Book Read Free

The Persian Empire

Page 111

by Kia, Mehrdad;


  Sack, Ronald H. Cuneiform Documents from the Chaldean and Persian Periods. London and Toronto: Associated University Press, 1994.

  Sami, Ali. Persepolis (Takht-i Jamshid). Translated by the Reverend R. Sharp and M. A. Cantab. Shiraz: Musavi Printing Office, 1977.

  Samiei, Sasan. Ancient Persia in Western History: Hellenism and the Representation of the Achaemenid Empire. London: I. B. Tauris, 2014.

  Sancisi-Weerdenburg, Helleen, and J. W. Drijvers, eds. Achaemenid History V: The Roots of the European Tradition Proceedings of the 1987 Groningen Achaemenid History Workshop. Leiden: Nederlands Instituut Voor Het Nabije Oosten, 1990.

  Sancisi-Weerdenburg, Helleen, and Jan Willem Drijvers, eds. Achaemenid History VII: Through Travellers’ Eyes; European Travellers on the Iranian Monuments. Leiden: Nederlands Instituut Voor Het Nabije Oosten, 1994.

  Sancisi-Weerdenburg, Helleen, and Amélie Kuhrt, eds. Achaemenid History, Vols. 1–8. Leiden: Brill, 1987–1994.

  Sancisi-Weerdenburg, Helleen, and Amélie Kuhrt, eds. Achaemenid History IV: Centre and Periphery Proceedings of the Groningen 1986 Achaemenid History Workshop. Leiden: Nederlands Instituut Voor Het Nabije Oosten, 1990.

  Sancisi-Weerdenburg, Helleen, and Amélie Kuhrt, eds. Achaemenid History VI: Asia Minor and Egypt; Old Cultures in a New Empire: Proceedings of the Last Achaemenid History Workshop. Leiden: Nederlands Instituut Voor Het Nabije Oosten, 1991.

  Sancisi-Weerdenburg, Helleen, Amélie Kuhrt, and Margaret Cool Root, eds. Achaemenid History VIII: Proceedings of the Last Achaemenid History Workshop. Leiden: Nederlands Instituut Voor Het Nabije Oosten, 1991.

  Sarianidi, Victor. The Golden Hoard of Bactria. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1985.

  Sarkhosh Curtis, Vesta, and Sarah Stewart. The Age of the Parthians. London: I. B. Tauris, 2007.

  Sauer, Eberhard W., Hamid Omrani Rekavandi, Tony J. Wilkinson, and Jebrael Nokandeh. Persia’s Imperial Power in Late Antiquity: The Great Wall of Gorgan and the Frontier Landscapes of Sasanian Iran. British Institute of Persian Studies Archeological Monograph Series, Book 2. London: Oxbow Books, 2013.

  Schippmann, K. “Arsacids II: The Arsacid Dynasty.” Encyclopaedia Iranica, 1986, http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/arsacids-index#pt2.

  Schippmann, K. “Artabanus (Arsacid Kings).” Encyclopaedia Iranica, 1986, http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/artabanus-parth.

  Schippmann, K. “Balāš.” Encyclopaedia Iranica, 1986, http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/balas-proper-name.

  Schmidt, E. F. Flights over Ancient Cities of Iran. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1940.

  Schmidt, E. F. Persepolis: Content of the Treasury and Other Discoveries, Vol. 2. Chicago: Oriental Institute Publications, 1957.

  Schmidt, E. F. Persepolis II: Content of the Treasury and Other Discoveries. Chicago: Oriental Institute Publications, 2010.

  Schmidt, Erich F. Persepolis III. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1970.

  Schmidt, E. F. Persepolis III: The Royal Tombs and Other Monuments, Vol. 3. Chicago: Oriental Institute Publications, 2012.

  Schmidt, Hanns-Peter. “Mithra.” Encyclopaedia Iranica, 2006, http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/mithra-i.

  Schmidt, R. “Achaemenid Dynasty.” In Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. 1, 414–426. New York: Encyclopaedia Iranica Foundation, 1985.

