Reconstruction
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South Carolina 2nd (Colored) Regiment, 245
Southern Loyalist Convention, 310, 323, 325, 333
Spain, 10, 354
Spartanburg County, S.C., 392
Spartanburg Republican, 402–3
Specie payment, 370–71
Speech, freedom of, 139–49, 243, 272, 317, 354, 509, 517, 606, 658
Springfield Republican, 19–20
Stamback, W. E., 127–28
Stanbery, Henry, 345
Stanton, Edwin M., 68–69, 83, 108, 139, 158, 227, 330–31, 337, 339–41, 346–48
Stanton, Elizabeth Cady, 372–74; “Gerrit Smith on Petitions,” 357–63
State citizenship, 214, 300, 466–67, 473
State Department, U.S., 122, 259, 364, 623
State governments: freedmen in, 225, 365–66, 385, 435–39, 520; reorganization of, 28, 56–57, 59, 92, 226, 350; under military supervision, 226, 426, 657
States’ rights, 1, 19, 55, 61, 64, 78, 139, 147, 158, 294–95, 411, 457–59, 498–500, 508, 564
Steamships, 440–41
Stearns, George L.: interview with Andrew Johnson, 113–16
Stephens, Alexander H., 8, 237, 457, 459–60, 462, 464–65, 470–71, 498–99, 501
Stephens, John W., 385, 389
Stevens, Albert, 605
Stevens, Joe, 605
Stevens, John, 257
Stevens, Thaddeus, 4, 204, 229, 232, 252, 278, 285, 345–47, 570; speech in Congress on Fourteenth Amendment, 235–41; speech in Congress on impeachment, 329–36; speech in Congress on Reconstruction, 301–12; speech at Lancaster (1865), 92–107; speech at Lancaster (1866), 288–93
Stokes, Mr. (of Haralson County), 423
Stoneman, George, 252; letter to Ulysses S. Grant, 246–48
Story, Joseph, 338
Strong, William, 541
Suffrage, 231, 295, 299, 308, 311, 446, 658, 661; for black men, 6–11, 16–17, 24–25, 28–32, 48–50, 52–53, 61–64, 66, 88, 96, 108–9, 114–16, 123, 131, 133, 148–49, 170, 172, 175, 177–79, 225–28, 239–40, 258, 277–78, 291, 293, 300, 309–10, 315, 322, 326, 351, 357–62, 365–66, 371–75, 377, 379–80, 383–85, 388–89, 398, 405, 412, 425, 428–29, 447, 458, 463, 467–69, 485, 491, 494, 496–97, 505, 509, 521, 524, 531, 533–34, 536, 540–41, 546, 561, 577–80, 606–7, 609, 612, 619–20, 645–46, 657; for former Confederates, 11, 25, 32, 177, 225, 240, 258, 283, 291, 426, 433; impartial, 426, 433; for loyal white southerners, 292, 327; universal, 6–7, 109, 115, 175, 239, 285, 357, 359, 362, 380, 433, 657; for women, 7, 49, 226, 229–30, 243, 245, 357–62, 365, 372–75. See also Fifteenth Amendment
Sugarcane, 648–49
Sumner, Charles, 4, 109–10, 204, 232, 237, 278, 429, 485; letter to Gideon Welles, 56–58
Sumter County, S.C., 658–59
Supremacists, white, 4, 62–63, 225, 366, 381–82, 385–89, 394–98, 403, 407, 412, 423, 432, 445, 496, 506, 509, 515–18, 520–21, 525, 536, 538–39, 545–46, 548–50, 610, 616, 632, 645–46
Supreme Court, Louisiana, 460
Supreme Court, U.S., 186, 284–85, 314, 330–31, 477, 496, 644; Corfield v. Coryell, 493; Dred Scott decision, 244, 301, 365, 383; Ex parte Milligan, 265, 301–2, 416–18; Luther v. Borden, 106; Prize Cases, 44–45, 95; Slaughter-House Cases, 459–62, 465–67, 472–73; U.S. v. Cruikshank, 445–47, 543; U.S. v. Reese, 446
