Dark Sentinel ('Dark' Carpathian Book 32)
Page 40
Verb conjugation. Like its modern descendents (such as Finnish and Hungarian), Carpathian has many verb tenses, far too many to describe here. We will just focus on the conjugation of the present tense. Again, we will place contemporary Hungarian side by side with Carpathian, because of the marked similarity between the two.
As with the possessive case for nouns, the conjugation of verbs is done by adding a suffix onto the verb stem:
Person Carpathian (proto-Uralic) Contemporary Hungarian
1st singular (I give) -am (andam), -ak -ok, -ek, -ök
2nd singular (you give) -sz (andsz) -sz
3rd singular (he/she/it gives) — (and) —
1st plural (we give) -ak (andak) -unk, -ünk
2nd plural (you give) -tak (andtak) -tok, -tek, -tök
3rd plural (they give) -nak (andnak) -nak, -nek
As with all languages, there are many “irregular verbs” in Carpathian that don’t exactly fit this pattern. But the above table is still a useful guide for most verbs.
3. EXAMPLES OF THE CARPATHIAN LANGUAGE
Here are some brief examples of conversational Carpathian, used in the Dark books. We include the literal translation in square brackets. It is interestingly different from the most appropriate English translation.
Susu.
I am home.
[“home/birthplace.” “I am” is understood, as is often the case in Carpathian.]
Möért?
What for?
csitri
little one
[“little slip of a thing,” “little slip of a girl”]
ainaak enyém
forever mine
ainaak sívamet jutta
forever mine (another form)
[“forever to-my-heart connected/fixed”]
sívamet
my love
[“of-my-heart,” “to-my-heart”]
Tet vigyázam.
I love you.
[“you-love-I”]
Sarna Rituaali (The Ritual Words) is a longer example, and an example of chanted rather than conversational Carpathian. Note the recurring use of “andam” (“I give”), to give the chant musicality and force through repetition.
Sarna Rituaali (The Ritual Words)
Te avio päläfertiilam.
You are my lifemate.
Éntölam kuulua, avio päläfertiilam.
I claim you as my lifemate.
Ted kuuluak, kacad, kojed.
I belong to you.
Élidamet andam.
I offer my life for you.
Pesämet andam.
I give you my protection.
Uskolfertiilamet andam.
I give you my allegiance.
Sívamet andam.
I give you my heart.
Sielamet andam.
I give you my soul.
Ainamet andam.
I give you my body.
Sívamet kuuluak kaik että a ted.
I take into my keeping the same that is yours.
Ainaak olenszal sívambin.
Your life will be cherished by me for all my time.
Te élidet ainaak pide minan.
Your life will be placed above my own for all time.
Te avio päläfertiilam.
You are my lifemate.
Ainaak sívamet jutta oleny.
You are bound to me for all eternity.
Ainaak terád vigyázak.
You are always in my care.
To hear these words pronounced (and for more about Carpathian pronunciation altogether), please visit: http://www.christinefeehan.com/members/.
Sarna Kontakawk (The Warriors’ Chant) is another longer example of the Carpathian language. The warriors’ council takes place deep beneath the earth in a chamber of crystals with magma far below it, so the steam is natural and the wisdom of their ancestors is clear and focused. This is a sacred place where they bloodswear to their prince and people and affirm their code of honor as warriors and brothers. It is also where battle strategies are born and all dissension is discussed as well as any concerns the warriors have that they wish to bring to the council and open for discussion.
Sarna Kontakawk (The Warriors’ Chant)
Veri isäakank—veri ekäakank.
Blood of our fathers—blood of our brothers.
Veri olen elid.
Blood is life.
Andak veri-elidet Karpatiiakank, és wäke-sarna ku meke arwa-arvo, irgalom, hän ku agba, és wäke kutni, ku manaak verival.
We offer that life to our people with a bloodsworn vow of honor, mercy, integrity and endurance.
Verink sokta; verink kaŋa terád.
Our blood mingles and calls to you.