  Schmidt, R. The Bisitun Inscription of Darius the Great: Old Persian Texts. London: School of Oriental and African Studies, 1991.

  Schmidt, R. “Drangiana.” Encyclopaedia Iranica, 1995, http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/drangiana.

  Schmitt, Ruediger. Corpus Inscriptionum Irancarum, Part I: Inscriptions of Ancient Iran, Vol. 1, The Old Persian Inscriptions Texts II: The Old Persian Inscriptions of Naqsh-i Rustam and Persepolis. London: School of Oriental and African Studies, 2000.

  Sekunda, N. Nicholas. The Persian Army, 560–330 BC. Oxford: Osprey, 1992.

  Sellwood, D. “Adiabene.” Encyclopedia Iranica, 1983, http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/adiabene.

  Sellwood, David. An Introduction to the Coinage of Parthia. London: Spink and Son, 1971.

  Shahbazi, A. Sh. “Bahrām (2).” Encyclopaedia Iranica, 1988, http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/bahram-the-name-of-six-sasanian-kings.

  Shahbazi, A. Sh. “Bahrām VI Čōbīn.” Encyclopaedia Iranica, 1988, http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/bahram-the-name-of-six-sasanian-kings#pt7.

  Shahbazi, A. Sh. “Darius I the Great.” In Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. 7, 41–50. New York: Encyclopaedia Iranica Foundation, 1996.

  Shahbazi, A. Sh. Kurosh-e Bozorg Zendegi va Jāhāndāri-ye Bonyādgozār-e Shāhanshāi-ye Irān [Cyrus the Great Founder of the Persian Empire]. Shirāz: Pahlavi University Publications, 1970.

  Shahbazi, A. Shapur. “Persepolis.” Encyclopaedia Iranica, 2009, http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/persepolis.

  Shahbazi, A. Shapur. “Sasanian Dynasty.” Encyclopaedia Iranica, 2005, http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/sasanian-dynasty.

  Shahbazi, A. Shapur, and Simone Cristoforetti. “Zāl.” Encyclopaedia Iranica, 2009, http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/zal.

  Shaked, Shaul. A Dictionary of Aramaic Ideograms in Pahlavi. New Haven: American Oriental Society, 2005.

  Shayegan, M. Rahim. Arsacids and Sasanians: Political Ideology in Post-Hellenistic and Late Antique Persia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011.

  Shayegan, M. Rahim. Aspects of History and Epic in Ancient Iran: From Gaumta to Wahnam. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2012.

  Sheldon, Rose Mary. Rome’s Wars in Parthia: Blood in the Sand. Middlesex: Vallentine Mitchell, 2010.

  Sherwin-White, Susan M., and Amélie Kuhrt. From Samarkand to Sardis: A New Approach to the Seleucid Empire. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993.

  Shishkina, G. V. “Ancient Samarkand: Capital of Soghd.” Bulletin of the Asia Institute 8 (1994 [1996]): 81–99.

  Sima Qian. Records of the Grand Historian Han Dynasty II. Translated by Burton Watson. Hong Kong and New York: Columbia University Press, 1993.

  Sims, Eleanor, Boris Marshak, and Ernst Grube. Peerless Images: Persian Painting and Its Sources. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2002.

  Sims-Williams, Nicholas. Corpus Inscriptionum Iranicarum, Part II: Inscriptions of the Seleucid and Parthian Periods and of Eastern Iran and Central Asia Sogdian and Other Iranian Inscriptions of the Upper Indus. London: School of Oriental and African Studies, 1992.

  Sinor, Denis. “The Establishment and Dissolution of the Turk Empire.” In The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia, edited by Denis Sinor, 285–316. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990.

  Sinor, Denis, ed. The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990.

  Skjærvø, Prods Oktor. “Kartir.” Encyclopaedia Iranica, 2011, http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/kartir.

  Skjærvø, Prods Oktor. “Kayāniān VII: Kauui Haosrauuah, Kay Husrōy, Kay Kosrow.” Encyclopaedia Iranica, 2013, http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/kayanian-vii.

