Following Fifi
Page 26
Six authors provided me with guidance in shaping and refining the manuscript:
Thor Hanson (The Triumph of Seeds)
Brenda Peterson (Wolf Nation)
Clare Hodgson Meeker (Rhino Rescue!)
Peter Ames Carlin (Bruce)
James Thayer (House of Eight Orchids)
Phil Hanrahan (Life After Favre)
Four free-lance editors supported me: Linda Gunnarson, Marlene Blessing, Michele Rubin, and Cypress House.
Contributors to the manuscript:
Hamisi Matama Majana, field assistant and friend
David Anthony Collins (Anton), baboon researcher and translator
Abdul Ntandu, field assistant and translator
Thomas Crocker, son
Former Stanford and Gombe researchers:
Nancy Merrick, internist
Chuck de Sieyes, family physician
Kathryn Morris, family physician
Other contributors:
Richard Wrangham, Harvard Department of Human Evolutionary Biology (Demonic Males),
David A Hamburg, former president, National Institute of Medicine, Mary Lewis,
Paul Witt, Nanette Leuschel, Emily Polis Gibson, Grant Scull, Travis Abbott, Wayne Dodge, Tobias Dang, Susan Crocker, and Hank Klein.
The Jane Goodall Institute and TACARE.
Photo support: Mary Paris of the Jane Goodall Institue, National Geographic, Curt Busse, Emilie Riss, Anne Pusey, Grant Heidrich, Maria Fernandez, and Aadje Geertsema for her cover photo.
Finally to my wife Wendy for endless hours of supporting my writing, my son Patrick for his interest in the chimps and perfecting their calls, and my son Thomas (Tommy) for venturing back to Gombe with me.
It does take a village and I appreciate all the support I received in writing my first book, Following Fifi.
INDEX
Page numbers listed correspond to the print edition of this book. You can use your device’s search function to locate particular terms in the text.
A
Abdul (field assistant/translator). See Ntandu, Abdul
Adaptation skills, 45–46, 63, 67, 135–138
ADHD characteristics, xv, 118, 122–125
Africa in My Blood, 181
Aggressive behavior, 9–12, 41, 52–60, 64–65, 91
Alpha male status, 26–28, 53–59, 170, 192. See also Male chimpanzees
American Sign Language, 99
Anxiety, xv, 113–118, 126–135, 139
B
Baboons
observation of, ix, xix, 28–29
protection from, 112, 161
study of, 68–69, 83, 95–97, 149, 237
Babu (chimpanzee)
behavior of, 9–12
description of, 9–10
letter about, 97
observation of, 9–10
remembering, 26, 97, 253–254
Beethoven (chimpanzee), 59
Berman, Phillip, 181
Bill (researcher), 17, 66, 73
Biomedical experiments, 253–255
Black mamba snakes, xiii, 23, 146–147, 189, 197
Bloomsmith, Mollie A., 46
Blue Zones, 122
Bonobo Handshake, 58
Bonobos, 58–59
Bryceson, Derek, 95–96, 102–103, 179, 181, 231, 236
Bubongo Village, 30, 78–82, 85, 144, 204–221, 228
Buettner, Dan, 122
C
Caroline (researcher), 56, 62, 66, 73
Cayce, Edgar, 180
Charlie (chimpanzee), 65
Chimpanzee, 59
Chimpanzees. See also specific chimpanzees
adaptation skills of, 45–46, 63, 67, 135–138
adolescence in, 49–50, 59, 67, 114, 144, 155, 171, 200, 225–226
aggressive behavior of, 9–12, 41, 52–60, 64–65, 91
aging in, 182
alpha male status of, 26–28, 53–59, 170, 192
bonding of, 41–50
communities of, xix, 4–5, 15–19, 47, 61–67, 91, 109, 166–167, 175–176
DNA similarities with, xv, 6, 63, 252
DNA testing of, 49, 59, 239
expressing emotions, 7–8, 98–99, 126–131
