Five Presidents: My Extraordinary Journey With Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, and Ford
Page 48
Secret Service agents Bill Duncan and Bob Taylor try to ensure President Nixon’s security when he gets on top of the car in Berlin, Germany, just weeks after taking office in 1969. AP Photo
The day Elvis Presley showed up—unannounced—at the White House with a letter to President Nixon offering his services as a “Federal Agent at large.” Nixon Presidential Library & Museum
I was very pleased when we finally allowed women to become agents in December 1971. Director James J. Rowley with the first five: Holly Hufschmidt, Laurie Anderson, Phyllis Shantz, Sue Ann Baker, and Kathryn Clark. U.S. Secret Service Photo
Vice President Spiro Agnew exits the Baltimore Courthouse flanked by Secret Service agents Jerry Parr and Jimmy Taylor after admitting guilt to tax evasion charges, and announcing his resignation as Vice President. Oct. 10, 1973. Bettman/Corbis
I was in the East Room of the White House to witness the swearing-in of Gerald R. Ford as the 38th President of the United States. Finally “our long national nightmare” was over. Aug. 9, 1974. Courtesy Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library
I was among the many members of the White House staff who watched as President and Mrs. Nixon departed the White House for the last time. Nixon daughters Julie and Tricia with their husbands in the background. Nixon Presidential Library & Museum
Helping to clear a passageway for President Ford to exit a speech site in Chicago when I was assistant director. Courtesy Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library
President Ford visits Secret Service headquarters shortly after taking office. (Left to right) myself, Dep. Dir. Pat Boggs, President Ford, Asst. Dir. Burrill Peterson, and Agent Bob Snow. U.S. Secret Service Photo
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
* * *
We knew when we began writing this book that it was going to be an enormous undertaking. As with our previous two books, our overriding concern was to present a factual account to preserve history, while also abiding by the Secret Service pledge to be worthy of trust and confidence. We are extremely grateful to retired Secret Service agents Paul Rundle, Dick Keiser, Bill Livingood, Ron Pontius, Win Lawson, Jim Hardin, Johnny Guy, Bob Melchiori, Jim Burke, Walt Coughlin, Tom Wells, Ken Giannoules, Chuck Zboril, Toby Chandler, Ken Wiesman, Rad Jones, the late P. Hamilton “Ham” Brown, the late Jerry Parr; former agents Paul Landis, Jerry Blaine, and Sue Ann Baker; and Army helicopter pilot Pete Rice for graciously providing insight, perspective, and corroboration with Clint’s memories.
We offer heartfelt thanks to Tom and Edwina Johnson for relating your own special memories of LBJ and allowing us to include them. We so appreciate your friendship and boundless generosity.
Likewise, we are grateful to Sid Davis and Muriel Dobbin for sharing the wonderful story of the night President Johnson took them up to the Lincoln bedroom. To you and the rest of the esteemed group of former White House correspondents—Bill Sheehan, Marianne Means, George Watson, and Carl Leubsdorf—we sincerely appreciate being honorary members in your exclusive Washington lunch club, and for your ongoing support, friendship, and encouragement.
Our research included visits to several presidential libraries—all of which have wonderful staffs dedicated to the preservation of history. Sifting through the enormous amounts of material would have been impossible without the help of the following people: at the Eisenhower Library in Abilene, Kansas—Tim Rives, Kathy Struss, and Valoise Armstrong; at the Lyndon B. Johnson Library in Austin, Texas—director Mark Updegrove, Margaret Harman, and Christopher Banks; at the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum in Boston, Massachusetts—former director Tom Putnam, Laurie Austin, and MaryRose Grossman; Jon Fletcher at the Nixon Library in Yorba Linda, California; and Elizabeth Druga at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library and Museum in Ann Arbor, Michigan.
We are grateful to our bright, hardworking intern Katie O’Neill, who eagerly helps with a multitude of tasks both big and small. And a very special thanks to Wyman Harris for your ceaseless enthusiasm, keen historical perspective, and generous donation of time.