  Smith, Sidney, trans. Babylonian Historical Texts Relating to the Capture and Downfall of Babylon. Hildesheim: Georg Olms Verlag, 1975.

  Starr, S. Frederick. Lost Enlightenment: Central Asia’s Golden Age from the Arab Conquest to Tamerlane. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2013.

  Steadman, Sharon R., and Gregory McMahon. The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Anatolia. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011.

  Stein, Aurel. “An Archeological Journey in Western Iran.” Geographical Journal 92.4 (1958): 313–342.

  Stein, Aurel. Old Routes of Western Iran. London: Macmillan, 1940.

  Stolper, M. W. Entrepreneurs and Empire: The Murašû Archive, the Murašû Firm, and Persian Rule in Babylonia. Leiden: Brill, 1985.

  Strabo. The Geography of Strabo. Translated by Horace Leonard Jones. London: William Heinemann, 1930.

  Strathan, Paul. Exploration by Land: The Silk and Spice Routes. New York: UNESCO Publishing, 1994.

  Stronach, David. P
asargadae: A Report on the Excavations Conducted by the British Institute of Persian Studies from 1961 to 1963. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1978.

  Stronach, David. “Tepe Nūsh Jān: The Median Settlement.” In The Cambridge History of Iran, Vol. 2, edited by Ilya Gershevitch, 832–838. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985.

  Stronach, David, and Ali Mousavi, eds. Ancient Iran from the Air. Darmstadt/Mainz: Verlag Phillip von Zabern, 2012.

  Stronk, Jan P. Ctesias’ Persian History, Part I: Introduction, Text, and Translation. Düsseldorf: Wellem Verlag, 2010.

  Sumner, William M. Early Urban Life in the Land of Anshan: Excavations at Tal-e Malyan in the Highlands of Iran. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archeology and Anthropology, 2003.

  Sundermann, Werner, Almut Hintze, and François de Blois. Exegisti mounumenta Festschrift in Honour of Nicholas Sims-Williams. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2009.

  Sundermann, Werner. “Mani.” Encyclopaedia Iranica, 2009, http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/mani-founder-manicheism.

  Sunjana, Peshotun Dustoor Behramjee. The Dinkard. 1876; reprint, n.p.: CreateSpace, 2013.

  Sykes, Percy. A History of Persia, Vol. 1. London: Macmillan, 1951.

  Tabari. The History of al-Tabari (Tarikh al-rusul wa’l-muluk). Translated and edited by C. E. Bosworth. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1999.

  Tabari. Tarikh-e Tabari. Translated from Arabic into Persian by Abol Qassem Payandeh. Tehran: Asatair Publications, 1984.

  Tacitus. The Annals of Imperial Rome. Translated by Alfred John Church and William Jackson Brodribb. New York: Barnes and Noble, 2007.

  Tadmor, Hayim. The Inscriptions of Tiglath-Pileser III King of Assyria. Jerusalem: Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, 1994.

  Tadmor, Hayim, and Shigeo Yamada. The Royal Inscriptions of Tiglath-Pileser III (744–727 BC), and Shalmaneser V (726–722 BC), Kings of Assyria. Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns, 2011.

  Tafazzoli, Ahmad. Sasanian Society. New York: Bibliotheca Persica Press, 2000.

  Tarn, W. W. The Greeks in Bactria and India. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1951.

  Theophanes. The Chronicle of Theophanes Confessor: Byzantine and Near Eastern History, AD 284–813. Edited by Cyril Mango and Roger Scott. Oxford: Clarendon, 1997.

  Theophylact Simocatta. The History of Theophylact Simocatta. Translated by Michael and Mary Whitby. Oxford: Clarendon, 1986.

  Thucydides. The History of the Peloponnesian War. Translated by Richard Crawley. New York: Barnes and Noble Books, 2006.

  Tuplin, Christopher. Achaemenid Studies. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1996.

  Ulansey, David. The Origins of the Mithraic Mysteries Cosmology and Salvation in the Ancient World. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989.

