Before and After Alexander
Page 41
sarissa (sarisa), 107–11, 108f9, 115, 139, 255
sarissophoroi, 125–26
“Sayings of Kings and Comanders” (Plutarch), 83
Second Athenian Confederacy, 47
Seleucid kingdom, 241; and Antiochus III, 252–54; army of, 259–60
Seleucus I Nicator, 78, 129, 131, 170, 227f17; as administrator, 215; and Antioch, 217; and Babylon, Settlement of, 188, 190; and Babylonia, 226–28; and bull, 34; and cities, 179, 217; and colonization, 179, 215–16, 219–221; and Cyroupedium, Battle of, 238, 239; death of, 239; and Demetrius, 238; and Egypt, flight to, 213; and Gaza, Battle of, 224; and Ipsus, Battle of, 235–37; as king, 232; and Phoenician fleets, 222; and succession wars to 301, 221–37; and Susa, 207; and the Diadochi, first War of, 196; and the Diadochi, second War of, 206; and Tigris, Battle of, 227–28; and transport, 217, and Triparadeisus, Settlement of, 198–200
Seleucus II (“Callinicus”), 244, 252
Seleucus III, 252
Seleucus IV, 254, 260
Septuagint, 271
Serbs, and Macedonia, 17
shields: and cavalry scouts, 123; and hoplite, 58; Macedonian, 18, 19f2, 109, 139; and petlasts, 126; and Sparta, 55
ships, 217, 230
siege towers, 128, 233
siege trains, 104, 126–28
Silver Shields (argyraspides), 114, 116; and Eumenes, 204, 205, 206; and Gabiene, Battle of, 209, 211–12; and Perdiccas, assassination of, 196, and treasure, guards of, 200, 204
Simmias, 157
Sirrhas, 45
Sitalces, 86, 172
sitophylakes, 265
skirmishers, 124–25, 212
Social War, the, 98, 250
soldiers, passivity of, 113
Sosibius, 257–58
Sparta: and “common peace,” 54–55; and Agis III, 159–60; and Amphipolis, 68; and army, make-up of, 113; and Common Peace (Philip), 102; and Epaminondas, 97–98; and King’s Peace, 46–47; and laws of war, 55–56; and Macedonian question, 23, 24; military tactics of, 113; and peligones, 24; and Peloponnesian League, 60; and Second Athenian Confederacy, 47; and Thebes, 55; war tactics of, 59; warriors of, 58–59
spears, 51, 107–8, 107f8, 122
Stageira, 91
stoa, 261, 261f23, 264
Strabo, 24
strategos (strategoi), 84, 130, 131, 177, 215, 264, 265
Study of History (Toynbee), 293
Successors. See Diadochi
Suda, 139, 243, 300
“sword and shield” tactic, 136
symposium (symposia), 40, 51–52, 75, 98, 144
synedrion, 31, 76, 234
syntrophoi, 52
Tahafut al-Falasifa (al-Ghazali), 293
Tahafut al-Tahafut (Ibn Rushd), 293
Tarn, William, 130, 170, 173, 175
Tataki, Argyro, 25
taxes, 111
Taxiles, 163
telesias, 60
Telesphorus, 223
Temenids, 22–23
Teos, 219, 267, 268
tetrarchoi, 256
Teutamus, 205
Thasos, 86
theatron, 25
Theban Sacred Band, 113, 134–36, 135f12
Thebes: and Alexander, 128; and Chaeroneia, battle of, 102, 134; destruction of, 148; and King’s Peace, 54–55; and Perdiccas, 61, 147–48; and Philip, 57–60, 133; and Sacred Band, 113, 134–36; and Sparta, 55–57
Themistocles, 24
Theocritus, 273
Theogony (Hesiod), 20
Theophrastus, 270
Theopompus of Chios: on Macedonian sexuality, 98; on Philip, and Olynthus, 90; on Philip, companions of, 77, 106; on Philip’s elite soldiers, 114–15; reputation of, 273, 296
Thessalonice (city), 90
Thessalonice (sister of Alexander), 186
Thessalonice (wife of Cassander), 226, 238
Thessaly: and Amyntas, 43, 44, 46, 48; and Antigonid dynasty, 241; and Antipater, revolt against, 191; and Catalogue of Ships, 19–20; cavalry of, and Crannon, Battle of, 193; cavalry of, at Gaugamela, Battle of, 157–58; cavalry of, at Granicus, Battle of, 151–52; and Cynoscephalae, Battle of, 251; and grain, 38; and Leonnatus, 193; and Macedonians, similarity to, 40; and Philip, 79, 85, 92–100; society of, 40–41; and Thebes, 56–57; topography of, 37
Thorax, 236
Thucydides: on Antiochus, 73; on Archelaus, 29; and Macedonia, cavalry of, 32, 122; and Macedonia, expansion of, 23; and Macedonia, infantry of, 33; and Macedonia, and kings, lineage of, 27; and Macedonian question, 22–23; and phalanx, 105; reputation of, 273, 278, 282, 285
Thyia, 21
Timocleia, 171
Timotheos, 48
torsion principle, 127–28
Toynbee, Arnold, 293
Trajan, 176, 279
Triparadeisus, Settlement of, 198–215
Troglodytai, 246
True Stories (Lucian), 283
Tyre: and Alexander, 149, 155; and Antigonus, 222
Tyre, Proclamation of, 223–25
Tzetzes, Johannes, 269
Works and Days (Hesiod), 20
Xenophon: and Acanthus, 47; on Amyntas III, 43; legacy of, 273, 282; and Macedonian infantry, 33; and Olynthian League, 46; and phalanx, 105
Xouthus, 21
Yahya al-Nahwi, 290
Zarathustra, 271
Zenodotus of Ephesus, 271–73
Ziaelids, 252
Zoe, 297
Zopyros, 263
RICHARD A. BILLOWS is a professor at Columbia University specializing in Ancient Greek and Roman Epigraphy. He is the author of the widely praised Marathon: How One Battle Changed Western Civilization, published in eight countries and available from Overlook, as well as Antigonos the One-Eyed and the Creation of the Hellenistic State, Kings and Colonists: Aspects of Macedonian Imperialism, and Julius Caesar: The Colossus of Rome. He lives near New York City.
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