The Science of Language

by Noam Chomsky

  Berwick, Robert C. and Noam Chomsky (forthcoming) “Poverty of the Stimulus Revisited: Recent Challenges Reconsidered.” MS.

  Biederman, Irving (1987) “Recognition-by-Components: A Theory of Human Image Understanding.” Psychological Review 94: 115–147.

  Boeckx, Cedric (2006) Linguistic Minimalism: Origins, Concepts, Methods, and Aims. New York: Oxford University Press.

  Borer, Hagit (2005) In Name Only: Structuring Sense, Vol. I. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

  Burge, Tyler (1979) “Individualism and the Mental.” In P. French, T. Uehling, and H. Wettstein, eds. Midwest Studies in Philosophy, Vol. IV: Studies in Metaphysics. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, pp. 73–121.

  Burge, Tyler (2003) Reply to Chomsky, “Internalist Explorations.” In Hahn and Ramberg (2003), pp. 451–470.

  Butterworth, Brian (2000) The Mathematical Brain. London: Macmillan.

  Carey, Susan (1987) Conceptual Change in Childhood. Cambridge, MA: Bradford Books, MIT Press.

  Carey, Susan (2009) The Origins of Concepts. New York: Oxford University Press.

  Carroll, Sean B. (2005) Endless Forms Most Beautiful: The New Science of Evo-Devo. New York: Norton.

  Carruthers, Peter (2006) The Architecture of the Mind. New York: Oxford University Press.

  Cherniak, Christopher (2005) “Innateness and Brain-Wiring Optimization: Non-Genomic Innateness.” In A. Zilhao, ed. Evolution, Rationality, and Cognition. New York: Routledge, pp. 103–112.

  Cherniak, Christopher, Z. Mikhtarzada, R. Rodriguez-Esteban, and K. Changizi (2004) “Global Optimization of Cerebral Cortex Layout.” Proceedings of the National Academy of the Sciences 101 (4): 1081–1086.

  Chomsky, Noam (1951/1979) The Morphophonemics of Modern Hebrew. MS University of Pennsylvania MA thesis; printed New York: Garland Press, 1979.

  Chomsky, Noam (1955/1975) The Logical Structure of Linguistic Theory. Complete MS is currently available as a PDF document on the internet, 919 pages. Published in part in 1975. New York: Plenum Press.

  Chomsky, Noam (1957) Syntactic Structures. The Hague: Mouton.

  Chomsky, Noam (1959) “A Review of B.F. Skinner, Verbal Behavior.” Language 35: 26–58. Reprinted with added preface in L. Jakobovitz and M. Miron, eds. Readings in the Psychology of Language. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, pp. 142–172.

  Chomsky, Noam (1964) Current Issues in Linguistic Theory. The Hague: Mouton.

  Chomsky, Noam (1965) Aspects of the Theory of Syntax. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

  Chomsky, Noam (1966/2002/2009) Cartesian Linguistics. New York: Harper and Row. 2002: 2nd edition with new introduction by J. McGilvray, Christchurch NZ: Cybereditions. 2009: 3rd edition with new introduction by J. McGilvray, Cambridge University Press.

  Chomsky, Noam (1972a) Studies on Semantics in Generative Grammar. The Hague: Mouton.

  Chomsky, Noam (1972b/2006) Language and Mind. Expanded 2nd edition of 1968 version, New York: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich. 2006: 3rd edition with new preface and an additional 2004 chapter “Biolinguistics and the human capacity,” Cambridge University Press.

  Chomsky, Noam (1975) Reflections on Language. New York: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich.

  Chomsky, Noam (1977) Essays on Form and Interpretation. New York: North-Holland.

  Chomsky, Noam (1980/2005) Rules and Representations. Oxford: Blackwell. The 2005 edition has a new introduction by Norbert Hornstein. New York: Columbia University Press.

  Chomsky, Noam (1986) Knowledge of Language. New York: Praeger.

  Chomsky, Noam (1981) Lectures on Government and Binding. Dordrecht: Foris.

  Chomsky, Noam (1984) Modular Approaches to the Study of Mind. San Diego State University Press.

  Chomsky, Noam (1987) The Chomsky Reader. Ed. James Peck. New York: Pantheon.

  Chomsky, Noam (1988) Language and Problems of Knowledge. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

  Chomsky, Noam (1993) “A Minimalist Program for Linguistic Theory.” In K. Hale and S. J. Keyser, eds. The View from Building 20: Essays in Linguistics in Honor of Sylvain Bromberger. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp. 1–52.

  Chomsky, Noam (1995a) “Language and Nature.” Mind 104: 1–61.

