interaction design. See also harmonious
indexed retrieval, 325–326, 332
interaction, designing; principles of
industrial design, 290
interaction design
industrial design framework, 126, 139–140
description of, 13
inferring goals from qualitative data,
effectiveness and, 16–17
88–89
narratives and, 110–111
inflecting interface to match user needs,
practice of, 565–567
245–247
interaction design pattern, 22
information
interaction framework
contextualizing, 210–213
defining, 127–136
deduced, remembering, 265
description of, 22
navigation of, 236–237
form factor, posture, and input methods,
offering potentially useful, 252–253
defining, 127–128
in world and in head, 553
functional and data elements, defining,
Information Architecture (Rosenfeld and
128–130
Morville), 175
functional groups and hierarchy, deter-
information-age represented model, 36
mining, 130–131
informational Web site, 175–176
key path scenario, constructing, 133–135
inheritance, 308
sketching, 131–133
validation scenario, checking designs
with, 135–136
36_084113 bindex.qxp 4/3/07 6:16 PM Page 595
Index
595
interaction framework definition, 22
J
interactivity, 11
Jobs, Steve (chairman of Apple
interface. See also user interface; visual
Computer), 424
interface design
The Joy of Cooking (Rombaur and Becker),
audible, designing for, 199
560
automotive, designing for, 197–198
Lotus 1-2-3, 476–477
K
metaphoric, 271–273
Keeley, Larry (designer), 11
posture of, 162–163
key path, 23
pretending it’s magic, 121–122
key path scenario, 113, 133–135
primary persona and, 104
key path variant scenario, 135
television-based, designing for, 195–197
keyboard shortcut, 490–491
visualizing, 131–133
kiosk
interface-level principle, 150, 151
designing for, 191–195
intermediate user
environmental context and, 185
commensurate effort and, 245–246
text input and, 188
description of, 42–44
Klein, Gary ( Sources of Power), 89
graduating from beginner to, 553–555
Korman, Jonathan (designer), 151
metaphors and, 272
Krug, Steve ( Don’t Make Me Think! ), 175
needs of, 47–48
Kuniavsky, Mike ( Observing the User
sovereign posture and, 165
Experience), 69, 71
toolbars and, 240
usability testing and, 71
L
Internet-enabled application, 181
labeling butcon, 496
interview. See also ethnographic interview
language, visual, 302, 311
of customers, 55
last in, first out (LIFO), 340, 341
of stakeholders, 52–54
latching butcon, 444–445
of subject matter experts, 54–55
latency, accommodating, 220–221
of users and potential users, 56
Laurel, Brenda
interview subject, mapping to behavioral
Computers as Theater, 110
variables, 99
on context, 16
intranet, 181–182
on metaphors, 279
intuition, 271–272, 273
leading question, 68
iPod (Apple), 91, 206
learning
iPod Shuffle (Apple), 205–206
idiomatic interface and, 274, 275
irreversible action, hiding commands for,
instinct, intuition, and, 273
220
master-apprentice model of, 58
36_084113 bindex.qxp 4/3/07 6:16 PM Page 596
596
Index
left mouse button, 380
Macromedia Fireworks, tool palette, 301
less, as more, 204–206
Magic Cap (General Magic), 276–277, 562
lever, 472
Making Use (Carroll), 111–112
leverage, 309
manifest model
library card catalog, 325–326
implementation model and, 248
LibraryThing, 329–330
of Undo facility, 341, 343
Lidwell, William ( Universal Principles
manual affordance, 283–285
of Design), 307
manufacturing, evolution of design in,
life goal, 93–94, 101
11–12
LIFO (last in, first out), 340, 341
mapping
link, 442–443
control to function, 242–245
linking, 236, 237
interview subject to behavioral
list controls
variables, 99
dragging and dropping from lists,
market demographics, 69–70
452–453
market segment, 86, 87
earmarking, 450–452
market segmentation, 17, 69–70
entering data into lists, 455
marquee, 397
horizontal scrolling, 454–455
master-apprentice model of learning, 58
ordering lists, 453–454
mathematical thinking and
overview of, 449–450
implementation model, 34–35
Lister, Timothy ( Peopleware: Productive
maximizing
Projects and Teams), 201
document view, 168
literature review, 57
sovereign program, 164, 166
localization, 558–559
