The Hindus

by Wendy Doniger

  sacrifice

  bhakti and

  in Brahmanas

  Brahmins and

  of buffalo

  of cows

  Devi movement and

  of dogs

  of horses, see horse sacrifice

  human

  humans-gods alliances and

  Indra and

  kingship and

  in Mahabharata

  Manu and

  nonviolence and

  recurrent death and

  reincarnation and

  in Rig Veda

  in Shaiva Siddhanta

  of snakes

  soma and

  Tantrism and

  Upanishads and

  vegetarianism and

  sadharana dharma

  Sadhus (ascetics)

  Saffronization

  Sagara (king, ocean)

  Sahadeva

  see also Pandavas

  Sahajiyas (sect)

  Said, Edward

  Saint Joan (Shaw)

  Salhesh, Raja

  Sama Veda

  Samnyasa Upanishads (Renunciation Upanishads)

  Samudra Gupta, Gupta emperor

  sanatana dharma

  Sandburg, Carl

  Sangama dynasty

  Sankhya (Numbers), philosophy of

  Sanskrit

  animals and

  in Brahmanas

  as cosmopolitan language

  court poetry and

  European translations of

  in Gupta Empire

  Kabir on

  as model language

  number in

  oral traditions of

  Puranas and

  in shastras

  texts on

  of Upanishads

  Vedic

  vernacular languages and

  women and

  Sanskritization

  Santayana, George

  Santoshi Mata (goddess)

  Sants

  Sapkale, Tryambak

  Sarama (dog)

  Saranyu (wife of the sun)

  Sarasvati (goddess, river)

  Sarasvati, Dayanand

  Sarasvati Valley culture

  Sarkar, Sumit

  Sasanka, King

  Sati (wife of Shiva)

  dismemberment of

  Satnamis (sect)

  Satnampanth (Path of the True Name)

  Satsangis (sect)

  Satyabhama, Queen

  Satyakama Jabala (Upanishadic sage)

  Satya Narayana (god)

  Satya Pir (holy man)

  Satyavati, Princess

  Satya Yuga (Age of Truth)

  Savarkar. D.

  Savitri (god)

  Sayyid, Alam

  Scheduled Castes, see Dalits

  Schelling, Friedrich

  Schopenhauer, Arthur

  Second Temple

  Secret Doctrine, The (Blavatsky)

  sectarianism

  in Gupta Empire

  Sen, Keshab Chunder

  Sen, Mala

  Sena (Sant)

  Sepoy Rebellion, see Rebellion of 1857-1858

  Sergeant Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band (Beatles)

  Sethusamudram Shipping Canal Project

  Shabari (holy woman)

  Shachi (wife of Indra)

  Shahis, Imam

  Shah Nama

  Shahriyar, Buzurg ibn

  Shahu, Maharashtrian minister

  Shaivas (worshippers of Shiva)

  Buddhists and

  Jainas and

  Kashmir

  Madhva and

  Shiva’s conversion to

  Shaiva Shore Temple

  Shaiva Tantras

  Shaka (Scythian) dynasty

  Shakespear, Henry

  Shakespeare, William

  Shaktas (worshipers of the Goddess)

  Shakta Tantras

  shakti (creative power)

  Shakuntala (Kalidasa)

  Shakyas (clan)

  Shakymuni, Gautama, see Buddha

  Shalimar Gardens

  Shambhaji, Maharashtrian ruler

  Shambuka (mythical figure)

  Shame (Rushdie)

  Shankara (philosopher)

  Madhva vs.

