Cromwell, Richard (Oliver’s son): succeeds father, ref1, ref2; abdicates, ref3; declines army request for commanding officer, ref4; rumoured return to office, ref5; flees to exile in Europe, ref6
customs and festivals, ref1
Cutpurse, Moll, ref1
Dade, William: Prognostications, ref1
Danby, Thomas Osborne, 1st earl of (later marquess of Carmarthen and duke of Leeds), ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7; released from Tower, ref8; invites William of Orange to invade, ref9
Davenant, John, bishop of Salisbury, ref1
Davenant, Sir William, ref1; Salmacida Spolia (masque), ref2; The Tragedy of Albovine (play), ref3
Davies, Lady Eleanor, ref1
decimation tax, ref1, ref2
Declaration of the Army (1646), ref1
Declaration of Sports, ref1
Dekker, Thomas: The Seven Deadly Sins of London, ref1
Denmark: England proposes holy crusade against Catholic powers, ref1
Derby, James Stanley, 7th earl of, ref1
Dering, Sir Edward, ref1
Desborough, John, ref1
Devonshire, William Cavendish, 4th earl (later 1st duke) of, ref1, ref2
D’Ewes, Simonds: criticizes Commons’ behaviour, ref1; on Cotton’s decline, ref2; on Charles I’s demand for ship-money, ref3; on Strafford’s trial, ref4; on ‘Grand Remonstrance’, ref5; on 1641 election, ref6; on Charles I’s military officers, ref7; on effect of parliamentary declaration on opponents in civil war, ref8; on women’s peace demonstration, ref9
Diggers, ref1
Digges, Sir Dudley, ref1
Dillingham, John, ref1
Discourse of the Religion of England, ref1
dissenters (nonconformists):
proliferation, ref1; under Charles II, ref2; granted freedom of worship (1672), ref3; under James II, ref4
Donne, John, ref1, ref2, ref3
Dorchester, Catherine Sedley, countess of, ref1
Dort, synod of (1618), ref1, ref2
Doves, Samuel, ref1
Dowdall, Lady Elizabeth, ref1
Dowland, John, ref1, ref2
drama see theatre
dress and fashion: under Charles II, ref1, ref2, ref3
Drogheda, Ireland, ref1
Dryden, John: on battle of Lowestoft, ref1; as dramatist, ref2; Absalom and Achitophel, ref3, ref4; The Secular Masque, ref5
Dublin: rebellion (1641), ref1
Duckenfield, Colonel Robert, ref1
Duke of York’s Servants (theatre company), ref1
Dunbar, battle of (1650), ref1
Dunkirk: sold to French, ref1, ref2; Anglo-French alliance against, ref3
Dutch Republic: in Triple Alliance (1668), ref1; provokes near war with England (1623), ref2; defensive league with England, ref3; treaty with England (1625), ref4; alliance with France, ref5; attacks Spanish fleet (1639), ref6; as trade rival, ref7; war with England (1665–7), ref8, ref9; defensive treaty with France (1666), ref10; peace negotiations, ref11; raid into England (1667), ref12; Anglo-French secret treaty against, ref13; French and English war with (1672–4), ref14, ref15, ref16; merchant vessels elude English navy, ref17; French successes against, ref18; and marriage of Princess Mary and William, ref19; Louis XIV makes peace with, ref20
Earle, John, ref1
Earle, Sir Walter, ref1
East India Company: rivalry with Dutch, ref1; trade with Russia, ref2
eastern association, ref1, ref2, ref3
Edgehill, battle of (1642), ref1
Edinburgh: Charles I visits (1633), ref1; (1641), ref2; James I visits (1617), ref3; Charles I’s religious orders defied, ref4; draws up national covenant, ref5; parliament meets (1640), ref6; supposed conspiracy (’the incident’), ref7; see also Scotland
Edward III, King, ref1
Edwards, Thomas: Gangraena, ref1
elections (parliamentary): (1639), ref1; (1640), ref2; (1659), ref3; (1679), ref4; (1688), ref5; see also Commons, House of; Parliament
Eliot, Sir John: on failure of 1621 parliament, ref1; on impeachment of earl of Middlesex, ref2; on death of James I, ref3; criticizes Charles I in parliament, ref4, ref5; criticizes Buckingham, ref6; taken to Tower and released, ref7; speechmaking and oratory, ref8, ref9, ref10; on power of bishops, ref11; imprisoned, ref12, ref13, ref14; death, ref15
Eliot, T. S., ref1, ref2
Elizabeth, Princess (Charles I’s daughter), ref1
Elizabeth, Princess (later queen of Bohemia), ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
Elizabeth I, Queen: death and succession, ref1
Ellesmere, Sir Thomas Egerton, baron, ref1
