Sir Francis Walsingham
Page 33
Wentworth, Peter 13, 111–12, 242
Westmorland, Earl of 62, 67–8, 138
Whitgift, John 192–4, 196, 204, 252
Whittingham, William 26, 41
Wiburn, Percival 92–3
Wilkes, Thomas 125, 175
William the Silent, Prince of Orange 55, 78, 119, 125–7, 136, 178, 179–81
Wilson, Dr Thomas 115, 158, 248
Winchester, Bishop of 49–50
Wolsey, Thomas 252
Wotton, Sir Edward 95
Wray, Sir Christopher 160
Wren, Christopher 3
Wyatt, Sir Thomas 23–4
York, Archbishop of 131
Sir Francis Walsingham c.1585, attributed to John de Critz the Elder.
Queen Elizabeth I. The Rainbow Portait by Isaac Oliver. The gown of the ever-wary queen is spangled with eyes and ears. Vigilance and desire for peace (symbolized by the rainbow) go together.
One of the main objections Protestants had about the papacy was its assumption of worldly power. As early as 1526 Hans Holbein made this engraving satirizing the pope’s presumption in receiving homage from the emperor.
Racking of Catholic priests by Sebastiano Martellini. Like much religious propaganda of the period, this image, commissioned by William Allen, contained many inaccuracies.
Queen Elizabeth with Burghley and Walsingham by William Faithorne, 1655, in D. Digges The Compleat Ambassador. By the mid-17th century the two men were assessed as having been equally influential in the Elizabethan regime.
Francis duc d’Anjou (formerly Alençon) in a distinctly flattering portrait of Elizabeth’s ‘Frog’.
The St Bartholomew’s Massacre, 1572 – a hideous memory which remained vivid for Walsingham for the rest of his life.
The burning of Thomas Cranmer as illustrated in John Foxe’s Actes and Monuments. Foxe’s version of church history kept alive the memory of the martyrs, especially those who died in the reign of Mary Tudor, the victims of savage Catholic repression. Walsingham, who lost friends and mentors in the Marian persecution was passionate about preventing another Catholic regime ever being established in England.
William Allen, founder of the Catholic seminaries at Douai, Rheims and Rome and organizer of the mission to England. Had the armada succcceeded Elizabeth would have been deposed (and probably executed) and Allen would have been nominated as regent.
The assassination of William the Silent, 1584, leader of the Dutch revolt, one of the few Catholic atrocities which moved Queen Elizabeth to look to her own security.
The Funeral of Sir Philip Sidney, 1586. The death of Walsingham’s son–in–law in the Netherlands was a personal tragedy and plunged the ageing minister into debt. From Thomas Lant, Sequito celebratas pompa funeris, 1587.
The trial of Mary Queen of Scots. Walsingham is one of the seated figures facing away from the viewer (No 28, 3rd from the left).
Bernardino de Escalante’s plan for the invasion of England, 1586. He recommended a feint against Ireland to draw off the English navy and a major strike at Kent across the Channel. The invading Spanish force would, he suggested, only have one major obstacle to face – the Tower of London, of which he offered a poorly-remembered drawing.