Reclaiming Conversation

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Reclaiming Conversation Page 48

by Sherry Turkle


  hoarding of, 167, 174

  ignoring phone when with, 156

  image sharing among, 35–36, 37, 151–52

  and monitoring phone use, 147, 154

  online, 164, 167, 172–73, 174

  other-directedness and, 145–46

  past history and, 168, 169

  phones as disrupting conversations of, 157–58

  physical closeness in, 140

  “real” conversations of, 174

  reinforcement, 174

  second chair and, 10, 11, 235–36

  and sharing goals of self-realization, 175

  and talking about what’s on phones, 150–52

  technologies and, 139–42, 152

  texting and, 144–48

  true, 174–75

  “What do you want in a friend?” exercise, 163

  “Who has my back?,” 163

  gambling, analogies with life online, 72–73, 74, 234

  games, computer, see computer games

  Gardner, Howard, 323, 324

  Gasser, Urs, 222

  gay adolescents, 112

  Gchat, 34, 103, 105, 127, 193, 195, 202, 203–5

  student collaboration and, 244–45

  generations, 12–14, 27–28

  compact between, 359

  friendship and technology and, 139–42

  Gladwell, Malcolm, 297–98

  Glass Bead Game, The (Hermann Hesse), 221

  global climate change, difficulties of conversation about, 16, 300, 310, 311

  Gmail, 305, 327

  Goldilocks effect, 21, 29, 202, 203, 265

  Google, 19, 74, 104, 219

  cafeterias at, 274

  Docs, 244

  *“garages” at, 320

  Gchat, see Gchat

  Glass, 168–69, 170

  Gmail, 305, 327

  privacy and, 306, 313, 315–16, 327

  Google jockeying, 218

  GPS, 303, 304, 306

  grazing, attentional, 222–23

  Habermas, Jürgen, 332

  Happiness Tracker (app), 95–96, 99

  Harvard Divinity School, 233

  Harvard University, 211, 243

  MOOCs, 228, 229, 233

  Hayles, Katherine, 217–18, 219, 221

  Hesse, Hermann, 221

  Hill, Anita, 303

  hiring employees, 45–46

  Holbrooke School (pseudonym), 3, 5–6, 7, 68–70, 71–72, 161–65, 323

  Hoover, J. Edgar, 302

  hospitalization, 135, 136

  hoteling, 48–49, 269

  Huffington, Arianna, 326

  hurting others’ feelings, in middle school, 162, 164, 165–66

  hyper attention, 217–21, 222, 227

  image sharing, 35–36, 37, 151–52

  imagination, 62, 64, 65, 66, 71, 218, 317

  Incredibles, The (motion picture), 288

  information and data, 116, 119, 151, 232

  databases and, 224

  emails and, 264

  in medicine, 224, 282

  narrative and, 222–23

  privacy and, 301, 306, 310–15, 327, 328–29

  romance and, 192, 193, 203

  searches for, 224–25, 306–8, 312, 313, 315–16

  valuing and overvaluing, 354–55

  information silos, 50

  in-person conversation, see face-to-face conversation

  Instagram (app), 112, 117, 138, 139, 140, 152, 172

  intellectual serendipity, during collaboration, 245

  intelligence, meaning of word, 51–52

  Internet, 85, 86, 240

  advertising and, 307, 308

  as hindrance to life, 115, 116

  information searches on, 224–25, 306–8, 312, 313, 315–16

  politics and, 293-316; see also politics

  privacy and, see privacy

  time on, as solitude, 61, 74–75

  weak ties and, 297

  Internet Explorer, 304

  interruptions, 35–38, 41, 44–45, 53, 68, 286, 321

  experienced as connections, 37, 125

  intimacy, 4, 7, 12, 50, 158, 175, 180, 346

  collaboration and, 246

  Invisible Children, Inc., 294, 295. 296

  iPads, 55

  in classrooms, 72, 216–17

  in meetings, 257

  Iran:

