The Red Army Faction, a Documentary History
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Anders, Freia 166
Andrawes, Souhaila 40, 345
Angola 2, 8, 138, 146, 305
anti-Americanism 178. See also Federal Republic of Germany: considered a colony
anticommunist rabble-rousing 17, 78, 141, 298, 309
Antideutsche movement 358
anti-imperialism 64, 168, 171–172; criticism of 56–57, 145–146, 216–219; and Geneva Convention 102; and NATO 167, 172–174, 177–179, 190, 284–285, 288–289. See also RAF ideas on: NATO; and North American left 171; and prisoners 174, 178, 285; and RAF 20, 63, 178, 202, 240. See also RAF ideas on: proletarian internationalism; refocussing on metropole 138–139, 172–173, 212. See also RAF ideas on: metropolitan focus; and Revolutionary Cells 64, 69, 71; and 2nd of June Movement 62, 64, 66, 73, 132, 137–139; and Soviet bloc 218. See also RAF ideas on: the Soviet Union
Anti-Imperialist Front 227, 286–287, 292–296; outlined in May Paper 211–214, 235, 238–243; mentioned in other documents 118, 198, 200, 276, 285, 304, 310, 335
Antiimperialistischer Kampf xx, 217–219
anti-imperialist movement. See Autonomen and anti-imps; See anti-imperialism; See militant women’s movement
anti-imps xxvi, 168. See also Autonomen and anti-imps
antimilitarism. See peace and antiwar movements
antinuclear movement 77–82; concept of “atomic state” 83; and RAF 81, 152–153; and Revolutionary Cells 81–82, 381; mentioned by 2nd of June Movement 148; Brokdorf (1976) 79, 81, 372; Brokdorf (1980 and 1981) 166; Gorleben (1979) 379; Gorleben (1980) 148n, 166; Gorleben (1982) 166; Grohnde (1977) 80, 81, 373; Kalkar (1977) 82–83, 374; Kalkar (1982) 166; Wyhl (1975) 78, 371
Anti-Repression Conference (1976) 98
antisemitism 353, 355; selection at Entebbe 72–73
anti-“terrorist” consensus 44, 173. See also RAF ideas on: imperialist unification; and Federal Republic of Germany 67, 247, 255, 258–260, 377–378; and Third World 47n, 71–72, 247, 258–260, 378–379
antiwar movement. See peace and antiwar movements
anti-Zionism 69–70, 71, 353.
APO (Außerparlamentarische Opposition) xx, 16–18, 88, 141. See also generations: APO; women 89
Arbeitskreis politische Prozesse (APG) xx, 60, 375
Asdonk, Brigitte 345; hunger strike (1980) 151, 381
Audran, René 295, 357
Augustin, Barbara 188, 345
Augustin, Ronald 345–346
Austria. See also Revolutionary Cells: OPEC raid in Vienna (1975); See also 2nd of June Movement: Palmers kidnapping (1977); and Palestinians 258, 260; and West German guerillas 59–61, 353, 354
Autonomen and anti-imps xxvi, 126n, 161i, 167–168, 168i, 207i, 209, 214. See also squats; See also militant women’s movement; See also support scene; origins (1970s) 126, 164; and Bremen riots (1980) 126, 187; and protests at Startbahn West (1980s) 166–167, 188, 288; and protests against Haig (1981) 181–182, 188; and protests against Reagan (1982) 223, 225–226, 386; and protests against Bush (1983) 284–286; and antinuclear movement 126, 164, 166; and antiwar movement 172–173, 178–179, 185, 224, 281–285, 387; and RAF 168–169, 191, 202; and Revolutionary Cells 168–169, 191; and 2nd of June Movement 147
Autonomie 80n, 360
autonomous women’s movement 126n. See also militant women’s movement
Avdic, Karin 101n, 229