  Chomsky, Noam (1995b) The Minimalist Program. Cambridge MA: MIT Press.

  Chomsky, Noam (1996) Powers and Prospects. Boston: South End Press.

  Chomsky, Noam (1998) “Human Nature, Freedom, and Political Community: An Interview with Noam Chomsky.” Interview with Scott Burchill. Citizenship Studies 2 (1): 5–21.

  Chomsky, Noam (1999) “An Online Interview with Noam Chomsky: On the Nature of Pragmatics and Related Issues.” (Questions posed by Brigitte Stemmer) Brain and Language 68: 393–401.

  Chomsky, Noam (2000) New Horizons in the Study of Language and Mind. Foreword by Neil Smith. Cambridge University Press.

  Chomsky, Noam (2001) “Derivation by Phase.” In Michael Kenstowicz, ed. Ken Hale: A Life in Language. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp. 1–52.

  Chomsky, Noam (2002) On Language and Nature. Cambridge University Press.

  Chomsky, Noam (2004a) “Beyond Explanatory Adequacy.” In Adriana Belletti, ed. The Cartography of Syntactic Structures. Vol. III: Structures and Beyond. Oxford University Press, pp. 104–131.

  Chomsky, Noam (2004b) The Generative Enterprise Reconsidered. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.

  Chomsky, Noam (2004c) “Language and Mind: Current Thoughts on Ancient Problems.” In Lyle Jenkins, ed. Variations and Universals in Biolinguistics. London: Elsevier, pp. 379–405.

  Chomsky, Noam (2005a) “Three Factors in Language Design.” Linguistic Inquiry 36 (1): 1–22.

  Chomsky, Noam (2005b) “Simple Truths, Hard Problems: Some Thoughts on Terror, Justice, and Self-Defense.” Philosophy 80: 5–28.

  Chomsky, Noam (2006) Language and Mind (3rd edition). Cambridge University Press.

  Chomsky, Noam (2007a) “Of Minds and Language.” Biolinguistics 1: 9–27.

  Chomsky, Noam (2007b) “The Mysteries of Nature: How Deeply Hidden.” (Revised) MS for talk given at Columbia University, pp. 1–22.

  Chomsky, Noam (2007c) “Biolinguistic Explorations: Design, Development, Evolution.” International Journal of Philosophical Studies 15 (1): 1–21.

  Chomsky, Noam (2008) “On Phases.” In Robert Freidin, Carlos P. Otero, and Maria Luisa Zubizaretta, eds. Foundational Issues in Linguistic Theory: Essays in Honor of Jean-Roger Vergnaud. Cambridge, MA/London: MIT Press, pp. 133–166.

  Chomsky, Noam (2009) “Dialogue on the Responsibility to Protect.” On Chomsky's ZSpace Page, Znet (www.zmag.org/znet).

  Chomsky, Noam (2010) “Some Simple Evo Devo Theses: How True Might They Be for Language.” In Richard K. Larson, Viviane Déprez and Hiroko Yamakido, eds. The Evolution of Language: Biolinguistic Perspectives. Cambridge University Press, pp. 45-62.

  Chomsky, Noam, M. Hauser, and W. T. Fitch (2004) “Appendix: The Minimalist Program.” Supplement (online) to Fitch, Hauser, and Chomsky's (2005) reply to Jackendoff and Pinker.

  Chomsky, Noam and Jerrold J. Katz (1975) “On Innateness: A Reply to Cooper.” Philosophical Review 84 (1): 70–87.

  Chomsky, Noam and Howard Lasnik (1993) “The Theory of Principles and Parameters.” In J. Jacobs, A. von Stechow, W. Sternefeld, and T. Vennemann, eds. Syntax: An International Handbook of Contemporary Research (de Gruyter), pp. 13–127. Reprinted in Chomsky (1995b).

  Chomsky, Noam and G. A. Miller (1963) “Introduction to the Formal Analysis of Natural Languages.” In R. D. Luce, R. R. Bush, and E. Galanter, eds. Handbook of Mathematical Psychology, Vol. II. New York: John Wiley, pp. 269–321.

  Chomsky, Noam and J. Rajchman (2006) The Chomsky-Foucault Debate: On Human Nature. New York: New Press. (The debate/discussion took place in 1971 on Dutch television. A printed version originally appeared in Fons Elders, interviewer and editor, Reflexive Waters. Toronto: J. M. Dent, 1974.)

  Churchland, Patricia (1986) Neurophilosophy: Toward a Unified Science of the Mind-Brain. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

  Churchla
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  Collins, John (2004) “Faculty Disputes: Chomsky Contra Fodor.” Mind and Language 19 (5): 503–533.