This book would not have happened at all without the guidance and support of our outstanding team at Gallery Books/Simon and Schuster. To Mitchell Ivers, we can’t imagine a more dedicated editor, and we hope you know how much we truly appreciate your willing consultation and advice every step of the way. Thank you to Louise Burke and Jen Bergstrom for believing in us, and to Jen Robinson for your tireless efforts with publicity. To Natasha Simons, Jennifer Long, Theresa Dooley, Susan Rella, Alexandre Su, Lisa Litwack, Ella Laytham, Liz Psaltis, and Akasha Archer, we are grateful for each of your efforts behind the scenes to help make this a book of which we are very proud.
Finally, we would like to thank all of the people around the world who have sent Facebook messages, tweets, and handwritten letters. Your support and encouragement means more than you can imagine.
CLINT HILL is a retired United States Secret Service agent who will forever be remembered for his courageous actions in the presidential motorcade during the John F. Kennedy assassination. Assigned to protect Jacqueline Kennedy, Hill remained with Mrs. Kennedy and the children for one year after the tragedy. Proudly and humbly serving five presidents—Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, and Ford—Hill rose through the ranks of the most elite protective force in the world during the tumultuous time that encompassed the Vietnam War; the assassinations of JFK, Martin Luther King, Jr., and Robert F. Kennedy; and Watergate. He retired in 1975 as Assistant Director, United States Secret Service, responsible for all protective forces. In 2012, he penned his remarkable memoir, Mrs. Kennedy and Me, which became a #1 New York Times bestseller.
LISA McCUBBIN is the coauthor of the New York Times bestsellers Mrs. Kennedy and Me and The Kennedy Detail. An award-winning journalist, she has been a television news anchor and reporter, hosted her own radio show, and spent more than five years in the Middle East as a freelance writer. Visit her at www.lisamccubbin.com.
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ALSO BY CLINT HILL AND LISA MCCUBBIN
Five Days in November
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INDEX
* * *
A note about the index: The pages referenced in this index refer to the page numbers in the print edition. Clicking on a page number will take you to the ebook location that corresponds to the beginning of that page in the print edition. For a comprehensive list of locations of any word or phrase, use your reading system’s search function.
Adams, Eddie, 270
Adana, 66
Adenauer, Konrad, 43, 44, 45, 69, 133, 134
advance security, 53–56, 99–100, 141, 222–23, 235, 236, 347
Afghanistan, 24, 30–32, 346
Agnew in, 353–54
Eisenhower in, 30–32
Agnew, Judy, 328, 331, 333, 349, 358, 406
Agnew, Spiro T., 284, 299, 300, 311, 327–28, 367–68, 370
Air Force Two and, 334, 347–57
as governor of Maryland, 328
illegal activities, 405–6
as NASC chair, 338–42, 349
resignation of, 406
Secret Service detail, 319–23, 327–58, 367–68, 398, 406
in Southeast Asia and South Pacific, 346–57
speeches and gaffes, 328, 345–46
Agra, 36–37, 38
aircraft, 15, 19, 23, 24–25, 72, 105–6, 187, 240–41, 243, 256, 334, 3
99, 400
commercial, 109, 410–11
helicopters, see helicopters
JetStars, 291, 293, 300, 314, 334, 400
refueling, 59, 256
turbulence, 62, 66