Baader, Andreas 50, 140n, 267, 304, 345; Frankfurt department stores arson (1968) 19, 156n, 366; library breakout (1970) 19, 367; captured (1972) 24, 369; release demanded by Black September (1972) 259; interviewed by Spiegel (1975) 370; Stammheim trial (1976-1977) 30, 250, 365, 373; in Stammheim prison (1977) 34, 36, 39; death in Stammheim (1977) 38, 41–42, 45, 374. See also Stammheim deaths (1977)
Bachmann, Josef 366
Baden-Württemberg LKA 29n,
Bahr, Egon 308, 345
Bakker Schut, Pieter 94, 346
bank robberies; and RAF 22, 104, 108–111, 135, 141, 228, 286, 354, 367, 381, 388; and 2nd of June Movement 56, 108–109, 141, 367; other 348
Barabaß, Ingrid 346; captured and extradited (1980) 129–131, 382; hunger strike (1982) 188
Barz, Ingeborg 251n,
Baumann, Jürgen 65, 346
Baumann, Michael “Bommi” 367
Baum, Gerhart 67, 259, 261i, 346, 377; and Boock 264–265, 268; and Hans- Joachim Klein 266; and Horst Herold 257, 384; and Horst Mahler 261–262, 382; mentioned by 2nd of June Movement 148; supports dialogue with far left and resocialization 148, 256–258, 261–266, 268
BAW (Bundesanwaltschaft) xx, 33–34, 41, 287n. See also RAF: attack on the BAW (1977); See also psychological warfare: BAW; and counterinsurgency 150, 199, 229, 284; and prisoners 36–37, 114, 190, 265, 269, 278, 279, 299–301, 343
Beauvoir, Simone de 31
Becher (CSU) 300
Becker, Eberhard 35n, 369
Becker, Verena 62, 93, 230i–231i, 346, 375; captured (1972) 62; freed in Lorenz kidnapping (1975) 57n, 371; captured (1977) 35, 373; trial (1977) 375–376; and Verfassungsschutz (1981-1982) 230–231, 365, 383, 385; trial (2012) xviii, 230n; support from sister 153
Beer, Henning 133, 204, 346; Zurich bank robbery (1979) 109–111, 381; leaves RAF (1981) 204–205; cooperated with investigators 337, 341
Beer, Wolfgang 133i, 346; captured (1974) 35n, 369; in Stammheim (1977) 35–36; release and dpa occupation (1978) 97, 378. See also dpa occupation (1978); return to RAF (1979) 127; dies in car accident (1980) 133, 150, 382; and May Paper 220; and Stasi 337
Beitz, Berthold 306n,
Belgium 39, 94, 106–107, 293
Benno Ohnesorg Commando 61
Berberich, Monika 43–44, 50, 108, 346, 370; escape from prison and recapture (1976) 58–59, 372; in prison 67–68, 103–104, 380
Berger, Manfred 163, 346
Bergmann, Ulrich 104
Berufsverbot xxvii, 81n, 98, 100, 376
BGS (Bundesgrenzschutz) xx, 80, 223
Biehal, Christine 55
Biehal, Harald 55
Bild Zeitung 366
bin Laden, Osama 347
Bishop, Maurice 123
BKA (Bundeskriminalamt) xx, 160, 254, 257, 346, 368, 384. See also Herold, Horst; computers xxiii–xxiv, 28–29, 52, 106, 257, 302, 325, 368; dirty tricks 29–30; hunt for guerilla 34, 52, 59, 67, 106, 130, 133, 228, 284, 369; intelligence on RAF 107, 181; mentioned by RAF and prisoners 114, 150, 193, 247, 287n, 300–301; and prison conditions 114, 265
black bloc 160, 202
Black September (organization) 259
Bloch, Ernst 75
Blues 18, 88, 367
BND (Bundesnachrichtendienst) xxi, xxiii, 107, 129, 136, 325
Bochum Prison Group 217
Bocooc, Leila 55
Boge, Heinrich 265, 314n, 346
Bonn Security Group 67. See also BKA (Bundeskriminalamt)
Boock, Peter-Jürgen 50, i, 265i, 347; before and upon joining RAF (pre-1976) 50–51; captured and released (1978, Yugoslavia) 51, 53, 329, 377–378; Zurich bank robbery (1979) 109–111, 135, 381; leaving RAF (1980) 129, 135, 263–264; captured (1981) 263–264, 384; trial and appeal (1984-1986) 268–269, 328, 388; denies responsibility and courts liberal intelligentsia 264–266, 328, 331–332; denounced 328–332, 341; drug addiction 50–51, 53, 129, 264–265, 329–331, 376–377; prison conditions 265; telling tales about RAF 230n, 264–265, 268–269, 328, 331–332, 365
