Abraham Lincoln: A Life, Volume 1

by Michael Burlingame

  261. Whitney, Life on the Circuit, ed. Angle, 102.

  262. Reminiscences of John H. Littlefield, Every Where, Feb. 1902, in Joseph Fort Newton, Lincoln and Herndon (Cedar Rapids, IA: Torch Press, 1910), 251.

  263. William Bross to John G. Nicolay, Chicago, 25 Jan. 1887, Nicolay Papers, DLC.

  Chapter 15. “The Most Available Presidential Candidate for Unadulterated Republicans”

  1. Nathan M. Knapp to O. M. Hatch, Winchester, Illinois, 12 May 1859, Hatch Papers, IHi.

  2. William Cumback to William Penn Clarke, Greensburgh, Indiana, 28 Jan., 2 Apr. 1860, Clarke Papers, State Historical Society of Iowa, Des Moines.

  3. Chicago correspondence by Simon P. Hanscom, 15 May, New York Herald, 19 May 1860.

  4. Leonard Swett to the editor, Chicago, 13 July, Chicago Tribune, 14 July 1878.

  5. Swett’s reminiscences, Chicago Mail, n.d., copied in the St. Louis Globe-Democrat, 27 June 1888.

  6. Knapp to Lincoln, Chicago, 14 May 1860, and Delahay to Lincoln, Chicago, 14 May 1860, AL MSS DLC.

  7. Charles Henry Ray to Edward Lillie Pierce, Chicago, [Apr. 1860], Pierce Papers, Harvard University.

  8. Roy P. Basler et al., eds., Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln [hereafter CWL] (8 vols. plus index; New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1953–1955), 4:50.

  9. New York Herald, 22 May 1860.

  10. Chicago correspondence by Samuel Bowles, 16 May, Springfield (Massachusetts) Republican, 19 May 1860.

  11. Chicago correspondence, 17 May, Cincinnati Commercial, 19 and 21 May 1860.

  12. Chicago correspondence by G[eorge] D[awson], 19 May, Albany Evening Journal, 21 May 1860, copied in the New York Herald, 23 May 1860.

  13. Oliver Pillsbury to Mason W. Tappan, Henniker, 16 Apr. 1860, Mason Tappan Papers, New Hampshire Historical Society.

  14. Russell Hinckley to his brother, Belleville, 28 Mar. 1860, Lyman Trumbull Papers, DLC.

  15. Child to John Greenleaf Whittier, n.p., n.d., in Helene Gilbert Baer, The Heart Is Like Heaven: The Life of Lydia Maria Child (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1964), 260.

  16. Herndon to Theodore Parker, Springfield, 15 Dec. 1859, Herndon-Parker Papers, University of Iowa.

  17. Reminiscences of Galusha Grow in Frederic Bancroft, The Life of William H. Seward (2 vols.; New York: Harper and Brothers, 1900), 1:535n.

  18. E. G. Waterhouse to William P. Fessenden, Philadelphia, 18 Apr. 1860, Fessenden Papers, Western Reserve Historical Society, Cleveland.

  19. William Gooding to William H. Swift, Lockport, Illinois, 11 June 1860, typed copy of an extract, Lincoln Collection, ICHi.

  20. Washington correspondence by James Shepherd Pike, 20 May, New York Tribune, 22 May 1860; Joseph R. Hawley, “The Work at Chicago—Gossip and Speculations,” Hartford Evening Press, 23 May 1860.

  21. New York Evening Post, 11 May 1855, quoted in Mark W. Summers, The Plundering Generation: Corruption and the Crisis of the Union, 1849–1861 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1987), 230–231.

  22. George G. Fogg to Lincoln, Washington, 2 Feb. 1861, draft, Fogg Papers, New Hampshire Historical Society.

  23. William James Stillman, The Autobiography of a Journalist (2 vols.; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1901), 1:374.

  24. William Gooding to William H. Swift, Lockport, Illinois, 11 June 1860, typed copy of an extract, Lincoln Collection, ICHi.

  25. Charles C. Nourse to James Harlan, Des Moines, 6 June 1860, in Frank I. Herriot, “Memories of the Chicago Convention of 1860,” Annals of Iowa 12 (Oct. 1920): pamphlet ed., 19.