Akasz énak ku kaŋa és juttasz kuntatak it.
Heed our summons and join with us now.
To hear these words pronounced (and for more about Carpathian pronunciation altogether), please visit: http://www.christinefeehan.com/members/.
See Appendix 1 for Carpathian healing chants, including the Kepä Sarna Pus (The Lesser Healing Chant), the En Sarna Pus (The Great Healing Chant), the Odam-Sarna Kondak (Lullaby) and the Sarna Pusm O Maγet (Song to Heal the Earth).
4. A MUCH-ABRIDGED CARPATHIAN DICTIONARY
This very-much-abridged Carpathian dictionary contains most of the Carpathian words used in the Dark books. Of course, a full Carpathian dictionary would be as large as the usual dictionary for an entire language (typically more than a hundred thousand words).
Note: The Carpathian nouns and verbs below are word stems. They generally do not appear in their isolated “stem” form, as below. Instead, they usually appear with suffixes (e.g., andam—I give, rather than just the root, and).
a—verb negation (prefix); not (adverb).
aćke—pace, step.
aćke éntölem it—take another step toward me.
agba—to be seemly; to be proper (verb). True; seemly; proper (adj.)
ai—oh.
aina—body (noun).
ainaak—always; forever.
o ainaak jelä peje emnimet ŋamaŋ—sun scorch that woman forever (Carpathian swear words).
ainaakä—never.
ainaakfél—old friend.
ak—suffix added after a noun ending in a consonant to make it plural.
aka—to give heed; to hearken; to listen.
aka-arvo—respect (noun).
akarat—mind; will (noun).
ál—to bless; to attach to.
alatt—through.
aldyn—under; underneath.
al—to lift; to raise.
alte—to bless; to curse.
amaŋ—this; this one here; that; that one there.
and—to give.
and sielet, arwa-arvomet, és jelämet, kuulua huvémet ku feaj és ködet ainaak—to trade soul, honor and salvation for momentary pleasure and endless damnation.
andasz éntölem irgalomet!—have mercy!
arvo—value; price (noun).
arwa—praise (noun).
arwa-arvod—honor (noun).
arwa-arvod mäne me ködak—may your honor hold back the dark (greeting).
arwa-arvo olen gæidnod, ekäm—honor guide you, my brother (greeting).
arwa arvo olen isäntä, ekäm—honor keep you, my brother (greeting).
arwa-arvo pile sívadet—may honor light your heart (greeting).
aš—no (exclamation).
ašša—no (before a noun); not (with a verb that is not in the imperative); not (with an adjective).
aššatotello—disobedient.
asti—until.
avaa—to open.
avio—wedded.
avio päläfertiil—lifemate.
avoi—uncover; show; reveal.
baszú—revenge; vengeance.
belső—within; inside.
bur—good; well.
bur tule ekämet kuntamak—well met brother-kin (greeting).
ćaδa—to flee; to run; to escape.
ča
č3—to be born; to grow.
ćoro—to flow; to run like rain.
csecsemõ—baby (noun).
csitri—little one (female).
diutal—triumph; victory.
džinõt—brief; short.
eći—to fall.
ej—not (adverb, suffix); nej when preceding syllable ends in a vowel.
ek—suffix added after a noun ending in a consonant to make it plural.
ekä—brother.
ekäm—my brother.
elä—to live.
eläsz arwa-arvoval—may you live with honor; live nobly (greeting).
eläsz jeläbam ainaak—long may you live in the light (greeting).
elävä—alive.
elävä ainak majaknak—land of the living.
elid—life.
emä—mother (noun).
Emä Maγe—Mother Nature.
emäen—grandmother.
embε—if; when.
embε karmasz—please.
emni—wife; woman.
emni hän ku köd alte—cursed woman.
emni kuŋenak ku aššatotello—disobedient lunatic.
emnim—my wife; my woman.
én—I.
en—great; many; big.
en hän ku pesä—the protector (literally: the great protector).
en Karpatii—the prince (literally: the great Carpathian).
enä—most.
enkojra—wolf.