Boock, Waltraud. See Liewald, Waltraud
Borgstedde, Simone 97
Börner, Holger 163, 347
Böse, Wilfred 372. See also Entebbe/Air France skyjacking (1976)
Brandt, Willy 347; mentioned by RAF and prisoners 117, 298, 302, 307–308
Brauchitsch, Eberhard von 312
Braun, Bernhard 24, 103, 347, 369
Braunmühl brothers 328
Braunmühl, Gerold von 328
Bremen riots (1980) 125–127, 382; mentioned 148, 187–188, 215
Brzezinski, Zbigniew 124, 347
Buback, Siegfried 33i–34i, 347
, 373. See also BAW (Bundesanwaltschaft); See also RAF: Buback assassination (1977)
Bulgaria 67–68, 377
Bundesanwaltschaft. See BAW (Bundesanwaltschaft)
Bundesgrenzschutz (BGS) xx, 80, 223
Bundeskriminalamt. See BKA (Bundeskriminalamt)
Bundesnachrichtendienst. See BND (Bundesnachrichtendienst)
Bundesverband der Deutschen Industrie 38
Bundesvereinigung der Deutschen Arbeitgeberverbände 38
Bundeswehr xxvi, 194, 258
Bunte Hilfe Nürnberg 186–187, 278
bürgerinitiativen. See Citizens Initiatives
Bush, George Sr. 282, 387
Bux, Kuno 29n,
Callaghan, James 311
Cambodia 7, 138, 146, 305
Carlos. See Ramírez Sánchez, Ilich
Carpio, Salvador 305
Carter Doctrine 125, 381
Carter, Jimmy 121, i, 121–125, 380–381; crafting antiterrorist consensus 260; mentioned 170, 311
CDU (Christlich Demokratisches Union) xxi, 16, 57, 78, 255–256, 270, 371. See also Kohl, Helmut; See also CDUCSU- FDP Coalition (1983-1998); See
also CDU-FDP coalition (West Berlin Senate); antiterrorist grandstanding 45, 254, 261, 299–300; foreign policy 258n, 260, 309; mentioned by guerilla 138, 299, 306, 309
CDU-CSU-FDP Coalition (1983-1998) 266, 283, 387
CDU-FDP coalition (West Berlin Senate) 166, 207
Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Fighting Communist Cells) 293
censorship 279, 320–322. See also §88a; See also §130a; condemned by Russell Tribunal 326, 379; of prisoners 341–343
Chad 117n,
Chaoten 160
Chile 69, 98, 122, 258n, 369
China 146
Christians, Friedrich Wilhelm 54
Christlich Demokratisches Union. See CDU (Christlich Demokratisches Union)
Christlich-Soziale Union in Bayern. See CSU (Christlich-Soziale Union in Bayern)
CIA (Central Intelligence Agency) 107, 123, 124, 173, 260, 379
Citizens Initiatives 78, 87, 185, 272
Clausewitz 144
CNT-FAI 86, i
Cohn-Bendit, Daniel 267
Commando Martyr Halimeh 39–40, 374. See also Mogadishu/Lufthansa skyjacking (1977)
Committees Against Torture 27, 103, 380
computers xxii–xxiv, 82, 135, 257, 325. See also BKA (Bundeskriminalamt): computers; mentioned by RAF 147
Conference of Interior Ministers xxii
Congress for the Defense of the Republic 100
consciousness 291. See also RAF ideas on: radical subjectivity
Conservative Party (UK) 176–177, 227, 380, 383
Contact Ban 39, 42n, 257, 279, 300–301; condemned by Russell Tribunal 323, 326, 379
co-optation/recuperation 88, 90–91, 122, 272, 281–283. See also counterinsurgency: soft/co-optation/recuperation. See also resocialization
Coordinating Committee. See peace and antiwar movements: Coordinating Committee
Cossiga, Francesco 313n,
Cossiga law 313n,