  26. Dixon to Gideon Welles, Hartford, 27 Apr. 1860, Welles Papers, DLC.

  27. The Reminiscences of Carl Schurz (3 vols.; New York: McClure, 1907–1908), 2:178.

  28. Chicago correspondence by Samuel Bowles, 16 May, Springfield (Massachusetts) Republican, 19 May 1860; Chicago correspondence, 30 May, New York Herald, 19 June 1860.

  29. Buffalo Commercial Advertiser, n.d., copied in the New York Times, 21 May 1860.

  30. James G. Blaine to William Pitt Fessenden, Chicago, 16 May 1860, Fessenden Family Papers, Bowdoin College.

  31. Henry P. Scholte to Seward, Cincinnati, 19 May 1860, Seward Papers, University of Rochester.

  32. Simon P. Hanscom to N. P. Banks, Washington, 7 January 1859, Banks Papers, DLC.

  33. Herman Kreismann to E. B. Washburne, Chicago, 15 May 1860, Washburne Papers, DLC; Manchester, New Hampshire, Mirror, 16 May 1860, quoted in Lucy Lowden, “The People’s Party: the ‘Heirs of Jackson’ and the Rise of the Republican Party in New Hampshire, 1845–1860” (M.A. thesis, Western Illinois University, 1971), 108.

  34. Horace Greeley, “Last Week at Chicago,” New York Tribune, 22 May 1860.

  35. Joshua Giddings to George W. Julian, Jefferson, Ohio, 25 May 1860, Giddings-Julian Papers, DLC.

  36. William Schouler to Israel Washburn, Boston, 14 June 1860, Washburn Family Papers, Washburn Memorial Library, Norlands, Maine.

  37. Bryant to John Bigelow, New York, 20 Feb. 1860, John Bigelow, Retrospections of an Active Life (5 vols.; New York: Baker & Taylor, 1909–1913), 1:253.

  38. Hiram Barney to Salmon P. Chase, New York, 3 Apr. 1860, Chase Papers, Historical Society of Pennsylvania.

  39. Allan Nevins and Milton Halsey Thomas, eds., The Diary of George Templeton Strong, 1835–1875 (4 vols.; New York: Macmillan, 1952), 3:27, 42 (entries for 16 May and 14 Sept. 1860).

  40. Charles C. Nourse, delegate from Iowa, interviewed by Frank I. Herriot, Des Moines, 26 Apr. and 12 May 1907, in Herriot, “Memories of the Chicago Convention of 1860,” 15–16.

  41. William Curtis Noyes to Francis Lieber, n.p., n.d., Lieber Papers, CSmH.

  42. Pike to William Pitt Fessenden, New York, 9 Apr. 1858, Pike Papers, DLC.

  43. John M. Palmer, statement made to J. McCan Davis, 1897, in Ida M. Tarbell, The Life of Abraham Lincoln (4 vols.; New York: Lincoln History Society, 1903), 2:145.

  44. Mrs. Henry S. Lane to Alexander K. McClure, n.p., 16 Sept. 1891, in McClure, Abraham Lincoln and Men of War-Times (Philadelphia: Times, 1892), 31n.

  45. Greeley to James Shepherd Pike, New York, 21 May 1860, Pike Papers, University of Maine.

  46. Dillard C. Donnohue to Daniel D. Pratt, Greencastle, Indiana, 31 Mar. 1860, Pratt Papers, Indiana State Library, Indianapolis.

  47. John D. Defrees to Henry S. Lane, Washington, 19 Jan. 1860, Lane Papers, InU.

  48. James Wilson to Henry S. Lane, Washington, 11 Mar. 1860, Lane Papers, InU.

  49. Lincoln to Allen, Springfield, 1 May 1860, CWL, 4:46–47.

  50. Davis to Thomas H. Dudley, Bloomington, 1 Sept. 1860, Dudley Papers, CSmH.

  51. Leonard Swett to Josiah H. Drummond, 27 May 1860, Portland, Maine, Evening Express, n.d., copied in the New York Sun, 26 July 1891.

  52. CWL, 4:51.

  53. Albert Hale to Theron Baldwin, Springfield, 31 May 1860, in Michael Burlingame, ed., An Oral History of Abraham Lincoln: John G. Nicolay’s Interviews and Essays (Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1996), 96.

  54. Matilda Gresham, Life of Walter Quintin Gresham, 1832–1895 (2 vols.; Chicago: Rand, McNally, 1919), 1:110–111.

  55. Fishback to his brother Tip, Indianapolis, 19 Jan. 1861, photostatic copy, Miscellaneous Manuscripts, Indiana State Library, Indianapolis.