én jutta félet és ekämet—I greet a friend and brother (greeting).
én maγenak—I am of the earth.
én oma maγeka—I am as old as time (literally: as old as the earth).
En Puwe—The Great Tree. Related to the legends of Ygddrasil, the axis mundi, Mount Meru, heaven and hell, etc.
engem—of me.
és—and.
év—year.
évsatz—century.
ete—before; in front of.
että—that.
fáz—to feel cold or chilly.
fél—fellow; friend.
fél ku kuuluaak sívam belső—beloved.
fél ku vigyázak—dear one.
feldolgaz—prepare.
fertiil—fertile one.
fesztelen—airy.
fü—herbs; grass.
gæidno—road; way.
gond—care; worry; love (noun).
hän—he; she; it; one.
hän agba—it is so.
hän ku—prefix: one who; he who; that which.
hän ku agba—truth.
hän ku kaśwa o numamet—sky-owner.
hän ku kuulua sívamet—keeper of my heart.
hän ku lejkka wäke-sarnat—traitor.
hän ku meke pirämet—defender.
hän ku pesä—protector.
hän ku pesäk kaikak—guardians of all.
hän ku piwtä—predator; hunter; tracker.
hän ku pusm—healer.
hän ku saa kuć3aket—star-reacher.
hän ku tappa—killer; violent person (noun). Deadly; violent (adj.).
hän ku tuulmahl elidet—vampire (literally: life-stealer).
hän ku vie elidet—vampire (literally: thief of life).
hän ku vigyáz sielamet—keeper of my soul.
hän ku vigyáz sívamet és sielamet—keeper of my heart and soul.
hän sívamak—beloved.
hängem—him; her; it.
hank—they.
hany—clod; lump of earth.
hisz—to believe; to trust.
ho—how.
ida—east.
igazág—justice.
ila—to shine.
inan—mine; my own (endearment).
irgalom—compassion; pity; mercy.
isä—father (noun).
isäntä—master of the house.
it—now.
jaguár—jaguar.
jaka—to cut; to divide; to separate.
jakam—wound; cut; injury.
jälleen—again.
jama—to be sick, infected, wounded or dying; to be near death.
jamatan—fallen; wounded; near death.
jelä—sunlight; day, sun; light.
jelä keje terád—light sear you (Carpathian swear words).
o jelä peje kaik hänkanak—sun scorch them all (Carpathian swear words).
o jelä peje emnimet—sun scorch the woman (Carpathian swear words).
o jelä peje terád—sun scorch you (Carpathian swear words).
o jelä peje terád, emni—sun scorch you, woman (Carpathian swear words).
o jelä sielamak—light of my soul.
joma—to be under way; to go.
joŋe—to come; to return.
joŋesz arwa-arvoval—return with honor (greeting).
joŋesz éntölem, fél ku kuuluaak sívam belsö—come to me, beloved.
jotka—gap; middle; space.
jotkan—between.
juo—to drink.
juosz és eläsz—drink and live (greeting).
juosz és olen ainaak sielamet jutta—drink and become one with me (greeting).
juta—to go; to wander.
jüti—night; evening.
jutta—connected; fixed (adj.). To connect; to join; to fix; to bind (verb).
k—suffix added after a noun ending in a vowel to make it plural.
kać3—gift.
kaca—male lover.
kadi—judge.
kaik—all.
käktä—two; many.
käktäverit—mixed blood (literally: two bloods).
kalma—corpse; death; grave.
kaŋa—to call; to invite; to summon; to request; to beg.
kaŋk—windpipe; Adam’s apple; throat.
karma—want.
Karpatii—Carpathian.
karpatii ku köd—liar.