  hostage crisis in, 15

  uprising in, 297

  Jackson, Daniel, 239–40

  Jackson, Samuel L., 339–40

  Jobs, Steve, 55

  journaling, 82, 83, 85, 88–89

  with 750 Words, 90–91, 93

  judges, conversation among, 263–64

  Kafka, Franz, 67

  Kahneman, Daniel, 245–46

  Kassirer, Jerome P., 224

  Kelly, Kevin, 349

  Kismet (sociable robot), 341, 342–44

  Koller, Daphne, 231, 236

  Kony, Joseph, 293, 294–95, 296, 297, 298

  Lane, Robert, 183

  leadership, 77–78, 271–72, 274

  learning:

  grazing and, 222–23

  relationship with teacher and, 231–32

  see also education

  lectures, 74, 215, 228, 231, 232, 234–35, 236, 237–38, 241, 242

  Lévinas, Emmanuel, 342

  library books and “mindspace,” 302, 303, 304, 310

  lightbulb moments, 76

  Linux, 312–13

  listening, 71–72, 109–10, 118, 129–30, 161–62, 163, 165, 357, 359

  to oneself, 98

  literary fiction and empathy, 69, 111

  loneliness, 23, 65, 265, 286–87, 346

  Loopt (app), 304

  love, 246

  falling in, 180, 189

  see also romance

  machines, 173

  advice (personal) from, 355

  conversations through, 16–17, 293–316, 338

  conversations with, 16–17, 50–52, 337–61

  empathy and, 338, 340, 347

  with faces, 342

  fourth chair and, 16–17, 50–52, 337, 338, 359

  psychotherapy through, 347–48, 351

  Siri, 50–51, 337, 339–40, 346–47, 348, 357

  treating people as, 345–46

  with voices, 341–42

  see also robots

  machine zone, 72–73, 74, 185, 279

  MacVicar Day (MIT), 239–40, 247

  Madrigal, Alexis, 73, 74

  Malkovich, John, 339–40

  Mann, Thomas, 67

  marketing, targeted, 307, 308

  marriages, arranged, 184

  Marx, Karl, 307

  Massive Open Online Courses, see MOOCs

  maximizers, 182–83

  Mayer, Marissa, 269

  McCain, John, 39

  McCarthy, Joseph, 302

  mealtimes, phones at, 13, 19, 29–31, 48, 153, 170, 267, 345

  cell phone tower game and, 30–31

  family and, 42, 47, 104, 109, 110, 112–15, 118–21, 284, 345

  no-phones policies and, 121

  rule of three and, 19–20, 30

  medical scribes, 283

  medicine, conversations and education in, 224, 281–83

  meditation and mindfulness, 280, 288, 361

  meetings, 4, 9, 15, 43, 52, 53, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 257, 258, 259, 260, 262, 264, 267, 271, 272, 273, 275, 278, 287, 289

  politics and, 298

  work, see work meetings

  meme tracks, 255–57

  Memex, 76, 320

 
memory, outsourcing of, 224–25

  mentoring, 11, 13–14, 105, 115, 262, 331–32

  for conversation, 264, 284

  of students, 247

  messaging, see texting and messaging

  Microsoft, 304

  mindspace, 302, 303, 304, 312, 316, 330

  mind wandering, 74, 76–77, 79, 97

  see also daydreaming

  Minsky, Marvin, 338, 352

  mirror neurons, 342

  “missing chip” hypothesis, 110

  mistakes, 51, 53, 174, 241, 347, 356

  MIT, 211–12, 231, 232, 238, 242, 341, 347, 349

  Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, 342

  MacVicar Day, 239–40, 247

  Media Lab (MIT), 252

  Project Athena, 234–35, 236

  MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses), 227–34, 235, 237, 238, 239