  56. Interview with Medill by George Alfred Townsend on the eve of the Republican national convention of 1888, reproduced in the Chicago Tribune, 7 Feb. 1909.

  57. A. M. Whitney to David Davis, Chicago, 1 Aug. 1863, Davis Papers, IHi.

  58. Ray to Lincoln, Chicago, 14 May 1860, AL MSS DLC.

  59. Delahay to Lincoln, Chicago, 17 May 1860, ibid.

  60. Fell to Lincoln, Bloomington, 2 Jan. 1861, ibid.

  61. Charles Gibson, typescript of an autobiography, p. 40, Gibson Papers, Missouri Historical Society.

  62. Memorandum by Kellogg Fairbank, Chicago, 7 Apr. 1926, enclosed in Janet Fairbank to Albert J. Beveridge, New York, 9 Apr. [1926], Beveridge Papers, DLC.

&
nbsp; 63. Defrees to David Davis, 26 Nov. 1860, Davis Papers, IHi, in Richard J. Thomas, “Caleb B. Smith: Whig Orator and Politician—Lincoln’s Secretary of Interior” (Ph.D. dissertation, Indiana University, 1969), 163.

  64. Davis to Lincoln, Danville, Illinois, 19 Nov. 1860, AL MSS DLC.

  65. Davis to Swett, 26 Nov. 1862, in Willard King, Lincoln’s Manager, David Davis (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1960), 204.

  66. Blair to Martin Van Buren, Silver Spring, 7 Mar. 1861, Van Buren Papers, microfilm ed.

  67. Theodore Calvin Pease and James G. Randall, eds., The Diary of Orville Hickman Browning (2 vols.; Springfield: Illinois State Historical Library, 1925–1933), 1:407 (entry for 16 May 1860).

  68. Isaac H. Bromley, “Historic Moments: The Nomination of Lincoln,” Scribner’s Magazine 14 (November 1893): 647.

  69. John G. Nicolay and John Hay, Abraham Lincoln: A History (10 vols.; New York: Century 1890), 2:266.

  70. Proceedings of the First Three Republican National Conventions of 1856, 1860 and 1864 (Minneapolis: Charles W. Johnson, 1893), 131–133.

  71. Card by Greeley, New York, 20 Feb., New York Tribune, 20 Feb. 1861.

  72. Eli Thayer to Franklin P. Rice, Worcester, Massachusetts, 16 Dec. 1893, Eli Thayer Papers, RPB; Franklin P. Rice, typescript of an unpublished biography of Eli Thayer, chapter 30, pp. 1–10, Rice Papers, DLC; reminiscences of Thayer, Topeka, Kansas, Commonwealth, 24 Aug. 1888.

  73. The Liberator (Boston), 25 May 1860.

  74. Chicago correspondence by Joseph Howard, 17 May, New York Times, 18 May 1860; Boston correspondence, 28 May, New York Herald, 2 June 1860; Boston Atlas and Bee, n.d., copied in the New York Herald, 26 May 1860.

  75. Chicago correspondence, 17 May, New York Tribune, 18 May 1860; Amos Tuck to Carl Schurz, Exeter, New Hampshire, 7 Sept. 1860, and Thomas H. Dudley to Schurz, Camden, New Jersey, 24 Aug. 1860, Carl Schurz Papers, DLC; Thomas J. McCormack, ed., Memoirs of Gustave Koerner, 1809–1896 (2 vols.; Cedar Rapids, IA: Torch Press, 1909), 2:87.

  76. Der Westbote (Columbus, Ohio), n.d., in Carl Wittke, The German-Language Press in America (Lexington: University of Kentucky Press, 1957), 145.

  77. Chicago correspondence by Murat Halstead, 17 May 1860, Cincinnati Commercial, 21 May 1860.

  78. New York World, n.d., copied in The Liberator (Boston), 13 July 1860.

  79. Charles Albright to James C. Conklin[g], Mauch Chunk, Pennsylvania, 12 Nov. 1860, AL MSS DLC.

  80. CWL, 4:50.

  81. Jesse W. Weik, “Indiana at 1860 G. O. P. Convention in Chicago,” undated clipping from the Indianapolis Sunday Star, LMF; Henry Clay Whitney, Lincoln the Citizen, vol. 1 of A Life of Lincoln, ed. Marion Mills Miller (2 vols.; New York: Baker and Taylor, 1908), 289.