England: economic problems, ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4; prosperity and trade, ref5; population increases, ref6; social divisions, ref7; Dutch trade rivalry, ref8; troops conscripted for European service, ref9, ref10, ref11; war with Spain (1625), ref12, ref13; peace with France (1629), ref14; harvest failure (1630) and food riots, ref15; secret treaty with Spain (1634), ref16; and beginnings of war against Scots, ref17; labourers and craftsmen pressed into Charles I’s military service, ref18; harvest failures (1646–51), ref19, ref20; commonwealth proclaimed, ref21; post-civil-war condition, ref22; foreign relations under commonwealth, ref23; Cromwell divides into eleven districts, ref24; Spain declares war on (1655), ref25, ref26; power and administration under Charles II, ref27; war with Dutch (1665–7), ref28, ref29; war with France (1666–7), ref30, ref31; proliferation of Christian sects, ref32; war with Dutch (1672), ref33; peace with Dutch (1674), ref34; economic and social improvements following second Dutch war, ref35; industrial development, ref36; standing army under James II, ref37
Essex, Arthur Capel, 1st earl of, ref1
Essex, Robert Devereux, 3rd earl of: marriage to and divorce from Frances Howard, ref1; dismissed by Charles I, ref2; as member of committee for petitions, ref3; as privy councillor, ref4; as lord chamberlain, ref5; commands parliamentary army, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9; proposes truce offer to Charles I and deciding battle, ref10; relieves Gloucester, ref11; advances on Oxford, ref12; in committee of both kingdoms, ref13; favours accommodation with Charles I, ref14; criticized, ref15; laments Laud’s death, ref16; removed from military command, ref17
‘etcetera oath, the’, ref1, ref2
Etherege, Sir George: She Wou’d if She Cou’d, ref1
Eure, Margaret, ref1, ref2
Evelyn, John: on Charles I’s return from negotiations with Scots, ref1; on apparition, ref2; attends Anglican service, ref3; on women’s behaviour, ref4; on Cromwell’s funeral, ref5; on Richard Cromwell’s dissolving parliament, ref6; witnesses return of Charles II, ref7; on changes under Charles II, ref8; on Charles II’s gambling, ref9; on Great Fire of London, ref10; disparages Charles II’s entourage, ref11; on battle of Sole Bay, ref12; on duke of York’s Catholicism, ref13, ref14; on Rye House plot, ref15; on dissoluteness of Charles II’s court, ref16; on James II’s summary acts, ref17; on impending invasion by William of Orange, ref18
Everard, William, ref1
excise (tax): introduced, ref1
Exclusion Bills (1679), ref1, ref2; (1681), ref3
Fairfax, Sir Ferdinando, ref1
Fairfax, Sir Thomas: commands New Model Army, ref1; besieges and captures Bristol, ref2; greets Charles I, ref3; petition of complaint from army, ref4; in army’s march on London, ref5; in second civil war, ref6; besieges Colchester, ref7; and trial of Charles I, ref8, ref9; opposes Lilburne, ref10; refuses to invade Scotland, ref11
Fanshawe, Anne, Lady (née Harrison), ref1
Fanshawe, Sir Richard, ref1
Farmer, Anthony, ref1
farming see agriculture
Farnham Castle, ref1
Fauconberg, Mary, countess (née Cromwell; Oliver’s daughter), ref1, ref2
Fauconberg, Thomas, earl, ref1, ref2
Fawkes, Guy, ref1
Feake, Christopher, ref1
Felton, John, ref1, ref2
fens: drained, ref1
Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor (
earlier archduke), ref1, ref2, ref3, 876
Fifth Monarchy men, ref1
Finch, Heneage, ref1
Finch, Sir John, ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
five knights case, ref1, ref2
fleet (English): failed attack on Cadiz, ref1, ref2; sails against France (1627), ref3; rebuilt and sails (1635), ref4; supports parliament, ref5; dominance, ref6; strengthened under Charles II, ref7, ref8; parliament money to (1675), ref9; Pepys develops for James II, ref10
Fleetwood, Major-General Charles, ref1, ref2, ref3
food and drink: under Charles II, ref1
Fox, George, ref1
Foxe, John: Acts and Monuments, ref1