  Shantanu, King

  Sharqi kingdom

  shastras

  addiction control in

  animals in

  Brahmins threatened by

  caste and class in

  central issues of

  escape clauses of

  homosexuality in

  marriage in

  on medicine

  range of subjects of

  rape in

  structure of

  as term

  vegetarianism in

  women in

  Shatapatha Brahmana

  Shatavahana dynasty

  Shatrughna, Queen

  Shattaris (Sufi sect)

  Shaw, George Bernard

  Shaytanpura (City of Satan)

  sheep see also goats

  Sheffield, Reginald

  Shibi, King

  Shikhidhvaja, King

  Shikoh, Dara

  Shiva (god)

  bhakti of

  Brahma beheaded by

  Daksha’s sacrifice and

  Draupadi and

  earliest depiction of

  in films

  as half of Hari-Hara

  Kama and

  Khandoba as avatar of

  linga worship and

  in Mahabharata

  Nandi as vehicle for

  Parvati and

  in Puranas

  as savior

  Shaivas’ conversion of

  shakti of

  as Skull Bearer

  temper of

  temples of

  as woman

  worship of

  Shivaji, Maharashtrian ruler

  Shiva Purana

  Shore, John

  Shramanas (renunciants)

  Shrauta Sutras

  Shri (goddess of prosperity)

  Shri Vaishnavism

  shruti (body of literature)

  Shuddhodana (father of Buddha)

  Shudras (Other Backward Castes)

  Shulman, David

  Shumbha (antigod)

  Shunah shepha, human sacrifice of

  Shunga dynasty

  Shurpanakha (ogress)

  Shushtari, Qadi Nurullah

  Shva-Pakas (dog cookers caste)

  Shvetaketu (sage)

  Shvetashvatara Upanishad

  Siculus, Diodorus

  Siddhanta (school of philosophy)

  Siddha Yoga Dharma Associates (SYDA) Foundation

  Sikhs, Sikhism

  Sind, British annexation of

  Sindhu, river

  Siraj-ud-daula, nawab of Bengal

  Sisunaga, king

  Sita (wife of Rama)

  banishment of

  Dalit depictions of

  disappearance of

  enters the earth

  fire ordeal of

  horse sacrifice and

  Lakshmana’s relationship with

  Rama’s loss of

  in revised Ramayana

  sexuality and

  twin sons of

  women’s rights and

  as women’s role model

  Sita Devi

  Sitala (goddess of smallpox)

  Sitayana (film)

  Sivan, Santosh

  Skanda (son of Shiva)

  Skanda Purana

  Skull Bearers sect (Kapalikas)

  “Slaying of Meghanada, The” (Datta)

  Sleeman, William Henry “Thuggee,”

  Smith, Will

  smriti (body of literature)

  snakes:

  rope illusion and

  sacrifice of

  Society of God (Brahmo Samaj)

  “Sojourn of the Beloved” (Hariaudh)

  Solomon, King

  so
ma (plant)

  Agni and

  in Rig Veda

  sacrifice and

  in Vedic rites

  Soma (god)

  Somanatha, Palkuriki

  Somanatha, Temple of

  “Song of the Cowherd, The” (Gita Govinda) (Jayadeva)

  Sophocles

  soul

  South Africa

  Southey, Robert

  Spivak, Gayatri

  Sri Lanka see also Lanka

  Srinivas, M. N.

  Star Trek (television show)

  Stavorinus, J. S.

  Stoppard, Tom

  stupas

  subaltern studies movement

  Such a Long Journey (Mistry)

  Sufism

  Syncretism and

  Sugriva (king of the monkeys)

  Sukeshin (ogre)

  Sumatra

  Sumer

  Sumitra, Queen

  Sunda (antigod)

  Supreme Court, Indian

  Surya (sun god)

  Sushruta (medical author)

  Sutas (Charioteers caste)

  suttee, practice of

  Brahmins and

  British and

  coercion and choice and

  in Harsha era

  human rights and

  Indian liberation movements and

  moral control of women and

  in Mughal Empire

  opposition to

  romanticization of

  Sati and

  women and

  Sutton, Willie

  sva-dharma

  Swaminarayan

  Swaminarayan Mandir temple

  “Sweetheart of the Song Tra Bong” (O’Brien)

  syncretism

  Syria

  Tagore, Debendranath

  Tagore, Rabindranath

  Taittiriya Upanishads

  Taj Mahal

  Talikota, battle of (1565)