  82. Reminiscences of Richard S. Tuthill, Chicago Times, 9 June 1889.

  83. Cameron, interview with Nicolay, Washington, 20 Feb. 1875, Burlingame, ed., Oral History of Lincoln, 43.

  84. Joseph Casey to Cameron, Chicago, 10 May 1860, Cameron Papers, DLC.

  85. Joseph Casey to Simon Cameron, Harrisburg, 23 May 1860, Cameron Papers, Dauphin County Historical Society, Harrisburg.

  86. McClure, Lincoln and Men of War-Times, 79.

  87. O. J. Hollister, Life of Schuyler Colfax (New York: Funk & Wagnalls, 1886), 147n.

  88. Swett to Lincoln, [Bloomington], 25 May, 30 Nov. 1860, AL MSS DLC.

  89. Casey to Cameron, Harrisburg, 23 May 1860, Cameron Papers, Dauphin County Historical Society, Harrisburg.

  90. Casey to Swett, Harrisburg, 27 Nov. 1860, AL MSS DLC.

  91. Whitney, Life on the Circuit, ed. Angle, 101n.

  92. Amos Tuck to David Davis, Exeter, New Hampshire, 26 Aug. 1860, Davis Papers, IHi.

  93. Amos Tuck to Lincoln, Chicago, 14 May 1860, AL MSS DLC.

  94. George G. Fogg to William Butler, Washington, 13 Dec. 1860, Butler Papers, ICHi.

  95. Coos Republican (Lancaster, NH), 29 May 1860.

  96. David Davis and Leonard Swett to Lincoln, Danville, Illinois, 22 Nov. 1860, State Department Records, file for George W. Lawrence, Applications and Recommendations, 1861–1869, Record Group 59, M 650, National Archives.

  97. Greeley to Schuyler Colfax, New York, 26 May 1860, Greeley Papers, New York Public Library.

  98. Frank W. Bird to Charles Sumner, East Walpole, 3 Apr. 1860, Sumner Papers, Harvard University.

  99. William Schouler to Lincoln, Boston, 21 May 1860, AL MSS DLC.

  100. Pierce to Charles H. Ray, Boston, 4 Jan. 1861, Ray Papers, CSmH; memorandum of votes cast in the convention, John A. Andrew Papers, Massachusetts Historical Society; statement of Pierce, [Dec. 1889], HI, 683–684; William H. Herndon to E. L. Pierce, Springfield, 18 Feb. 1861, Pierce Papers, Harvard University.

  101. Chicago correspondence, n.d., Boston Journal, 14 May, copied in the Springfield (Massachusetts) Republican, 15 May 1860; Chicago correspondence, 14 May, New York Tribune, 15 May 1860; Chicago correspondence by Simon Hanscom, 13 May, New York Herald, 16 May 1860.

  102. Spaulding to Seward, Chicago, 17 May 1860, telegram; Morgan to Seward, Chicago, 17 May 1860, telegram; Preston King, William M. Evarts, and Richard M. Blatchford to Seward, Chicago, 18 May 1860, telegram, Seward Papers, University of Rochester.

  103. Murat Halstead’s report in the Cincinnati Commercial, 21 May 1860.

  104. Allan Nevins and Milton Halsey Thomas, eds., The Diary of George Templeton Strong, 1835–1875 (4 vols.; New York: Macmillan, 1952), 3:282 (entry for 21 Dec. 1862).

  105. Farnsworth to E. B. Washburne, Chicago, 18 May 1860, telegram, E. B. Washburne Papers, DLC.

  106. Swett to Josiah H. Drummond, 27 May 1860, Portland, Maine, Evening Express, n.d., copied in the New York Sun, 26 July 1891.

  107. Ibid.

  108. Chicago correspondence by Joseph Howard, 18 May, New York Times, 21 May 1860.

  109. Chicago Herald, 19 May 1860.

  110. Murat Halstead’s report in the Cincinnati Commercial, 21 May 1860.

  111. Leonard Swett to Josiah H. Drummond, 27 May 1860, Portland, Maine, Evening Express, n.d., copied in the New York Sun, 26 July 1891.

  112. Murat Halstead’s report in the Cincinnati Commercial, 21 May 1860.

  113. Chicago Herald, 19 May 1860.

  114. Eustice Noyes, quoted in “Doctor Agnew’s Notes on Governor Morgan,” in Edwin D. Morgan, Recollections for My Family (New York: Scribner’s, 1938), 22.