  Unknown. Tarikh-e Sistan. Edited by Malek ul-Shoara Bahar. Tehran: Zavvar Bookstore, 1938.

  Vickers, Michael. Scythian and Thracian Antiquities. Oxford: Ashmolean Museum, 2002.

  Von Gall, Hubertus. “Naqš-e rostam.” Encyclopaedia Iranica, 2009, http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/naqs-e-rostam.

  Waters, Matt. Ancient Persia: A Concise History of the Achaemenid Empire, 550–330 BCE. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014.

  West, M. L. The Hymns of Zoroaster. London: I. B. Tauris, 2010.

  Whitby, Michael. The Emperor Maurice and His Historian: Theophylact Simocatta on Persian and Balkan Warfare. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1988.

  Widengren, G. “Manichaeism and Its Iranian Background.” In The Cambridge History of Iran, Vol. 3(II), edited by Ehsan Yarshater, 965–990. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983.

  Widengren, G. “The Persians.” In Peoples of Old Testament Times, edited by D. J. Wiseman, 312–357. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1973.

  Wiesehöfer J. “Ardašir I.” Encyclopaedia Iranica, 1986, http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ardasir-i.

  Wiesehöfer, Josef. Ancient Persia. Translated by Azizeh Azodi. London: I. B. Tauris, 2001.

  Wilber, Donald. Persepolis: The Archeology of Parsa, Seat of the Persian Kings. Princeton: Darwin Press, 1989.

  Wilcox, Peter, and Angus McBride. Rome’s Enemies, Vol. 3, Parthians and Sassanid Persians. London: Osprey, 1986.

  Willard, Pat. Saffron: The Vagabond Life of the World’s Most Seductive Spice. Boston: Beacon, 2002.

  Wilson, Kax. A History of Textiles. Boulder: Westview, 1979.

  Wolski, J. “The Decay of the Iranian Empire of the Seleucids and the Chronology of the Parthian Beginnings.” Berytus 12 (1956–1958): 35–52.

  Wood, Frances. The Silk Road: Two Thousand Years in the Heart of Asia. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2002.

  Woodthorpe, William. The Greeks in Bactria and India. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.

  Wright, Henry T., and James A. Neely. Elamite and Achaemenid Settlement on the Deh Luran Plain: Towns and Villages of the Early Empires in Southwestern Iran. Memoirs of the Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Museum, 2010.

  Xenophon. The Education of Cyrus. Translated by Wayne Ambler. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2001.

  Xenophon. Hellenika. Translated by John Marincola. New York: Anchor Books, 2010.

  Xenophon. A History of My Times. Translated by Rex Warner. New York: Penguin, 1996.

  Xenophon. Oeconomicus. Translated by Sarah B. Pomeroy. Oxford: Clarendon, 1995.

  Xenophon. The Persian Expedition. Translated by Rex Warner. London: Penguin, 1972.

  Yamada, Shigeo. The Construction of the Assyrian Empire: A Historical Study of the Inscriptions of Shalmanesar III (859–824 B.C.) Relating to His Campaigns to the West. Leiden: Brill, 2000.

  Yamauchi, Edwin M. Persia and the Bible. Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 1990.

  Yarshater, Ehsan. “Mazdakism.” In The Cambridge History of Iran, Vol. 3(II), edited by Ehsan Yarshater, 991–1026. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983.

  Yarshater, Ehsan, ed. The Cambridge History of Iran, Vol. 3(II), The Seleucid, Parthian and Sasanid Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983.

  Young, T. Cuyler. Excavations at Godin Tepe: First Progress Report. Toronto: Royal Ontario Museum, 1969.

  Young, T. Cuyler. Excavations at Godin Tepe: Second Progress Report. Toronto: Royal Ontario Museum, 1974.

  Zaehner, R. C. The Dawn and Twilight of Zoroastrianism. London: Weidenfeld and Nicholson, 1961.

  Zaehner, R. C. Teachings of the Magi. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1976.

  Zaehner, R. C. Zurvan: A Zoroastrian Dilemma. Oxford: Clarendon, 1955.