fathers of, 49, 59, 239
future of, 104, 108–109
health of, 48, 57–58
hormonal changes in, 49, 132
independence of, 34, 49–50, 119
learning from, xiv–xv, 39–42, 109–119, 124–129, 132, 137–138, 195–203
life expectancy of, 182, 210
mating habits of, 56–58
medical research on, 253–255
naming, 90–91
nest building of, xxv, 27, 44, 101, 169–170, 173, 188–191
nurturing behavior of, 34–51
observational learning by, 38–40, 45–46, 49–50, 56
playtime for, 36–38, 42–43
polio in, 48, 63, 137
protecting, 104, 108–109, 233, 253–255
release into sanctuaries, 253–255
socialization skills of, 42–43
stress-reducing behavior in, 57–58
study of, 7–12, 15–19, 68–69, 90–91
trauma responses in, 44
understanding of, x–xi, xiv–xv, 98–99
weaning, 8, 41
Colobus monkeys
capturing, 24
killing, 52, 64, 72, 129, 168–171
observation of, 22, 29
Conservation program, 163, 246–248
Creative adaptations, 135–138. See also Adaptation skills
Crocker, John, ix–xi
Crocker, Patrick, 108, 144, 151, 171, 193, 198–201, 213, 216, 232, 243–244
Crocker, Thomas (Tommy), xi, xv, 40, 108, 114, 139, 144–200, 203–216, 219, 228–233, 240, 244–247
Crocker, Wendy, 108, 151, 172, 198–200, 220, 232, 237, 244, 248, 256
Cultural differences, 45, 77–78, 83–86, 94–95
D
Darbee (chimpanzee), 59
De Sieyes, Chuck, 235–236, 239–240
Demonic Males: Apes and the Origins of Human Violence, 59
Denning, Lady, 233
Denning, Lord, 233
Depression, xv, 91–93, 98, 113–118, 126–133
DNA similarities, xv, 6, 63, 252
DNA testing, 49, 59, 239
E
Ebey’s Landing National Historical Reserve, 251–256
Emilie (researcher). See Riss, Emilie
Emotions, expressing, 7–8, 98–99, 126–131
Environmental protection, 163, 246–248, 252
Esilom (field assistant), 16, 61–66, 70–71, 75, 207–208
Evered (chimpanzee), 19, 54, 132, 239
Evolutionary perspective, xv, 43–46, 52, 118, 123–125, 194
F
Faben (chimpanzee)
description of, xx, 19
learning from, 137
observation of, 4, 18–19, 52–54, 72, 193
Fadhili (tour guide), 246–248
Ferdinand (chimpanzee), 28
Fifi (chimpanzee)
death of, 156, 167, 183
description of, xix, 50
learning from, xiv, 109, 111–116
letter to, 183–185
notes on, 35–37, 42–43
observation of, x, 6, 19, 22–27, 34–51, 56–58, 99–102, 183–187, 193
offspring of, 22, 24, 26–28, 34–51
photo of, xviii
remembering, 156, 167, 182–187, 225, 252
as teacher, 39–40
termite-fishing, 39–40
Figan (chimpanzee)
alpha male status of, 192
description of, xx, 19, 52–53, 199, 202–203
learning from, 119, 132, 199–200
observation of, 4, 6, 18–19, 43, 52–55, 58, 72, 101, 192–193
photo of, xx
remembering, 252
Fight-or-flight response, 53, 57, 132
Flame (chimpanzee), 115
description of, 115
learning from, 128–129, 138
observation of, 7–8, 38
Flo (chimpanzee)
description of, xix, 50, 115
naming, 90
observation of, 6–8, 50, 90–91
offspring of, 6, 18–19, 26, 35, 38, 50
remembering, 245
Forest reflections, 195–203, 218–234
Fouts, Roger, 99
Freddy (chimpanzee), 59
Freud (chimpanzee)
alpha male status of, 192
description of, xix, 26–28, 170
learning from, xiv, 109, 111–115, 119
notes on, 35–37, 42–43
observation of, 18–19, 22–27, 56, 99–101, 166–168, 186–190
photo of, xviii
remembering, 225, 230
as student, 39–40
termite-fishing, 39–40
Frodo (chimpanzee)
alpha male status of, 170, 192
description of, 28, 239
learning from, xv, 124–126
