Alan Cooper, Robert Reinmann, David Cronin - About Face 3- The Essentials of Interaction Design (pdf)
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menus and, 479–481
overview option for online help, 561
Peopleware: Productive Projects and Teams
(DeMarco and Lister), 201
P
perception of user
PACSs (picture archiving and
of response time, 221
communication systems), 181
by stakeholders, 54
pages, navigation among, 233
perceptiveness of considerate product,
Paint Bucket tool (Adobe Photoshop), 236
255–256
palette, floating, 513
permission, making user ask, 230–231
palette tools, 409–411
perpetual intermediate, 43. See also
Palm Treo smartphone, 7, 186–187, 188
intermediate user
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601
persistent object, 219, 239–240
picture archiving and communication
persona. See also constructing persona
systems (PACSs), 181
advantages of, 77–78
pigment application, undoing, 345
as based on research, 80–81
placing file in directory, 353, 360
business or social relationships of, 101
planning for ethnographic interview, 63
customer, 105
platform
description of, 75–76
decisions about, 163
edge case and, 80
description of, 161
elastic user and, 79–80
menus and, 492
in goal-directed design, 20–22
posture and, 162
market segments and, 86, 87
pliant response hinting, 385, 386–387
motivations and, 83–84
pluralized window, 190, 436–437
negative, 106
pointing
primary, 104–105
with cursor, 386–390
provisional, 86–88
with mouse, 382–383
ranges of behavior and, 83
pointing device, 377–378. See also cursor;
as representing groups, 82
mouse
as representing individuals, 81–82
pole, 416–417
as representing nonusers, 84
polyline, 414–415
reusing, 82
pop-up menu, 478
secondary, 105
pop-up window, 190
self-referential design and, 80
position and visual interface design, 293
served, 106
positional retrieval, 327
stereotype compared to, 82–83
positive feedback, 536, 548–549
strengths of, 78–79
possible, segregating probable from,
supplemental, 105
209–210, 351
user profile compared to, 85–86
postural pattern, 158
user role compared to, 85
posture
using in scenarios, 112
daemonic, 172–173
working sets and, 552–553
defining, 127
persona description, 102–103
description of, 161–162
persona hypothesis, 60
desktop applications and, 163–164
personalization, 555–557
for handheld devices, 190–191
personification, 81
for informational Web sites, 175–176
photograph of persona, 103
for kiosks, 194–195
photographic icon, 304
platform and, 162
physical mapping, 243, 244
sovereign, 164–168
physical model, 107
for transactional Web sites, 177–178
physical work, minimizing, 151
transient, 169–172
picking problem, 419
for Web applications, 179–181
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Index
practice of interaction design, 565–567
programmer
pragmatic interaction design, 154
alert dialog boxes and, 540
predicting what user will do, 261–263, 268
buck-passing code and, 542
preference threshold, 268
collaboration with, 566
pretending
progress meter, 519
interface is magic, 121–122
property dialog box, 516–517, 523
system is human, 129–130
prototype, developing, 140, 142
primary persona, 104–105
provisional persona, 86–88
primitive, 280–281
Pruitt, John (author), 81–82
principles, interaction, 130
pure excise, 226
principles of interaction design
purposeful interaction design, 153
behavioral and interface-level, 151
by chapter, 569–574
Q
description of, 149, 150
qualitative data, inferring goals from,
for embedded systems, 182–188
88–89
levels of detail and, 150
qualitative research. See also ethnographic
print dialog box, 216
interview
Print Preview view (Microsoft Word), 305
customer interview, 55
probable, segregating possible from,
literature review, 57
209–210, 351
market research and, 70
problem statement, creating, 116–117
product and competitive audits, 57
procedural action, 338
quantitative research compared to, 50
process dialog box, 518–521
stakeholder interviews, 52–54
product. See also considerate product; digi-
subject matter expert interviews, 54–55
tal product; smart product
types of, 52–57
conflating what and how questions
user interview, 56