U-2 spy incident, 65–70
See also Air Force One; Air Force Two
Air Force, U.S., 59, 62, 65, 240, 259, 260, 271
Air Force One, 24, 416
backup plane, 256
Eisenhower and, 15, 19, 23–25, 32–33, 41, 45, 48, 55–60, 62, 68, 72, 76
Ford and, 417
Johnson and, 198, 227, 231, 234, 238, 241, 242, 249, 253–68, 271, 277, 297, 323
Kennedy and, 105–6, 116, 118, 144, 146, 150–51, 156–59
maintenance, 256
Nixon and, 334–36, 341–44, 411, 414
Air Force Two, 320, 334, 347–57, 420
Alabama, 129, 205–6, 387
Albert, Carl, 417, 419
Aldrin, Buzz, 339–42
Alexander the Great, 31
Allen, George, 53, 55, 67
Alliance for Progress, 111, 116
Amalfi Coast, 118–19
American Samoa, 231, 232, 257
American Society of Newspaper Editors, 97
Andes, 62
Andrews Air Force Base, 25, 48, 57, 68, 143, 158, 184, 217, 240, 254, 256, 268, 282, 284, 286, 287, 335–36, 344, 347, 349, 399, 400, 404, 414
Ankara, 27–29
Eisenhower in, 27–29
anti-Americanism, 61–62, 63, 111–12, 347
Nixon and, 347, 350–56, 378
antiwar movement, 208, 212, 223, 230–39, 253, 272, 303–5
1971 Washington, D.C. riots, 378–79
Nixon and, 329, 331–32, 345–37, 350–56, 363–70, 377–79, 394, 395, 398–99
Apollo 1, 247–48
Apollo 9, 339
Apollo 10, 339, 349, 351
Apollo 11, 339–42
Arab-Israeli conflict, 250
Argentina, 58, 61–62, 230
Eisenhower in, 61–62
Arlington, USS, 341
Arlington National Cemetery, 161, 163, 165, 174, 189, 247–49, 306
John Kennedy buried at, 161–65, 247–49, 294–95, 316
Robert Kennedy buried at, 293–95, 316
Armed Forces, U.S., 8–10, 109, 122, 164, 165, 194, 270–72, 353
Armstrong, Neil, 339–42
Army Intelligence School, 9
Associated Press, 95, 270, 278, 413
Athens, 41–42, 99, 102–4
Eisenhower in, 41–42
Kennedys in, 99–100, 103–4, 139
Atlanta, 280, 285
Atlas missile, 58
Atoka, 139, 142
Auchincloss, Hugh, 108
Auchincloss, Janet, 108, 175
Augusta National Golf Club, 19–21, 49, 51, 84
Austin, 141, 184, 192, 253
Australia, 30, 231, 232, 234–40, 286, 287, 346, 355
Agnew in, 355–56
Johnson in, 244–40, 255–59
automobiles, 15, 27, 31, 41, 44, 47, 55, 75, 76, 101, 112, 116, 127, 133, 163, 187, 221–22, 350, 360–61
armored, 330–31, 360, 375–76
bulletproof, 44, 112, 177, 198–99, 331, 332
follow-up cars, 134, 144–45, 152, 153, 155, 187, 238, 300, 331
4-B, 44, 46, 59, 61, 63, 82, 101
German, 133
Halfback, 144, 152, 153, 331
Johnson and, 187, 190, 194, 198, 213–14, 217, 225–26, 231, 244, 299, 313
1963 trip to Texas, 141–60
Secret Service on back of, 142, 144, 145, 152–55, 173, 237, 426
see-through roof, 44, 59, 101, 118
SS-100-X, 112, 118, 134, 142, 144, 145, 151–55, 198–99, 231, 233, 237, 238, 313, 331
SS-800-X, 331, 343
See also motorcades; specific vehicles
Ayub Khan, Muhammad, 28–30, 261, 265
Azores, 266, 267
Bagram Airport, 30
Baldrige, Tish, 100, 101
Bali, 355
Baltimore, 9, 283, 284, 327–38, 335, 344–45, 369, 370, 406
Baltimore Colts, 344–45
Baltimore Sun, 211
Bangkok, 242, 353
Barbara Anne, 78, 106
Barker, Bernard, 393
Bartlett, Jim, 192
Baudouin, King of Belgium, 164
Baughman, U. E., 84, 87, 93, 319, 371
Bayar, Celal, 27, 28
Bay of Pigs invasion, 96–98, 103, 124–25
Beall, George, 405
Beatles, 236
Behn, Jerry, 116, 118, 136, 137, 156, 162
Beijing, 380
Belgium, 164, 333
Benito Júarez International Airport, 227
Benny, Jack, 253
Bergstrom Air Force Base, 184, 243, 400
Berkshire, Bill, 367–68
Berlin, 23, 44, 997, 103, 109, 164, 333
divided, 109, 134
Kennedy in, 134, 135
Berlin Wall, 103, 109, 134, 135
Bernstein, Carl, 397
