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Woolly

Page 23

by Ben Mezrich


  peregrine falcons, 257–58

  permafrost, 3, 5, 10, 13–14, 84, 86

  climate change and, 111–13, 120, 130

  Pleistocene Park and, 114–15

  transporting elk and, 105

  Personal Genome Project (PGP), 75–76, 90, 92, 244

  Peto’s paradox, 259

  Phelan, Ryan, 88–89, 91–96, 129, 204, 269

  background of, 88, 91–92

  Church’s relationship with, 94–95

  climate change and, 114

  elephant herd visited by, 206–7, 209, 211

  and herpes in elephants, 211–12

  scientific conference of, 108–16

  TEDx Talk and, 149

  Phillips Andover, 46–47

  pigs, 173, 183, 247

  flying, 257–58

  transplantation medicine and, 124–25, 128, 130–31, 243–44

  Pleistocene Era, 83, 113–15, 130

  Pleistocene Park, 114–16, 191, 250–51

  polar bears, 14, 30, 82–83, 85–86, 254–55

  proteins, 38, 48, 165, 199, 261–63

  Cas 9, 152–53, 172

  dreaminase, 127–28, 130

  Pyrenean ibex, 109

  Q

  Quetzalcoatlus northropi, 258

  Quinn, Justin, 9–16, 143–52

  acquiring elephant stem cells and, 162–63, 167–68, 173

  acquiring elephant tissue and, 159–61

  boots and clothing of, 9–10, 12–13

  CRISPR and, 152, 154, 172–73

  education of, 10, 13, 143–44, 146, 151, 168

  and implanting Mammoth genetic material into elephant cells, 150–51, 154, 172–75, 190, 226

  Mammoth team and, 144–45, 147–52, 154, 159–63, 167–68, 172, 174–75, 190, 198, 223, 226, 243

  parents of, 143–44, 146

  and resettling Yakutian horses near Chersky, 11–13, 15

  sequencing Mammoths and, 148–49

  Warp Drive employment of, 146, 149–51, 174

  R

  Regenesis (Church), 156–57

  reindeer, 12–13, 83, 113–15

  Revive & Restore, 91, 195, 269–72

  Ringling Brothers and Barnum & Bailey Circus, 205–6, 209, 223, 242

  RNA, 51

  Cas 9 protein and, 152–53

  Church and, 48, 139–40

  and implanting Mammoth genetic material into elephant cells, 153, 172

  synthesizing stem cells and, 200

  Roth, Fritz, 222–25

  Rüppell’s griffon vultures, 257

  Russians, Russia, 90, 110–11, 124, 251, 254, 270

  cloning and, 191, 217, 253

  Kotelny Island and, 81–82

  Mammoths in, 16, 77, 218–20

  Minh’s excavation project and, 180–81

  Pleistocene Park and, 114–15

  Quinn and, 9–16

  and resettling Yakutian horses near Chersky, 11–13, 15

  secrecy of, 220

  Sputniks of, 25, 27

  as vibrant and culture-filled, 101

  Zimov’s heritage and, 103

  S

  Sakha Republic, 83, 179–82, 184–85

  Quinn and, 9–14

  Zimov and, 29–34

  Science, 151, 153, 165, 183

  Shapiro, Beth, 265

  Siberia, Siberians, 110, 112, 252–53, 255

  discovery of Mammoth carcasses in, 185, 218, 262

  Mammoths’ habitats and, 3, 77, 79, 160, 220

  Minh’s excavation project in, 179–82, 184–85

  Pleistocene Park and, 114

  Quinn and, 9–16

  winters in, 20, 32

  Zimov and, 29–34, 99, 103

  Siberian cave lions, 182–83, 185

  Smith, David, 52, 55

  Sooam Biotech Research Foundation:

  cloning and, 183–84, 186, 191, 213–17, 219–20, 224

  and Mammoth discovered by Minh, 218

  Minh’s excavation project and, 179, 183–84

  South Korea, South Koreans, 213, 219

  cloning and, 191, 217, 253

  Mammoth research of, 86

  Minh’s excavation project and, 179–81, 183

  Soviet Union, 33, 101, 114, 254

  Spiegel, Der, 156–57

  stem cells, 141, 153–54, 161–63, 199–202, 231

  acquiring elephant, 162–63, 167–68, 173, 189, 194

  alleged human cloning and, 183

  fetal GMO elephants and, 267

  immortalizing cells and, 199

  and implanting Mammoth genetic material into elephant cells, 162, 173–74, 190, 242, 246