about, 114–115
user observation, 56–57
designing, 77
value of, 50–52, 68–69
posture of, 162–163
quantifiable data, showing, 317
successful, 96–97
quantitative information, contextualizing,
thinking of as computer, 183
210–213
viability of, 70
quantitative market research, 17
product audit, 57
quantitative research, 50
product definition, 18
querying database, 334
product vision, 53
questions
productivity. See also efficiency
avoiding, 217–219, 256
data entry and, 370
conflating what and how, 114–115
flow and, 201–202
for ethnographic interview, 65–66, 68
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R
problem and vision statements, creating,
radio butcon, 446–447
116–117
radio button, 446–447
requirements, identifying, 122–123
ranges of user behavior, 83
steps of, 116
ratios for grid system, 298
research. See also qualitative research;
Razr phone (Motorola), 205
research methodology
reading text, 310
personas and, 80–81
Reaktor (Native Instruments), 461
quantitative, 50
record in database, 331
translatin
g into design, 19
Recycle Bin, 541, 544
user, 17, 18, 143
Redo function, 341–342
research methodology
Reeves, Byron ( The Media Equation), 218,
card sorting, 72
249, 250
focus group, 69
refinement phase of goal-directed design,
market demographics and market
23, 141–142
segments, 69–70
reflective level of processing, 89, 91
task analysis, 72–73
Reimann, Robert (designer), 97, 115, 151
usability testing, 70–71
remembering
research phase of goal-directed design,
choice, 263–264
20–21
deduced information, 265
research-design gap, bridging
foreign application activity, 266
activities for, 109
pattern, 264
overview of, 18–19
remote control, 196, 197
requirements, 114–115
renaming file, 354, 359
requirements definition, 115–123
replacement action, 395
scenarios, 110–113
reporting, avoiding unnecessary, 214–215
researcher, designer as, 18–19
repositioning object, 411–413
resizing or reshaping object, 413–415
represented model
resolution of display surface, 313
description of, 29–32
response time, perception of, 221
mechanical-age, 35–40
responsiveness, optimizing for, 220–221
persona expectations and, 118–119
restored window, 436
requirements definition phase of goal-
retrieval system, 324
directed design
reusing persona, 82
brainstorming, 117–118
reversible, making all actions, 543
context scenario, constructing, 119–122
reversing changes in document, 361
description of, 21–22, 114–115
Revert command, 347
persona expectations, identifying,
revision, 126
118–119
Rheinfrank, John (author), 110
personas, scenarios, and, 115
ribbon, 487–488, 502
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rich input and sovereign interface,
scope, limiting, of embedded system, 186
167–168
screen archetype, applying chosen visual
rich visual modeless feedback, 545–547
style to, 139
right mouse button, 381
screen real estate, 165–166
RIM, BlackBerry, 188
screen rendering, 142
risk exposure, degree of, 247
screens, navigation among, 233
role, in business and consumer domains, 61
scroll wheel, 381
rollover facility, 497
scrollbar, 379, 383, 469–471
Rombaur, Irma ( The Joy of Cooking), 560
scrolling
Rosenfeld, Louis ( Information Architec-
auto-scrolling, 402–404
ture), 175
fine scrolling, 406–408
rotation, 420
horizontal, 454–455
rough prototype, developing, 140
minimizing, 236, 238
rubber-banding, 420
SDI (single document interface), 437–438
Rubenking, Neil, on Undo function, 341
secondary persona, 105
rules, bending, 257–259
selection. See also selection controls
command ordering and, 390–392
S
discrete and contiguous, 392–394
Sano, Darrell ( Designing Visual Interfaces),
insertion and replacement, 395–396
205, 288
visual indication of, 396–397
sans-serif typeface, 310, 313
selection controls
SAP R3 ERP system, 438
check boxes, 443–445, 451
satellite device, 190
combo boxes, 455–456
saturated color, 311
combutcons, 447–448
Save As dialog box, 353–355
description of, 439, 443
Save Changes dialog box (Microsoft
dragging and dropping from lists,
Word), 350–351
452–453
saving
earmarking, 450–452
automatically, 358–359
entering data into lists, 455
changes to file, 350–351