France: demands liberties for English Catholics, ref1, ref2; as prospective ally against Spain, ref3, ref4; Protestants under threat, ref5, ref6, ref7; expedition against (1627), ref8; peace with England (1629), ref9; alliance with Dutch, ref10; rumoured potential invasion by, ref11; payments to Charles II, ref12, ref13; Cromwell makes treaty with (1655), ref14; relations with England under Charles II, ref15; Dunkirk sold to, ref16; occupies St Kitts, ref17; war with England (1666–7), ref18, ref19; Triple Alliance against, ref20; Charles II forms anti-Dutch alliance with, ref21; war on Dutch (1672), ref22; fleet inactive at battle of the Texel, ref23; successes against United Provinces, ref24; see also Louis XIV, king of France
Frederick V, Elector of the Palatinate (later king of Bohemia), ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7
Fuller, Thomas, ref1
furniture, ref1
Galileo Galilei, ref1, ref2
Gataker, Thomas, ref1
gentry: rise under James I, ref1; authority, ref2
Gerard, Father John, SJ, ref1
Glanville, John, ref1
Glorious Revolution (1688), ref1
Gloucester: in civil war, ref1
Goaden v. Hales (lawsuit), ref1
Godfrey, Sir Edmund Berry, ref1
Gondomar, Diego Sarmiento de Acuña, count of, ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8
Goodwin, Thomas, ref1
Gramont, comte de, ref1
‘Grand Remonstrance’, ref1, ref2
Great Britain: as title, ref1; see also England
Green Ribbon Club, ref1, ref2
Grenville, Sir John, ref1
Gresham College, London, ref1
Grimstone, Harbottle, ref1, ref2
Grosseteste, Robert, bishop of Lincoln, ref1, ref2
Gunpowder Plot (1605), ref1, ref2
Gustavus Adolphus, king of Sweden, ref1
Gwyn, Nell, ref1, ref2
Habeas Corpus Act (1679), ref1; James II wishes to repeal, ref2
Habsburg family: and Bohemia, ref1, ref2
hackney carriages, ref1
Halifax, George Savile, 1st marquess of, ref1, ref2, ref3
Hall, Joseph: Characters of Virtues and Vices, ref1
Hallam, Henry, ref1
Halley, Edmund, ref1
Hamilton, James, 1st duke of, ref1
Hamilton, James, 2nd marquess of, ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Hammond, Colonel Robert, ref1, ref2
Hampden, John: imprisoned, ref1; tried before court of exchequer, ref2; supports Scots against Charles I, ref3; supports Providence Island Company, ref4; Strafford threatens, ref5; impeachment charges against, ref6; and Cromwell’s low estimate of parliamentary army, ref7, ref8; dies of wounds, ref9
Hampton Court: conference (1604), ref1, ref2; Charles I at, ref3, ref4
Harington, Sir John: on Hampton Court debate, ref1; on court behaviour, ref2; Suffolk advises on gaining favour at court, ref3; appointed tutor to Prince Henry, ref4
Harley, Lady Brilliana, ref1
Harrington, James: Oceana, ref1
Harrison, Sir John, ref1
Haselrig, Sir Arthur, ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Hastings, Henry, ref1
Hatfield House, Hertfordshire, ref1
Heads of the Proposals, ref1
hearth tax (1662), ref1
Henri IV, king of France: assassinated, ref1
Henrietta Anne, Princess, duchess of Orléans, ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Henrietta Maria, wife of Charles I: betrothal, ref1; marriage, ref2; Catholicism, ref3; marriage relations, ref4, ref5, ref6; declines to attend coronation, ref7; French attendants sent home, ref8; poverty, ref9; birth of son Charles, ref10; in masques and theatrical pieces, ref11, ref12; offended by Prynne, ref13; on Scottish service book, ref14; supports husband, ref15, ref16; defies parliamentary control of court and council, ref17; threatened with impeachment, ref18; leaves for Holland (1642), ref19; sends arms from Holland, ref20; returns from exile in war, ref21; exile abroad, ref22; mediates between Charles II and Louis XIV, ref23
Henry, Philip, ref1
Henry, Prince (Charles I’s son), ref1
Henry, prince of Wales: tutored by Harington, ref1; character, ref2; betrothal to Maria Anna, ref3; death, ref4
Herbert, Sir Edward, ref1
Heylyn, Peter, ref1, ref2
Heyman, Sir Peter, ref1
Hobbes, Thomas: on death of Laud, ref1; career, ref2; and political theory, ref3, ref4; Leviathan, ref5
Holborne, Sir Robert, ref1
Holland, Henry Rich, 1st earl of, ref1
Holland: Henrietta Maria travels to, ref1; see also Dutch Republic
Hollar, Wenceslaus, ref1
Holles, Denzil, ref1, ref2; impeachment charges against, ref3
Holmby House, Northamptonshire, ref1
Holt, Wiltshire, ref1
Holy Roman Empire: in Thirty Years War, ref1
honours: sale under James I, ref1, ref2
Hooke, Robert, ref1, ref2
Hopkins, Sir William, ref1
Hopton, Sir Ralph, ref1
Hotham, Sir John, as governor of Hull, ref1, ref2