  Neanderthal cloning and, 156–57

  synthesizing of, 200–202, 205, 212, 223–24, 240, 242

  Summers, Larry, 66

  synthetic life forms, 237–39, 244

  synthetic uterus, 226–27, 240, 269

  T

  Tampa, Fla., 23–27, 95

  Tasmanian tigers, 270

  TEDx Talk, 149

  Thiel, Peter, 192–95

  Ting Wu, see Wu, Chao-ting

  transplantation medicine, 124–25, 128, 130–31, 183, 243–44

  U

  ultra-conserved elements (UCEs), 260

  Unisphere, 42

  V

  Venter, Craig, 244

  Venus flytraps, 38

  Vernadsky, V. I., 118

  viruses, 51, 235, 266

  Cas 9 protein and, 152–53

  CRISPR and, 193

  herpes, 211–12, 223–24, 260

  immortalizing cells and, 199

  synthesizing stem cells and, 200

  W

  Wade, Nicholas, 76–77, 79–80, 88, 92, 148

  Walton, Jack, 165–69

  Warp Drive LLC, 146–47, 149–51, 171–75

  Watson, James D., 50–51, 152

  weeds, 10, 31, 39, 111, 113

  Weeks Bridge, 57–58, 60

  Whole Earth Catalogue (Brand), 89–91

  Whole Earth Discipline (Brand), 95

  “Wild Field Manifesto, The” (Zimov), 117–20

  Wilson, E. O., 92

  Wolfe, Tom, 89

  Woolly Mammoths:

  acquiring elephant tissue and, 160–61

  births of, 4

  Brand–Phelan conference and, 108, 110, 113, 116

  calves of, 3–7

  and Church’s visit with elephant herd, 206, 209

  cloning of, 150, 185–86, 191, 219–20, 253

  comparisons between elephants and, 77, 79, 84–85, 147

  demise and extinction of, 5–7, 76–77, 79, 84, 95

  discoveries of carcasses of, 53, 76–79, 85–86, 109, 185, 218–20, 253, 262

  familial units of, 3–4, 6

  flying, 257–58

  genetic traits of, 147–48, 150, 161, 190, 224, 242, 248

  genome of, 76, 148, 150, 154, 161, 223, 262, 265, 267

  habitats of, 3–7, 16, 76–77, 79, 84–86, 113, 130, 147–48, 160–61, 220, 262, 269

  hair of, 5, 76–77, 79, 129, 147, 150, 161, 185, 190, 200, 248

  hemoglobin of, 77, 148, 150, 161, 190, 200, 242, 262–63

  herds of, 3–7, 220

  and herpes in elephants, 211–12, 223–24

  implanting elephant cells with genetic material of, 110, 150–51, 153–54, 162–63, 172–75, 190–91, 223–24, 226, 240, 242–43, 246–48

  ivory tusks of, 84–86, 129, 144, 150, 253

  Minh’s excavation project and, 182, 185–86

  mission statement on, 130

  Pleistocene Park and, 114–16

  predators of, 5, 14–15

  proposed resurrection of, 77–80, 88, 92, 94–96, 108, 110, 129–31

  Revival project on, 131–32, 144–45, 147–52, 154, 156, 159–63, 167–68, 172, 174–75, 188–91, 193–95, 197–98, 201, 205–6, 212, 223–24, 226, 240, 242–43, 246–48, 269–70

  rounded ears of, 4–5, 77, 129, 147, 150, 161, 190, 242

  sequencing of, 148–50, 154, 161, 163, 173
<
br />   sizes of, 4, 16, 77, 257

  subcutaneous fat of, 147, 150, 161, 190, 242

  synthesizing stem cells and, 201–2, 224

  synthetic uterus and, 226–27

  time needed to resurrect, 269–70

  Zimov’s manifesto and, 118–20

  World’s Fair, 40–44, 46

  Wrangel Island:

  Mammoths on, 3–6, 262

  Zimov’s trip to, 249–52, 254–56

  Wu, Chao-ting (Ting), 57–68

  daughter of, 72–73, 80, 87, 95

  education of, 58–60

  fight for equality of, 63–68

  fruit fly genetics and, 62

  Harvard career of, 62–67

  husband’s relationship with, 57–61, 63–68, 72–73, 80

  husband’s surprise party and, 221–22, 224–25

  lab of, 64–65, 67, 230, 260, 266

  Lyme disease prevention and, 233–34, 236

  marriage of, 60–61, 68

  married life of, 63–68

  Nantucket trip of, 229–34, 236, 240

  scientific acknowledgment of, 66–67

  social life of, 57–58, 60–61

  Y

  Yakutian horses, 11–13, 15, 114–15

  Yakuts, 82–86, 180, 182

  Yamanaka, Shinya, 200–201

  Yang, Luhan, 123–32, 187–95, 197–202

  acquiring elephant stem cells and, 162–63, 173, 189, 194

  acquiring elephant tissue and, 156, 158, 160–61

  altered hemoglobin cells and, 241–42

  Cas 9 protein and, 153

  Church’s relationship with, 125–26, 128–30

  creating synthetic uterus and, 227

  CRISPR and, 151–52, 193

  demeanor of, 123–25, 127–28, 144–45

  Dhadwar’s relationship with, 141–42

  dreaminase protein project of, 127–28, 130

  education of, 125–28

  genetically enhanced mosquitoes and, 123, 129, 132

  immortalizing elephant cells and, 199–202, 205, 223

  and implanting Mammoth genetic material into elephant cells, 151, 162, 173, 190, 223, 226, 240, 242–43, 246–48

  Mammoth team and, 131–32, 144–45, 148–51, 154, 159, 162–63, 175, 188–90, 193–95, 197–98, 201, 205, 223, 226, 242–43, 246–47

  parents of, 126–27, 130–32

  pig organ transplantation project of, 124–25, 128, 130–31, 243

  and proposed resurrection of Mammoths, 129–31

  research on aging of, 193–95, 198–99

  sequencing Mammoths and, 148–49, 154, 161

  synthesizing human cells and, 244–45

  synthesizing stem cells and, 205, 223

  Thiel’s meeting with, 192–95

  trip to British Columbia of, 187–92, 197–98

  Z

  Zika virus, 235

  Zimov, Anastasiya, 30–34, 100

  and driving between Irkutsk and Chersky, 30–33

  and husband’s trip to Wrangel Island, 250–51

  Zimov, Nikita, 29–34, 97–105, 249–56

  ambitions of, 32, 100, 105, 110

  childhood and adolescence of, 31–34, 98

  cross-country trip of, 98–105

  and driving between Irkutsk and Chersky, 29–33

  education of, 30–32

  elk transported by, 101–5, 251

  father’s relationship with, 32–33, 98, 100, 105

  Pleistocene Park and, 114, 251

  trip to Wrangel Island of, 249–52, 254–56

  Zimov, Sergey, 110–20, 250–56

  ambitions of, 98, 100, 105, 110

  Brand–Phelan conference and, 110–16

  climate change and, 111–14, 118–19, 130

  Pleistocene Park and, 114–16, 251

  son’s relationship with, 32–33, 98, 100, 105

  son’s transporting elk and, 104–5

  trip to Wrangel Island of, 250–52, 254–56

  “The Wild Field Manifesto” of, 117–20

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  Interior design by Joy O’Meara

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  Author photograph by Eric Levin

  Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

  Names: Mezrich, Ben, 1969–

  Title: Woolly : the true story of the quest to revive one of history’s most iconic extinct creatures / Ben Mezrich.

  Description: New York : Atria Books, 2017. | Description based on print version record and CIP data provided by publisher; resource not viewed.

  Identifiers: LCCN 2017010876 (print) | LCCN 2017012621 (ebook) | ISBN 9781501160417 (E-book) | ISBN 9781501135552 (hardcover) | ISBN 9781501135569 (pbk.)

  Subjects: LCSH: Woolly mammoth. | Extinct animals—Cloning. | Extinct animals—Genetics.

  Classification: LCC QE882.P8 (ebook) | LCC QE882.P8 M49 2017 (print) | DDC 591.68—dc23

  LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017010876

  ISBN 978-1-5011-3555-2

  ISBN 978-1-5011-3557-6 (ebook)

 

 

 


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