windows, 436
location
MDI (multiple document interface),
of ethnographic interview, 65
437–438
of kiosks, 193
mechanical-age represented model, 35–40
logical mapping, 243, 244–245
The Media Equation (Nass and Reeves),
logical path, creating, 299–300
218, 249, 250
logical zoom, 237
Meier, Sid, Civilization, game of, 545
Logitech Harmony remote control, 197
memorization vector, 554–555
Lotus 1-2-3 interface, 476–477
memory. See also remembering
for actions, 265–266
M
applying to applications, 266–268
Mac OS X (Apple)
considerate product and, 252
Automator, 398
disks compared to, 364
icons, 304
smart products and, 261–263
Spotlight search capability, 261, 328–329
transient application, 172
Macintosh (Apple), 279–280, 424
memory work, minimizing, 151
MacPaint (Apple), 396–397, 425
36_084113 bindex.qxp 4/3/07 6:16 PM Page 597
Index
597
mental model
metaphor in user interface
audible interfaces and, 199
excise and, 226
beginners and, 46
finding good, 276
description of, 28–29
global, 276–279
file system and, 356–357
limitations of, 272
harmonious interaction and, 203–204
problems with, 37, 269–270
implementation model compared to, 29,
storage system, 247
355–356
visual, 425
of mistakes, 336
metaphoric interface, 271–273
persona expectations and, 118–119
method acting, 81–82
represented model and, 30–32
methods of ethnographic interviewing,
storage systems and, 247–248
65–68
user interface and, 31
Microsoft. See also Microsoft Outlook;
menu bar, 478
Microsoft PowerPoint; Microsoft Word;
menu mode, 408–409
Windows (Microsoft)
menus
Clippy, 252–253, 562
beginners and, 46
cursor hinting, 400
clicking and dragging, 408–409
Excel, 234, 389
drop-down and pop-up, 478
Explorer, process dialog box, 520
Edit, 482–483
Internet Explorer, 521
File, 357, 362–363, 481, 482, 483
MDI and SDI, 437–438
Format, 484–485
tiled windows, 427
Help, 481, 483–484, 554
Visio, 133
history of, 473–478
Microsoft Outlook
idioms, 485–492
error message dialog box, 229–230
Insert, 484
as multipaned application, 429
navigation and, 235–236, 240
as sovereign posture, 164
optional, 483–485
structural pattern of, 158
on other platforms, 492
Microsoft PowerPoint
pedagogic vector and, 479–481
adaptive menu, 487
sequential hierarchical, 474–476
creating new presentation in, 215
standard, 481–484
freeform objects, 415
toolbars and, 494–495, 499–500
handles, 414
Tools, 485
interface structure of, 320
View, 484
ribbon, 488
visible hierarchical, 476–477
sketches and, 133
Windows, 483
Microsoft Word
meta-key, 381–382
annotated scrollbar, 242
as assuming technology literacy, 7
36_084113 bindex.qxp 4/3/07 6:16 PM Page 598
598
Index
Microsoft Word (continued)
model. See also persona; specific models
auditing and, 372–373
description of, 75
AutoCorrect feature, 373
market segment, 86, 87
AutoFormat feature, 373
purpose of, 76
Bullets and Numbering dialog box, 301
user profile, 85–86
creating blank document in, 215
user role, 84–85
as exhibiting poor behavior, 8
modeless dialog box
File menu, 483
description of, 509–510
Find dialog box, 526–527
problems with, 510
Font dialog box, 517
solutions for, 510–516
group multiple Undo, 342–343
modeless feedback
modeless feedback in, 208
data entry and, 370
Options dialog box, 526
in Microsoft Word, 372–373
Print Preview view, 305
providing, 208–209, 255
print setup dialog box, 217
replacing dialog boxes with, 544–549
ribbon, 502
modeling phase of goal-directed design,
Save Changes dialog box, 350–351
21, 76
toolbars, 167–168, 217
mode/modal behavior, 186, 197
unnecessary dialog box in, 210
modular layout grid, 299
Word Count toolbar, 208–209
monocline grouping, 247, 248
middle mouse button, 381
Morville, Peter
milestoning, 347
findability and, 174
minimal working set, 552
Information Architecture, 175
minimalist approach to product design,
motivation, 83–84, 94
204–206
Motorola Razr phone, 205
minimizing
mouse
harm, 152–153
buttons on, 380
input complexity, 188
desensitizing, 407–408
windows, 436
pointing and clicking with, 382–385
work with behavioral and interface-level
using, 378–380
principles, 151
mouseover facility, 497
