J.M.W. Turner

by Anthony Bailey

  Saltash, Cornwall 1

  Saltram 1

  San Giorgio, Venice 1

  Sand Pit Close, Twickenham 1

  Sandby, Paul 1

  Sandwich 1

  Sandycombe Lodge (previously ‘Solus Lodge’), Twickenham 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7; described 1;

  fishpond 1, 2, 3, 4;

  life at 1;

  members of the Academy Club entertained 1;

  name changed to 1;

  survival of 1;

  T builds 1, 2, 3, 4;

  T sells 1, 2;

  T’s father and see under Turner, William

  Santissima Trinidad (ship) 1

  Saône River 1, 2

  Sarre-valli 1

  Savoy 1, 2

  Savoy Palace 1

  Sawyer, Mr (Hammersmith boatmaster) 1

  Schaffhausen fall 1

  Schetky, Alick 1

  Schetky, Jane 1, 2

  Schetky, John Christian 1, 2, 3, 4

  Schuyler, Montgomery 1

  Scotland 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8

  Scott, David 1

  Scott, Samuel 1

  Scott, Sir Walter 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15

  Sea Reach 1

  Seasons (Thomson) 1, 2

  Sefton, Countess of 1, 2

  Sefton, Earl of 1, 2

  Seguier, F. P. 1

  Seine, River 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

  Sens 1

  Sense and Sensibility (Austen) 1

  Serpentine, Hyde Park 1

  Serres, Dominic 1

  Serres, John Thomas 1, 2

  Serres, Olivia 1

  Severn, Joseph 1

  Severn, River 1, 2

  Sfax, Tunisia 1

  Shakespeare, William 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

  Shanes, Eric 1

  Shaw, Dr 1

  Shee, Sir Martin Archer 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14

  Sheepshanks, John 1, 2, 3

  Sheerness, Kent 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

  Shelley, Percy Bysshe 1, 2, 3

  Sheppey 1, 2

  Sherrell, Francis 1

  Sherridan, J. 1

  Shillingford, Oxfordshire 1

  Ship and Bladebone inn, Wapping 1, 2

  Ship inn, Margate 1

  Shippen, Peggy 1

  Shoeburyness, Essex 1

  Sickert, Walter 1, 2

  Sidmouth, Devon 1

  Simon, Lady 1

  Simplon pass 1, 2

  Sir John Soane’s Museum, Lincoln’s Inn Fields 1

  Skipton 1

  slavery 1

  Smirke, Robert 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

  Smith, John Raphael 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

  Smith, Sydney 1

  Smith (tenant) 1

  Smollett, Tobias 1

  Soane, Sir John 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16

  Soane, Mrs 1

  Society for the Betterment of the Conditions of the Poor 1

  Sockett, Reverend Thomas 1, 2

  Soho Square, London 1, 2

  Solent 1, 2, 3

  Solus Lodge see Sandycombe Lodge

  Somers Town, London 1

  Somerset House, London 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7; Great Room 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,

  see also under Royal Academy

  South Foreland lighthouse 1

  South of France 1

  South Kensington Museum 1

  South Molton, Devon 1, 2

  South Western Railway Company 1

  Southampton Street, London 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

  Southend, Essex 1

  Southwold, Suffolk 1, 2

  Spanish Chapel, Manchester Square, London 1

  Spanish Steps, Rome 1

  ‘Spectacle Mecanique’, King Street 1, 2

  Spectator 1

  Spenser, Lady 1

  Spezzia 1

  Spithead 1, 2, 3

  Spread Eagle inn, Strand, London 1

  Staffa 1, 2

  Stanfield, Clarkson 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14; Throwing the Painter 1

  Stanfield, Rebecca 1

  Steers, Dr 1

  Stephens, Frederick George 1

  Stillman, William J. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

  Stoke Point 1

  Stokes, Charles 1, 2, 3, 4

  Stonehenge 1, 2

  Stothard, Thomas 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

  Stourhead, Wiltshire 1

  Straits of Dover 1

  Strand, London 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12

  Strawberry Hill, Twickenham, Middlesex 1

  Strong, Wally 1

  Strowger, Sam 1

  Stubbs, George (Phaeton and the horses of the sun) 1

  Summer (Pope) 1

  ‘Summer’ (Thomson) 1

  Sun 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

  Sunningwell, Oxfordshire 1, 2

  Sunningwell Church, Oxfordshire 1

  Sunny Memories (Lloyd) 1

  Surrey 1, 2

  Sussex 1, 2, 3

  Sutherland, Lady 1

  Swan inn, Lambeth 1

  Swan inn, Walton 1

  Swift, Dean (Jonathan) 1

  Swinburne, Edward 1

  Swinburne, Sir John 1

  Switzerland 1, 2, 3, 4, 5; T in 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

