The Annotated Milton: Complete English Poems
Page 83
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1672 Osiris was husband to Isis; Horus (Orus) was their son
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1673 tricked, deceived, imposed upon
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1674 produced, made up
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1675 linked to Apis, the sacred bull of Egypt
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1676 Horeb: the mountain where God gave Moses the Ten Commandments; the Israelites waiting below demanded an idol to worship and Aaron, taking their gold jewelry, melted it and made them a golden calf
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1677 Jeroboam, king of Judah, 930–910 B.C., made not one but two golden calves for his people to worship
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1678 holy site, north of Jerusalem
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1679 holy site in far northern Palestine
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1680 “They made a calf in Horeb, and worshiped the molten [golden] image,/Thus they changed their glory [i.e., God] into the similitude of an ox that eateth grass.” Psalm 106:19–20
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1681 by extension, the Israelites
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1682 made equal
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1683 “For I [the Lord] will pass through the land of Egypt this night, and will smite all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast, and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgment.” Exodus 12:12
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1684 “wickedness”
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1685 monstrous, flagrant
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1686 see I Samuel 2:12–17
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1687 (1) lecherous, unchaste, outrageous, (2) given to luxury
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1688 debauchery, dissipation, extravagance, loose living, etc.
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1689 wrongful treatment, violation of another’s rights
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1690 intemperance, excess, violent/disorderly behavior
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1691 a common Puritan insult, borrowed from the Hebrew bene Belial,“sons of Belial”
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1692 inflated
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1693 a city in the Jordan plain, destroyed by God because of its wickedness
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1694 see Judges 19:22–30
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1695 cast out
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1696 married woman (though in fact the woman was a concubine)
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1697 i.e., homosexual rape of a man
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1698 primary
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1699 widely
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1700 celebrated, famous
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1701 Javan = Ion: his issue were the Ionian (western Asia Minor) Greeks
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1702 admitted, acknowledged
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1703 Uranus’ oldest son, Saturn’s older brother
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1704 Saturn, overthrown by Jove
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1705 Uranus’ daughter, Cronus’ wife
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1706 like measure = equal treatment
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1707 Mount Ida (in Crete)
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1708 mountain in Thessaly: the gods’ home
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1709 true heaven is the highest; the middle air is for demons—and for the Greek gods, according to Milton; in the lower air is the earth (and Hades underneath it)
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1710 or = whether
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1711 the oracle of Apollo at Delphi
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1712 the oracle of Zeus at Dodona
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1713 boundaries, limits
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1714 Doric land = southern Greece
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1715 the Adriatic Sea
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1716 western, Italian
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1717 i.e., Britain and Ireland
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1718 dejected
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1719 hidden
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1720 Satan
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1721 a similar
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1722 uncertain, unsettled
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1723 appearance
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1724 accustomed
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1725 appearance
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1726 immediately
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1727 a form of trumpet, shrill-sounding
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1728 raised
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1729 banner, flag
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1730 in Judaism, the very personification of impurity, an archdemon
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1731 flagpole
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1732 presented, put forward
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1733 vault, hollow
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1734 realm
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1735 brilliant, sparkling, radiant, lustrous
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1736 helmets
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1737 pressed close together
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1738 quickly
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1739 close-packed battle array, sixteen-man-deep square, perfected by the Romans
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1740 mode, scale
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1741 wooden flutes, not held transversely, as is the flute properly so called
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1742 composure, state of mind
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1743 lacking
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1744 mollify, appease
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1745 assuage: soften, pacify
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1746 bristling, frightful
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1747 battle line
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1748 fearfully/exceedingly long
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1749 weapons
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1750 semblance, external appearance
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1751 arranged
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1752 lay on, give
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1753 rows
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1754 passing across, side to side (in ranks) rather than front to back (in files)
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1755 proper
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1756 counts up
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1757 swells, expands
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1758 (1) actual, concrete, (2) joined in one group/body
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1759 mentioned (for purposes of comparison)
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1760 be entitled to, be deserving of
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1761 i.e., any more than
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1762 pygmies: the battle is in Homer’s Iliad, III:1–5; Milton returns to it in lines 780–81, below
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1763 in Chalcidice, where the giants warred with the gods
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1764 part of the Oedipus story: see Aeschylus, The Seven Against Thebes
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1765 Troy
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1766 auxiliary
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1767 echoes, rings
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1768 King Arthur
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1769 surrounded by
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1770 of Brittany
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1771 knightly combat (pronounced “justed”)
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1772 castle near Nice, where Charlemagne fought
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1773 Rinaldo’s castle: see Ariosto, Orlando Furioso
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1774 Damascus, where Moslem and Christian knights jousted, in Orlando Furioso
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1775 Morocco (city): see footnote 396, below
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1776 on the southern coast of the Black Sea
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1777 Bizerta, in Tunisia, like Morocco a famous site of knightly tournaments
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1778 in La Chanson de Roland, it is Roland rather than Charlemagne who dies at Roncevaux, not far from Fontarabbia
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1779 with (merely)
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1780 revered, feared
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1781 ominous, ill-boding
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1782 sprinkles, lets fall on, pours out, drops
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1783 confuses, makes uncertain
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1784 furrowed
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1785 deliberate, prudent
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1786 dropped
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1787 partners, colleagues
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1788 fate, destiny