  Collins, John (2005) “Nativism: In Defense of a Biological Understanding.” Philosophical Psychology 18 (2): 157–177.

  Cordemoy, Géraud de (1666) Discours Physique de la Parole. 2nd edition 1977; English translation 1668.

  Cowie, Fiona (1999) What's Within? Nativism Reconsidered. Oxford University Press.

  Cudworth, Ralph (1688/1737/1995) A Treatise on Eternal and Immutable Morality. Ed. Sarah Hutton. Cambridge University Press.

  Curry, H. B. (1930) “Grundlagen der Kombinatorischen Logik.” American Journal of Mathematics 52: 509–636; 789–834.

  Curry, H. B. and R. Feys (1958) Combinatory Logic. Amsterdam: North Holland.

  Davidson, Donald (1970) “Mental Events.” In L. Foster and J. Swansom, eds. Experience and Theory. London: Duckworth, pp. 79–101.

  Davidson, Donald (1980) “Psychology as Philosophy.” In Davidson, Essays of Actions and Events. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 229–239.

  Descartes, René (1637) “Discourse on the Method.” In Descartes (1984–5).

  Descartes, René (1984–5) The Philosophical Writings of Descartes (2 vols.). Trans. J. Cottingham, R. Stoothoff, and D. Murdoch. Cambridge University Press.

  Descartes, René (1991) The Philosophical Writings of Descartes, Vol. III: The Correspondence. Trans. J. Cottingham, R. Stoothoff, D. Murdoch, and A. Kenny. Cambridge University Press.

  Elman, Jeffrey L. (1990) “Representation and Structure in Connectionist Models.” In Gerald Altmann, ed. Cognitive Models of Speech Processing. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp. 345–382.

  Elman, Jeffrey L. (1991) “Incremental Learning; Or the Importance of Starting Small.” In Proceedings of the Thirteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

  Elman, Jeffrey L. (1993) “Learning and Development in Neural Networks: The Importance of Starting Small.” Cognition 48: 71–99.

  Elman, Jeffrey L., E. A. Bates, M. H. Johnson, and A. Karmiloff-Smith (1996) Rethinking Innateness: A Connectionist Perspective on Development. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

  Elman, Jeffrey L. (with W. C. Morris and G. C. Cottrell) (2000) “A Connectionist Simulation of the Empirical Acquisition of Grammatical Relations.” In S. Wermter and R. Sun, eds. Hybrid Neural Systems Integration. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag.

  Elman, Jeffrey L. (with J. D. Lewis) (2001) “Learnability and the Statistical Structure of Language: Poverty of Stimulus Arguments Revisited.” In Proceedings of the Twenty-Sixth Annual Boston University Conference on Language Development. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, pp. 359–370.

  Epstein, Samuel D. (2007) “Physiological Linguistics, and Some Implications Regarding Disciplinary Autonomy and Unification.” Mind and Language 22: 44–67.

  Ferguson, Thomas (1995) Golden Rule: The Investment Theory of Parties and the Logic of Money Driven Politics. University of Chicago Press.

  Fitch, W. Tecumseh and David Reby (2001) “The Descended Larynx Is Not Uniquely Human.” Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 268: 1669–1675.

  Fitch, W. Tecumseh, Marc Hauser, and Noam Chomsky (2005) “The Evolution of the Language Faculty: Clarifications and Implications.” Cognition 97: 179–210.

  Fodor, Jerry (1981) “The Present Status of the Innateness Controversy.” In Fodor, RePresentations. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp. 257–316.

  Fodor, Jerry (1983) The Modularity of Mind. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

  Fodor, Jerry (1998) Concepts. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

  Fodor, Jerry (2008) LOT 2: The Language of Thought Revisited. Oxford University Press.

  Fodor, Jerry (2009) “It Ain't in the Head.” Review of Tye, Consciousness Revisited. Times Literary Supplement, 16 October.

  Fodor, Jerry and E. Lepore (2002) The Compositionality Papers. Oxford: Clarendon.

  Fodor, Jerry and Massimo Piattelli-Palmarini (2010) What Darwin Got Wrong. London: Profile Books.

  Frege, Gottlob (1952) “On Sense and Reference.” In P. T. Geach and Max Black, eds. Translations from the Philosophical Writings of Gottlob Frege. Oxford University Press, pp. 56–78.