  Zarghamee, Reza. Discovering Cyrus: The Persian Conqueror Astride the Ancient World. Washington, DC: Mage Publishers, 2013.

  The Zend-Avesta, Part I: The Vendidad. Translated by James Darmesteter. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1965.

  The Zend-Avesta, Part II: The Sirozahs, Yashts and Nyayish. Translated by James Darmesteter. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1965.

  The Zend-Avesta, Part III: The Yasna, Visparad, Āfrīngān, Gāhs, and Miscellaneous Fragments. Translated by L. H. Mills. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1965.

  Zosimus. Historia Nova: The Decline of Rome. Translated by James J. Buchanan and Harold T. Davis. San Antonio: Trinity University Press, 1967.

  ABOUT THE AUTHOR

  Mehrdad Kia, PhD, is professor of Middle Eastern and North African history and director of the Central and Southwest Asian Studies Center at the University of Montana. His published works include Modern Middle East Authoritarianism: Roots, Ramifications, and Crisis; Daily Life in the Ottoman Empire; and The Ottoman Empire. Kia holds a doctorate in Middle Eastern and North African history from the University of Wisconsin–Madison.

  INDEX

  Bold indicates volume numbers.

  Ab, 1:104–105

  Aban, 1:104–105

  Aban Mah, 1:104–105

  Abarkavan (Abarkāfān), 1:54

  Abar Shahr, 1:52–54

  Abtin (Aptin), 1:61; 2:14–15, 18

>   Abu Bakr, 1:284–285

  Abul Abbas ibn Ma’mun, 1:79

  Abu Muslim, 2:170

  Achaemenes, 1:138–139, 141

  Achaemenid Empire

  administration and organization, 2:74, 79–80, 84–86, 254–259

  Aria, 1:68

  Artaxerxes II, inscription by, 2:263–264

  Assyria, defeat in, 1:55

  Azerbaijan, 1:69–70

  Bactria, 1:73, 74

  Battle of Cunaxa, 2:264–270

  Chorasmia, 1:78

  chronology of, 1:xlviii–li; 2:332

  collapse of, 1:160–161; 2:78–79

  cuisine of, 1:113–114; 2:280–282

  customs and practices, 2:274–280

  Cyropaedia and, 2:171

  Fars, 1:83–86

  founding of, 1:162–163

  Histories, 2:161–163

  Hyrcania, 1:87

  kings and queens, overview of, 1:137–138 (See also specific ruler names)

  lands ruled by, 1:51

  magi, role of, 2:212–213

  military practices, 2:75–78, 80, 85, 270–271

  Naqsh-e Rostam, 1:29–32

  overview of, 2:78–81, 84–86

  Oxus Treasure, 1:35–36

  Parsargadae, 1:39–40

  Parthia, 1:92–93

  Persepolis, 1:40–43

  Persian Gardens, 1:127–130

  Ray, 1:43–45

  Royal Road, 2:74, 127–129, 259–260

  Samarqand, 1:45

  Sar Mashhad, 1:47

  women, life in royal house, 2:271–274

  Achina, 1:10

  Adad-nirari, 1:64

  Adad-nirari III, 2:118

  Adiabene, 1:54–60

  Administration, empire overview, 2:81–89. See also specific empire names

  Adur, 2:178–182

  Adur Borzen Mihr, 1:71; 2:178–182

  Adur Burzin Mihr, 2:30

  Adur Farnbag, 1:71; 2:30, 178–182

  Adur Gushnasp, 1:71, 238, 266; 2:30, 132, 178–182

  Aeshma, 2:182–183

  Afghanistan, 1:45, 51, 66–67, 72–77

  Afrasiyab (Afrasiab), 1:63, 72–73; 2:2–5, 6, 14, 16, 42–43, 45–46, 50, 55–56, 58, 62, 66

  Afrasiyab, City of, 1:45, 97. See also Samarqand

  Afrighids, 1:79

  Agathias (Scholasticus), 2:150–151

 

‹ Prev