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1789 punished
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1790 blast/scorch/sear with fire/heat
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1791 noble, majestic, imposing
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1792 blighted, withered
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1793 tried, attempted
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1794 in spite of = with contempt for
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1795 except
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1796 outcome
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1797 dreadful, terrible
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1798 predicting
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1799 rebuff, being forced/driven back
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1800 powerful
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1801 armies
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1802 judgment, opinion, direction
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1803 at full = completely
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1804 worked
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1805 “His strength”
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1806 act, business
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1807 secret, confidential
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1808 plan, scheme
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1809 brought about, accomplished
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1810 discover
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1811 common, prevalent
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1812 rumor
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1813 special, select [adjective]
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1814 attention, consideration
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1815 breaking/bursting forth
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1816 hide, wrap
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1817 i.e., from scabbards strapped to their thighs
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1818 (1) very much, (2) proudly, arrogantly
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1819 clutched and held firmly
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1820 reverberating, sonorous
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1821 ugly, horrible
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1822 “the whole rest”
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1823 a scale/crust (of hardened sulfur, combined with volcanic flow)
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1824 current science taught that metals formed by mercury combining with sulfur
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1825 soldiers with shovels and axes
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1826 run in front of, precede
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1827 dig trenches in
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1828 to throw up, with shovels or spades
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1829 defensive mound, usually of earth
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1830 upright, elevated
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1831 aught…else = anyone else
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1832 blessed
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1833 (of the earth)
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1834 plundered, robbed
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1835 veins (of ore)
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1836 be surprised/amazed/astonished
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1837 curse
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1838 (1) brag of, (2) glory in
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1839 Egyptian
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1840 condemned, depraved, rejected by God
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1841 i.e., Memphian kings et al.
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1842 near
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1843 pits
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1844 drawn
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1845 skill
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1846 melted
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1847 dense
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1848 separating
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1849 skimmed
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1850 golden dregs
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1851 as soon = quickly
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1852 versatile
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1853 unknown
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1854 soon
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1855 structure, building
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1856 sweet, pleasing
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1857 harmonious music
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1858 pillars, columns
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1859 a form of Greek architecture
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1860 support beams of various types
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1861 lack
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1862 ornamental molding
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1863 decoration applied between the architrave and the cornice
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1864 bossy sculptures = bas-relief sculptures
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1865 adorned, carved
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1866 ancient Memphis, near modern Cairo
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1867 Belus or Serapis = Baal or Osiris
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1868 enthrone, establish
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1869 lofty/large building/structure
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1870 (1) located, established, (2) firm, stable
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1871 (1) brass, (2) hardened in their effrontery
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1872 reveal
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1873 suspended, hung
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1874 intricate, delicate, skillful, expert, ingenious
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1875 firepots
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1876 swift, hurrying
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1877 Italian
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1878 Mulciber = Hephaestus/Vulcan
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1879 talked idly, lied about
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1880 steeply, perpendicularly
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1881 fortifications placed on top of walls
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1882 directly overhead
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1883 tell, recount
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1884 mob, rabble
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1885 machines, devices
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1886 hardworking, skillful, ingenious
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1887 solemnly impressive/majestic
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1888 multitude
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1889 i.e., all the spirits/demons
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1890 precisely formed
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1891 position, post, rank
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1892 soon, quickly
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1893 escorted
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1894 approaches
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1895 were in the habit, accustomed to
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1896 Sultan’s
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1897 pagan
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1898 encounter, charge
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1899 outskirts
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1900 walk and speak
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1901 closed in, compacted
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1902 the Himalayas
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1903 merrymaking
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1904 tardy, late-coming
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1905 person in charge
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1906 revolves, turns, rolls, moves
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1907 way, onward movement
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1908 joyful
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1909 i.e., the watching peasant
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1910 at large = at liberty, free
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1911 sovereign establishment
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1912 assembly
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1913 crowded
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1914 is
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1915 put forward
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1916 occupy
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1917 abyss
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1918 Persian Gulf city of great wealth
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1919 India
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1920 showy, magnificent
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1921 unsatisfiable
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1922 (1) failure, misfortune, (2) result, sequel (to the first attempt)
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1923 abyss
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1924 (1) strength, energy, (2) mental acuity
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1925 the seventh of the nine angelic orders
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1926 “Although just right [fair law] at first created me….
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