  Syon Ferry 1

  Syon Ferry House, Isleworth 1, 2, 3

  Syon House, Isleworth 1, 2, 3

  Tabley Hall, Cheshire 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8

  Talbot (paddle-steamer) 1

  Tamar, River 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

  ‘The Taste’ 1, 2, 3, 4

  Tate Gallery of British Art, Millbank, Clore wing 1

  Tatler 1

  Tattersall, Reverend James 1

  Tavistock 1

  Tavistock Place, London 1

  Tavistock Street, London 1

  Tavistock Street, London. No.2 1

  Taylor, Dr Brook 1

  Taylor, John 1, 2, 3

  Taylor, Tom 1

  Teddington, Middlesex 1

  Tees, River 1, 2

  Teesdale 1, 2

  Temeraire (ship) 1, 2, 3, 4

  The Tempest (Shakespeare) 1, 2

  Teniers, David, the younger 1, 2

  Tepper, Jabez 1, 2, 3, 4

  Tepper, Mary Turner (T’s cousin) 1

  Terni 1

  Thackeray, William Makepeace 1, 2, 3, 4

  Thames Ditton, Surrey 1

  Thames, River 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15; at Brentford 1, 2, 3;

  at Chelsea 1, 2, 3;

  and Eastern Dock 1;

  the frozen 1, 2;

  and Greenwich 1, 2, 3;

  at Hammersmith 1;

  and the Houses of Parliament fire 1;

  at Isleworth 1, 2, 3, 4;

  at Mortlake 1;

  and Rain, Steam, and Speed 1;

  at Richmond 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6;

  Syon Ferry House and 1;

  and T’s fishing 1;

  T’s preoccupation with 1

  Thames Estuary 1

  Thanet coast 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

  Thatch’d House Alley, London 1

  Thatched House club, St James’s Street 1, 2

  Thompson, Thomas James 1

  Thompson, Thomas William (T’s grandson) 1

  Thomson, Henry, RA 1, 2; Crossing the Brook (1803) 1

  Thomson, James 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10

  Thornbury, Walter 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37

  Thornhill, Sir James 1

  Three Pigeons inn, Brentford 1

  Thurlestone, Devon 1

  Tilbury, London 1, 2

  Times 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8

  Tintoretto, Jacopo Robusti 1, 2

  Titian 1, 2, 3; Christ crowned with Thorns 1;

  Death of St Peter Martyr 1;

  The Entombment 1

  Tivoli 1

  Tobermory 1

  Todd, Joseph 1

  Tomkison, Humphrey 1, 2, 3

  Tomkison, Thomas 1

  To
oke, Horne 1

  Torbay, Devon 1

  Tothill Fields, London 1

  Tour through Italy (Eustace) 1

  Tower of London 1, 2, 3

  Tradescant, John 1

  Trafalgar, Battle of 1, 2, 3, 4

  Trafalgar Square, London 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

  ‘The Transformation of Appullus’ (Ovid) 1

  Trarbach 1

  Travels (Bruce) 1

  Tredcroft, Mrs 1

  Tremlouw, Richard 1

  Tréport 1

  Trevelyan, Lady Pauline 1

  Trevor-Roper, Patrick 1

  Trimmer, Reverend Henry Scott 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8; becomes a close friend of T’s 1;

  death 1;

  and Frosty Morning 1;

  at Hammersmith 1;

  ordained in the Church of England 1;

  at Sandycombe Lodge 1;

  in Southwold 1, 2;

  and T’s boat 1;

  and T’s favourite colour 1;

  and T’s kindness 1;

  and T’s response to criticism 1;

  and T’s will 1, 2, 3, 4;

  as the Vicar of Heston 1, 2, 3;

  visits T in Queen Anne Street 1

  Trimmer, Henry Syer 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15

  Trimmer, James 1

  Trimmer, Mrs 1

  Trimmer, Sarah (née Kirby) 1, 2

  Trimmer family 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

  True Briton 1, 2

  Turin 1, 2, 3

  Turk’s Head inn, Strand, London 1

  Turner, Charles 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15

  Turner, Dawson 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

  Turner, Evelina (T’s daughter; later Dupuis) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14