counterinsurgency 313–314. See also BKA (Bundeskriminalamt); See also psychological warfare; See also false flag actions; See also repression, judicial; See also NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization); See also §129a: used against alleged supporters; See also United States: counterinsurgency; See also Verfassungsschutz; East-West cooperation 46–47, 51, 67–68; mentioned by RAF 118, 201–203, 247, 299–302; soft/cooptation/ recuperation xviii, 256–258. See also resocialization
Crisis Management Team 299–301, 311–312
Croatia 53n,
Croissant, Klaus 98, 101, 347; in France 37, 373, 375; law office 105, 128, 374; trial (1978-1979) 376, 379
crown witness law 251–252, 263, 336. See also informants (post-arrest) and crown witnesses
CSU (Christlich-Soziale Union in Bayern) xxi, 16, 255–256, 266, 288n, 382, 387. See also Strauß, Franz Josef; antiterrorist grandstanding 261; mentioned by RAF 247, 299–300
Czechoslovakia 68, 134, 377
Dachau (spraypainted) 276–277
Dahl, Harry 69, 134–136, 204, 348
Dahrendorf (senator) 114
Debray, Regis 143
Debus, Sigurd 161i–162i, 348; Celle Hole (1978) 162–163, 377–378; death during eighth hunger strike (1981) 157–159, 158i, 163, 384; mentioned by RAF and prisoners 196, 261n, 288
December 21st Movement of the Arabic Revolution 71
Deleuze, Gilles 85
Dellwo, Hans-Joachim 348; crown witness 101, 251–252, 379–381
Dellwo, Karl-Heinz 51, 96i, 252, 348, 377; captured (1975) 28, 371; on Entebbe skyjacking 73; on the 1982 arrests 229; on collective responsibility 273; on the May Paper 215–216; prison conditions and hunger strikes 26n, 94n, –95, n, 95–96, 157, 378n. See also dpa occupation (1978)
Democratic Republic of the Congo 117
Der Minister und der Terrorist: Gespräche zwischen Gerhart Baum und Horst Mahler 262, 382
Deutsche Bank 54
Deutsche Gewerkschaftsbund 306n,
Deutsche Kommunistische Partei xxi, 281. See also KPD (Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands) [pro-Soviet]
Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund (Confederation of German Trade Unions) 181
Die Welt 300
Die Zeit 265–266; and Peter-Jürgen Boock 332; on eighth hunger strike (1981) 157
DKP (Deutsche Kommunistische Partei) xxi, 281. See also KPD (Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands) [pro-Soviet]
Dorff, Klaus 50–51, 348
Dozier, James Lee 313n,
dpa occupation (1978) 96–98, 378
Drenkmann, Günter von 348; assassinated (1974) 57, 370. See also 2nd of June Movement: Drenkmann assassination (1974)
Dresdner Bank 36n, 246, 312n, 373n,
Dschihad, Chalid 129, 136, 348
Dümlein, Christine 101, 128, 134, 348, 355, 383. See also RAF dropouts
Düsseldorf 171, 209
Dutschke, Rudi 349, 363, 370; attempted assassination (1968) 17, 366; death (1979) 262n, 381
Dutzi, Gisela 188, 201, 349; captured (1983) 275–276, 387
Dyck, Elisabeth von 105, 349; arrested in Switzerland (1975) 371; murdered (1979) 104, 127, 380; mentioned by RAF prisoners 119; name taken by Action Directe commando 295
Easter Marches 193
Eckes, Christa 205, i, 349; captured (1974) 35n, 369; hunger strike (1980) 151, 381; return to RAF (1981) 205; visit to GDR (1984) 334; captured (1984) 286, 388; refusal to testify (2012) xix
Egypt 146
Eitel, Walther (judge) 268
El Salvador xxi, 171, 188, 197, 227, 304–305
England 3, 9, 227, 306; Astrid Proll in hiding 25, 358; intelligence sources 72, 107; and prison conditions 174, 176, 270, 383