missing data, 369–371, 532–533
mouse-up and mouse-down events,
mistakes. See also error message
385–386
in data entry, 371–374
movable toolbar, 500–501
mental models of, 336
moving file, 360
users and, 335–336
Mullet, Kevin ( Designing Visual Interfaces),
mnemonic, 491–492, 555
205, 288
modal dialog box, 509
multipaned application, 428–430
modal tool, 409–410
multiple command vectors, 551–552
mode, avoiding, 425–426
36_084113 bindex.qxp 4/3/07 6:16 PM Page 599
Index
599
multiple document interface (MDI),
reducing number of places to go, 238
437–438
signposts, providing, 238–240
multiple Undo
navigational trauma, 233
description of, 339
necessary use scenario, 135
limitations of, 340
need, requirement compared to, 114
model problems of, 341
negative feedback, 536, 547–548
multiple viewpoints, 416
negative persona, 106
multisession undo, 265–266
Nelson, Ted, on idiomatic design, 273
mutual exclusion, 393, 446
Nielsen, Jakob
on standards, 317, 318
N
Usability Engineering, 71, 144
naming file, 353, 359
useit.com Web site, 175
Nardi, Bonnie (designer), 15
nonuser, persona as representing, 84
narrative
Norman, Donald
persona descriptions and, 102–103
Activity-Centered Design and, 15
scenarios and, 110–111
ad hoc personas and, 86
Nass, Clifford ( The Media Equation), 218,
The Design of Everyday Things, 282, 283,
249, 250
553
Native Instruments, Reaktor, 461
designer’s model and, 29
natural language output, 333–334
Emotional Design, 89, 90, 91, 92
navigation. See also navigation, improving
on errors in product design, 529
among multiple screens, views, or pages,
on natural mapping, 243
233
on pile cabinet, 248
audible interfaces and, 199
system model and, 28
display density and, 187–188
as excise, 232–237
O
&nbs
p; of information, 236–237
object
integration of functionality and, 189
associating visual symbol to, 303
mouse, keyboard, and, 380
persistent, 219, 239–240
between panes, 233–235
requirements and, 122
television-based interfaces, 196
rotation of, 420
between tools and menus, 235–236
object connection, 420–421
navigation, improving
object hinting, 387–388
hierarchies, avoiding, 247–248
object manipulation
inflecting interface to match user needs,
repositioning, 411–413
245–247
resizing and reshaping, 413–415
mapping controls to function, 242–245
3D, 415–420
overview of, 237
object status, reflecting, 213–214
overviews, providing, 241–242
object-verb ordering, 390–392
36_084113 bindex.qxp 4/3/07 6:16 PM Page 600
600
Index
observation, of user, 56–57
Palo Alto Research Center (PARC), 279,
Observing the User Experience (Kuniavsky),
423–427
69, 71
panes, 233–235, 238
OmniGraffle, 133, 413
panning, 237
online help. See also Help menu
Papanek, Victor (industrial designer), 4
beginners and, 46
Paper Prototyping (Snyder), 126, 144–145
index to, 560
paradigms in design of user interface
“intelligent” agents, 562–563
idiomatic, 273–276
intermediates and, 47
implementation-centric, 270–271
modeless and interactive, 561
metaphoric, 271–273
options for, 561
PARC (Palo Alto Research Center), 279,
wizards, 561–562
423–427
onscreen controls, 312
partner requirement, 123
operation of handheld device, 189–190
passive validation, 465
Options dialog box (Microsoft Word), 526
past data entry, remembering, 266
orbit, 419
pattern. See also behavior pattern
orchestration, 202–203
interaction, 130
ordering list, 453–454
remembering, 264
organizational goals, 95
pattern language, 157
Organize tool (Flickr), 180
A Pattern Language (Alexander), 156
org-chart centric interface, 271
pattern library or catalog, 157
orientation and visual interface design, 292
patterns of interaction design
ornamentation, excessive, 227
architectural patterns compared to, 156
out-of-sequence input, 532
description of, 149, 156
output, using text edit controls for, 468
recording and using, 157
overlapping
types of, 158–159
toolbars, 501
pedagogic vector
windows, 426–427
description of, 552
overtype mode, 467
dialog boxes and, 507
overview, providing, 241–242
Alan Cooper, Robert Reinmann, David Cronin - About Face 3- The Essentials of Interaction Design (pdf) Page 78