  Turner, Georgiana (T’s daughter; later Thompson) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

  Turner, Joseph Mallard William, RA, accent 1, 2; affair with Sarah Danby see Danby, Sarah; amasses property 1;

  appearance 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22;

  and architecture 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10;

  in the Artists General Benevolent Institution 1;

  Beaumont’s criticisms 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6;

  birth of Evelina 1;

  birth of Georgiana 1;

  boating 1, 2, 3;

  christened 1;

  claims to have been born in the country 1;

  Claude influences 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18;

  copying 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8;

  and daguerrotypes 1;

  daughter Evelina marries 1;

  death and funeral (December 1851) 1, 2;

  death of Georgiana 1;

  death of his little sister 1, 2, 3;

  death of his mother (1804) 1;

  devoted to his art 1, 2;

  dislike of dealers 1, 2, 3;

  drinking 1, 2, 3, 4;

  Dutch painters’ influence 1;

  Dutch themes in his paintings 1;

  early drawing 1, 2, 3, 4, 5;

  education 1, 2, 3, 4, 5;

  elected ARA (1799) 1, 2;

  elected Professor of Perspective 1;

  elected RA (1802) 1;

  and engravings 1;

  eyesight 1, 2;

  first attempt to become an Associate (1798) 1, 2;

  first exhibited oil (1796) 1;

  first Italian tour (1819) 1;

  first signed drawings 1;

  first watercolour exhibited at the RA (1790) 1, 2;

  fishing 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6;

  founds ‘the White Painters’ 1;

  his galleries 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36;

  as a good salesman for his work 1;

  grasp of naval detail admired 1;

  health 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17;

  helps other painters 1, 2, 3, 4, 5;

  and his father’s death 1;

  and his mother’s admission to Bethlehem Hospital 1, 2;

  and his mother’s death 1, 2, 3;

  inventory of his possessions (1854) 1;

  jilted in Margate 1, 2;

  last exhibits at the RA (1850) 1;

  lectures on perspective (1811–28) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7;

  looks after his father 1;

  Loutherbourg influences 1;

  Low Countries tours 1, 2;

  Malton influences 1, 2, 3;

  in Margate as a child 1;

  and marriage 1;

  mental health 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7;

  moves to Chelsea (1846) 1;

  moves to Hand Court 1;

  moves to Harley Street 1;

  and music 1;

  and Nelson 1;

  and painting in the open air 1, 2;

  Petworth’s role 1;

  and politics 1, 2, 3;

  his reading 1;

  and Rembrandt 1, 2, 3, 4, 5;

  resigns his professorship (1838) 1, 2, 3;

  and the Royal Academy see Royal Academy;

  Royal Academy Schools; in Scotland 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6;

  and Sophia Booth see Booth, Sophia;

  spelling and syntax problems 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6;

  statue in St Paul’s 1, 2;

  and the status of landscape painting 1, 2;

  stays with his uncle in Brentford 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6;

  ‘stolen proofs’ drama 1, 2;

  tablet to his parents 1, 2;

  as a teacher 1;

  tours see individual countries;

  his travelling paint-box 1, 2, 3, 4;

  and varnishing days 1, 2, 3, 4;

  visits Delacroix 1, 2, 3;

  wills and testaments 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13;

  works for Dr Monro 1, 2, 3;

  works for John Lees 1, 2, 3;

  works for John Raphael Smith 1, 2, 3, 4;

  personality: attracted to water 1, 2, 3, 4, 5; churlishness 1, 2;

  competitiveness 1, 2, 3, 4;

  fondness of children 1;

  gregariousness 1, 2, 3;

  interest in theatre 1, 2;

  as a keen observer 1, 2, 3, 4;

  need for mystery 1, 2, 3;

  non-conformism 1;