  115. Greeley to James Shepherd Pike, New York, 21 May 1860, Pike Papers, University of Maine.

  116. Alfred Caldwell, quoted in Reinhard H. Luthin, The First Lincoln Campaign (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1944), 160.

  117. Clay to Seward, n.p., 21 May 1860, Seward Papers, University of Rochester.

  118. A. S. Murray to Israel Washburn, Gorham, 25 May 1860, Gaillard Hunt, Israel, Elihu and Cadwallader Washburn: A Chapter in American Biography (New York: Macmillan, 1925), 72.

  119. Chicago correspondence by Simon Hanscom, 18 May, New York Herald, 19 May 1860.

  120. Letter by a former employee of the editorial department of the Illinois State Journal to the editors of the Missouri Democrat (St. Louis), St. Louis, 20 May 1865, Missouri Democrat, n.d., copied in the Illinois State Journal (Springfield), 8 June 1865.

  121. Murat Halstead’s report in the Cincinnati Commercial, 21 May 1860.

  122. Weed to Seward, Davenport, Iowa, 20 May 1860, Seward Papers, University of Rochester; Greeley to James Shepherd Pike, New York, 21 May 1860, Pike Papers, University of Maine.

  123. Letter by a former employee of the editorial department of the Illinois State Journal to the editors of the Missouri Democrat (St. Louis), St. Louis, 20 May 1865, Missouri Democrat, n.d., copied in the Illinois State Journal (Springfield), 8 June 1865; Charles S. Zane, “Lincoln As I Knew Him,” Sunset 29 (Oct. 1912), reprinted in the Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society 14 (1921–1922):82.

  124. New York Tribune, 24 May 1860.

  125. Murat Halstead’s report in the Cincinnati Commercial, 21 May 18
60; Chicago correspondence, 11 Mar. 1895, by Newton Macmillan (interview with Medill), Chicago Tribune, 14 Apr. 1895; Howard K. Beale and Alan W. Brownsword, eds., Diary of Gideon Welles, Secretary of the Navy under Lincoln and Johnson (3 vols.; New York: W.W. Norton, 1960), 2:359.

  126. Interview with Cartter, Frank G. Carpenter, Washington correspondence of The Press, (no city indicated), 14 Aug. (no year indicated), clipping, LMF; Murat Halstead’s report in the Cincinnati Commercial, 21 May 1860.

  127. John A. Andrew, speech of 25 May 1860 in Faneuil Hall, Chicago Press and Tribune, 30 May 1860.

  128. Murat Halstead’s report in the Cincinnati Commercial, 21 May 1860.

  129. Chicago correspondence by Simon Hanscom, 18 May, New York Herald, 19 May 1860.

  130. Murat Halstead’s report in the Cincinnati Commercial, 21 May 1860.

  131. Allan Nevins, The Ordeal of the Union (2 vols.; New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1947), 1:195.

  132. Chicago correspondence by Joseph Howard, 18 May, New York Times, 19 May 1860.

  133. Curtin to A. K. McClure, n.p., 18 Aug. 1891, in McClure, Lincoln and Men of WarTimes, 41n.

  134. Henry M. Field, The Life of David Dudley Field (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1898), 139.

  135. Hamilton Fish to Lt. Henry A. Wise, New York, 24 May 1860, letterbooks, Fish Papers, DLC.

  136. Chicago dispatch by B., 18 May, Illinois State Journal (Springfield), 19 May 1860; Murat Halstead’s report in the Cincinnati Commercial, 21 May 1860.

  137. William G. Brownlow in the Knoxville, Tennessee, Whig, n.d., copied in the New York Tribune, 29 May 1860.

  138. Chicago correspondence, 30 May, New York Herald, 19 June 1860.

  139. Carrollton West Alabamian, 19 Sept. 1860, quoted in Donald E. Reynolds, Editors Make War: Southern Newspapers in the Secession Crisis (Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt University Press, 1970), 58.

  140. Letter by a former employee of the editorial department of the Illinois State Journal (Springfield) to the editors of the Missouri Democrat (St. Louis), St. Louis, 20 May 1865, Missouri Democrat, n.d., copied in the Illinois State Journal (Springfield), 8 June 1865; Central Illinois Gazette, 23 May 1860; Charles S. Zane, statement for Herndon, [1865–1866], HI, 492; Zane, “Lincoln as I Knew Him,” 82–83.