  Tamil language

  Tamils

  early literature of

  Tantras, Tantrism

  accidental grace and

  American misappropriation of

  animals in

  bhakti and

  Tantras, Tantrism (cont.):

  caste inversion in

  Chandrika-Mahisha myth in

  Chandrika-Shumbha myth in

  defining

  elements of

  Five Ms schema of

  heresies and

  Kundalini ritual and

  origins of

  Pashupata sect and

  Puranas and

  sacrifice and

  as salvation

  sanitization of

  temple complexes of

  vegetarianism

  women and

  tapas (inner heat)

  Tara, Queen

  Tarabai, Queen

  Taranath (historian)

  Tarikh-i-Farishta

  Tataka (ogress)

  Tecinku (hero)

  Tej (folk figure)

  Tejan (mare)

  Tej Singh

  Telugu (language)

  temples

  of Chola kingdom

  darshan

  in Delhi Sultanate

  desecration of

  diversity of

  of Elephanta

  of Ellora

  eroticism and

  of Gupta Empire

  inverted carvings of

  mosques and

  negative carvings of

  present day configuration of

  of Shiva

  Tantras and

  in U.S.

  of Vijayanagar Empire

  violence and

  see also specific temples

  Ten Avatars (Dashavatara), temple of

  Tertullian

  Tevaram (poetry collection)

  Thanjavur, Brihadishvara temple

  Thapar, Romila

  Tharoor, Shashi

  Theosophical Society

  Theroux, Paul

  “Thesis of Demonic Imitation, The”

  Things They Carried, The (O’Brien)

  Third Buddhist Council

  Thomas, Elizabeth Marshall

  Thomas, Saint Judas

  Thomas, Wendell

  Thoreau, Henry David

  Those Barren Leaves (Huxley)

  Thousand Names of Shiva, Hymn of

  “Three Hundred Ramayanas: Five Examples and Three Thoughts on Translation” (Ramanujan)

  Three Princes of Serendip, The (Walpole)

  Thugs

  Thyestes

  Tibet

  Tilak, Bal Gangadhar

  Tilottama (Asparas)

  Time

  Ages of

  three aspects of

  Times (London)

  Timur the Lame, Mongol emperor

  Tirumal (Vishnu)

  Tirumankai (poet)

  Tirumular (mystic)

  Tirumurai (poetry collection)

  Tiruvacacam

  Tiruvatavurar Purana

  Tiruvilaiyatal Purana

  Todar-ananda (“Todar’s Bliss”)

  toddy

  Tolstoy, Leo

  tooth goddesses

  tortoise (avatar of Vishnu)

  Total Recall (film)

  “Tour of the Sacred Tirthas“

  transmigration

  Transposed Heads, The (Glanville-Hicks)

  Transposed Heads, The (Mann)

  Treta Yuga (Age of the Trey)

  Treveleyan, George

  Trimurti (trinity)

  Trishanku, King

  Triyaruna, King

  True Name (god of the Satnampanthis)

  Truman, Harry S.

  Tughluq, Feroz Shah

  Tughluq, Muhammad bin

  Tukaram (saint)

  Tulsi, Tulsidas (poet)

  Tulsibai (woman warrior)

  Tulsidas (poet)

  Turks (Turuskas)

  Turner, Tina

  Tvashtri (artisan)

  ulama

  Ulupi, serpent princess

  Uma (goddess)