  Ruskin on 1;

  solitary nature 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7;

  thought processes 1

  style: artistic freedom 1, 2; breadth and harmony 1;

  brushes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6;

  careful detail/precision 1, 2, 3;

  chiaroscuro 1, 2, 3;

  cloud study 1, 2;

  colour 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37;

  use of coloured paper or paper stained with dark washes 1;

  dramatic compositions 1, 2;

  figure-drawing criticised 1;

  finishing skills judged 1;

  uses gouache 1;

  impasto 1;

  indistinctness becomes his forte 1, 2;

  and Italy’s impact 1;

  lack of longevity of his paintings 1;

  layers of wash 1;

  light 1, 2, 3, 4, 5;

  light and shade 1, 2, 3;

  line 1, 2;

  makes drawing after drawing before painting 1;

  palettes 1, 2, 3, 4;

  use of pasted cut-out figures 1, 2, 3;

  preoccupation with fire 1;

  preserves areas of white 1, 2;

  reflections and refraction 1, 2, 3, 4, 5;

  secretive about his work 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6;

  shadows 1, 2, 3, 4;

  short-cuts 1;

  swirling effect 1, 2;

  vortex effect 1, 2;

  watercolour methods 1;

  white grounds 1, 2

  drawings and sketchbooks: ‘Actually Last Sketchbook’ (c. 1847) 1;

  Attalus declaring the Greek States to be free 1;

 
boat sketching 1, 2, 3, 4, 5;

  Brighton sketchbook (1796) 1;

  ‘Brown Eyes’ 1;

  ‘Chemistry & Apuleia’ sketchbook 1, 2;

  ‘Cockermouth’ sketchbook 1, 2;

  ‘Colour Studies’ 1;

  ‘Death of Achelous’ 1;

  ‘Death of Liseus’ 1;

  ‘Death of Nessus’ 1;

  ‘Derbyshire’ sketchbook 1;

  ‘Devon Rivers’ sketchbooks 1;

  ‘Dogs and Cats’ 1;

  ‘Dolbadarn’ sketchbook 1;

  ‘Eneas and Evander’ 1;

  ‘Farnley’ sketchbook 1;

  ‘Finance’ sketchbook 1;

  ‘Frittlewell’ sketchbook 1;

  ‘Girl breaking off sticks and putting them on the grate’ 1;

  ‘Girl filling the tin kettle out of a large brown jug’ 1;

  ‘Hastings’ sketchbook 1, 2, 3;

  ‘Hastings to Margate’ sketchbook 1;

  ‘Ideas of Folkestone’ sketchbook 1;

  ‘Lowther’ sketchbook 1;

  ‘Marford Mill’ sketchbook (1794) 1;

  Neptune’s Trident 1;

  The North-West View of Friar Bacon’s Study and Folly Bridge, Oxford 1, 2;

  organises his sketchbooks 1;

  ‘Oxford’ sketchbook 1;

  ‘Perspective sketchbook 1, 2;

  printmaking sketches 1;

  Ruskin culls sketchbooks after T’s death 1;

  ‘St Gothard and Mont Blanc’ sketchbook 1;

  sketches of Petworth 1;

  ‘Smaller South Wales’ sketchbook (1795) 1;

  ‘South Wales’ sketchbook (1795) 1;

  Spilt milk 1;

  ‘Spithead’ sketchbook 1;

  ‘Studies for Pictures, Isleworth’ sketchbook 1, 2;

  ‘Studies for Pictures’ sketchbook (1800–1802) 1;

  ‘Studies in the Louvre’ sketchbook 1, 2;

  Sussex sketchbook 1;

  ‘Tabley Hall’ sketchbook 1, 2;

  ‘Tabley no. 3’ sketchbook 1;

  ‘Ulysses and Poly’ 1;

  View of Nuneham Courtenay from the Thames 1, 2;

  ‘Wilson’ sketchbook 1;

  ‘Woodcock Shooting’ sketchbook 1

  illustrations: 1; Aesacus and Hesperie 1;

  Annual Tours 1, 2;

  Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage 1;

  The Epicurean (Moore) 1;

  Friendship’s Offering 1;

  From Spenser’s Fairy Queen 1;

  The Harbours of England (previously The Ports of England) 1;

  A History of Richmondshire (Whitaker) 1, 2, 3;

  Hythe 1;

  Italy (Rogers) 1, 2, 3;

  Lake Albano 1;

  Lake of Thun 1;

  Landscape Illustrations of the Bible (Finden brothers) 1;