Ensslin, Gudrun 41, i, 50, 349; Frankfurt department stores arson (1968) 156n, 366; library breakout (1970) 19; captured (1972) 24, 369; interviewed by Spiegel (1975) 370; Fragment Regarding the Soviet Union (1976) 218n; Stammheim trial (1976-1977) 30, 250, 365, 373; in Stammheim prison (1977) 34, 36, 39; death in Stammheim (1977) 38, 41–42, 45, 374. See also Stammheim deaths (1977); criticism of Entebbe skyjacking 73; letters confiscated after her death 41, 113
Entebbe/Air France skyjacking (1976) 72–74, 82, 372; criticisms of 72–73
Ernst, Barbara 286, 388
ETA (Euskadi Ta Askatasuna) xxi, 4, 12, 270, 307. See also Spain
Ethiopia 8, 122
eugenics. See population control and eugenics (targeted)
European Commission of Human Rights 371
European Community (EC) xxi, 145, 178
European integration 145–146, 177–178. See also RAF ideas on: imperialist unification; See also European Community (EC)
extraditions; from Bulgaria 67–68, 377; from England 358; from France 101, 131, 251, 375, 382; from Holland 94, 378; from Norway 345; from Sudan 347; from Switzerland 61n, 110; refusal by PLO 258; refusal by Yugoslavia 53, 68, 378
Extra-Parliamentary Oppositi
on. See APO (Außerparlamentarische Opposition)
false flag actions. See also psychological warfare; Bremen Central Station (1974) 370; Celle hole (1978) 162–163, 377; during eighth hunger strike (1981) 156; mentioned by RAF prisoners 196; non-existent Stuttgart bombing (1972) 368
FARL (Lebanese Armed Revolutionary Factions) 323
Farthamm, Friedhelm 167
FDP (Freie Demokratische Partei) xxi, 254–256. See also Social-Liberal Schmidt-Genscher Government (1974- 1983); See also Maihofer, Werner; See also Baum, Gerhart; attempts to repeal repressive legislation 257; breaks with SPD (1983) 266, 387; CDU-FDP coalition (West Berlin Senate) 166
FDJ (Freie Deutsche Jugend) 179, 340
Federal Association of German Employers 38
Federal Association of German Industrialists 38
Federal Border Guard xx, 80, 223
Federal Congress of Autonomous Peace Initiatives 282n,
Federal Congress of Development Action Groups 282n,
Federal Criminal Investigation Bureau. See BKA (Bundeskriminalamt)
Federal Doctors’ Association 71
Federal Minister of the Interior. See Baum, Gerhart; See Maihofer, Werner
Federal Republic of Germany 14, i, 15–16; 1980 federal elections 383; 1983 federal elections 387; Constitution 319; crafting antiterrorist consensus 67, 247, 255, 258–260, 377, 378; nuclear program 75–77, 83; Third Reich successor state 17, 76, 193, 277n, 299, 301–302
Federation of German Aviation, Space and Equipment Industry (BDLI) 295
Federation of Nonviolent Action Groups 282n,
feminist movement 87, 89–92, 168. See
also militant women’s movement; See also Women Against Imperialist War
Filbinger, Hans 78, 349
FMLN (Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional) xxi, 305. See also El Salvador
Folkerts, Knut 34, i, 349; captured (1977) 39, 374; trial (1977) 375; in prison in Holland (1977-1978) 94, 376, 378; trial (1980) 151–152, 382; and Buback assassination 34, 152, 230, 273, 383; statement on Boock’s lies 328–332; on anti-imperialism 20, 63
Foreign Policy magazine 308
Foucault, Michel 85
FPL (Fuerzas Populares de Liberación; Popular Forces for Liberation) 305n,
France 2, 4, 37, 117n, 258n. See also Action Directe; See also extraditions: from France; and West German guerillas 51, 128–131, 204, 295, 375–376, 384; antinuclear movement 78–79, 83; mentioned by guerilla 115, 145, 306–307, 311; prison conditions 130–131; solidarity actions 31–32, 131, 382