Betancourt, Rómulo, 112
Bethesda Naval Hospital, 159, 242, 309, 420
Bichpuri 38
Bismarck Tribune, 95
Blaine, Jerry, 134, 135, 430
Blair House, 286
Blake, Art, 413
Blaschak, Walter, 14
Bloody Sunday, 205
Boggs, Hale, 171, 172
Boggs, Pat, 376, 377, 381, 384, 388, 393–94, 402
Bogotá, 113
Bonn, 134
Boring, Floyd, 71, 131, 134, 142
Bork, Robert, 407
Boston, 136, 137, 175, 203, 282, 346
Bourguiba, Habib Ben Ali, 42
Bradlee, Ben, 139
Bradlee, Tony, 139
Brandt, Willy, 134, 164
Brasilia, 59
Brazil, 58–60
Eisenhower in, 59–60
Bremer, Arthur, 387
Brigade 2506, 96–98
Brooks Air Force Base, 144–45
Brown, Ham, 364, 365
Brussels, 333
Buchanan, Pat, 345
Bucharest, 343
Buendorf, Larry, 421–22
Buenos Aires, 61–62
Bundy, McGeorge, 121, 207
Bundy, William, 260–61
Bunker, Ellsworth, 262
Bureau of Special Services and Investigations (BOSSI), 81
Burger, Warren, 410, 415
Burke, Jim, 389–91
Burke, Robert, 403
Burkley, George, 157, 292
Burning Tree Country Club, 15, 18, 21
Burns, John, 223
Butterfield, Alex, 388–91, 401–3, 407
Camargo, Alberto Lleras, 113
Cambodia, 109, 364
Camp David, 15, 66, 95, 98, 250, 361, 405, 410, 411
Cam Ranh Bay, 241–42, 259–64
Canada, 15, 24
Canberra, 234–36, 257–58, 355
Cape Canaveral, 57–58, 141
Cape Kennedy, 247, 339, 340
Capitol, U.S., 163, 164, 197–99, 329, 330, 333, 366, 367, 377
Captain Philip, 240
Caracas, 111–13
Carlson, Bill, 266
Carmichael, Stokely, 281
Caroline, 89, 94, 175
Carpenter, Scott, 130
Carrasco Airport, 62
Carswell Air Force Base, 146, 150, 151
Casablanca, 47–49
Casals, Pablo, 111
Castro, Fidel, 23, 62, 77, 85, 96–98, 112, 124, 216
Catholic Church, 26, 83, 92, 113, 135, 136, 163, 164, 174, 231, 268, 284, 292, 293, 306
“Cause and Prevention of Violence and Assassination,” 293
CBS, 233
Ceausesçu, Nicolae, 343–44
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 65, 77, 170, 226, 356, 394
Bay of Pigs invasion, 96–98, 103, 124–25
U-2 spy incident, 65–70, 71
; Cernan, Eugene, 349, 351
Chaffee, Roger, 247, 248
Chamber of Commerce, 149
Chapin, Dwight, 300, 367
Charles, Prince of Wales, 258
Checkpoint Charlie, 134–35
Chiang Kai-shek, 74
Chicago, 78, 203, 230, 370, 376–77
1968 Democratic National Convention, 303–6, 395
race riots, 282, 283
Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad, 10
Chicago Tribune, 362
Children’s Detail, 119, 142, 277
of Johnson children, 188–89
of Kennedy children, 119
Children’s Hospital, 136, 137
Chile, 58, 62
China, 74, 379–80
Communist, 74
Nixon and, 379–80, 383–84
Chisholm, Shirley, 388
Chou En-lai, 383
Christian, George, 279, 305, 307
Christiansen, Jake, 8
Christina, 139
Ciampino Airport, 25, 265, 266
Citroën bubbletop, 101
Civil Rights Act (1964), 197, 201, 202, 285
civil rights movement, 85, 197, 202–6, 328
Johnson and, 181, 197, 201–6, 230, 278–85
Kennedy and, 129, 142
King assassination, 278–85, 328
1968 riots, 279–85, 297, 303, 328
Selma march, 203–6
Civil War, 11, 56, 206, 212, 241
Clark Field, 72
Cleveland, 203, 230
Cleveland, Grover, 129, 363
Clifford, Clark, 273, 309
CNN, 278
Coast Guard, 106
code names, 95
Cold War, 65, 68, 71, 103, 121, 129
U-2 spy incident, 65–70, 71, 77
Collins, Mike, 339–42
Cologne, 133, 134
Colombia, 113
Colorado, 3–6, 9, 10, 11, 13, 79
Columbine III, 19, 72
Communism, 23, 40, 44, 62, 71, 74, 77, 85, 96, 111, 129, 176, 177, 207, 343, 419
Cuban, 96–98
“domino effect,” 216
East German, 134–35
Soviet, 44, 71, 77, 85, 96, 103, 121–25, 134