observation of, 167, 170–171, 189–190
remembering, 171, 230
Furnas, Dave, 240
G
Gaia (chimpanzee), 114
“Gang warfare,” 67
Glitter (chimpanzee), 91, 114, 150–151
Goblin (chimpanzee), 19, 119
Godi (chimpanzee), 64, 66
Golden (chimpanzee), 91, 114, 150–151
Gombe Stream National Park
arrival in, 13–33
exploring, ix–xv, 15–33, 141–153, 156–250
Jane’s Peak in, 174–187, 232
kidnappings in, 54, 196, 233, 235–237
leaving, 98–104, 229–234
medical clinic in, 30–33, 66
reflections on, 195–203, 218–234, 252, 255–256
returning to, 141–153, 156–250
Goodall, Jane
beginning work by, 8–9, 15–19, 39, 48–50, 90–91
campsite of, 15–19, 24
conservation program of, 163, 246–248
early life of, 90
gift from, 104
inner spirit of, 179–182
inspiration from, 88–97
keeping up with, 235–249
letters from, 96–97
meeting, 15, 88–89
parents of, 48
personality of, 88–97
reunion with, 148–154, 235–238
speaking engagements of, 5, 17, 90, 176, 235–237, 243–245, 248–249
teaching son, 48–49
visit from, 151, 179–180, 244
working with, xiii, 7–8, 28–33, 48–50, 59–67, 88–97
Gremlin (chimpanzee)
description of, xxv, 27, 239
learning from, 109, 112, 114, 119
notes on, 36–37
observation of, 18–19, 24, 36–38, 44–45, 49, 53, 91, 101
photo of, xxiv
remembering, 230
twins of, xxv, 91–92, 114, 150–151
Greybeard, David (chimpanzee)
description of, 5–6, 15–16
naming, 90
observation of, 90–91, 245
remembering, 245
Grub (son of Jane). See Van Lawick, Hugo Eric Louis “Grub”
H
Hamburg, David, 54–55
Hamisi (field guide/researcher). See Majana, Hamisi Matama
Healers, 31, 80–81, 180, 215, 219, 222, 226–228
Hilali (field assistant), 70, 87, 209
Hoare, Janet, 9–11
Hoare, Joe, 9
Honey Bee (chimpanzee), 63–67
Hospital Practice, 226
Humphrey (chimpanzee), 18, 55
I
Infant bonding, 41–50. See also Mother-infant relationships
Infant mortality rate, 31–32, 212
Infant playtime, 36–38, 42–43
J
Jane Goodall: The Woman Who Defined Man, 181
Jane’s Peak, 174–187, 232
Jomeo (chimpanzee), 19, 24, 25
Juma (field assistant), 3–5, 101
K
Kahama chimp community, 19, 61–67, 91
Kasekela chimp community, xix, 4–5, 15–19, 47, 62–67, 91, 109, 166–167, 175–176. See also specific chimpanzees
L
Lake Tanganyika Catchment Reforestation and Education (TACARE), 163, 246–248
Lameck (park director), 157–158
Land preservation, 163, 246–248, 252
Leakey, Louis, 8, 39, 148
Leakey, Mary, 148
Lewis, Mary, 246
Life expectancies, 182, 210
Little Bee (chimpanzee), 63–67
M
Madame Bee (chimpanzee)
description of, 62
learning from, 137
observation of, 61–67, 91
offspring of, 63
Majana, Hamisi Matama
capabilities of, 71–72, 76–87
correspondence with, 143
cultural differences and, 77–78, 83–86
field style of, 71–72, 76–77
home of, 78–82, 209–211
interview with, 215–217
meeting, 17
observations by, 25, 28, 39, 41–43, 50–51, 71–72, 76–77
reflections on, 255–256
reunion with, xi, 159–163, 209–214
visit with family of, 78–82, 209–211
Male chimpanzees. See also specific chimpanzees
aggressive behavior of, 9–12, 41, 52–60, 64–65, 91
alpha male status of, 26–28, 53–59, 170, 192
fathers, 49, 59, 239
fighting among, 56–57, 91
health of, 57–58
mating habits of, 56–58
observation of, 18–19, 52–60
observational learning in, 56
power of, 53–54, 65
stress-reducing behavior in, 57–58
Mallory, George, 85