Surratt, Mary, 108
Swedish immigrants, 648
Swinton, William, 249
Switzerland, 357
T
Taney, Roger, 244, 383
Taxation, 100–101, 208–9, 214, 283, 315, 317, 333, 343, 370–71, 426, 429, 438, 445, 505, 515, 523, 531, 556, 572, 611–16
Taylor, F. D., 72
Taylor, Richard, 250
Telegraph, 440–41
Temps, Le, 108–12, 377–78
Tennessee, 26, 32, 74–75, 102–3, 115, 173, 199, 205–6, 226, 240, 515, 522, 555, 568; constitution, 195; freedmen in, 127–28, 225, 246–48, 252–57, 356; lynching in, 376; mob violence in, 225, 246–48, 252–57, 272, 509, 518
Tennyson, Alfred, 152
Tenure of Office Act, 227, 334, 338–41, 346–48
Territories, 47, 96, 217–18, 221, 292, 309
Territory, extension of, 440–41
Terrorism, by southern whites, 225, 365–66, 381–82, 385–89, 391–92, 401–3, 445–46, 449–55, 509–18, 520–21, 525, 532, 543–45, 595–605, 619–20, 622, 624, 630
Terry, Alfred H., 122
Tertullian, 207
Testimony, of freedmen, 2, 4, 49–50, 71–72, 79, 131, 134, 149, 238, 462, 496, 561, 646
Texas, 250, 270, 354, 365, 423–24, 475–76, 570; constitution, 133–34; freedmen in, 135–36, 356; political situation in, 133–35, 292; unrest in, 135–37
Thirteenth Amendment, 2, 17–18, 47, 60, 78, 103, 134, 150, 169, 183, 207–8, 224, 294, 309, 433–34, 458, 460, 462–65, 472, 496, 500, 507, 523, 582, 587, 634
Thomas, Lorenzo, 340–41, 346–47
Tilden, Samuel J., 446, 623, 638–40, 642, 644
Tillman, Alex, 449–51, 454
Tilton, Theodore, 373–74
Tinney, Mr. (Clinton massacre participant), 603–4
Tobacco, 570–71, 648–49
Toombs, Robert, 8, 204, 355
Tourgée, Albion W.: address to voters of Guilford, 315–17; letter to Joseph Abbott, 385–90; letter to National Anti-Slavery Standard, 321–28; “Root, Hog, or Die,” 606–10
Townsend, Cynthia: testimony to House Select Committee, 253–57
Trainer, C., 72
Treason, 2, 4, 20–22, 32, 54, 92, 94, 113, 164, 200–202, 204, 240, 261–62, 268–69, 284, 292, 294, 299, 304, 308–10, 318, 399, 407, 430, 537, 627
Treasury, U.S., 57, 85, 123, 191, 222, 370, 477
Treasury Department, C.S., 30
Treasury Department, U.S., 597
Tribune Almanac and Political Register, 532
Trojan War, 645
Trumbull, Lyman, 4, 346–48
Tubman, Harriet, 244–45
Tucker, John R., 614
Turks, 10, 303
Twain, Mark (Samuel Clemens): “Only a Nigger,” 376
U
“Uncle Tom,” 13
Underwood, John C., 563
Unionists, 3, 32, 109, 144–46, 151, 232, 266–68, 275, 310, 322, 515, 517–18, 550
U.S. 1st Colored Infantry Regiment, 117–21
U.S. 3rd Colored Artillery Regiment, 246, 248
U.S. Military Academy (West Point), 636
U.S. Sanitary Commission, 12, 264
U.S. v. Cruikshank, 445–47, 543
U.S. v. Reese, 446
Universal suffrage, 6–7, 109, 115, 175, 239, 285, 357, 359, 362, 380, 433, 657
Usurpation of powers, 106, 206, 298, 307, 318–19, 330–31, 337, 342, 344
Utica, N.Y., 591
V
Vagrancy laws, and freedmen, 2, 37, 343
Vance, Robert B., 479, 485, 565, 568
Van Winkle, Peter G., 346, 348
Vattel, Emerich de, 97, 101