  Coursera, 230, 231

  face-to-face contact in, importance of, 230

  Udacity, 230, 234

  Mood Map (app), 93–94

  Morozov, Evgeny, 91, 304, 329–30

  Morris, Margaret E., 93–94

  mourning, 92, 135–36

  Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, 67

  multitasking, 14–15, 39, 42, 43, 139, 213, 219–20, 154, 251, 264, 321

  as addiction, 215

  attentional pluralism and, 219

  brain and, 213, 221, 321

  in classrooms, 213–17

  effects of, 220, 257, 260, 261

  at meetings, 251, 257, 258–59

  myth of, 213, 215

  Tabless Thursday and, 261

  work and, 260, 283–84

  Myers, David, 183

  My Real Baby (sociable robot doll), 349

  MySpace, 140

  Nagy, Gregory, 229, 233

  narratives, 81, 87, 88–89, 220, 222–23

  numbers and, 89, 90–91, 93

  about oneself, 308

  Nass, Clifford, 40–42, 138, 318

  National Security Agency (NSA), 313, 327

  negotiations, email and, 266

  neighbors, “disappearance” of, 114

  Netscape, 85

  news:

  catastrophes and, 300

  news crawl, 15, 42

  newspapers, as distraction, compared to digital media, 115

  New Year’s party, by teleconference, 268

  New York Times, 228

  Ng, Andrew, 230

  Nobel Peace Prize, 297

  Nobel Prize, 182, 245–46

  noise, and anti-noise movement, 329–30

  nostalgia, 104, 114, 184

  NOTHING gambit, 177–79

  NSA (National Security Agency), 313, 327

  objects not-to-think with, 310–12, 327

  O’Brien, Conan, 59

  “on call,” being, 158–61

  online real, 293

  opinions, controversial, desire not to have them, 311, 322

  Orwell, George, 298

  other-directedness, 145–46

  Palfrey, John, 222

  panopticon, 305, 306

  Papert, Seymour, 228

  parents and children, 22, 26, 27, 47

  advice and, 355

  and asking children to use words, 36

  asymmetrical relationships between, 120–21

  and availability of parents, 160–61

  and checking location of family member, 130–31, 134–35

  digital passbacks and, 63, 66

  eye contact and, 36, 108–9

  mentorship in, 11, 13–14, 105, 115

  phones and, 62–63, 66, 104, 107–8, 112–15, 117–26, 160, 179, 284

  rules and, 121

  technological expertise and, 118–19

  trust and, 113

  turning to phone while on school field trip, 122–23, 124, 125

  see also family

  parties, 153

  birthday, in the early days of texting, 141

  finding, and paralysis by FOMO, 145, 146

  for graduating seniors, silence at, 138

  online, 268

  romance and, 181–82

  patience, 35, 38, 69, 161–62, 172

  Pavarotti, Luciano, 177

  Pentland, Alex, 252

  performance, online experience as, 24, 62, 83, 84, 106, 109–10, 117

  “personalization” or tracking, 314–15

  pets, virtual, 352, 356

  Pfeifle, Mark, 297

  Phillips, Adam, 98

  phone calls and conversations, 45

  cancelling plans and, 33

  fear and avoidance of, 119, 148–49

  responding to, 142–43, 148, 299

  at work, 149

  phones, 24, 42, 55

  addiction to, 32, 37–38, 113, 126

  as adding value to conversations, 123, 124

  apps on, 73, 74, 126, 306

  in classrooms, 14–15, 121, 164–65, 212–14

  discarding smartphone, 167–68

  as disrupting conversation of friendships, 157–58

  as distraction in relationships, 192–94

  early smartphone years, 140–43, 144–45, 147-48

  emergencies” and, 26, 53, 158, 160, 299

  and fear of missing out, 145, 146–47

  and feeling like a whole person, 123–-24, 150

  ignoring, and thus making a person feel more important, 156

  and keeping conversations light, 20, 21, 160

  at mealtimes, see mealtimes, phones at

  no-phones policies, 121, 213–14, 259–60, 283

  parent-child relationships and, 62–63, 66, 104, 107–8, 112–17, 117–26, 160, 179

  presence of, 20–21, 27, 319

  privacy and, 303, 304, 306

  putting people “on pause” in order to check, 124, 155, 345

  sleeping with, 42, 66, 116, 122, 158, 159, 300

  talking about what is on, 150–52, 161

  and vulnerability to feeling alone, 152–53

  see also texting and messaging

  photograph sharing, 35–36, 37, 151–52

  phubbing, 4,137

  physicians, 281–83

  Picasso, Pablo, 67

  pilot in cockpit analogy (for associates in law firm), 28–29, 249, 266, 287

  Plato, 220

  play, 3, 5, 62-64, 65, 71

  Poincaré, Henri, 76

  politics, 50, 293–316

  friendship model for, 296–98

  Kony and, 293, 294–95, 296, 298

  social media and, 295–98, 314

  see also public square

  PowerPoint, 218, 220, 223

  predictable time off (PTO), 287

  presence, physical:

  electronic presence and, 154

  value of, 262–64, 271–72

  Prévost, Abbé, 332

  privacy, 50, 85-86, 302–4, 312–16, 327-330

  all-or-nothing thinking about, 329–30

  apathy about, 310-312, 313–14

  browsers and, 312, 313

  convenience vs., 303, 304, 312

  creativity and, 67, 310

  data and, 301, 304–306, 310–15, 327, 328–29

  democracy and, 301-304, 310, 316

  email and, 86, 303, 304, 305, 312

  family and, 106

  library books, “mindspace,” and, 302, 303, 304, 310

  local, 312

  not thinking about, 310–12

  phones and, 303, 304, 306

  protecting, 303, 304

  self-surveillance and, 304–6

  surveillance and, 50, 86, 304, 3
05, 312–13, 315

  thought and, 301, 302–3, 309–10

  productivity, 24, 56, 228, 233, 244, 247, 250–51, 252–53, 258, 261, 264, 271, 276

  programmers, 67, 277–78

  Project Athena (MIT), 234–36

  projection, 80, 96–97, 343–44

  psychoanalytic culture, 79, 80, 89, 96–99

  psychotherapy, 79. 80, 89, 91, 96–99, 347–48

  crowdsourced, 347–48, 351

  public square, 15, 293–316, 332–33

  catastrophe culture and, 299–301

  and friendship model for politics, 296–98

  privacy and see privacy

  suveillance and self-surveillance, 304–309

  punctuation, and meaning in online exchanges, 132–34, 181, 189–190, 200

  “Quantified Breakup, The,” 92

  quantified (algorithmic) self, 81, 89-96, 99, 317

  quiet moments, silence, 23, 26, 38, 75, 153, 218, 323

  lulls in conversation, 23, 26, 39, 150, 151, 153, 322

  Radesky, Jenny, 107–8

  reading, 110–11, 219, 221

  deep, 69, 111, 221

  privacy and, 302, 303, 304

  real time, versus the delays of the edited life, 22, 35, 129, 143, 148, 149, 198, 199, 201, 206, 207, 240–41

  Republic (Plato), 220

  Richards, Neil, 309

  Riesman, David, 8, 145–46

  Rilke, Rainer Maria, 66

  risk, 7, 27, 36–37, 128, 140,187, 194, 240, 297–-98, 310, 347, 350, 351, 352, 362

  “risky talk,” 37

  robots, 337–62

  elderly and, 349-350, 358–60

  faces and voices for, 341–342

  jobs, formerly human, and, 349–50, 351, 356, 359–60

  Kismet, 341, 342–44

  My Real Baby, 349

  Nurturance as a “killer app,” 352

  pets, 352, 356–57

  sociable, 51–52, 337, 338–44, 346–47, 348, 349–52, 356, 357–360

  see also artificial intelligence; machines

  Rock, Chris, 198

  romance, 177–207

  archive of, 198, 199–200, 205–207

  arguing online in, 194–96

  arguments about competing with phones in, 194–96

  projecting nonchalance, 188–89

  breakups and, 25, 196–97

  choice and, 182, 183–86

  and friends’ collaboration on texts, 189

  “editing” the self for, 199–200, 201–-202

  Facebook and, 186–87, 141–142

  flirtation in, 178, 179, 182, 186-189, 190

  “friction-free” social engagement through apps 179–81

  Gchat and, 193, 195, 202, 203–5

  information and, 192, 193, 203

  Goldilocks fallacy and, 202

  maximizing and, 182,183

  NOTHING gambit in, 177–79

  phones and messages, 188-89, 192–92

 

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