberg%20Subject%20Index%20Files/S%20Disk/Scott%20Peter%20Dale/Item%2002.pdf.

  An Impostor

  517Deslatte: Summers, pp. 407–408.

  517Intelligence Committee: Fensterwald, pp. 404–405.

  518Dannelly: Fensterwald, pp. 393–394.

  518Hutchinson: WC Report, pp. 308–309.

  518Bogard: X.353.

  518WC conclusion: WC Report, p. 321.

  518Wilson: “Salesman Insists FBI Discounted Facts on Oswald,” Dallas Morning News, May 8, 1977.

  519Hamblen: WC Report, pp. 309–310; Summers, p. 402; XI.312.

  520Morgan’s Gunshop: XXIV.704.

  520Ryder: WC Report, pp. 315–316; XXIV.328–329.

  520Sports Drome Rifle Range: WC Report, pp. 318–319.

  520WC conclusion: Ibid., p. 319.

  521Penn: Summers, pp. 405–406.

  521No substantial basis: WC Report, p. 318.

  Was Oswald Really Oswald?

  521Discrepancies: Michael Eddowes, The Oswald File, New York, Clarkson N. Potter, 1977.

  522Jeanne DeMohrenschildt on literature: author’s interviews, 1978.

  522Language experts: author’s interviews with Gary Mack, 1984.

  522Oswald’s letter: XVI.33; (handwritten draft) XVI.443.

  523Ed Voebel: Armstrong, p. 915.

  523Frank Kudlaty: Ibid., p. 914.

  523Two different people: Ibid., pp. 62–63.

  524Missing school records: Ibid.

&
nbsp; 524Palmer McBride: Ibid.

  524Roy Cooper and Marvin Robinson: http://spot.acorn.net/jfkplace/09/fp.back_issues/17th_issue/rambler_witness.html.

  The Oswald Exhumation

  524Norton: “Oswald Grave Now Battle Site,” Fort Worth Star-Telegram, Oct. 19, 1979.

  525Slawson: “Author Not the First to Ask Exhumation,” Fort Worth Star-Telegram, Jan. 11, 1979.

  525Groody: author’s interview, November 1988.

  525Marguerite Oswald: “Oswald’s Mother Asks Exhumation,” Fort Worth Star-Telegram, Nov. 17, 1967.

  525Robert Oswald: I.330–331.

  526Pic: XI.55–56.

  526Pic fails to recognize Lee: XI.65.

  527Groody: author’s interview, 1988.

  527Saw cut: Linda E. Norton, James A. Cottone, Irvin M. Sopher, and Vincent J. M. DiMaio, “The Exhumation and Identification of Lee Harvey Oswald,” Journal of Forensic Sciences, Vol. 29, No. 1, January 1984, p. 25.

  Convenient Deaths

  530Whitaker: HSCA IV.464–465.

  530Hess: HSCA IV.467.

  532CIA memo: CIA memo to “Chiefs, Certain Stations and Bases” titled “Countering Criticism of the Warren Report, April 1, 1967,” Document No. 1035–960.

  532Disguised murders: Philip H. Melanson, “High Tech Mysterious Deaths,” Critique, Vol. 4, No. 3, 4, Fall/Winter 1984–1985, p. 214.

  532Beryllium: Ibid., p. 215.

  Strange Deaths Continue

  534Sullivan: Jeff Goldberg and Harvey Yazijian, “The Death of ‘Crazy Billy’ Sullivan,” New Times, July 24, 1978, pp. 4–8.

  535FBI deaths: “Ex-Agent 6th to Die in Six-month Span,” Fort Worth Star-Telegram, Nov. 10, 1977.

  536Frustrated Cold Warrior: Peter Janney, Mary’s Mosaic: The CIA Conspiracy to Murder John F. Kennedy, Mary Pinchot Meyer, and Their Vision for World Peace, New York, Skyhorse Publishing, 2012, p. 181.

  536Only woman JFK respected: Janney, p. 207.

  536What seed changed JFK: Douglass, pp. 277–278.

  537St. John Hunt: author’s interview, Nov. 22, 2010.

  537Same sons of bitches: David C. Heymann, The Georgetown Ladies’ Social Club, New York, Atria Books, 2003, p. 168.

  PART IV: CONCLUSIONS

  Assassination Coverage

  544Kearns: Jerry Policoff, “The Media and the Murder of John Kennedy,” New Times, Aug. 8, 1975, p. 31.

  544Unaided assassin: “Ruby Murder Trial Postponed,” Dallas Times Herald, Dec. 3, 1963.

  545Slanted propaganda: Policoff, p. 30.

  545Biased offerings: Meagher, p. 459.

  545Donovan: Policoff, pp. 35–36.

  546Mob of reporters: Robert Oswald with Myrick and Barbara Land, Lee: A Portrait of Lee Harvey Oswald, New York, Coward-McCann, 1967, p. 23.