flip-flop buttons, 445
documents, and Undo feature, 337–338
horizontal scrolling, 454–455
scenario
list controls, 449–450
description of, 110–111
ordering lists, 453–454
in design, 111–112
radio buttons, 446–447
types of, 112–113
tree type, 457
use cases compared to, 113
self-confidence of considerate product, 256
using personas in, 112
self-referential design, 80
scheduling ethnographic interview, 64
The Semiology of Graphics (Bertin), 291
Schön, Donald (designer), 52
sentient, reaction to software as, 249
sequence model, 106–107
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sequential hierarchical menu, 474–476
SME (subject matter expert) interview,
serif typeface, 310, 313
54–55
served persona, 84, 106
Smith, Gillian Crampton (designer), 20
Settings menu, 484
Snyder, Carolyn ( Paper Prototyping), 126,
shadow, 416–417
144–145
shape
soft-keyboard input, 194
modal tool and, 409
software
visual interface design and, 291
desktop, designing, 163–168
Shneiderman, Ben (designer), 375
experience levels and, 44–45
Shortcuts feature, 554
implementation model and, 32–35
shortcuts option for online help, 561
integrating design of with hardware
show and tell in ethnographic interview,
design, 183–184
67–68
interacting with, 202
showing
mechanical-age represented model and,
causality, 314
36–37
change over time, 316
navigation through, levels of, 232
design to stakeholder, 138
reaction to as sentient, 249
multiple variables, 314–315
transparency of, 202–203
quantifiable data, 317
as treating people like machines, 530
sidebar, 514–516
software development process,
signpost, providing, 238–240
evolution of, 6
simplicity
Software for Use (Constantine), 43
of transient application, 170–172
Sources of Power (Klein), 89
of visual interface design, 308–309
sovereign posture
single document interface (SDI), 437–438
description of, 164–165
single Undo, 339, 340
document-centric applications and, 168
size
excise and, 226–227
of design team,
59
handheld devices and, 191
of object, 413–415
informational Web sites and, 176
of type, 310
input and, 167–168
visual interface design and, 291
intermediate users and, 165
sketching interaction framework, 131–133
kiosks and, 194–195
slider, 460–461
maximized state and, 437
smart desktop phone, 184
screen real estate and, 165–166
Smart Guides (OmniGraffle), 413
symmetry and, 300–301
smart product
visual feedback and, 166–167
idle cycle, putting to work, 260–261
visual style and, 166
memory and, 261–263, 265–268
Web applications and, 179–180
task coherence and, 263–264
spatial grouping, 295
spatial zoom, 237
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spinner, 459–460
submit button, 252
splitter
summative evaluation, 144
adjacent panes and, 233, 234, 428
supplemental persona, 105
movable, 471–472
suspense, state of, 258
Spotlight search capability (Mac OS X),
symbol, associating to object, 303
261, 328–329
symmetry and visual balance, 300–301
squint test, 296
system modal dialog box, 509
St. Exupéry, Antoine de (author), 154, 309
system-oriented questions for ethno-
stacked tabs, 525
graphic interview, 66
staked panes, 430
stakeholder, 63, 64, 138
T
stakeholder interview, 52–54
tabbed dialog box, 523–526
standalone device, 190
tabbed pane, 233–235, 430
standard menus, 481–484
Tabor, Philip (designer), 20
standards
tag, 329
across applications, 319–320
task, user goal compared to, 14–16
benefits of, 317
task analysis, 72–73
as guidelines or rules of thumb, 318–319
task coherence, 263–264, 268
risks of, 318
task pane, 514–515
violating, 319
taskbar (Windows XP), 173
state-indicating toolbar control, 499
team
static object hinting, 387
collaboration with, 567
status, communicating, 213–214, 363
design, size of, 59
status area (Windows XP), 173
for ethnographic interview, 64, 68
stereotype, 82–83
technical expertise, 62
stopping proceedings with idiocy,
technical goals, 96
228–231, 530
technical requirement, 123
storage
television-based interface, designing for,
in digital world, 326–330
195–197
of electronic mail, 331–333
template, 559–560
by location, 324–325
terminating command, 508, 511
storage system, 247–248, 324
Tesler, Larry (researcher), 425