  Frege, Gottlob (1879/1976) Begriffsschrift: eine der arithmetischen nachgebildete Formelsprache des reinen Denkens. Halle: Louis Nebert. English translation by S. Bauer-Mengelberg: “Concept Script, a Formal Language of Pure Thought Modelled upon That of Arithmetic.” In Jean Van Heijenoort, ed. From Frege to Gödel: A Source Book in Mathematical Logic, 1879–1931. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

  Gallistel, C. R. (1990) “Representations in Animal Cognition: An Introduction.” In Gallistel, ed. Animal Cognition. Cognition 37 (special issue): 1–22.

  Gallistel, C. R. (2006) “The Nature of Learning and the Functional Architecture of the Brain.” In Q. Jing et al., eds. Psychological Science around the World, Vol. I: Proceedings of the Twenty-Eighth International Congress of Psychology. Sussex: Psychology Press.

  Gallistel, C. R. (2007) “Learning Organs.” English original of “L'apprentissage des matières distinctes exige des organs distincts.” In J. Bricmont and J. Franck, eds. Cahier no 88: Noam Chomsky. Paris: L'Herne, pp. 181–187.

  Gallistel, C. R. (2008) “Learning and Representation.” In J. Byrne, ed. Learning and Memory: A Comprehensive Reference, Vol. I: Learning Theory and Behaviour, ed. R. Menzel. Oxford: Elsevier, pp. 227–242.

  Gallistel, C. R. and John Gibbon (2001) “Computational Versus Associative Models of Simple Conditioning.” Current Directions in Psychological Science 10: 146–150.

  Gehring, Walter (2005) “New Perspectives on Eye Development and the Evolution of Eyes and Photoreceptors.” Journal of Heredity 96 (3): 171–184.

  Gelman, Rochel and C. R. Gallistel (2004) “Language and the Origin of Numerical Concepts.” Science 306: 44–443.

  Gilbert, Scott F. (2000) “Diachronic Biology Meets Evo-Devo: C. H. Waddington's Approach to Evolutionary Developmental Biology.” American Zoology 40: 729–737.

  Gleitman, Lila, K. Cassidy, R. Nappa, A. Papafragou, and J. C. Trueswell (2005) “Hard Words.” Language Learning and Development 1 (1): 23–64.

  Gleitman, Lila and Cynthia Fisher (2005) “Universal Aspects of Word Learning.” In McGilvray (2005a), pp. 123–142.

  Gleitman, Lila R. and Elissa L. Newport (1995) “The Invention of Language by Children: Environmental and Biological Influences on the Acquisition of Language.” In L. Gleitman and M, Liberman, eds. Language: An Invitation to Cognitive Science (2nd edition). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

  Goodman, Nelson (1949) “On Likeness of Meaning.” Analysis, pp. 1–7.

  Goodman, Nelson (1951) The Structure of Appearance. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

  Goodman, Nelson (1955) Fact, Fiction, and Forecast. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

  Goodman, Nelson (1958) “The Test of Simplicity.” Science 128: 1064–1069.

  Goodman, Nelson (1968) Languages of Art: An Approach to a Theory of Symbols. Indianapolis, IN: Bobbs-Merrill.

  Goodman, Nelson (1972) Problems and Projects. Indianapolis, IN: Bobbs-Merrill. (Contains essays on simplicity.)

  Goodman, Nelson and W. V. O. Quine (1947) “Steps toward a Constructive Nominalism.” The Journal of Symbolic Logic 12: 105–22.

  Gould, Stephen J. (2002) The Structure of Evolutionary Theory. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

  Hahn, Martin and Bjorn Ramberg (eds.) (2003) Reflections and Replies: Essays on the Philosophy of Tyler Burge. Cambridge, MA: Bradford Books, MIT Press.

  Hauser, Marc (1997) The Evolution of Communication. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

  Hauser, Marc (2006) Moral Minds: How Nature Designed Our Universal Sense of Right and Wrong. Ecco.

  Hauser, Marc, N. Chomsky, and W. T. Fitch (2002) “The Faculty of Language: What Is it, Who Has it, and How Did it Evolve?” Science 298: 1569–1579.

 
Heim, Irene and Angelika Kratzer (1998) Semantics in Generative Grammar. Oxford: Blackwell.

  Hinzen, Wolfram (2006) Mind Design and Minimal Syntax. Oxford University Press.

  Heim, Irene and Angelika Kratzer (2007) An Essay on Names and Truth. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

  Hirsh-Pasek, Kathy and Roberta Golinkoff (1996) The Origins of Grammar: Evidence From Early Language Comprehension. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

  Hornstein, Norbert (2005) “Empiricism and Rationalism as Research Strategies.” In McGilvray (2005a), pp. 145–163.