Medical clinic in Gombe, 30–33, 66
Medical field, entering, 107–117
Medical practice
establishing, 107–117
improving lives, 218–228
influences on, 110–140, 218–228, 238–243, 255–256
modern-day medicine, 220–224
obstetrics, 220–224, 241–243
reflections on, 110–140, 218–228
traditional healing and, 226–228
Medical research, 253–255
Medicinal plant specialist, 215, 219, 255
Medicine man, 31, 219, 226. See also Healers
Meditations, 28, 133, 139, 175, 178
Mel (chimpanzee), 59
Melissa (chimpanzee)
description of, xxv, 239
learning from, 109, 112, 116, 119
notes on, 36–37
observation of, x, 24, 35–38, 44–49, 53, 101
offspring of, 19, 24
photo of, xxiv
Merrick, Nancy, 66, 238–239
Miff (chimpanzee), 56
Mike (chimpanzee), 55
Miss Goodall and the Wild Chimpanzees, 7, 55
Mkono, Hamisi, 17
Modern-day medicine, 220–224
Morris, Kathryn, 241–242
Morris-Goodall, Vanne, 8, 15, 88–89, 179
Mortality rates, 31–32, 147, 212
Mother-infant relationships. See also specific chimpanzees
bonding in, 41–50
closeness of, 41–50
communication in, 42–43
importance of, 35–47
learning from, 39–42
mothering skills, 25, 38, 45–47, 116, 182–183, 193
notes on, 35–37, 42–43
nurturing behavior in, 34–51
observation of, 6–7, 26–28, 34–51, 65–66, 166
observational learning in, 38–40, 45–46, 49–50
playtime
in, 36–38, 42–43
trauma responses in, 44
with twins, xxv, 91–92, 114, 150
Mount Kilimanjaro, 82–85, 95, 156–157
My Life with the Chimpanzees, 176
N
National Geographic, 5, 15, 17, 38, 55, 113, 156, 175
Nature, experiencing, 109–111, 132–134
Nature-versus-nurture debate, 48, 115, 186
Nest building, xxv, 27, 44, 101, 169–170, 173, 188–191
Nova (chimpanzee), x, 24, 35, 43–44
Ntandu, Abdul
capabilities of, 166–171, 188–191, 203–207, 210–213, 228, 233
meeting, 164
observations by, 166–171, 174–182, 195–196
Nurturing behaviors, 34–51. See also Mother-infant relationships
O
Obama, Barack, 248
Observational learning, 38–40, 45–46, 49–50, 56
Oscar (chimpanzee), 59
P
Passion (chimpanzee)
cannibalizing infants, 47–48
description of, xxi, xxiii, 93, 201–202
observation of, x, 24, 35, 47–48
offspring of, 19, 24, 35, 47–48
photo of, xxi
Patience, exercising, 40–41, 90, 92–93
Pax (chimpanzee), 189–190
Peterson, Dale, 59, 181
Playtime, 36–38, 42–43
Poaching, 9, 59, 233, 252
Polio, 48, 63, 137
Political issues, 54, 94–95, 246–247
Pom (chimpanzee)
cannibalizing infants, 47–48
description of, xxi, xxiii, 93
learning from, 119
observation of, 19, 24, 47–48
Power, displays of, 53–54, 65, 86, 124
Present, being, 40–41, 90, 139–140, 177–179
Primate behavior. See also Chimpanzees
aggressive behavior, 9–12, 41, 52–60, 64–65, 91
bonding, 41–50
emotions, 7–8, 98–99, 126–131
nurturing behaviors, 34–51
stress-reducing behaviors, 57–58
study of, 7–12, 15–19, 68–69, 90–91
understanding of, x–xi, xiv–xv, 98–99
Prof (chimpanzee)
description of, xxi, xxiii, 93, 201–202
observation of, 18–19, 35, 47
photo of, xxii
Purpose, sense of, 126–129, 178, 256
R
Rafael (field guide), 62–66
Reason for Hope, 97, 176, 181
Reconnections, 148–155, 159–163, 170–173
Relaxation techniques, 57–58, 133–134
Retirement, 126–129
Rhesus monkeys, 7
Riss, Emilie, 30–31, 73, 235–237
Roots & Shoots, 244, 245, 248
Rudo (field guide), 204–206, 219, 228
Rugema (field assistant), 52–53, 61, 70, 210