Karpatiikunta—the Carpathian people.
käsi—hand.
kaśwa—to own.
kaδa—to abandon; to leave; to remain.
kaδa wäkeva óv o köd—stand fast against the dark (greeting).
kat—house; family (noun).
katt3—to move; to penetrate; to proceed.
keje—to cook; to burn; to sear.
kepä—lesser; small; easy; few.
kessa—cat.
kessa ku toro—wildcat.
kessake—little cat.
kidü—to wake up; to arise (intransitive verb).
kim—to cover an entire object with some sort of covering.
kinn—out; outdoors; outside; without.
kinta—fog; mist; smoke.
kislány—little girl.
kislány kuŋenak—little lunatic.
kislány kuŋenak minan—my little lunatic.
köd—fog; mist; darkness; evil (noun). Foggy, dark; evil (adj.).
köd alte hän—darkness curse it (Carpathian swear words).
o köd belső—darkness take it (Carpathian swear words).
köd elävä és köd nime kutni nimet—evil lives and has a name.
köd jutasz belsö—shadow take you (Carpathian swear words).
koj—let; allow; decree; establish; order.
koje—man; husband; drone.
kola—to die.
kolasz arwa-arvoval—may you die with honor (greeting).
kolatan—dead; departed.
koma—empty hand; bare hand; palm of the hand; hollow of the hand.
kond—all of a family’s or clan’s children.
kont—warrior; man.
kont o sívanak—strong heart (literally: heart of the warrior).
kor3—basket; container made of birch bark.
kor3nat—containing; including.
ku—who; which; that; where; which; what.
kuć3—star.
kuć3ak!—stars! (exclamation),
kudeje—descent; generation.
kuja—day; sun.
kule—to hear.
kulke—to go or to travel (on land or water).
kulkesz arwa arvoval, ekäm—walk with honor, my brother (greeting).
kulkesz arwaval, joŋesz arwa arvoval—go with glory, return with honor (greeting).
kuly—intestinal worm; tapeworm; demon who possesses and devours souls.
küm—human male.
kumala—to sacrifice; to offer; to pray.
kumpa—wave (noun).
kuńa—to lie as if asleep; to close or cover the eyes in a game of hide-and-seek; to die.
kuŋe—moon; month.
kunta—band; clan; tribe; family; people; lineage; line.
kuras—sword; large knife.
kure—bind; tie.
kuš—worker; servant.
kutenken—however.
kutni—to be able to bear, carry, endure, stand or take.
kutnisz ainaak—long may you endure (greeting).
kuulua—to belong; to hold.
kužõ—long.
lääs—west.
lamti (or lamt3)—lowland; meadow; deep; depth.
lamti ból jüti, kinta, ja szelem—the nether world (literally: the meadow of night, mists, and ghosts).
lańa—daughter.
lejkka—crack; fissure; split (noun). To cut; to hit; to strike forcefully (verb).
lewl—spirit (noun).
lewl ma—the other world (literally: spirit land). Lewl ma includes lamti ból jüti, kinta, ja szelem: the nether world, but also includes the worlds higher up En Puwe, the Great Tree.
liha—flesh.
lõuna—south.
löyly—breath; steam. (related to lewl: spirit).
luwe—bone.
ma—land; forest; world.
magköszun—thank.
mana—to abuse; to curse; to ruin.
mäne—to rescue; to save.
maγe—land; earth; territory; place; nature.
mboće—other; second (adj.).
me—we.
megem—us.
meke—deed; work (noun). To do; to make; to work (verb).
mić (or mića)—beautiful.
mića emni kuŋenak minan—my beautiful lunatic.
minden—every; all (adj.).
möért?—what for? (exclamation).
molo—to crush; to break into bits.
molanâ—to crumble; to fall apart.
moo—why; reason.
mozdul—to begin to move; to enter into movement.
muonì—appoint; order; prescribe; command.
muonìak te avoisz te—I command you to reveal yourself.
musta—memory.
myös—also.
m8—thing; what.
na—close; near.
nä—for.
nâbbŏ—so, then.
ŋamaŋak—these; these ones here; those; those ones there.
nautish—to enjoy.
nélkül—without.
nenä—anger.
nime—name.