  Underground (film)

  unicorn

  Unitarianism

  United States

  Hinduism misappropriated in

  Hindu population of

  Hindu reverse colonization of

  identity politics in

  Indian languages’ influence on

  interreligious interaction in

  temples in

  Vedanta in

  United Way

  Untouchables

  Upanishads

  addiction in

  animals in

  ascetic tradition of

  caste in

  composition of

  continuation of the Vedas and

  death and

  dogs in

  eroticism of

  horses in

  human sacrifice in

  karma in

  language of

  moksha in

  monism in

  non-Brahmin doctrines of

  nonviolence in

  paths of smoke and flame in

  Persian translation of

  progeneration in

  Raikva story in

  Rebirth and Release in

  reincarnation in

  renunciation in

  sacrifice in

  shakti and

  social and political world of

  stages of consciousness in

  textual world of

  transmigration in

  vegetarianism in

  women in

  Upasunda (antigod)

  Urdu language

  Urvashi (heavenly nymph)

  Utilitarians

  Vach (personification of Speech)

  Vaikai (goddess)

  Vaisheshika (Particularism)

  Vaishnava Puranas

  Vaishnavas (worshippers of Vishnu)

  in Mughal Empire

  Vaishnava Tantras

  Vaishyas (merchants)<
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  Vakataka dynasty

  Valin (monkey king)

  Valmiki (poet)

  Varahamihira (astronomer)

  Varman I, Narasimha king

  Varuna (god of waters and morals)

  in Rig Veda

  Vasishtha (sage)

  Vasu, King

  Vasudeva (name of Krishna, or father of Krishna)

  Vasudevaka (worshipper of Krishna)

  Vatican II

  Vatsyayana (author of Kama-sutra)

  Vayu (god of wind)

  Vayu Purana

  Vedanta

  dualist (Dvaita) school of

  in U.S.

  Vedanta-Sutras (of Badarayana)

  Vedas (sacred texts)

  Vedavati (incarnation of Sita)

  Vedic peoples

  brickmaking of

  caste system of

  Caucasian migration hypothesis and

  indigenous origin hypothesis and

  IVC hypothesis and

  languages of

  vegetarianism

  in Brahmanas

  of Gandhi

  Manu and

  renunciation and

  sacrifice and

  in shastras

  Tantras and

  in Upanishads

  violence and

  Velar (caste)

  Vena, King

  Vessantara Jataka

  Vibhishana (ogre)

  Victoria, queen of England

  Vidura (son of Vyasa)

  Vidyapati (poet)

  Vijayanagar Empire

  temples of

  worship of Rama in

  Vikramaditya II, Chalukya king

  Vindhya-vasini (name of the goddess Kali)

  Vipashchit, King

  Virabhadra (form of Shiva)

  Viradha (ogre)

  Viraka (son of Shiva)

  see also Parvati

  Virashaivas (worshippers of Shiva)

  Virata Parvan

  Virgin Mary

  Virochana (antigod)

  Vishnu (god)

  avatars of

  Bali and

  birth of Krishna and

  Buddha as avatar of

  Gupta Empire and

  as Hari-Hara

  as Kalki

  mutual creation myth and

  in Puranas

  Rama as avatar of

  Release and

  in Rig Veda

  Vishnu Purana

  Vishvamitra, King

  Vishvanatha (Shiva as Lord of the Universe)

  Vishvanatha Temple

  Vishwa Hindu Parishad

  Vithabai (goddess)

  Vithoba (god)

  Vitthal (god)

  Vivekananda, Swami

  Voltaire

  Vratyas (ascetics)

  Vrisha (priest)

  Vritra (antigod)

  Vyasa (sage)

  birth of

  children of

  Wagner, Cosima

  Wagner, Richard

  Wales, Prince of

  Walpole, Horace

  Walton, Bishop

  Warlis (tribal group)

  Wegener, Alfred

  Weinberger-Thomas, Catherine

  Weinrich, Max

  “Wendy’s Children” (Malhotra)

  West, Martin

  Wheeler, Hugh

  White Mughals

  Wilberforce, William

  Wilkie, John Elbert

  Wilkins, Charles

  Wilson, Horace Hayman

  Winckelmann, Johann

  Winning Age, see Krita Yuga

  Wittgenstein, Ludwig

  Wodehouse, P. G.

  Wolfe, Tom

  womb house ( garbha griha)

  women