Vaughan, Hester, 361
Vermont, 108, 141, 143, 169, 640, 648
Verres, Gaius, 348
Veto, presidential, 4, 188–97, 214–24, 232, 281, 286, 332, 369, 426
Vicksburg, Miss., 76, 82, 480, 519, 525, 602–3
Virginia, 15, 32, 94, 103, 158, 169, 249–50, 309, 365, 522, 529, 549; constitution, 327, 570–71; freedmen in, 122–23, 167–68; political situation in, 292, 534, 561–73; social situation in, 513–14; unrest in, 530–31
Voting rights. See Suffrage
W
Wade, Benjamin F., 364, 499
Wages, 38, 40, 75, 84, 122, 128, 151, 165–66, 194
Waite, Morrison R., 477
Walker, Gilbert C., 569
Walker, John C., 265
Wallace, Charley, 253
Walthall, John, 419–24
Walthall, Mrs. John, 420, 422, 424
Wanderer (slave ship), 439
War, laws of, 44–47, 50–55
, 93–102, 296, 302, 305–6
War Department, U.S., 43, 70, 77, 85, 187, 189, 227, 330, 340–41
Warmoth, Henry C., 540–42
War of 1812, 11, 45, 269, 457, 627
Warren, Mr. (Hudson County coroner), 361
Washburne, Elihu B.: letter to Thaddeus Stevens, 252
Washington, Bushrod, 493
Washington, David, 597–98
Washington, D.C., 15, 42, 85, 97, 113, 117, 119, 158, 169–70, 174, 178, 181, 188, 191, 194, 198, 207, 214, 243–44, 249, 288, 297, 331, 348, 350, 369, 399, 440, 492, 503, 506, 525, 554, 567, 569, 593, 597, 619, 635, 642
Washington, George, 105, 198–99, 285, 372, 456, 458, 567, 570; Farewell Address, 383–84
Washington College, 356
Washington County, Ga., 632
Washington Monument, 198–99
Watson, James L., 302
Welles, Gideon, 56–58
West Indies, 90, 486
West Liberty, W. Va., 229
Wheeler, William A., 625, 633
Whig Party, 28, 67, 269, 310
Whipping, of freedmen, 2, 33, 76, 84, 154, 315, 381, 392, 403, 421, 424, 621, 638
Whiskey Ring, 333, 346, 348
White, Captain (Colfax massacre victim), 453
White, Henry H., 34
White, Shack, 450, 452
Whitehead, Thomas: speech in Congress on Civil Rights Bill, 561–73
White Leagues, 509, 516–18, 521, 525, 536, 539, 545–46, 548–50, 610, 616, 645–46
Whittier, John Greenleaf, 398, 588
Whittlesey, Eliphalet, 184
Whittlesey, Lunar, 122
Whittlesey, Oscar, 122
Whittlesey, Sarah: letter to Andrew Johnson, 122–24
Williams, George H., 477
Williams, Joe, 505–6
Williams, John M. S., 570
Williams, Joseph, 127
Williams, Thomas, 345
Williams, William, 453
Williamson, J. A.: letter to Nathan A. M. Dudley, 127–28
Williamson, L. P., 127
Wilmington, N.C., 28–30
Wilson, Henry, 530
Wilson, James F., 345
Winchester, Va., 529
Winnsboro, S.C., 396
Winsmith, John, 402–3
Winters, Valentine, 75
Wirz, Henry H., 97, 111–12, 265, 308
Wisconsin, 109, 169
Wise, Henry A., 355
Women, southern, 140, 251
Women’s rights, 7, 49, 226, 229–30, 242–45, 357–63, 365, 372–75
Woods, Charles R., 77
Woods, Mr. (lynching victim), 376
Woods, William B., 543
Woodward, George W., 337
Worcester, Mass., 109
Working Women’s Association, 375
Y
Yerger, James R., 82
York, P. Jones, 86
Young, Brigham, 27
Young, John Russell, 329–36; Around the World with General Grant, 655–57
Z
Zulus, 660