Hough, John, bishop of Worcester, ref1
Houghton, John: Collection of Letters for the Improvement of Husbandry and Trade, ref1
Hounslow Heath, ref1
Howard family: oppose Buckingham, ref1
Howe, John Grubham, ref1
Hudlestone, John, ref1
Huguenots, ref1, ref2, ref3; see also Protestantism
Hull: military arsenal, ref1, ref2; Charles I denied entry, ref3
Hunt, Leigh, ref1
Huntingdon, Henry Hastings, 5th earl of, ref1
Hurst Castle, Hampshire, ref1
Hutchinson, George, ref1
Hutchinson, Colonel John, ref1
Hutchinson, Lucy (née Apsley), ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4; Memoirs of the Life of Colonel Hutchinson, ref5
hygiene: Pepys and, ref1
‘incident, the’, ref1
Independents (sect), ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
‘Instrument of Government’ (Lambert’s), ref1, ref2
intelligencers (busy-bodies), ref1
Ireland: Strafford (Wentworth) in, ref1; rebellion (1641), ref2, ref3, ref4; social structure and land ownership, ref5; English forces sent to, ref6; New Model Army destined for, ref7; Charles I seeks to raise army in, ref8; Cromwell deputed to subdue, ref9; Cromwell travels to and suppresses, ref10; Act of Settlement (1652), ref11; ordinance incorporating into commonwealth, ref12
Ireton, Sir Henry, ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Ironsides, ref1
Jaffray, Alexander, ref1
Jamaica, ref1, ref2
James, Henry, ref1
James I, king of England ( James VI of Scotland): accession to English throne, ref1, ref2; journey from Edinburgh to London, ref3, ref4; appearance and manner, ref5, ref6; creates new knights, ref7; coronation, ref8; plot against, ref9; personal retinue and court, ref10; clerical and religious discussions, ref11; learning, ref12; relations with Parliament, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18, ref19; honoured and praised, ref20; hunting, ref21, ref22, ref23; informed of Gunpowder Plot, ref24; court laxity and excesses, ref25, ref26; behaviour, ref27; favourites, ref28, ref29, ref30, ref31, ref32, ref33, ref34; extravagance and debts, ref35,
ref36; view of law, ref37, ref38, ref39; financial situation, ref40, ref41, ref42, ref43, ref44; and royal power, ref45; joins Protestant Union, ref46; sells honours and titles, ref47, ref48; progress to Newark (1612), ref49; and Somerset’s self-pardon, ref50; health declines, ref51, ref52, ref53, ref54, ref55; rebukes judges, ref56; progress to Edinburgh (1617), ref57; and Bohemian crisis, ref58, ref59, ref60, ref61; progress (1620), ref62; and parliament’s petitions against Catholics and Spain, ref63, ref64; Mytens portrait, ref65; loses popular support, ref66; fears treason, ref67; thrown from horse and falls through ice, ref68; and son Charles’s visit to Spain with Buckingham, ref69, ref70; near-war with Dutch (1623), ref71; and prospective war with Spain, ref72; final letter to Buckingham, ref73; death, ref74; called ‘the wisest fool in Christendom’, ref75; attends and finances masques, ref76; religious views, ref77; distributes land in Ireland, ref78; Basilikon Doron, ref79; Declaration of Sports, ref80, ref81
James II, king (earlier James, duke of York): marriage to Anne Hyde, ref1; Catholicism, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7; sea victory over Dutch, ref8; assists in Great Fire of London, ref9; retires from public life, ref10; marriage to Mary of Modena, ref11; Charles II tells of French subsidies, ref12; and rumoured plot against Charles II, ref13; Shaftesbury opposes as successor to Charles II, ref14, ref15, ref16; refuses to return to Anglicanism and takes exile in Spanish Netherlands, ref17; in exclusion crisis, ref18, ref19; Charles II’s low opinion of, ref20; contends for throne, ref21; regains powers, ref22; character and qualities, ref23; succeeds to throne, ref24; maintains standing army, ref25; appoints Catholic officers to army and navy, ref26; relations with Louis XIV, ref27; tensions with parliament, ref28; declaration of indulgence order, ref29; and William of Orange’s invasion, ref30; opposes William of Orange, ref31; flees, apprehended and returned to London, ref32; allowed to escape abroad, ref33; exile in France, ref34
Civil War: The History of England Volume III Page 56
